This comprehensive and authoritative book aims to encompass the best and current practices in the field of contemporary food packaging. It covers various aspects of packaging, including challenges and their solutions, innovations, and environmental concerns. Written by experts working in the field, the content is supported by technical/statistical data, practical examples, case studies, and real-life experiences of academicians and professionals working in the area of food packaging. The book covers challenges in food packaging, systems and materials for packaging, packaging design requirements of the food industry, technology machinery and system, printing and graphics, testing and regulatory aspects, advanced and smart packaging, distribution and logistics in a globalized environment, and sustainable and green packaging. This book will be useful for Packaging Technologists, food scientists, material scientists, policy makers, students, and researchers.

Covers broad areas such as chemical properties, bioactive components and health benefits of tea-based foods Focuses on chemical properties of tea foods, processing technologies, functional food products, and health benefits Explains how the addition of tea extract changes the properties of food and consumers sensory perception

This textbook presents a thorough overview of chemical and process industries. It describes the standard technologies and the state of the industries and the manufacturing processes of specific chemical and allied products. It includes examples of industries in Ghana, highlighting the real-world applications of these technologies. The book introduces new developments in the processes in chemical industry, focuses on the technology and methodology of the processes and the chemistry underlying them. It offers guidance on operating of processing units. Furthermore, it includes sections on safety and environmental pollution control in industry. With a pedagogical and comprehensive approach, utilizing illustrations and tables, this book provides students in chemical engineering and industrial chemistry with a concise and up-to-date overview of this diverse subject.

In the ten years since the first edition of this book appeared there have been significant developments in food process engineering, notably in biotechnology and membrane application. Advances have been made in the use of sensors for process control, and the growth of information technology and on-line computer applications continues apace. In addition, plant investment decisions are increasingly determined by quality assurance considerations and have to incorporate a greater emphasis on health and safety issues. The content of this edition has been rearranged to include descriptions of recent developments and to reflect the influence of new technology on the control and operations of automated plant. Original examples have been retained where relevant and these, together with many new illustrations, provide a comprehensive guide to good practice.

This volume takes an in-depth look at various biological and chemical hazards in food and food products that pose health threats. It also outlines methods and practices for the diagnosis, prevention, and management of these hazards in food production processes. The new scientific research and case studies presented in the volume cover mycotoxins, foodborne pathogens, antibiotic residues from dairy animals, pesticide residues, the presence of heavy metals in food, and more. Chapters also address food allergy management and offer lessons and practices in food recall situations. The authors discuss the various food toxins, their sources, as well as management, mitigation, and prevention strategies. Also addressed are the specific adverse effects on people with health problems such as diabetes, hypertension, cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and more. This book is organized in such a way that each chapter treats one major food safety hazard and offers novel control methods for health, food safety, and quality enhancement through various means. Biological and Chemical Hazards in Food and Food Products: Prevention, Practices, and Management will aid researchers and policymakers as it illustrates the various aspects of food safety hazards and how to analyze and control these potential health threats.

Mass Transfer-Driven Evaporation from Capillary Porous Media offers a comprehensive review of mass transfer-driven drying processes in capillary porous media, including pore-scale and macro-scale experiments and models. It covers kinetics of drying of a single pore, pore-scale experiments and models, macro-scale experiments and models, and understanding of the continuum model from pore-scale studies. The book: Explains the detailed transport processes in porous media during drying. Introduces cutting-edge visualization experiments of drying in porous media. Describes the pore network models of drying in porous media. Discusses the continuum models of drying in porous media based on pore-scale studies. Points out future research opportunities. Aimed at researchers, students and practicing engineers, this work provides vital fundamental and applied information to those working in drying technology, food processes, applied energy, and mechanical and chemical engineering.

* Introduces readers to tips for experimental work * Shows how simple scientific knowledge can be applied in understanding questions * Provides a sound method ("strategy") for calculation in physics and chemistry * Presents important definitions and laws for physical chemistry * Gives confidence in one's calculation skill and problem solving skills * Explore physical and chemical phenomena that occur during cooking

In recent years, consumers have been concentrating on the health benefits and nutrition from food to preserve a healthy lifestyle. They are looking for colorants derived from natural sources to enhance the nutritional and antioxidant value of foods. Coloured cereals (wheat, rice, barley, oat, maize, sorghum, and millets) contain many phytochemicals, including anthocyanins and carotenoids associated with numerous health benefits. This book presents a comprehensive overview of the bioactive potential, food applications, and health benefits of coloured cereal grains. Novel approaches to the integration of coloured grain into food in the food processing industries are included, reviewing high-value pigments in the bran layer which can easily be extracted and utilized as functional foods and natural colorants. Aimed at researchers carrying out innovative studies, food regulatory and safety authorities and food processing industries who are trying to minimize synthetic food colorants and dyes, this book provides a novel approach to the use of substitute synthetic dyes which can improve the nutritional value, appearance, texture, flavour, and storage properties of food products.

This book provides comprehensive coverage of the scientific aspects of cheese, emphasizing fundamental principles. The book's updated 22 chapters cover the chemistry and microbiology of milk for cheesemaking, starter cultures, coagulation of milk by enzymes or by acidification, the microbiology and biochemistry of cheese ripening, the flavor and rheology of cheese, processed cheese, cheese as a food ingredient, public health and nutritional aspects of cheese, and various methods used for the analysis of cheese. The book contains copious references to other texts and review articles.

Keeping produce safe--from the farm to the fork

As health- and quality-conscious consumers increasingly seek out fresh fruit and vegetables, participants in the food supply chain--growers, shippers, processors, and retailers--must be ever more effective in safeguarding their products and protecting consumers. Microbial Hazard Identification in Fresh Fruits and Vegetables is a comprehensive guide for the fresh fruit and vegetable industry to understanding and controlling the hazards that can affect their products on every leg of the journey from farm to fork.
From production, harvesting, packing, and distribution to retail and consumer handling, the text highlights food safety hazards and potential areas of microbial contamination, examines food-borne pathogens and their association with produce-related outbreaks over the years, and points out areas for further research to better understand the survival of pathogens on fresh produce throughout the food chain.
Particularly valuable to the industry are discussions of:
* Food worker hygiene, including control measures and employee training requirements
* Major areas of known contamination and mitigation measures
* Implementation of Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP)
* Contamination and mishandling during storage and transportation, and in retail display cases
* Recommendations for consumer behavior with fresh produce and food handling prior to consumption in the home
* A case study of the economic impact of the 2003 green onion food-borne outbreak
A comprehensive look at both microbial hazards and available measures for their prevention, this book is an essential reference for the fresh fruit and vegetable industry as well as a practical text for the education and training of scientists, professionals, and staff involved in managing food safety.

CONTENTS - INTRODUCTION - 2. SUGARS AND SYRUPS - 3. ARTIFICIAL AND HIGH- POWER SWEETENING AGENTS - 4. ACIDS AND ACIDULATION - 5. WATER AND WATER TREATMENT - 6. FLAVORS AND FLAVORING - 7. SPECIALTY AND FRUIT FLAVORS - 8. EMULSIONS AND SPECIALTIES - 9. COLORS AND COLORING - 10. CARBON DIOXIDE AND CARBONATION - 11. BOTTLING AND CANNING - 12. COMPOSITION OF CARBONATED BEVERAGES - 13. PLANT LAYOUT AND SANITATION - 14. SPOILAGE - 15. CHEMICAL ANALYSIS - INDEX - PREFACE - In this book I have endeavored to present a comprehensive treatment of the manufacture and analysis of carbonated nonalcoholic beverages or carbonated soft drinks as they are commonly called. Each category of the raw materials used in these beverages is considered, namely, sugars and sirups, artificial sweetening agents, acids, water, flavors and flavoring, including specialty and fruit flavors and also flavor emulsions both of the clear and cloudy type, colors and coloring, and carbon dioxide. The actual manufacturing steps are described in detail in the chapter on bottling and canning and, in this connection, bottle washing, caustic solution preparation, plant layout, plant housekeeping, and sanitation are discussed in detail. The composition of the finished beverages by categories is considered. The various types of spoilage that may occur and the means for the prevention of such spoilage are treated in another chapter. Finally the methods of analysis both for control during manufacture and for the determination of composition are detailed. I acknowledge with thanks the cooperation given to me by the American Bottlers of Carbonated Beverages and by several firms. These acknowledgements are given specifically in the text. It may be noted that reference is made to American Bottlers of Carbonated Beverages, the United States Pharmacopeia, and the National Formulary standards and specifications for a number of raw materials. These agencies speak for themselves and their standards are quoted merely as guides for desirable practice. Some beverage, flavor, and color formulations are listed in this book. Some of the compositions mentioned are illustrative of commercial practice while others are of an experimental nature. These formulas have been included to serve as suggestions to the manufacturer; they are not given as a formulary. The application of knowledge of the art and skill may result in the improvement of these formulations. The mention of a particular substance in this book does not in any manner imply that I approve of the use of such a substance.

Natural Substances for Cancer Prevention explores in detail how numerous investigations in chemical biology and molecular biology have established strong scientific evidence demonstrating how the properties of naturally occurring bioactive chemicals hamper all stages of cancers (from initiation to metastasis). Accordingly, important goals for cancer prevention are the modification of our dietary habits and an increase in the intake of more anticancer-related natural substances. More significantly, the bioactive chemicals presented in the functional foods should be readily available, inexpensive, non-toxic, and nutritional.

Discusses the rationale and basis of food systems, traditions of healthy eating, and healthy aging in Korea population and why by 2030 they will be the longest living population on the planet. Reflects on the role of historical, cultural, and traditional food and dietary concepts of Korea and how they have influenced healthy eating habits contributing to health and longevity. Discusses relevance of modern genetic concepts of nutrigenomics and epigenetics, metabolic concepts such as circulation and food concepts such as fermented and functional foods in advancing healthy food concepts and longevity. Provides insights how are large population can advance an integrated holistic food-based approach to longevity and wellness.

Covers modern as well as conventional methods of food industry waste utilization Discusses possible solutions to tackle food waste generation and its further utilization Addresses socioeconomic considerations, environmental concerns and discusses regulations related to food processing wastes

The ten chapters of this textbook, written in a simple but scientific language, encompass all the non-thermal treatments in-depth, from basic concepts to technological advances. The book provides complete study material in a single source including such pedagogical features as multiple-choice questions, solved numerical problems, and short questions. The book begins with a general introduction to the evolution of the non-thermal technique for food preservation. The fundamental mechanism of thermal inactivation of microorganisms and enzymes is discussed. In the following chapters, a set of seven non-thermal techniques have been discussed in detail.

The ten chapters of this textbook, written in a simple but scientific language, encompass all the non-thermal treatments in-depth, from basic concepts to technological advances. The book provides complete study material in a single source including such pedagogical features as multiple-choice questions, solved numerical problems, and short questions. The book begins with a general introduction to the evolution of the non-thermal technique for food preservation. The fundamental mechanism of thermal inactivation of microorganisms and enzymes is discussed. In the following chapters, a set of seven non-thermal techniques have been discussed in detail.

This book puts together all aspects of valorization of vegetable and fruit wastes (VFWs) into different biocommodities and platform chemicals using fermentation and non-fermentation processes. VFWs are a special group of solid waste (biomass) that needs to be characterized to understand the nature of applications as raw materials and to propose an appropriate methodology for bioprocessing into value-added commodities. VFWs provide favorable conditions for the growth of microorganisms, and this opens up great opportunities for their use in fermentation processes. For example, VFWs can be used as a solid support, carbon, and nutrient source in fermentation for the production of a variety of value-added biocommodities such as enzymes, single-cell proteins, bioadsorbents, phenolic bioactive compounds, aroma and flavor compounds, and platform chemicals like lactic acid, bioethanol, and biobutanol. Researchers and academics in the area of environmental science and engineering, chemical engineering, biotechnology, life science, and food science and technology, undergraduate and graduate students, industry professionals, and policymakers will find this publication useful. Bioprocessing of agro-wastes is a recent technology for developing novel bioproducts. This book will also be of interest to the general public as a reference for all those interested in waste management.

This book provides a comprehensive study of the notion of responsibility in environmental governance. It starts with the observation that, although the rhetoric of responsibility is indeed all-pervasive in environmental and sustainability-related fields, decisive political action is still lacking. Governance architectures increasingly strive to hold different stakeholders responsible by installing accountability and transparency mechanisms to manage environmental problems, yet the structural background conditions affecting these issues continue to generate unevenly distributed, socially unjust, and ecologically devastating consequences. Responsibility in Environmental Governance develops the concept of responsibility as an analytical approach to map and understand these dynamics and to situate diverse meanings of responsibility within larger socio-political contexts. It applies this approach to the study of food waste governance, uncovering a narrow governance focus on accountability, optimization, and consumer behavior change strategies, opening up spaces for organizing more democratic solutions to a truly global problem.

This book presents a detailed overview and critical evaluation of recent advances and remaining challenges in improving nutritional quality and/or avoiding the accumulation of undesirable substances in plants using a variety of strategies based on modern biological tools and techniques. Each review chapter provides an authoritative and insightful account of the various aspects of nutritional enhancement of plants. In the course of the last two decades, several food crops rich in macro- and micronutrients have been developed to improve health and protect a large section of the populace in developing countries from chronic diseases. Providing extensive information on these developments, this book offers a valuable resource for all researchers, students and industrialists working in agriculture, the plant sciences, agronomy, horticulture, biotechnology, food and nutrition, and the soil and environmental sciences.

The volume presents existing and novel management approaches that are in use or have a great potential to be used to maintain the postharvest quality of fresh produce in terms of microbiological safety, nutrition, and sensory quality. In comparison to traditional synthetic chemicals, these eco-friendly molecules are equally effective with respect to slowing the physiological and biochemical changes in harvested produce. Application of terpenic compounds, phenolic compounds, salicylic acid, methyl jasmonates, hydrogen peroxide, ethanol, sulphur compounds, polyamines, plant growth regulators, active carbohydrates, ozone, hexanal and nitric oxide have been proven effective in minimizing storage disorders like chilling injury, scald, fungal diseases like stem-end rot, blue mould rot, green mould rot, anthracnose, regulation of ripening and senescence, etc. This book will be a standard reference work for the management of shelf life in the fresh produce industry.

Presenting compelling and current information about some of the most important food safety issues, this book is an invaluable reference for anyone interested in avoiding foodborne disease or understanding how food safety standards could be improved. Food safety affects everyone. For citizens who live in industrialized nations, it is easy to assume that our foods are always rigorously inspected and assessed for safety. While food safety standards and regulations are in place to protect the consumer public, food safety problems do exist: according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, each year, 48 million Americans are sickened by food,128,000 people are sick enough that they are hospitalized as a result, and 3,000 people die from foodborne pathogens. This third edition of Food Safety: A Reference Handbook examines the history of food safety and describes in detail key events and trends that have created the food safety issues of today. It explores the many controversies concerning food consumption, including contaminants in food, GMOs, factory farm-produced meat, and standards regarding the labeling of food products as well as the ways that these issues have been handled by authorities. Readers will find this book's overview of food safety topics informative and highly accessible. Additionally, the perspectives chapter provides varying viewpoints from food safety professionals and researchers on key issues.

In the dairy aisle of the supermarket, one milk carton features cows grazing on a verdant pasture, backed by a forest and undulating hillside. On another, a cow's wide-eyed face beckons the thirsty drinker. To the casual shopper, such pastoral images proclaim milk's wholesomeness and natural purity. However, the same labels in the dairy case that flaunt meadow flowers and red barns betray a different history, one of human manipulation of milk between farmstead and supermarket. Words on the carton indicate that milk is "Grade A," "pasteurized," "homogenized," and "vitamin fortified." The cartons carry expiration dates and advise that the product be refrigerated. Such adjectives and directives convey a different reality than the pastoral scenes-that harnessing cows' lactation processes requires an extraordinary amount of human effort. On behalf of pure and plentiful milk, Americans have become as reliant on inspectors to monitor cows for diseases and suppliers to keep milk cool as on idyllic agricultural landscapes. Though often conceived of as a pure product of nature, milk's nature had to be perfected for it to become a healthful human food. Milk is not the only food lauded for its natural origins. Nor is it the only food that reaches the marketplace in an altogether different state from that in which it originated. But no other food has so stolidly symbolized natural purity, while simultaneously undergoing dramatic transformations to its material form. How and why has milk been conceptualized as wholly natural, even as it has been churned into manufactured foods like butter and ice cream, and incorporated into products as artificial as Cheez Whiz and wood glue? What ideas and values drove the modification of milk? How have consumers' changing expectations for milk affected the farm people, cows, and rural landscapes central to milk production? This first book explores these questions, connecting the development of dairy farming to changing practices of buying milk products. It traces the processes of milk production and consumption through the stories of four different dairy goods: fluid milk, butter, ice cream, and the detritus of dairy processing (whey, skim milk, and milk proteins).

Discusses information related to chemistry of maize components Comprehensive information on physical and milling properties of maize Explains the structure, functional and antioxidant properties in maize flour Provides the latest scientific development in the modification of maize starch Explores maize based various food products and their storage Discusses maize protein, scenario and quality improvement through bio-fortification