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Books > Medicine > Pre-clinical medicine: basic sciences > Human reproduction, growth & development > Reproductive medicine > General
This book provides a comprehensive overview of the structural,
nanotribological and nanomechanical properties of skin with and
without cream treatment as a function of operating environment. The
biophysics of skin as the outer layer covering human or animal body
is discussed as a complex biological structure. Skin cream is used
to improve skin health and create a smooth, soft, and flexible
surface with moist perception by altering the surface roughness,
friction, adhesion, elastic modulus, and surface charge of the skin
surface.
This book analyzes the basic science and treatment of male factor
infertility with Dr. Silber's characteristic honesty and clear
thinking. It describes finally what works and what doesn't work. It
will inspire everyone in reproductive medicine (Gynecologists,
Urologists, Embryologists and Endocrinologists) who wish to better
understand male infertility.
Reproductive biology is more than the development of techniques for
helping with too little or too much breeding. While some of the
relevant techniques are useful for individual species, technical
developments have to be backed up by thorough biological
understanding of the background behind the problems. This book is
therefore threefold; (1) it provides a snapshot of the state of the
art in terms of species-specific reproductive technologies, whether
for individual animals or whole taxonomic groups; (2) it sets the
reproductive problems in context and emphasizes the links between
animal-based problems and the wider world, e.g. reproductive
fitness and (3) it looks forward and presents realistic assessments
of how effective some of the more recently developed techniques in
reproductive technology might be at combating extinctions. This is
a wide-ranging book that will be relevant to anyone involved in
reproductive biology or in species conservation and provides
provide them some useful perspectives about the real utility of
current and emerging technologies. It has contributions from
experts in reproduction and related fields.
This book presents a timely collection of reviews by experts in
periconception and fertilization. The book provides a good
introduction for those new to the field as well as those who have
worked in this field for some time, but not have been able to keep
up-to-date with recent advances on the topic. The book reviews the
current knowledge in this field, then focuses its attention on
short-term and long-term effects of the periconception period, both
from a physiological and medical perspective. Finally the volume
covers the examination of the potential mechanisms involved in
controlling periconception period. From the early days of discovery
about the basics of the fertilization process, scientists have
known that early events happening during conception play a major
part in the creation of new offspring. However, until nearly a
decade ago we thought these events were just concerned with the
conception and nothing to do with lifelong health and welfare, or
wellbeing of the offspring. Early indications from IVF in sheep and
cattle suggested that the embryo culture conditions employed in the
laboratory could result in unusually large and unhealthy offspring.
These observations sounded alarm bells and stimulated research into
the impacts of in vivo and in vitro conditions on the health of
embryos and offspring. This book provides a summary of the
state-of-the-art research being done to more fully understand the
importance of the periconception environment.
This book provides a resource of current understandings about
various aspects of the biology of spermatogonia in mammals.
Considering that covering the entire gamut of all things
spermatogonia is a difficult task, specific topics were selected to
provide foundational information that will be useful for seasoned
researchers in the field of germ cell biology as well as
investigators entering the area. Looking to the future, the editors
predict that the foundational information provided in this book --
combined with the advent of new tools and budding interests in use
of non-rodent mammalian models -- will produce another major
advance in knowledge regarding the biology of spermatogonia over
the next decade. In particular, we anticipate that the core
molecular machinery driving different spermatogonial states in
most, if not all, mammals will be described fully, the extrinsic
signals emanating from somatic support cell populations to
influence spermatogonial functions will become fully known, and the
capacity to derive long-term cultures of SSCs and transplant the
population to regenerate spermatogenesis and fertility will become
a reality for higher order mammals.
This second edition offers an expanded and updated history of the
field of fetal and neonatal development, allowing readers to gain a
comprehensive understanding of the biological aspects that
contribute to the wellbeing or pathophysiology of newborns. In this
concluding opus of a long and prominent career as a clinical
scientist, Dr. Longo has invited new contributions from noted
colleagues with expertise in various fields to provide a historical
perspective on the impact of how modern concepts emerged in the
field of fetal physiology and contributed to the current attention
paid to the fetal origins of diseases in adults. In addition to new
chapters on maternal physiology and complications during pregnancy,
others trace the history of the Society for Reproductive
Investigation, governmental funding of perinatal research, and
major initiatives to support training in the new discipline of
maternal fetal medicine, including the Reproductive Scientist
Development program. The extensive survey provided by the author,
who personally knew most of the pioneers in the field, offers a
unique guide for all clinical and basic scientists interested in
the history of - and future approaches to diagnosing and treating -
pathologies that represent the leading causes of neonatal mortality
and, far too often, life-long morbidity.
This book summarizes the contributions at an April 2016 conference
held at Albany Medical College, Reproductive Ethics: New Challenges
and Conversations. Reproductive ethics does not suffer from a lack
of challenging issues, yet a few "hot button" issues such as
abortion and surrogacy seem to attract most of the attention, while
other issues and dilemmas remain relatively underdeveloped in
bioethics literature. The goal of this book is to explore and
expand the range of topics addressed in reproductive ethics. This
is a multi-disciplinary book bringing together philosophers,
clinicians, sociologists, anthropologists, and other scholars whose
research or clinical interests touch reproductive issues. The
results of this compilation are a comprehensive and unique
discussion of the evolving issues in the rapidly changing field.
The majority of the popular reproductive ethics anthologies were
published at least 10 years ago. The field of reproductive ethics
would benefit from a new anthology that addresses some of the
perennial dilemmas in reproductive ethics (e.g. abortion, sex
selection) from updated perspectives and that also covers new
technologies that have emerged only in the last few years, such as
social egg freezing.
The over-arching goal of this volume is to help infertility
practitioners evaluate and manage their patients with poor semen
quality. The authors review the existing literature on the effects
of medications on male fertility, and provide detailed information
about what is known, giving the number of individuals and
population characteristics for studies of medication effects on
male fertility. Medications are designed to treat illness and
reduce symptoms, but all have undesirable adverse effects such as
headache or stomach upset. Some adverse reactions can even be
life-threatening, so it is no surprise that some drugs have
negative effects on male reproduction. Medical practitioners rarely
consider a man's reproductive plans when prescribing medications.
Men are routinely treated with drugs that can impair or abolish
fertility. Although practitioners in the field of reproductive
medicine generally realize that certain drugs impact negatively on
reproductive health, there are limited resources providing
evidence-based knowledge useful in counseling patients. Tables
throughout this volume summarize the information for each drug,
providing a handy reference for clinical use.
This book discusses the role of oxidative stress in the
reproductive system. The book reviews endogenous sources, methods
of determining its levels in body fluid/tissues, the physiological
roles of ROS, as well as its negative effects on the human
reproductive processes. Also discussed are multiple extrinsic
factors that could induce oxidative stress in the reproductive
system. This volume covers various clinical pathologies related to
the reproductive system that arise from or produce oxidative
stress, both in the male and female. The use of antioxidants as a
therapeutic measure to keep ROS levels in check are highlighted,
describing the outcome of various clinical studies involving
antioxidant supplementation in infertile patients. Infertility is a
global disease that affects 15-25% of all couples, and oxidative
stress arising from a multitude of sources has been implicated as
one of the major contributing factors to the decline in human
fertility. As such, this book provides an up-to-date review on the
significance of ROS in human reproduction.
Infertility and assisted reproductive technologies in India lie at
the confluence of multiple cultural conceptions. These
'conceptions' are key to understanding the burgeoning spread of
assisted reproductive technologies and the social implications of
infertility and childlessness in India. This longitudinal study is
situated in a number of diverse locales which, when taken together,
unravel the complex nature of infertility and assisted conception
in contemporary India.
This unique book is a comprehensive guide for healthcare providers
who treat patients with complex medical conditions but lack the
resources to address fertility and sexuality concerns and help
patients navigate their fertility decision-making process. It
presents up-to-date information concerning fertility preservation
and restoration for patients with hereditary cancer syndromes,
disorders of sex development, hematologic diseases, genetic
disorders of gonadal dysfunction, immunologic diseases, gynecologic
diseases, endocrine disorders, and autoimmune and inflammatory
diseases. Utilizing a practical, user-friendly format, each chapter
discusses the epidemiology, classification, risk factors and/or
clinical manifestations, and diagnosis and treatment modalities
specific to each condition, as well as the effect of it or its
treatment on fertility and unique options that may exist. Complex
medical conditions are inherently difficult to manage, and
reproductive interventions are often not part of the conversation.
As such, Fertility Preservation and Restoration for Patients with
Complex Medical Conditions will be an excellent resource for
primary care physicians, obstetrician/gynecologists,
endocrinologists, oncologists, and other health professionals
working with patients with fertility concerns. This book, together
with Oncofertility: Fertility Preservation for Cancer Survivors;
Oncofertility: Ethical, Legal, Social, and Medical Perspectives;
Oncofertility Medical Practice: Clinical Issues and Implementation;
Oncofertility Communication: Sharing Information and Building
Relationships across Disciplines; and Pediatric and Adolescent
Oncofertility: Best Practices and Emerging Technologies, provides
scientific and medically relevant information on fertility
preservation from all vantage points and is an indispensable series
for those interested in fertility management in cancer or complex
settings.
This expansive survey spotlights pervasive issues affecting girls'
and women's sexual and reproductive health across the lifecourse.
Research from diverse countries around the world analyzes the
complex relationships among biological, psychological,
sociocultural, and economic issues-particularly in terms of
inequities-as they shape women's lives. Major challenges and
possibilities for intervention are examined in their national
context and with their global implications, including child
marriage/motherhood, reproductive care and access, fertility,
childbearing, contraception, abortion, HIV/STIs, gender-based
violence, sexual pleasure, and menopause. In these forceful
dispatches, a consistent human rights perspective emphasizes
women's control, autonomy, and agency in all stages of their lives.
A sampling of topics covered: Girl child marriage: a persistent
global women's health and human rights violation Investigating
challenges and resilience among women living with obstetric fistula
in Kenya A qualitative exploration of mainstream and social media
reflections on abortion A continuum of severity of sexual intimate
partner violence among black women in the United States Economic
empowerment to improve sexual and reproductive health among women
and girls Summarizing an interdisciplinary field on research and
practical levels, Global Perspectives on Women's Sexual and
Reproductive Health Across the Lifecourse will be an invaluable
text for undergraduate and graduate courses in a wide range of
fields, including public health, global health, women's studies,
sociology, anthropology, gender studies, and human rights.
This Brief explores the use of proteomics as a tool for biomarker
discovery in human reproduction and summarizes current findings and
trends of proteomic studies in both male and female infertility.
This simplifies this important but complex topic and equips the
novice reader with sufficient background information on the use of
proteomics in human reproduction. The up-to-date scenario on
proteomic investigations will also appeal to researchers and post
graduate students looking to keep abreast with the latest
developments in reproductive research. This review summarizes
current findings of contemporary proteomic studies on infertility
in both males and females with various reproductive pathologies,
and its use in predicting the outcome of assisted reproduction. In
human reproduction, the search for biomarkers via proteomics is a
fast-evolving approach that involves the analysis of proteins in
the reproductive tissues and fluids, such as the male gametes,
seminal plasma, ovarian and endometrial tissue, and follicular and
uterine fluid. By comparing the protein profile of a healthy,
fertile individual against that of an infertile individual, the
differentially expressed proteins may give an indication to certain
proteins that could serve as useful biomarkers that are related to
infertility. As proteomic studies continue to unravel the dynamic
proteome behind various infertility conditions, there is potential
for the discovery of prognostic markers that could ultimately help
in both natural and assisted human reproduction.
This book addresses the impacts of current and future reproductive
technologies on our world food production and provides a
significant contribution to the importance of research in the area
of reproductive physiology that has never been compiled before. It
would provide a unique opportunity to separate the impacts of how
reproductive technologies have affected different species and their
contributions to food production. Lastly, no publication has been
compiled that demonstrates the relationship between developments in
reproductive management tools and food production that may be used
a reference for scientists in addressing future research areas.
During the past 50 years assisted reproductive technologies have
been developed and refined to increase the number and quality of
offspring from genetically superior farm animal livestock species.
Artificial insemination (AI), estrous synchronization and
fixed-time AI, semen and embryo cryopreservation, multiple
ovulation and embryo transfer (MOET), in vitro fertilization, sex
determination of sperm or embryos, and nuclear transfer are
technologies that are used to enhance the production efficiency of
livestock species.
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