For courses in Human Physiology Don't just study-visualize, explore, and solve problems in human physiology with Principles of Human Physiology! Principles of Human Physiology, Sixth Edition uses a precise and clear-cut writing style to offer lasting comprehension for Human Physiology students, extending to real-life application in the field. The Sixth Edition provides essential digital resources to foster critical thinking and problem-solving skills. The exceptional art program is consistent, scientifically accurate, and visually appealing. Stanfield's renowned flexible pedagogy allows instructors to choose what is essential to students when mapping out their course. MasteringA&P provides a framework for students to practice solving clinical problems, think conceptually, and apply new knowledge. Assigning interactive tutorials and coaching activities in MasteringA&P directs student learning on the toughest topics and provides a comprehensive and engaging learning environment. Also available as a Pearson eText or packaged with Mastering A&P Pearson eText is a simple-to-use, mobile-optimized, personalized reading experience that can be adopted on its own as the main course material. It lets students highlight, take notes, and review key vocabulary all in one place, even when offline. Seamlessly integrated videos and other rich media engage students and give them access to the help they need, when they need it. Educators can easily share their own notes with students so they see the connection between their eText and what they learn in class - motivating them to keep reading, and keep learning. Mastering A&P is an online homework, tutorial, and assessment program designed to work with Principles of Human Physiology to engage students and improve results. Instructors ensure students arrive ready to learn by assigning educationally effective content before class, and encourage critical thinking and retention with in-class resources such as Learning Catalytics (TM). Students can further master concepts after class through traditional and adaptive homework assignments that provide hints and answer-specific feedback. With a wide range of activities available, students can actively learn, understand, and retain even the most difficult concepts. Note: You are purchasing a standalone book; Pearson eText and Mastering A&P do not come packaged with this content. Students, ask your instructor for the correct package ISBN and Course ID. Instructors, contact your Pearson representative for more information. If your instructor has assigned Pearson eText as your main course material, search for: * 0135212995 / 9780135212998 Pearson eText Principles of Human Physiology, 6/e -- Access Card OR * 0135213002 / 9780135213001 Pearson eText Principles of Human Physiology, 6/e -- Instant Access If you would like to purchase both the physical text and Mastering A&P, search for: 0134169042 / 9780134169040 Principles of Human Physiology Plus Mastering A&P with eText -- Access Card Package, 6/E Package consists of: 013429890X / 9780134298900 MasteringA&P with Pearson eText -- ValuePack Access Card -- for Principles of Human Physiology, 6/e 0134169808 / 9780134169804 Principles of Human Physiology, 6/e

Scientists are deciphering the biology of the tumor cell at a level of detail that would have been hard to imagine just a decade or so ago. The development of high-throughput DNA sequencing and genomics technologies have allowed an understanding of the development, growth, survival, and spread of cancer cells in the body. From this information, we now have a basic blueprint or roadmap of how a single damaged cell can develop into a pre-malignant lesion, a primary tumor, and finally, a lethal tumor that may spread throughout the body and resist both medical therapy and host immune responses. In this book, we provide an overview of our current understanding of this cancer blueprint, which has been aided both by the study of familial cancer syndromes, in vitro studies of cancer cells, and animal models. Three classes of genes have emerged from these studies: tumor suppressor genes needed for normal growth control and DNA repair; oncogenes that regulate cell growth and survival, and epigenetic modifiers, enzymes that regulate the modification of DNA and the proteins that form chromatin. Each of these three classes of genes is mutated or altered at least once in virtually all malignant cancer cells. Current technologies permit the DNA sequencing of cancer exomes (coding gene sequencing), whole genomes, transcriptome (all expressed genes), and DNA methylation profiling. These studies show that all tumors have unique constellations of mutated, rearranged, amplified, and deleted genes. Single-cell sequencing further shows that there is extensive variation in individual cells in the tumor; that cancers evolve, and have many of the properties of a multi-cellular entity. Lastly, cancer cells, through mutations in epigenetic modifiers, can reprogram the genome and unlock entire developmental and gene expression pathways to adapt and survive in changing conditions. This reprogramming allows the tumor to elude the host body's defenses, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy that we use in cancer treatment. Understanding this cancer blueprint paves the way for the development of future therapies to treat and eliminate cancer.

This collaboration of two physiologists and a gastroenterologist provides medical and graduate students, medical and surgical residents, and subspecialty fellows a comprehensive summary of digestive system physiology and addresses the pathophysiological processes that underlie some GI diseases. The textual approach proceeds by organ instead of the traditional organization followed by other GI textbooks. This approach lets the reader track the food bolus as it courses through the GI tract, learning on the way each organ's physiologic functions as the bolus directly or indirectly contacts it. The book is divided into three parts: (1) Chapters 1-3 include coverage of basic concepts that pertain to all (or most) organs of the digestive system, salivation, chewing, swallowing, and esophageal function, (2) Chapters 4-6 are focused on the major secretory organs (stomach, pancreas, liver) that assist in the assimilation of a meal, and (3) Chapters 7 and 8 address the motor, transport, and digestive functions of the small and large intestines. Each chapter includes its own pathophysiology and clinical correlation section that underscores the importance of the organ's normal function.

Handbook of Animal Models in Neurological Disorders will better readers' understanding of a large variety of animal models and their applicability in studying a number of neurological disorders. Featuring sections on brain injury, stroke and neuroinflammation, this volume discusses in detail the utility, success and pitfalls of multiple models for each condition. Multiple disorders are covered, ranging from neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and ALS, to multiple sclerosis, headache, migraine, and others. With expert authors, this book has applicability for anyone pursuing neuroscience or biomedical research working to better understand, study and ultimately treat neurological dysfunction.

Microbiome Metabolome Brain Vagus Nerve Circuit in Disease and Recovery focuses on the emerging hypothesis of a dysfunctional microbiome metabolome vagus nerve brain circuit in Alzheimer's disease and associated diseases and medical conditions, including dementia, aging, COVID-19, autoimmune conditions, and inflammatory skin condition rosacea, which may increase the risk of other conditions. This book also discusses the vagus nerve-related conditions, including Arnold's reflex, laryngopharyngeal reflux, duodenogastric reflux, gastroesophageal reflux, and related pulmonary diseases. The subjects covered in the book also address an important question of which one is more important for human health and intellectual abilities: the human genome or the human microbiome? The conceptual model of food and gut microbial tryptamine vagus nerve circuit is also presented in this book.

A must-have book for understanding one of the most fundamental areas of physical therapy: the nervous system and its relationship to musculoskeletal pain. Osteopath, lecturer and author John Gibbons offers an accessible introduction to the peripheral nervous system (PNS). Alongside real case studies and guidelines for hands-on work with clients and patients, The Vital Nerves demystifies and makes accessible everything from how to diagnose nerve conditions to understanding how our cells communicate. Gibbons provides critical insights into the structure and functions of the PNS; the body's response to stimuli and how it knows what to do; the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems; understanding the stress response; and how reflex testing can aid in diagnosing conditions like Multiple Sclerosis, Parkinson's Disease, and paresthesias. The Vital Nerves addresses practical, common considerations like how to: Assess the nervous system using a patella (reflex) hammer, myotome (muscle) testing and dermatome (sensory) testing Determine whether pain in the posterior part of the thigh is caused by the sciatic nerve, piriformis or simply a hamstring strain Decide at what level a disc may have herniated Differentiate between upper and lower motor neurone disorders Know what to do with the findings of your neurological assessment and the circumstances under which to refer patients for more specialist care. The Vital Nerves is a comprehensive, must-have roadmap to the functional anatomy of the nervous system. Enriched with anatomical drawings and detailed explanations, it explains neurological testing, common neuropathies, and differential diagnoses, and is an indispensable resource for physical therapists and bodyworkers.

Enzymes of Epigenetics: Part B, one of two new volumes in the Methods in Enzymology series, continues the legacy of this premier serial with quality chapters authored by leaders in the field. This volume covers research methods that are employed in the study of epigenetic regulation, including structural, biochemical, molecular, biological, cellular, computational, and systems approaches. Topics include chromatin structure and histones, posttranslational histone modification enzymes and complexes, histone modification binders, DNA modifications and nucleic acid regulators, epigenetic technologies, and small molecule epigenetic regulators and biological connections.

Enzymes of Epigenetics, one of two new volumes in the Methods in Enzymology series, continues the legacy of this premier serial with quality chapters authored by leaders in the field. This volume covers research methods that are employed to study epigenetic regulation and includes structural, biochemical, molecular, biological, cellular, computational, and systems approaches. Topics include chromatin structure and histones, posttranslational histone modification enzymes and complexes, histone modification binders, DNA modifications and nucleic acid regulators, epigenetic technologies and small molecule epigenetic regulators, and biological connections

Sex Differences in Physiology is an all-encompassing reference that details basic science research into sex differences in all physiological fields. It includes scientific discoveries concerning sex differences in cardiovascular, respiratory, renal, gastrointestinal, and musculoskeletal physiology. In addition, coverage of the development, endocrinology, neurophysiology, immunity, and metabolism is included, making this important reference a resource that will meet the needs of investigators interested in incorporating sex differences into their research programs, while also providing clinicians with the basis for providing the best sex-based medical treatment options available.

Aging: From Fundamental Biology to Societal Impact examines the interconnection of the cellular and molecular basis of aging and societal-based challenges and innovative interventions. Sections take a societal-based angle on aging, describing several flagship initiatives for healthy living and active aging in different regions, cover the biology of aging which includes the hallmarks of aging, explain the pathophysiology of aging, describing different comorbidities associated with aging and possible interventions to decrease the impact of aging, and envision future and innovative measures to tackle aging-related morbidities. Contributions from an interdisciplinary panel of experts cover such topics as the biology of aging to physical activity, nutrition, psychology, pharmacology, health care, social care and urban planning.

Arrestins: Structure and Function in Vision and Beyond examines the structural basis of the function of arrestin proteins in the brain. Linking basic, translational and clinical research, this volume begins with history and basic signaling principles and then expands to the use of proteins as potential therapeutic targets. Multiple cellular activities are detailed, including activation, signaling, GPCR endocytosis, and ERK signaling, with chapters examining both visual and non-visual arrestins. Experts in their respective fields are featured throughout, making this book essential reading for anyone who wants to explore the basic science underlying these signaling proteins.

Molecules to Medicine with mTOR: Translating Critical Pathways into Novel Therapeutic Strategies is a one-stop reference that thoroughly covers the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR). mTOR, also known as the mammalian target of rapamycin, is a 289-kDa serine/threonine protein kinase that is ubiquitous throughout the body and has a critical role in gene transcription and protein formation, stem cell development, cell survival and senescence, aging, immunity, tissue regeneration and repair, metabolism, tumorigenesis, oxidative stress, and pathways of programmed cell death that include apoptosis and autophagy. Incorporating a translational medicine approach, this important reference highlights the basic cellular biology of mTOR pathways, presents the role of mTOR during normal physiologic function and disease, and illustrates how the mechanisms of mTOR can be targeted for current and future therapeutic treatment strategies. Coverage of mTOR signaling includes the entire life cycle of cells that impacts multiple systems of the body including those of nervous, cardiovascular, immune, musculoskeletal, endocrine, reproductive, renal, and respiratory origin.

Beauty, Aging and AntiAging covers novel and updated research and treatment options regarding the effects of aging on human physiology. Beauty perception and related molecular pathways are reviewed, along with current medical and surgical approaches to aging. The first part of the book focuses on beauty, youth, aging and its effects on the human body. In the second part, various restorative treatment approaches are reviewed in detail. Particularly, invasive treatment options and molecular pathophysiology of aging are covered in this book.

Back to Basics in Physiology: O2 and CO2 in the Respiratory and Cardiovascular Systems exploits the gap that exists in current physiology books, tackling specific problems and evaluating their repercussions on systemic physiology. It is part of a group of books that seek to provide a bridge for the basic understanding of science and its direct translation to the clinical setting, with a final aim of helping readers further comprehend the basic science behind clinical observations. The book is interspersed with clinical correlates and key facts, as the authors believe that highlighting direct patient care issues leads to improved understanding and retention. Physiology students, including graduate and undergraduate students, nursing students, physician associate students, and medical students will find this to be a great reference tool as part of an introductory course, or as review material.

Essential Neuromodulation, Second Edition is a concise reference covering all of the basic principles of neuromodulation in a single affordable volume for neuroscientists, residents, fellows, bioengineers and basic clinical practitioners. This second edition expands on developments in the field since 2011, emphasizing essential observations from all of the important clinical phases involved in any neuromodulation: targeting, intraoperative assessment, programming, complications and complication avoidance. As neuromodulation remains an exciting and rapidly advancing field, this information is critical for neurosurgeons, neurophysiologists, bioengineers and other proceduralists.

These new volumes of Methods in Enzymology (554 and 555) on Hydrogen Sulfide Signaling continue the legacy established by previous volumes on another gasotransmitter, nitric oxide (Methods in Enzymology volumes 359, 396, 440, and 441), with quality chapters authored by leaders in the field of hydrogen sulfide research. These volumes of Methods in Enzymology were designed as a compendium for hydrogen sulfide detection methods, the pharmacological activity of hydrogen sulfide donors, the redox biochemistry of hydrogen sulfide and its metabolism in mammalian tissues, the mechanisms inherent in hydrogen sulfide cell signaling and transcriptional pathways, and cell signaling in specific systems, such as cardiovascular and nervous system as well as its function in inflammatory responses. Two chapters are also devoted to hydrogen sulfide in plants and a newcomer, molecular hydrogen, its function as a novel antioxidant.

These new volumes of Methods in Enzymology (554 and 555) on Hydrogen Sulfide Signaling continue the legacy established by previous volumes on another gasotransmitter, nitric oxide (Methods in Enzymology volumes 359, 396, 440, and 441), with quality chapters authored by leaders in the field of hydrogen sulfide research. These volumes of Methods in Enzymology were designed as a compendium for hydrogen sulfide detection methods, the pharmacological activity of hydrogen sulfide donors, the redox biochemistry of hydrogen sulfide and its metabolism in mammalian tissues, the mechanisms inherent in hydrogen sulfide cell signaling and transcriptional pathways, and cell signaling in specific systems, such as cardiovascular and nervous system as well as its function in inflammatory responses. Two chapters are also devoted to hydrogen sulfide in plants and a newcomer, molecular hydrogen, its function as a novel antioxidant.

Handbook of Opium: History and Basis of Opioids in Therapeutics traces the history of poppy from its prehistory, its use in Greek and Egyptian medicine through the European Renaissance, and the opioid epidemic of the present day. The book explores the discovery of morphine and its alkaloids, reviews its biosynthetic process, and covers the evolution of synthetic opioids. Further, it reviews the biological effects of opium and the molecular basis of its actions, including future perspectives in clinical applications with therapeutic targets. The book is interspersed with numerous notes on the events and great minds in history and medicine who advocated, analyzed and advanced opium through history. The book is a comprehensive review on opium, covering a breadth of topics, including its history, botany, chemistry, trade, physiology, clinical use and molecular biology, with numerous references, tables, vignettes and illustrations included for additional understanding.