Fundamentals of 3D Food Printing and Applications provides an update on this emerging technology that can not only create complex edible shapes, but also enable the alteration of food texture and nutritional content required by specific diets. This book discusses 3D food printing technologies and their working mechanisms within a broad spectrum of application areas, including, but not limited to, the development of soft foods and confectionary designs. It provides a unique and contemporary guide to help correlate supply materials (edible inks) and the technologies (e.g., extrusion and laser based) used during the construction of computer-aided 3D shapes. Users will find a great reference that will help food engineers and research leaders in food science understand the characteristics of 3D food printing technologies and edible inks.

Starches for Food Application: Chemical, Technological and Health Properties examines the scientific, technological and nutritional knowledge of different types of starches, including their production and application in food, health and the environment. The book covers the links between biosynthesis, structure and the environmental impact on processing and nutrition. In addition, it covers starch identification and evaluation methods, along with production methodologies for food application, new sources of starch, modified starches for food application, and the relationship between starch, nutrition and health.

Sustainable Meat Production and Processing presents current solutions to promote industrial sustainability and best practices in meat production, from postharvest to consumption. The book acts as a guide for meat and animal scientists, technologists, engineers, professionals and producers. The 12 most trending topics of sustainable meat processing and meat by-products management are included, as are advances in ingredient and processing systems for meat products, techno-functional ingredients for meat products, protein recovery from meat processing by-products, applications of blood proteins, artificial meat production, possible uses of processed slaughter co-products, and environmental considerations. Finally, the book covers the preferred technologies for sustainable meat production, natural antioxidants as additives in meat products, and facilitators and barriers for foods containing meat co-products.

Wheat Quality for Improving Processing and Human Health brings together an international group of leading wheat scientists to outline highly relevant and diverse aspects and the latest advances in understanding of the world's most consumed cereal. Topics covered include LMW glutenins, starch-related proteins, and the impact of processing on composition and consumer health. Individual chapters focus on important factors such as FODMAPs, protein structure, dough viscoelasticity and fumonisins. The environmental effects on allergen content are comprehensively covered, as are phenolic compounds and molecular markers. The major quality screening tools and genetic resources are reviewed in depth. Gluten is a major focus of this work with chapters dedicated to health effects, analytical methods and standards, proteomics and mutant proteins. Starting in 2015, wheat quality scientists from across the globe have united to develop the Expert Working Group for Improving Wheat Quality for Processing and Health under the umbrella of the Wheat Initiative. This joint effort provides a framework to establish strategic research and organisation priorities for wheat research at the international level in both developed and developing countries. This Expert Working Group aims to maintain and improve wheat quality for processing and health under varying environmental conditions. The Group focuses on a broad range of wheat quality issues including seed proteins, carbohydrates, nutrition quality and micronutrient content, grain processing and food safety. Bioactive compounds are also considered, both those with negative effects such as allergens and mycotoxins, and those with positive effects such as antioxidants and fibre. The Group also works in the development of germplasm sets and other tools that promote wheat quality research. Wheat quality specialists working on the wheat value chain, and nutritionists will find this book a useful resource to increase and update their knowledge of wheat quality, nutrition and health issues.

This volume identifies gaps in the assessment, management, and communication of food allergen risks. Chapters showcase best practices in managing allergen risks at various stages of the food chain, including during food manufacture/processing; during food preparation in food service, retail food establishments, and in the home; and at the point of consumption. The authors highlight key legislative initiatives that are in various stages of development and implementation at the federal, state and community levels. Finally, the volume includes recommendations for ways to build and strengthen education and outreach efforts at the food industry, government, institutional, and community levels. Chapters come from an array of experts, including researchers and key stakeholders from government, the food industry, retail/food service groups, and consumer groups. The information presented will facilitate the development of educational materials and allergen management training programs for food production and service staff, extension specialists, and government inspectors. Consumers and other food safety professionals will also benefit from information on food allergen control measures that have been put in place across the food chain.

Mycotoxins represent an assorted range of secondary fungal metabolites that extensively occur in numerous food and feed ingredients at any stage during pre- and post-harvest conditions. Mycotoxin contamination in food and feed cause acute and chronic mycotoxicosis, including teratogenic, carcinogenic, oestrogenic, neurotoxic, and immunosuppressive effects and several others health issues. Mycotoxins in Food and Feed presents an overview of all the major mycotoxins, sources of production, chemistry and biosynthesis, occurrence in food and feed, effect on agriculture, effect on human health, detection technique, masked mycotoxins, and management and control strategies. Key Features Provides broad coverage of mycotoxins and their effects on food and feed Includes comprehensive information of occurrence, chemistry, detections methods and management strategies for each toxin Discusses the recent development in detection technologies for major mycotoxins Explores agricultural practices and post-harvest management strategies for managing mycotoxin infestations

Vitamin K: Past, Present, Future Essential for normal blood coagulation, possible roles in bone, vascular, and tumor metabolism, and a nutrient critical to the health of the newborn infant -- these are just some of the many health-promoting aspects of Vitamin K. Vitamin K in Health and Disease navigates the exciting research venues that have opened in the past few years surrounding this micro nutrient, particularly its role in skeletal and cardiovascular health. It also provides the historical timeline of vitamin K research and discovery that began in the 1930s. Comprehensive in scope, this book offers complete coverage of the chemistry of Vitamin K; deficiency signs and nutritional assessment; metabolism and biochemistry; and pharmacology. It also presents up-to-date scientific studies on the nutritional, metabolic, and medical aspects along with a review of current dietary requirements and the difficulty involved in establishing an appropriate dietary reference intake for Vitamin K. Extensive References, More than 45 Illustrations, Numerous Tables Based on John Suttie's 35 years of experience directing a broad vitamin K research program, this work discusses plasma and non-plasma Vitamin K-dependent proteins. It also includes helpful tables on food sources, population intake of Vitamin K, and the impact of diet on the circulating levels of the vitamin - highlighting the role of vitamin K in health and disease. Vitamin K in Health and Disease provides a foundation for future innovations in research and in determining the best ways to implement current knowledge.

This book focuses on the preparation and characterisation of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/ halloysite nanotube (HNT) bionanocomposite films with different HNT contents for potential use in food packaging. It examines the effect of material composition and nanofiller content on mechanical, thermal and optical properties in relation to their morphological structures, and also comprehensively describes the water resistance, biodegradation and migration rates of such bionanocomposites, as well as their barrier properties in terms of water vapour transmission, and water vapour, air and oxygen permeabilities. Further, this book discusses the use of Nielsen model and Cussler model to predict the relative permeability of bionanocomposites, demonstrating that Nielsen model is more effective and in better agreement with experimental data obtained. Lastly, it discusses the application of bionanocomposite films in food packaging to prolong the shelf life of freshly cut avocados and peaches.

Beer is made up of various bioactive substances containing antioxidants and specific ingredients with potentially beneficial effects on the human body if consumed in moderation. In the production process, the addition of hops, cereals, and malt leads to an increased content of naturally occurring antioxidant compounds in beer, mainly phenolic compounds. This book presents information on the history, compositional analysis, and brewing process of craft beers. It covers aspects of fruit fortification to different craft brewed beers and how it will enhance the nutritional composition, antioxidant properties, color and sensory attributes of beers. The alcohol industry continues to grow quickly worldwide, this book provides relevant research literature about the recent studies and experimentation about beers which will be helpful to students, researchers, industrialists, producers, and many others. The incorporation of fruits for the fortification of beers is a topic of interest resulting in the need for more innovative and effective methods and steps in the production of newer variants of beers.

This book investigates the relationships between economies of scale in food consumption and a number of socio-economic and demographic characteristics of households and household behavioural choices since food is the major share of household expenditure for poor households. The characteristics considered comprise household size, location, income, and gender of the head of household while the behavioural choices considered comprise the decision to consume home-grown food and the decision to adopt domestic technology to aid food preparation and consumption. The book proposes two theoretical models to rationalize the role of the consumption of home-grown food and the adoption of domestic technology in enhancing economies of scale in food consumption. Econometric models are also used to empirically test the validity of the two theoretical models while adjusted poverty estimations are derived numerically using the estimated equivalence scales. Although data used in applying these techniques are based on four Household Income and Expenditure Surveys conducted by the Department of Census and Statistics (DCS) in Sri Lanka, the methodology can be used for similar analysis in relation to any other country.

The spread of Pilsner beer from its inception in 1842 clearly shows the changes wrought by globalization in an age of empire. Its rise was dependent not only on technological innovations and faster supply chains, but also on the increased connectedness of the world and the political and economic structures of empire. Drawing upon a wide range of archival sources from Europe, the Americas, and Sub-Saharan Africa, this study traces the spread of industrial beer brewing in Europe from the late 18th to the early 20th century to show how a single beer style became the global favourite through advances in science, business and imperial power. In highlighting the evolution of consumer tastes through changing hierarchical relationships between the British metropole and colonies, as well as the evolution of business organizations and practices, Globalization in a Glass contributes to ongoing debates about globalization, empire, and trade. It argues that, despite the might and power of the British Empire as a colonizing force, the effects of globalization, imperial trade networks, and colonial migration led to the domination of the most popular Continental European style of beer, the Pilsner, over British-style ales.

This work highlights a new research area driven by a material science approach to dairy fats and dairy fat-rich products where innovative dairy products and ingredients can be tailor-made. Cutting edge topics such as tribology of dairy fats and dairy products, manipulation of differentiated-sized milk fat globules, milk fat interesterification for infant formula, structuring of lipids in dairy products and production of human milk fat substitutes by including dairy fats are featured in dedicated chapters authored by international scientific experts from across the globe. The text also presents in-depth research on proteomic characterization, digestion and the nutritional functionality of milk fat globule membrane. The biosynthesis, chemistry, digestion and nutritional roles of milk lipids, physics of dairy fats, structure and functionality of the milk fat globule membrane, analytical methods, materials science, technology and manufacturing of dairy fat-rich products such as butter, dairy fat spreads, dairy creams, cream powders and ghee are also covered in-depth. Dairy Fat Products and Functionality: Fundamental Science and Technology is a useful reference text for technologists and scientists interested in advancing their fundamental knowledge of dairy fat and dairy products as well as using a materials science and technology approach to guide efforts or widen research opportunities in optimizing the functionality of these products. From their physics and chemistry to their nutritional values and methodologies, this comprehensive and innovative text covers all the necessary information needed to understand the new methods and technologies driving the modern production of milk fat products.

Easy Statistics for Food Science with R presents the application of statistical techniques to assist students and researchers who work in food science and food engineering in choosing the appropriate statistical technique. The book focuses on the use of univariate and multivariate statistical methods in the field of food science. The techniques are presented in a simplified form without relying on complex mathematical proofs. This book was written to help researchers from different fields to analyze their data and make valid decisions. The development of modern statistical packages makes the analysis of data easier than before. The book focuses on the application of statistics and correct methods for the analysis and interpretation of data. R statistical software is used throughout the book to analyze the data.

Publications in food technology proliferate; however, noticeable by its absence of coverage is the subject of processing and packaging of particulates in foods. Recent years have seen significant advances which will almost certainly result in substitution of existing and conventional retorting. In addition, when com bined with high temperature/short time (HTST) processing, we can expect substantial further growth, reflecting quality and convenience advantages over products processed from yesterday's technologies. The anticipated growth in particulates is driven by both materials and packaging advances and only requires modest marketing of the organoleptic advantages to establish their place on menu options. The directions taken in packaging developments, especially those interfacing with the latest and established methods of processing, are increasingly influ enced by the need to design packaging on a cradle-to-grave basis. Time was when multi-laminated films on board satisfied the total needs of consumers of aseptic products. The problems of recycling combustible, i.e. energy generating mate rials laminated with aluminium foil, are becoming sensitive issues in a world preoccupied with recycling, and are creating openings for alternative and envi ronmentally friendly material combinations. This book brings together advanced technologies in the field, to provide information for professionals with interests in aseptic processing on how to go about selecting a system appropriate to their commercial needs and constraints."

The Technology of Wafers and Waffles: Recipes, Product Development and Knowhow is the definitive reference book addressing new product development in wafers and waffles. As a companion manual to The Technology of Wafers and Waffles: Operational Aspects, it provides a varied selection of recipes for different types of wafers, waffles, and fillings. This book discusses flat and shaped wafers, ice cream cones, cups, wafer reels, wafer sticks, stroop waffles, and North American frozen waffles. A separate chapter focuses on recipe calculations for wafer and waffle batters, doughs, and fillings, which allows estimating output, cost, and main nutrient content. Finally, there is also an overview on the patent and food science literature on wafers and waffles in chronological order.

-- Covers the most relevant production and distribution channels of aquafeed and the ingredients used commonly as sources of proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates. This will help the industry understand how to position itself to meet the challenge of securing aquafeed to sustain aquaculture. -- 20 chapters cover different aspects of aquafeeds, from the market to cutting-edge technologies, including nutritional aspects and the impact of aquafeeds on climate change. This enables aquafeeds to be approached from different perspectives. -- Up until now, aquafeed-related issues were addressed as secondary subjects in undergraduate textbooks, being part of books covering a broad spectrum of subjects. Other book focus on processing techniques with aquafeed products mentioned in a tangential manner. This means a book focused on aquafeeds, covering different aspects of their production and commercialization chain, is a real necessity. -- Interdisciplinary chapters, with collaborations between academic researchers and industry professionals, cover not only technical aspects but also market analysis.

This is the second edition of a successful title first published in 1983 and now therefore a decade out of date. The authors consider the development of the right package for a particular food in a particular market, from the point of view of the food technologist, the packaging engineer and those concerned with marketing. While the original format has been retained, the contents have been thoroughly revised to take account of the considerable advances made in recent years in the techniques of food processing, packaging and distribution. While efficient packaging is even more a necessity for every kind of food, whether fresh or processed, and is an essential link between the food producer and the consumer, the emphasis on its several functions has changed. Its basic function is to identify the product and ensure that it travels safely through the distribution system to the consumer. Packaging designed and constructed solely for this purpose adds little or nothing to the value of the product, merely preserving farm or processor freshness or preventing physical damage, and cost effectiveness is the sole criterion for success. If, however, the packaging facilitates the use of the product, is reusable or has an after-use, some extra value can be added to justify the extra cost and promote sales. Many examples of packaging providing such extra value can be cited over the last decade.

Food Safety Engineering is the first reference work to provide up-to-date coverage of the advanced technologies and strategies for the engineering of safe foods. Researchers, laboratory staff and food industry professionals with an interest in food engineering safety will find a singular source containing all of the needed information required to understand this rapidly advancing topic. The text lays a solid foundation for solving microbial food safety problems, developing advanced thermal and non-thermal technologies, designing food safety preventive control processes and sustainable operation of the food safety preventive control processes. The first section of chapters presents a comprehensive overview of food microbiology from foodborne pathogens to detection methods. The next section focuses on preventative practices, detailing all of the major manufacturing processes assuring the safety of foods including Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP), Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP), Hazard Analysis and Risk-Based Preventive Controls (HARPC), food traceability, and recalls. Further sections provide insights into plant layout and equipment design, and maintenance. Modeling and process design are covered in depth. Conventional and novel preventive controls for food safety include the current and emerging food processing technologies. Further sections focus on such important aspects as aseptic packaging and post-packaging technologies. With its comprehensive scope of up-to-date technologies and manufacturing processes, this is a useful and first-of-its kind text for the next generation food safety engineering professionals.

This book introduces recovery and stabilization of common bioactive materials in foods as well as materials science aspects of engineering stable bioactive delivery systems. The book also describes most typical unit operations and processes used in recovery and manufacturing of food ingredients and foods with stabilized bioactive components. The 15 chapters of the book discuss in detail substances that need to be protected and delivered via foods and beverages to achieve good stability, bioavailability and efficacy. Dedicated chapters present current and novel technologies used for stabilization and delivery of bioactive components. The material included covers formulation, stability, digestive release, bioaccessability and bioavailability. The text features a special emphasis on the materials science and technological aspects required for stabilization and successful production of foods with bioactive components. Consumer demand for healthier, yet satisfying food products is posing increasingly tough challenges for the food industry. Scientific research reveals new bioactive food components and new functionalities of known components. Food materials science has also developed to a stage where food materials can be designed and produced to protect sensitive components for their delivery in complex food products. Such delivery systems must meet high safety and efficacy requirements and regulations, as well as economic viability criteria and consumer acceptance.

Innovations in Traditional Foods addresses the most relevant topics of traditional foods while placing emphasis on the introduction of innovations and consumer preferences. Certain food categories, such as fruits, grains, nuts, seeds, grains and legumes, vegetables, mushrooms, roots and tubers, table olives and olive oil, wine, fermented foods and beverages, fish, meat, milk and dairy products are addressed. Intended for food scientists, technologists, engineers and chemists working in food science, product developers, SMEs, researchers, academics and professionals, this book provides a reference supporting technological advances, product development improvements and potential positioning in the traditional food market.

This book describes the reaction rate profiles of the -galactosidase-catalyzed conversion of lactose on the inner surface of a hollow fiber membrane, which is employed as an enzymatic reactor system. The reaction rate profiles were obtained by solving the mass transfer and kinetics of reaction in a 2-dimensional model of the system. The primary challenge of this research was to develop the kinetic model of the reaction to describe the kinetic behavior as the reaction occurred on the membrane surface. Despite the difficulties, the proposed model can reliably replicate the actual process, as validation procedures have confirmed. The reaction rates obtained analyze the performance of the immobilized enzyme on the membrane surface. Previously, an increase in performance of ' -galactosidase-catalyzed conversion of lactose assisted by ultrafiltration was suggested due to inhibitor removal. However, as the analysis presented here shows, the concentration profile of the substrate on the membrane surface also affects the reaction performance.

Rice Chemistry and Technology, Fourth Edition, is a new, fully revised update on the very popular previous edition published by the AACC International Press. The book covers rice growth, development, breeding, grain structure, phylogenetics, rice starch, proteins and lipids. Additional sections cover rice as a food product, health aspects, and quality analysis from a cooking and sensory science perspective. Final chapters discuss advances in the technology of rice, with extensive coverage of post-harvest technology, biotechnology and genomic research for rice grain quality. With a new, internationally recognized editor, this new edition will be of interest to academics researching all aspects of rice, from breeding, to usage. The book is essential reading for those tasked with the development of new products.

Case Studies in Food Retailing and Distribution aims to close the gap between academic researchers and industry professionals through the presentation of 'real world' scenarios and the application of field-based research. The book provides contemporary explorations of food retailing and consumption from various contexts around the globe. Using a case study lens, successful examples of practice are provided and areas for further theoretical investigation are offered. Coverage includes: the impact of retail concentration and the ongoing relevance of independent retailing how social forces impact upon food retailing and consumption trends in organic food retailing and distribution discussion of how wellbeing and sustainability have impacted the sector perspectives on the future of food retailing and distribution This book is a volume in the Consumer Science and Strategic Marketing series.

There is growing interest in the food, supplements, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries in improving the healthiness of their products by incorporating lipophilic bioactive substances like oil-soluble vitamins (A, D and E), omega-3 fatty acids, and nutraceuticals (carotenoids, curcuminoids and flavonoids). However, there are many challenges that need to be overcome due to their poor water-solubility, chemical stability, and bioavailability. For this reason, there is interest in the development of effective encapsulation technologies to increase the efficacy of lipophilic bioactives. This book reviews the encapsulation systems currently available for delivering lipophilic bioactives, including their preparation, functionality, and application range, including nanoemulsions, emulsions, Pickering emulsions, HIPEs, microgels, organogels and liposomes. Chapters 1-2 review the biological activity of delivery systems and lipophilic bioactives. Chapters 3-5 describe the materials and preparation methods used to assemble delivery systems. Chapters 6-17 focus on the formation and application of different kinds of delivery systems. Chapter 18 discusses future trends in the development of bioactive delivery systems. Edited and authored by world renowned scholars, the book provides a state-of-the-art overview of the design, fabrication, and utilization of delivery systems for bioactives that will be useful for academic, government, and industrial scientists in fields such as pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, agriculture, chemical engineering, nutrition, and foods.

John Andreas Widtsoe demonstrates an immense knowledge of soil and farming conditions; much of the advice in this classic manual remains useful and relevant to this day. An excellent collection of knowledge is united in this guidebook, which commences by setting out the concept and core principles of dry farming. Much of the Earth is covered by land which receives only modest rainfall each year; coupled with a lack of an underground water source and/or water rights, many landowners found themselves having to grow crops with dry farming methods. Widtsoe was one such farmer, and his knowledge of the land's properties would prove decisive in his success. The properties and composition of the soil are crucial in deciding what crops to grow, making maximum use of limited water resources in an unirrigated plot by encouraging the soil's water retention, and sowing seeds with methods to maximize germination are all important aspects of running a dry farm.