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Books > Science & Mathematics > Biology, life sciences > Microbiology (non-medical) > General
This book provides useful information on microbial physiology and
metabolism. The key aspects covered are prokaryotic diversity,
growth physiology, basic metabolic pathways and their regulation,
metabolic diversity with details of various unique pathways.
Another focus area is stress physiology with details on varying
environmental stresses, signal transduction, adaptation and
survival. For instructional purposes, the book provides case
studies, interesting facts, techniques etc. which help in
showcasing the inter-disciplinary nature and bridge the gap between
various aspects of applied microbiology.
This book contains over 1200 multiple choice questions based on
biochemistry, environmental microbiology, microbial genetics,
general microbiology, cell biology, industrial microbiology,
immunology and mycology. As most modern evaluations in science are
based on multiple choice questions, this book provides a valuable
resource for those studying microbiology and related fields.
Great Salt Lake is an enormous terminal lake in the western United
States. It is a highly productive ecosystem, which has global
significance for millions of migrating birds who rely on this
critical feeding station on their journey through the American
west. For the human population in the adjacent metropolitan area,
this body of water provides a significant economic resource as
industries, such as brine shrimp harvesting and mineral extraction,
generate jobs and income for the state of Utah. In addition, the
lake provides the local population with ecosystem services,
especially the creation of mountain snowpack that generates water
supply, and the prevention of dust that may impair air quality. As
a result of climate change and water diversions for consumptive
uses, terminal lakes are shrinking worldwide, and this edited
volume is written in this urgent context. This is the first book
ever centered on Great Salt Lake biology. Current and novel data
presented here paint a comprehensive picture, building on our past
understanding and adding complexity. Together, the authors explore
this saline lake from the microbial diversity to the invertebrates
and the birds who eat them, along a dynamic salinity gradient with
unique geochemistry. Some unusual perspectives are included,
including the impact of tar seeps on the lake biology and why Great
Salt Lake may help us search for life on Mars. Also, we consider
the role of human perceptions and our effect on the biology of the
lake. The editors made an effort to involve a diversity of experts
on the Great Salt Lake system, but also to include unheard voices
such as scientists at state agencies or non-profit advocacy
organizations. This book is a timely discussion of a terminal lake
that is significant, unique, and threatened.
This book focuses on the application of nanotechnology in medicine
and drug delivery, including diagnosis and therapy. Nanomedicine
can contribute to the development of a personalized medicine both
for diagnosis and therapy. By interacting with biological molecules
at nanoscale level, nanotechnology opens up an immense field of
research and applications. Interactions between artificial
molecular assemblies or nanodevices and biomolecules can be
understood both in the extracellular medium and inside human cells.
Operating at nanoscale allows exploitation of physical properties
different from those observed at microscale, such as the volume to
surface area ratio. A number of clinical applications of
nanobiotechnology, such as disease diagnosis, target-specific drug
delivery, and molecular imaging are being investigated. Some
promising new products are also undergoing clinical trials. Such
advanced applications of this approach to biological systems will
undoubtedly transform the foundations of diagnosis, treatment, and
prevention of disease in the future. Nanomedicine sales reached $16
billion in 2015, with a minimum of $3.8 billion in nanotechnology
R&D being invested each year. Global funding for emerging
nanotechnology increased by 45% per year in recent years, with
product sales exceeding $1 trillion in 2013. As the nanomedicine
industry continues to grow, it is expected to have a significant
impact on the global economy. This book provides clear, colorful
and simple illustrations, tables, and case studies to clearly
convey the content to a general audience and reader. This book also
discusses the development of nanobiomaterials from biogenic
(biological sources) systems for healthcare and disease therapies.
This book, therefore, is useful for researchers and academicians in
the fields of nanotechnology, medicine, nano-biotechnology and
pharmacology.
This book reviews recent knowledge of the role of gut microbiome in
health and disease. It covers extensive topics for several
diseases, including metabolic-related diseases, allergies,
gastrointestinal diseases, psychiatric diseases, and cancer, while
also discussing therapeutic approaches by microbiota modification.
Comprehensive and cutting-edge, Gut Microbiome-Related Diseases and
Therapies deepens a reader's theoretical expertise in gut
microbiome. Graduate and postdoctoral students, medical doctors,
and biomedical researchers will benefit from this book.
This pioneering book focuses on Neotropical endophytic fungi,
providing a comprehensive overview of their diversity, ecology, and
biotechnological applications in medicine, agriculture, and
industry. Despite their rich diversity, the endophytic fungi
associated with plants of Central and South American biomes remain
largely unknown. The book addresses that knowledge gap by offering
insights into Neotropic endophytic fungal community.
This volume provides a comprehensive overview of the major
applications and potential of fungal biotechnology. The respective
chapters report on the latest advances and opportunities in each
topic area, proposing new and sustainable solutions to some of the
major challenges faced by modern society. Aimed at researchers and
biotechnologists in academia and industry, it represents essential
reading for anyone interested in fungal biotechnology, as well as
those working within the broader area of microbial biotechnology.
Written in an accessible language, the book also offers a valuable
reference resource for decision-makers in government and at
non-governmental organizations who are involved in the development
of cleaner technologies and the global bioeconomy. The 21st century
is characterized by a number of critical challenges in terms of
human health, developing a sustainable bioeconomy, facilitating
agricultural production, and establishing practices that support a
cleaner environment. While there are chemical solutions to some of
these challenges, developing bio-based approaches is becoming
increasingly important. Filamentous fungi, 'the forgotten kingdom,'
are a group of unique organisms whose full potential has yet to be
revealed. Some key properties, such as their exceptional capacity
to secrete proteins into the external environment, have already
been successfully harnessed for the production of industrial
enzymes and cellulosic biofuels. Many further aspects discussed
here -such as feeding the hungry with fungal protein, and the
potential applications of the various small molecules produced by
fungi -warrant further exploration. In turn, the book covers the
use of fungal cell factories to produce foreign molecules, e.g. for
therapeutics. Strategies including molecular approaches to strain
improvement, and recent advances in high-throughput technologies,
which are key to finding better products and producers, are also
addressed. Lastly, the book discusses the advent of synthetic
biology, which is destined to greatly expand the scope of fungal
biotechnology. The chapter "Fungal Biotechnology in Space: Why and
How?" is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution
4.0 International License at link.springer.com.
Functional foods and nutraceuticals are food products that
naturally offer or have been modified to offer additional health
benefits beyond basic nutrition. As such products have surged in
popularity in recent years, it is crucial that researchers and
manufacturers understand the concepts underpinning functional foods
and the opportunity they represent to improve human health, reduce
healthcare costs, and support economic development worldwide.
Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals: Bioactive Components,
Formulations and Innovations presents a guide to functional foods
from experienced professionals in key institutions around the
world. The text provides background information on the health
benefits, bioavailability, and safety measurements of functional
foods and nutraceuticals. Subsequent chapters detail the bioactive
components in functional foods responsible for these health
benefits, as well as the different formulations of these products
and recent innovations spurred by consumer demands. Authors
emphasize product development for increased marketability, taking
into account safety issues associated with functional food
adulteration and solutions to be found in GMP adherence. Various
food preservation methods aimed at enhancing the quality and shelf
life of functional food are also highlighted. Functional Foods and
Nutraceuticals: Bioactive Components, Formulations and Innovations
is the first of its kind, designed to be useful to students,
teachers, nutritionists, food scientists, food technologists and
public health regulators alike.
In this book, researchers and practitioners working in the field
present the major promises of algae biotechnology and they
critically discuss the challenges arising from applications. Based
on this assessment, the authors explore the great scientific,
industrial and economic potential opened up by algae biotechnology.
The first part of the book presents recent developments in key
enabling technologies, which are the driving force to unleash the
enormous potential of algae biotechnology. The second part of the
book focuses on how practical applications of algae biotechnology
may provide new solutions to some of the grand challenges of the
21st century. Algae offer great potential to support the building
of a bio-based economy and they can contribute new solutions to
some of the grand challenges of the 21st century. Despite
significant progress, algae biotechnology is yet far from
fulfilling its potential. How to unleash this enormous potential is
the challenge that the own field is facing. New cultivation
technologies and bioprocess engineering allow for optimization of
the operation strategy of state-of the art industrial-scale
production systems and they reduce the production costs. Parallel
to this, new molecular technologies for genetic and metabolic
engineering of (micro)algae develop quickly. The optimization of
existing biochemical pathways or the introduction of pathway
components makes high-yield production of specific metabolites
possible. Novel screening technologies including high-throughput
technologies enables testing of extremely large numbers of samples
and, thus, allow for large scale modelling of biomolecular
processes, which would have not been possible in the past.
Moreover, profitable production can demand for integrated
biorefining, which combines consecutive processes and various
feedstocks to produce both transportation fuel, electric energy and
valuable chemicals.
This book offers a comprehensive introduction to electron-based
bioscience, biotechnology, and biocorrosion. It both explains the
importance of electron flow during metabolic processes in
microorganisms and provides valuable insights into emerging
applications in various fields. In the opening section, readers
will find up-to-date information on topics such as electron
transfer reactions, extracellular electron transfer mechanisms,
direct interspecies electron transfer, and electron uptake by
sulfate-reducing bacteria. The focus then shifts to
state-of-the-art advances and applications in the field of
biotechnology. Here, the coverage encompasses e.g. progress in
understanding electrochemical interactions between microorganisms
and conductive particles, enzymatic reactions and their application
in the bioproduction of useful chemicals, and the importance of
redox balance for fatty acid production. In closing, the book
addresses various aspects of the complex phenomenon of
microbiologically induced corrosion, highlighting novel insights
from the fields of electromicrobiology and electrochemistry and
their implications.
The increased demand due to anthropogenic activity leads to
emerging contaminants, resulting in a substantial environmental
hazard. The long-term presence and exposure of contaminants lead to
severe negative impacts on the environment, humans, and other life
forms. Hence, emerging contaminants in the environment is a
worldwide concern, and new technologies to mitigate these
contaminants are being developed. This book covers the source,
occurrence, toxicity, and detection techniques of a wide range of
emerging contaminants. This collection also discusses the scope and
applications of diverse techniques, including Bio/Phyto and
Nano-remediation technologies, to mitigate the emerging
contaminants; along with their sustainability issue and prospects.
As a result, this book appears to provide insight into several
modern and environmentally friendly waste management options, the
possibility to minimize and lessen the effects of contaminants, and
striving to lower toxicological endpoints to assure environmental
safety. This book delivers the most recent advancements by
prominent specialists in environmental sciences to academics,
researchers, students, and practitioners interested in the
identification and eradication of emerging pollutants from the
environment.
This book provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of
knowledge on plant-microbiome interactions and associations. It
covers all major mechanistic approaches used to investigate
microbes' impacts on plant growth promotion, disease control and
health. The industrial manufacture of nitrogen currently accounts
for roughly 2% of the world's total energy consumption. Microbial
products are expected to reduce the need for costly fertilizers, as
well as chemical pesticides and fungicides. While beneficial
microorganisms are increasingly being used in agriculture, abiotic
and biotic stresses such as heat, drought, cold, and salt can
quickly kill or render them useless in the field. However,
discovering new and better treatments is a lengthy process due to
the considerable microbial diversity found in soils. Researchers
have now proposed using biotechnological approaches to accelerate
the process of microbial technology development. The fact that
plant-associated microbes stimulate plant growth and development is
well known, as the examples of rhizobia and mycorrhizal fungi show.
The mechanisms by which these microorganisms maintain plant growth
include the production of phytohormones, fixation of nitrogen, and
the mobilization of phosphorus and minerals. The plant microbiome
is also involved in pathogen suppression, and especially the root
microbiome acts as a protective shield against soil-borne
pathogens. A special feature of this book is its multidisciplinary
approach, spanning from plant microbiology/biocontrol, fungal and
bacterial endophytes, plant physiology, to biochemistry, proteomics
and genomics. It is ideally suited for researchers and student of
agri-biotechnology, soil biology and fungal biology.
There is a growing global awareness of the link between good diet
and health. This fascinating book reviews various functional foods
or nutraceuticals and the bio-active compounds they contain in
order to identify the role of bioactive compounds such as nisin,
micronutrients, and hydrocolloids in the diet in overall human
health. It also provides up-to-date information on functional
elements like antioxidants, dietary fibres, pre & probiotics,
vitamins and mineral-enriched foods in the human diet. Consisting
of fifteen chapters, the book offers a systematic review of the key
factors in the preparation of functional foods from selected
sources, and also describes the processing, preservation and
packaging of a range of functional food products. This book is a
valuable resource for students and researchers working in the field
of food science, food technology, and nutrition, as well as for
industry experts.
Nanotechnology progresses its concerts and suitability by improving
its effectiveness, security and also reducing the impact and risk.
Various chapters in this book are written by eminent scientists and
prominent researchers in the field of nanotechnology across the
world. This book is focused to put emerging techniques forward
using nanoparticles for safe and nutritional food production,
protecting crops from pests, increasing nutritional value and
providing solutions for various environmental issues. The outcome
of this book creates a path for wide usage of nanoparticles in
food, agriculture and the environment fields. This book has clear
and simple illustrations, tables and case studies to understand the
content even by non-experts. This book especially deals with the
nanotechnology for controlling plant pathogens, food packaging and
preservation, agricultural productivity, waste water treatment and
bioenergy production. Hence, this book can be adopted and used by
many researchers and academicians in the fields of food,
agriculture, environment and nanotechnology for catering the needs
of sustainable future. The salient features of this book are *
Describes nanotechnology as an interdisciplinary and emerging field
in life sciences* Useful for researchers in the cutting edge life
science related fields of nanoscience, nanobiology and
nanotechnology* Deal with various problems in food, agriculture and
environmental sector for sustainable solutions through the
application of nanotechnology* Supported with illustrations in
color, tables and case studies (wherever applicable), and *
Contributed and well written by nanotechnology experts from across
various disciplines
The aim of this book is to present, in depth, updated information
on soil and microbial processes involved in mixed plantations of
Eucalyptus and N2-fixing species, especially Acacia mangium,
focusing on Forestry, Soils, Biology, Ecosystem Services and
Sustainability. The potential of substituting chemical N fertilizer
by a consortium of leguminous species that fix atmospheric nitrogen
is an interesting solution for a more sustainable, economically and
environmentally sound forest system. Among the main topics, we
present reference topics on soil microbiology, as biological
nitrogen fixation, the role of mycorrhiza in mixed plantations,
bio-indicators of soil quality, and plantgrowth promoting bacteria
with biotechnological potential. Here we discuss Ecosystem services
and ecological benefits of these systems, the invasive potential of
A.mangium, as well as the regulations and perspectives of land use
policies for mixed forests and their role in the sustainability of
the system.
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