There are relationships that exist between neuroanesthesia, neurosurgical procedures, individual patient pathology and the positioning of a patient for said procedure. A comprehensive examination of these relationships, their association with patient morbidity/mortality and how to approach these issues in an evidence-based manner has yet to become available. Positioning related injuries have been documented as major contributors to neurosurgical/neuroanesthesiology liability. This text examines these relationships. It provides considerations necessary to the correct positioning of a patient for a neurosurgical procedure for each individual patient and their individual pathology. In other words, this text will demonstrate how to construct the necessary surgical posture for the indicated neurosurgical procedure given the individual constraints of the patient within the environment of anesthesia and conforming to existing evidence-based practice guidelines. Sections will address physiological changes inherent in positioning in relation to anesthesia for neurosurgical procedures, assessment of patient for planned procedure, as well as considerations for managing problems associated with these relationships. Additional sections will examine the relationship between neurosurgical positioning and medical malpractice and the biomechanical science between positioning devices and neurosurgical procedures. Neurosurgery and its patient population are in a constant state of change. Providing the necessary considerations for the neurosurgical procedure planned under the anesthesia conditions planned in the position planned, often in the absence of multicase study literary support, without incurring additional morbidity is the goal of this text.

In this book, leading world authorities on brain edema and neurological disorders/injuries and experts in preconditioning join forces to discuss the latest progress in basic sciences, translational research, and clinical management strategies relating to these conditions. The range of topics covered is wide, including microglia, energy metabolism, trace metals and ion channels, vascular biology, cellular treatment, hemorrhagic stroke, novel technological advances, anesthesia and medical gases, pediatric brain edema, neuroimaging, behavioral assessment, clinical trials, peripheral to central signaling pathways, preconditioning translation, and animal models for preconditioning and brain edema research. The book comprises presentations from Brain Edema 2014, the joint meeting of the 16th International Conference on Brain Edema and Cellular Injury and the 3rd Symposium on Preconditioning for Neurological Disorders, held in Los Angeles on September 27-30, 2014.

This volume provides an overview of the current evidence-based medical and surgical practice in emergency conditions in colorectal cancer patients. It offers a multidisciplinary perspective, taking into account the specific characteristics of colorectal cancer patients, the necessary pre-operative assessment, the endoscopic and radiological management, and the surgical treatments. Each chapter is supplemented with tables, figures, key-point boxes, schematic representations, and decision-making trees that serve as easy-to-use tools to apply in the different scenarios requiring acute care. Recommendations for best practice and the main reference articles are included for each topic, as well as numerous illustrated clinical cases with cilnical and empirical evidence regarding the surgical management of colorectal cancer. Specific technical aspects of the different surgical interventions and approaches (e.g., open surgery, laparoscopy, and robotics) are also detailed. This book is intended for residents and emergency surgeons, as well as all practictioners who treat colorectal cancer patients, such as gastroenterologists, oncologists, and radiologists.

This book provides a detailed overview of techniques in paediatric anaesthesia. Beginning with the basic principles of child anatomy, growth and development, the following section explains general principles of anaesthetising a child, from preoperative evaluation and induction, to monitoring, pain assessment, ventilation strategies, and transfusion therapy. The book covers anaesthesia for numerous sub-specialties including neonatal surgery, ENT procedures, dentistry, liver disease, thoracic surgery, ophthalmic procedures, and much more. The final sections describe special circumstances and complications, and associated topics such as safety and quality, and ethical issues. Comprehensive appendices provide an index of syndromes and anaesthetic implications, a paediatric drug index, quick reference tables and formulae, and a photo gallery. Key points Presents overview of techniques in paediatric anaesthesia Covers numerous sub-specialties, special circumstances and complications Discusses associated topics including safety and quality, and ethical issues Comprehensive appendices provide indexes of syndromes, anaesthetic implications and drug dosages, as well as quick reference tables and a photo gallery

An indispensible pocket reference for critical care trainees, consultants and intensive care nurses, this new Oxford Specialist Handbook provides an evidence-based approach to all aspects of patient care in cardiothoracic intensive care. Written in the Oxford Handbook format, each section is comprised of short topics ideal for quick reference. Portable, accessible, and reliable, the book equips the clinician with the basic scientific and clinical knowledge to safely assist in formulating management plans, based on current best practice. Cardiothoracic Critical Care addresses major recent developments in cardiothoracic critical care, such as cardiovascular support, mechanical support (IABP, VADS, and ECMO), and drug therapies such as nitric oxide and other new inotropic agents. The management of postoperative bleeding is covered in detail, as it increasingly involves updated fluid and blood-product therapies including blood preservation techniques such as cell salvage.

Promotes ease of understanding through a unique problem-solving method and new clinical application scenarios! With a focus on chemistry and physics content that is directly relevant to the practice of anesthesia, this text-written in an engaging, conversational style- supplies all the scientific information required for the combined chemistry and physics course for nurse anesthesia students. Now in its third edition, the text is updated and reorganized to facilitate a greater ease and depth of understanding. The addition of a third author-a practicing nurse anesthetist-enhances the clinical relevance of the scientific information. Clinical scenarios now begin every chapter, and a concluding chapter, new to this edition, provides detailed, step-by-step solutions to the book's review questions. Also included is a comprehensive list of need-to-know equations.The third edition retains the many outstanding learning features from earlier editions, including a special focus on gases, the use of illustrations to demonstrate how scientific concepts relate directly to their clinical application in anesthesia, and end-of-chapter summaries and review questions to facilitate self-assessment. Fifteen online videos enhance teaching and learning, and abundant clinical application scenarios help reinforce scientific principles and relate them to day-to-day anesthesia procedures. This clear, easy-to-read text will help even the most chemistry- and physics-phobic students to master the foundations of these sciences and competently apply them in a variety of clinical situations. New to the Third Edition: Increased focus on clinical relevance Revised and updated chapters foster ease of understanding Clinical application scenarios open each chapter A new Chapter provides guidance about calculator use and a unique problem-solving method Detailed step-by-step solutions clarify answers to end-of-chapter problems Comprehensive list of all key equations with explanation of symbols New instructor materials, including PowerPoint slides Updated information on the gas laws Key Features: Written in an engaging, informal style for ease of understanding Focuses solely on chemistry and physics principles relevant to nurse anesthetists Provides end-of-chapter summaries and review questions Fifteen online videos enhance teaching and learning Includes abundant illustrations that apply theory to practice

Written by experts at the top-ranked Hospital for Special Surgery in New York, Perioperative Care of the Orthopedic Patient is a comprehensive, multidisciplinary manual providing preoperative considerations, postoperative complications, and guidelines for the anesthetic and medical management of patients undergoing orthopedic surgery. Beginning with chapters covering preoperative evaluations and general principles and practices of perioperative medicine, the book then considers anesthesiologic management in orthopedic surgery and the role of postoperative pain management. This is followed by a section on medical management in specific clinical settings, discussing patients with connective tissue disease, cardiac disease, chronic pulmonary and renal diseases, diabetes and psychiatric and neurological diseases. A fourth section covers specific perioperative problems in orthopedic surgery, such as care of the elderly patient, venous thromboembolism, infection, nutrition, compartment syndrome, and bone health. Finally, the role of allied services, quality improvement and ethics are highlighted, and selected case studies are included to illustrate real-world perioperative issues and management strategies in orthopedic surgery. A comprehensive yet concise reference, Perioperative Care of the Orthopedic Patient will be an invaluable resource for orthopedic surgeons, sports medicine specialists and any professional involved in orthopedic surgery.

The clinical practice of anesthesia has undergone many advances in the past few years, making this the perfect time for a new state-of-the-art anesthesia textbook for practitioners and trainees. The goal of Essential Clinical Anesthesia is to provide a modern, clinically focused textbook giving rapid access to comprehensive, succinct knowledge from experts in the field. All clinical topics of relevance to anesthesiology are organized into 29 sections consisting of more than 180 chapters. The print version contains 166 chapters that cover all of the essential clinical topics, while an additional 17 chapters on subjects of interest to the more advanced practitioner can be freely accessed at www.cambridge.org/vacanti. Newer techniques such as ultrasound nerve blocks, robotic surgery, and transesophageal echocardiography are included, and numerous illustrations and tables assist the reader in rapidly assimilating key information. This authoritative text is edited by distinguished Harvard Medical School faculty, with contributors from many of the leading academic anesthesiology departments in the United States and an introduction from Dr. S. R. Mallampati. Essential Clinical Anesthesia is your essential companion when preparing for board review and recertification exams and in your daily clinical practice.

Hypnosis, amnesia, and immobility are three major therapeutic endpoints of general anesthesia. In one to two cases out of a thousand, hypnosis and amnesia are not achieved - often leaving a patient immobile but capable of experiencing and remembering intraoperative events. Awareness during general anesthesia is one of the most dreaded complications of surgery and is feared by patients and clinicians alike. Despite many advances in the field, there are also a number of unresolved questions that persist. Some of the difficulties in the detection and prevention of awareness during anesthesia relate to the underlying complexities of the neuroscientific basis of consciousness. Consciousness, Awareness, and Anesthesia is a multidisciplinary approach to both the scientific problem of consciousness and the clinical problem of awareness during general anesthesia. An international cadre of authors with expertise in anesthesiology, neurobiology, and philosophy provides a cutting-edge perspective. No other book on the subject has drawn from such a breadth of scholarship.

Total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA) is an innovative alternative to traditional inhalational anaesthesia. Often incorrectly perceived as overly complex, TIVA has numerous advantages over inhalational drugs, such as a lower risk of nausea, less pain and better cognitive recovery. Taking on TIVA is a practical, easy to read and engaging guide to TIVA. It demystifies this important technique and will empower the novice but also support more experienced practitioners. It is a clear step-by-step approach to treating everything from routine elective to paediatric, geriatric, obese and pregnant patients. Pharmacokinetic models, dosage calculations, and the use of TIVA in emergency medicine are also elucidated. Written by international experts in the field with many years of experience both conducting and teaching TIVA, this handbook is an essential resource for experienced and novice anaesthetists alike who want to improve their understanding and confidence with the technique.

The stories behind drug discovery are fascinating, full of human and scientific interest. This is a book on the history of drug discovery that highlights the intellectual splendor of discoverers as well as the human frailty associated them. History is replete with examples of breakthrough medicines that have saved millions of lives. Ether as an anesthetic by Morton; penicillin as an antibiotic by Fleming; and insulin as an anti-diabetic by Banting are just a few examples. The discoverers of these medicines are doubtlessly benefactors to mankind--for instance, without penicillin, 75% of us probably would not be alive because some of our parents or grandparents would have succumbed to infections.
Dr. Jack Li, a medicinal chemist who is intimately involved with drug discovery, has assembled an astounding amount of facts and information behind important drugs through extensive literature research and interviews with many inventors of the drugs including Viagra and Lipitor. There have been many myths and inaccuracies associated with those legendary drugs. The inventors perspectives afforded this book an invaluable accuracy and insight because history is not history unless it is true.
The text is supplemented by many anecdotes, pictures and postage stamps. Both specialist and layman will find Laughing Gas, Viagra, and Lipitor informative and entertaining. Students in chemistry, pharmacy, and medicine, workers in healthcare and high school science teachers will find this book most useful.

Anatomy questions are asked in all parts of the FRCA examinations, and for many trainees it is a particularly daunting part of the exams. This important new book provides a comprehensive, exam-orientated clinical anatomy book for anaesthetists preparing for all parts of the FRCA. It covers all body regions, relating underlying anatomy to practical procedures and anatomical principles, spanning the breadth of the curriculum and comprising exam-style questions: a chapter of SAQ questions, one of OSCE stations, one of SOE questions and one of MCQs. The text is highly illustrated in full colour with ultrasound images, diagrams and photographs of cadaveric material and models. This is the first anatomy book specifically orientated for the FRCA exam, making it an essential resource for anaesthetists preparing for all parts of the FRCA examination.

Prepare with confidence for the Final FRCA with this dedicated guide featuring 300 original single best answer questions (SBAs) covering the whole breadth of the RCOA basic and intermediate curricula. SBAs correspond to the Royal College of Anaesthetist's units of training, so candidates can focus their revision in each sub-specialty area, such as paediatrics, neuroanaesthesia, and pain management. Individuals can track their progress, identify gaps in their knowledge, and target their ongoing revision as needed, assured that chapters cover all aspects of the curriculum as required for the exam. A final mock chapter allows candidates to rehearse for real exam conditions. Written by a team of consultant anaesthetists and active educators, these original and high-quality questions have been developed over years of clinical experience and critical incidents as well as the authors' own revision courses. Each question is accompanied by detailed answers, explanations, and further reading. This invaluable resource also includes advice on SBA technique making this the only guide you need for SBAs in the Final FRCA Written Paper.

Authored by top anesthetists, this Second Edition of Primary FRCA in a Box contains over 200 revision flashcards addressing almost all the topics needed to pass the Primary FRCA. Broad and wide-ranging subject areas are covered in easy-to-learn note format, including physiology, pharmacology, physics, and clinical measurement. The cards include key diagrams to aid understanding and are easy to reproduce in the oral exam.The cards include key diagrams to aid understanding and are easy to reproduce in the oral exam. Using standard question formats from the Royal College exams, Primary FRCA in a Box is an essential tool for effective revision and preparation for the Primary FRCA exams. It also provides essential revision for candidates studying for the Final FRCA exam who wish to have a concise review of Primary FRCA topics. These flashcards are recommended for all qualified and trainee anaesthetists and their trainers, and related health professionals.

This textbook is a fully updated and revised third edition of a highly successful practical guide to the care of the polytrauma patient. Broadening its readership to students, this new edition comprehensively describes the clinical course of multiple and severe injuries, from the accident scene to rehabilitation.It provides essential practical information on the care of patients both with blunt and penetrating trauma to multiple body regions, and discusses the management of truncal injuries (head, chest, abdomen) as well as fractures of the extremities, pelvis and spine. Further, the book highlights associated injuries that may alter decisions concerning patients with polytrauma. This new, revised edition takes full account of recent developments, including the increasing economic pressure on health care systems, prehospital treatment, changes in trauma systems and related education, and the improved survival of polytrauma patients. Also covering improved monitoring options along with issues in late patient outcomes and rehabilitation this work will greatly assist students, emergency personnel, trauma surgeons, orthopaedic traumatologists, and anesthesiologists.

The Oxford Specialist Handbook in Paediatric Anaesthesia returns for a new edition with updated practical management advice, and detailed perioperative plans for a wide selection of basic and advanced paediatric procedures. Invaluable to trainees and consultants alike, this go-to guide details current techniques in a concise and rapid manner, describing how to approach each case. It covers everything from pharmacology, preoperative assessment, and the basic principles of anaesthetic care, to advanced vascular access, pain management, and neonatal surgery. With additional speciality chapters containing both elective and emergency cases, it is the ideal companion to all aspects of paediatric anaesthesia. * Features up-to-date information on fasting guidelines, pregnancy testing and thromboprophylaxis * Covers patient care from pre-operative assessment to post-operative care. * Contains detailed chapters on advanced airway management, advanced vascular access, and regional anaesthesia. * Includes easy-to-follow perioperative plans for all the common elective and emergency procedures. * New section on resuscitation, transfers, and emergencies.

This book uses real-world clinical case analyses of hot topics to provide insights into noninvasive mechanical ventilation (NIV). Written by leading international teachers and experts, it features a selection of "major controversial topics in clinical practice" and demonstrates how these cases can be used to teach about NIV. It then presents a discussion of the topics in various scenarios (anesthesiology, critical care, emergency, pneumology and sleep medicine, as well). The chapters allow readers to develop a case-by-case understanding of NIV in acute and chronic respiratory disorders, and perioperative and in intensive care patients, also thanks to Electronic Supplementary Materials. Lastly the authors summarize five key points / recommendations. This book is an attractive resource also for universities / educational seminars / national and international postgraduate courses and hot-topics sessions at national/international congresses.

This book focuses on subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), describing in detail the neurophysiology, anatomy, epidemiology, grading, anesthesia management, coiling and interventional treatment of this dangerous disease. Written by leading international experts, it highlights the state-of-the-art techniques for the diagnosis and treatment (non-surgical and surgical) of SAH and the clinical variations. It also examines the reliability of the new techniques versus the standard clinical methods to predict problems related to SAH and its recent diagnosis and management. The book starts with a brief discussion of the epidemiology of SAH, cerebral circulation, anatomy of brain blood vessels and neurophysiology related to this fatal disease. Then, in the following chapters it covers grading of subarachnoid hemorrhage, anesthesia management of SAH, treatment, subarachnoid hemorrhage coiling and radiological intervention. Lastly, it explores surgical treatment of intracranial aneurysms in more detail, and addresses complications, critical care management and headache in SAH, traumatic SAH and prognosis. Featuring numerous images, tables, schema, illustrations and videos, the book is intended for junior and senior anesthesiologists, neuroscientists, intervention radiologists, intensivists and neurosurgeons.

This book discusses all thoracic diseases of surgical interest, from thorax malformations to airways disorders. It is divided into six main sections; the first two analyze general aspects, while the following three focus on malformations of the thorax, airways, esophagus and diaphragm. The final section describes the main pediatric tumors involving the chest and internal thoracic organs. Each chapter starts with a classification of the main pathologies related to the anatomical region considered. For each pathology, the various aspects of the diagnostic-therapeutic procedure are described in details - from the clinical presentation and diagnosis to the pre-operative preparation, the surgical aspects, and the post-operative course. Possible future developments are also evaluated. The volume will be a useful tool for specialists in pediatric and thoracic surgery, but will also represent an educational resource for medical and nursing students.

A thoroughly revised second edition providing the knowledge and evidence-base needed for the perioperative practitioner, clarifying the underlying principles needed for an understanding of anaesthetic, surgical, and recovery practice. This book defines the level of knowledge required for perioperative practitioners and provides a comprehensive reference to the principles and practice of modern operating department practice. Featuring a diverse range of topics, it offers a multidisciplinary overview of new techniques and technologies, changes in medico-legal requirements, changes to professional accountability, and requirements for continuous professional development. Twelve new chapters cover healthcare ethics and professional regulation, health and safety, infection prevention and control, basic patient monitoring, human factors, and perioperative care of the paediatric patient. Incorporating a new focus on the provision of evidence-based practice and holistic care in all areas of perioperative care, this invaluable book is essential reading for anyone working in this sector, in both education and practice.

This extensive and yet easy-to-read book covers technical aspects of the management of difficult acute cholecystitis. It discusses diagnostic evaluation, treatment, and strategies for avoiding and managing complications based on both evidence-based data and the experiences of the editor and the international contributors. Further, it analyses the latest guidelines to find the best clinical applications. Each chapter describes the current diagnostic and management strategies, focusing on a possible risk stratification by scores proposed in literature. Lastly, the book describes the relevant technical considerations and tips and tricks, explaining them in full. Illustrated throughout and including line graphs depicting fundamental anatomic and technical principles, making it easy-to understand, it is a useful toolkit for all residents, fellows and general surgeons needing a guide to the treatment of difficult acute cholecystits.