Dairy Processing and Quality Assurance, Second Edition describes the processing and manufacturing stages of market milk and major dairy products, from the receipt of raw materials to the packaging of the products, including the quality assurance aspects. The book begins with an overview of the dairy industry, dairy production and consumption trends. Next are discussions related to chemical, physical and functional properties of milk; microbiological considerations involved in milk processing; regulatory compliance; transportation to processing plants; and the ingredients used in manufacture of dairy products. The main section of the book is dedicated to processing and production of fluid milk products; cultured milk including yogurt; butter and spreads; cheese; evaporated and condensed milk; dry milks; whey and whey products; ice cream and frozen desserts; chilled dairy desserts; nutrition and health; sensory evaluation; new product development strategies; packaging systems; non-thermal preservation technologies; safety and quality management systems; and dairy laboratory analytical techniques. This fully revised and updated edition highlights the developments which have taken place in the dairy industry since 2008. The book notably includes: * New regulatory developments * The latest market trends * New processing developments, particularly with regard to yogurt and cheese products * Functional aspects of probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics * A new chapter on the sensory evaluation of dairy products Intended for professionals in the dairy industry, Dairy Processing and Quality Assurance, Second Edition, will also appeal to researchers, educators and students of dairy science for its contemporary information and experience-based applications.

This book offers a comprehensive introduction to the technological applications of these fascinating materials. It introduces sources, structures, properties, and food uses, and describes gums in non-food areas, their applications and their multi-disciplinary contribution to these fields, as well as examples of their uses.

Nutrients have been recognized as essential for maximum growth, successful reproduction, and infection prevention since the 1940s; since that time, the lion's share of nutrient research has focused on defining their role in these processes. Around 1990, however, a major shift began in the way that researchers viewed some nutrients particularly the vitamins. This shift was motivated by the discovery that modest declines in vitamin nutritional status are associated with an increased risk of ill-health and disease (such as neural tube defects, heart disease, and cancer), especially in those populations or individuals who are genetically predisposed. In an effort to expand upon this new understanding of nutrient action, nutritionists are increasingly turning their focus to the mathematical modeling of nutrient kinetic data. The availability of suitably-tagged (isotope) nutrients (such as B-carotene, vitamin A, folate, among others), sensitive analytical methods to trace them in humans (mass spectrometry and accelerator mass spectrometry), and powerful software (capable of solving and manipulating differential equations efficiently and accurately), has allowed researchers to construct mathematical models aimed at characterizing the dynamic and kinetic behavior of key nutrients in vivo in humans at an unparalleled level of detail."

Completely up-to-date and organized for easy use, this one-of-a-kind reference integrates basic concepts with hands-on techniques for food dehydration. It discusses a wide range of scientific and technical information, from the physical, chemical, and microbiological changes in food dehydration to its packaging aspects.

This book provides an up-to-date overview of the economic, chemical, physical, analytical and engineering aspects of the subject, gathering together information which would otherwise be scattered over a wide variety of sources.

The growing importance of glycobiology and carbohydrate chemistry in modern biotechnology and the pharmaceutical industry makes accurate carbohydrate analysis indispensable. This book provides the principles and protocols of various fundamental carbohydrate analysis methods. Choice of method is entirely dependent upon the type of material being investigated (biological samples, food products, etc.), and the level of structural detail required, i.e. sugar content, compositional analysis, linkages between the sugar components, or the total chemical structure of a given molecule. Full structural characterization of carbohydrate chains requires significant time, resources, and skill in several methods of analysis; no single technique can address all glycan analysis needs. This book summarizes several existing analytical techniques (both chemical and physical) in an introductory volume designed for the non-expert researcher or novice scientist. While background in carbohydrate chemistry is assumed, all information necessary to understanding the described techniques is addressed in the text.

Pulsed Electric Fields to Obtain Healthier and Sustainable Food for Tomorrow illustrates innovative applications derived from the use of pulsed electric fields beyond microbial inactivation. The book begins with an introduction on how pulsed electric fields work and then addresses the impact of pulsed electric fields on bioaccessability/bioavailability and the development of nutraceuticals and food additives. Other sections explore the reduction of contaminants and assess the improvement of industrial process efficiency. A final section explores patents and commercial applications. This book will be a welcomed resource for anyone interested in the technological, physiochemical and nutritional perspectives of product development and the reduction of food toxins and contaminants. The concepts explored in this book could have a profound impact on addressing the concept of "food on demand," a concept that is a top priority in industry.

* Introduces readers to tips for experimental work * Shows how simple scientific knowledge can be applied in understanding questions * Provides a sound method ("strategy") for calculation in physics and chemistry * Presents important definitions and laws for physical chemistry * Gives confidence in one's calculation skill and problem solving skills * Explore physical and chemical phenomena that occur during cooking

This book discusses the various aspects of sustainable packaging edibles in food industry. It is divided into five main parts. The first section of the book addresses details of edible films, various sources, origin, scope and functions. Second section covers different sustainable alternatives such as seed gums, fruits and vegetable peels, sea weeds, fruits wastes, dairy by products & anti-oxidant edible packaging. This book also discusses about methods of improvements of mechanical properties of packaging edibles & their food applications, testing methods, innovations, limitations, challenges and nano edibles. It provides insights about the large quantity of wastes and by-products generated by food processing industries. Disposal of these wastes is a big problem due to their high biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) & chemical oxygen demand (COD) which causes severe problem of pollution to the environment. These wastes contain large amounts of proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, minerals, various bioactive compounds and have eco-friendly packaging potential. The book emphasizes on the fact that recycling these wastes as packaging edibles are sustainable and economical. As a world foreseeing food technology revolution, this book explores the unique topics in food packaging which possesses mammoth commercial applications and environmental potential. Due to its immense scope, this book is highly useful for researchers, food scientists, students and food packaging industry experts.

This book identifies the principles that should be applied when processing Big Data in the context of food safety risk assessments. Food safety is a critical goal in the protection of individuals' right to health and the flourishing of the food and feed market. Big Data is fostering new applications capable of enhancing the accuracy of food safety risk assessments. An extraordinary amount of information is analysed to detect the existence or predict the likelihood of future risks, also by means of machine learning algorithms. Big Data and novel analysis techniques are topics of growing interest for food safety agencies, including the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). This wealth of information brings with it both opportunities and risks concerning the extraction of meaningful inferences from data. However, conflicting interests and tensions among the parties involved are hindering efforts to find shared methods for steering the processing of Big Data in a sound, transparent and trustworthy way. While consumers call for more transparency, food business operators tend to be reluctant to share informational assets. This has resulted in a considerable lack of trust in the EU food safety system. A recent legislative reform, supported by new legal cases, aims to restore confidence in the risk analysis system by reshaping the meaning of data ownership in this domain. While this regulatory approach is being established, breakthrough analytics techniques are encouraging thinking about the next steps in managing food safety data in the age of machine learning. The book focuses on two core topics - data ownership and data governance - by evaluating how the regulatory framework addresses the challenges raised by Big Data and its analysis in an applied, significant, and overlooked domain. To do so, it adopts an interdisciplinary approach that considers both the technological advances and the policy tools adopted in the European Union, while also assuming an ethical perspective when exploring potential solutions. The conclusion puts forward a proposal: an ethical blueprint for identifying the principles - Security, Accountability, Fairness, Explainability, Transparency and Privacy - to be observed when processing Big Data for food safety purposes, including by means of machine learning. Possible implementations are then discussed, also in connection with two recent legislative proposals, namely the Data Governance Act and the Artificial Intelligence Act.

This book compiles updated information about the role and health benefits of various bioactives in food. Different chapters are contributed by academicians, food scientists, technologists, and medical practitioners. The book addresses both theoretical and applied aspects of bioactive components and provides exhaustive knowledge about bioactive components. It comprises 27 chapters organized into 4 major sections covering topics in food science and technology, functional foods, and nutraceuticals. It provides perspectives for innovation, sources, applications, and sustainability in bioactive component research. The first section starts with introduction of bioactive components consisting of seven different chapters primarily focusing on the bioactive components and their sources with respective health benefits. The second section, comprising five different chapters, deals with different technological trends, regulations, and safety aspects of bioactive components. With eight chapters, the third section covers the role of bioactive components in human health and the role of functional foods in combating various health-related issues. The fourth section reviews functional foods through six chapters that cover the use of bioactive components in various food products. The book will prove useful to advanced food technology graduate and undergraduate students and research scholars, practicing food technologists in food and related industries, entrepreneurs, food-pharma researchers, and other scientists seeking information about smart and sustainable processes as well as information needed to design and develop these processes.

Food-borne bacterial pathogens encounter a number of stressors during food processing and preservation. More and more pathogens are able to adapt their physiological properties and/or genetic expression to survive these stressors and pose a risk to food safety and public health. This book provides the reader with a comprehensive overview of common food processing-associated stressors (e.g., heat, cold, acid, osmosis, and oxidation) and deals with the molecular basis of the respective bacterial stress response mechanisms (e.g., viable but nonculturable state, biofilm formation, sporulation, and cross-protection response). Additionally, various chapters cover the response mechanisms of foodborne pathogens to emerging nonthermal sterilisation technologies such as ultrasound, high-pressure processing, pulsed electric fields, ultraviolet light, irradiation and phytochemicals. Through this book we also learn about future prospects for the efficient control of stress adaption in foodborne pathogens to ensure maximum consumer safety. This book offers a valuable resource for researchers, graduate students, food process engineers and product developers in the fields of food science and microbiology.

Advances in Food and Nutrition Research, Volume 102 provides the latest advances on the identification and characterization of emerging bioactive compounds with putative health benefits, along with up-to-date information on food science. Chapters in this new release include Stability of polyphenols in food processing, Contribution of polysaccharides from crustacean on fermented food products, Food application of pigments from extremophile microorganisms, Recent advances in the development of healthier meat products, Food proteins in blood glucose control, Milk biomarker metabolomics and its application in milk origin, safety and quality control, Food Authenticity through protein and metabolic markers, and more.

Characterization of Nanoencapsulated Food Ingredients, Volume Four in the Nanoencapsulation in the Food Industry series, introduces some of the common instrumental analysis and characterization methods for the evaluation of nanocarriers and nanoencapsulated ingredients in terms of their morphology, size distribution, surface charge and composition, appearance, physicochemical and rheological properties, and antioxidant activity. Divided in five sections, the book covers the qualitative and quantitative properties of nanoencapsulated food ingredients by different characterization techniques, besides correlating nanocarrier behavior to their physicochemical and functional properties. Authored by a team of global experts in the fields of nano- and microencapsulation of food, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical ingredients, this title is of great value to those engaged in the various fields of nanoencapsulation and nanodelivery systems.

As an introductory text book on food engineering principles, this text gives students a firm, quantitative foundation in all aspects of food process and product formulation, packaging, manufacturing processes; engineering aspects of the fate of food in the GI tract; engineering principles of the environmental impact of foods; and principles of process economics and project management. The contents are based on a new definition of Food Engineering which is fit-for-purpose for this day and age: Food Engineering is the work of designing, formulating and manipulating food products which have desired sensory, satiety, health and well-being responses; and developing - across various operational scales - designs for the lowest environmental impact processing, packaging and storage systems capable of realizing the products. Based on this definition, Engineering Principles for Food Process and Product Realization re-defines the core competencies of food engineering, covers the engineering principles needed for food process and product design, and examines the engineering principles relevant to the interactions between food on the one hand, and human health, security and environment on the other - which are the key drivers for the growth of food business. With security, human health and environmental legacy driving business, the engineering paradigm must shift from being farm and preservation focused to becoming consumer focused - which this book aims to achieve. All of these topics are covered at a level that is easy to read and absorb, but with challenging questions and problems which require knowledge integration across topics. This book is uniquely placed to serve as an effective launching pad for undertaking further studies on advanced topics and concepts relating to the design of food processes and products.

Biscuit, Cookie and Cracker Process and Recipes: A practical reference for a wide range of recipes and production information for crackers, snack crackers, semi-sweet biscuits, short doughs, cookies and sandwich biscuits. These recipes have been developed in Europe, Asia, Australia, North America and South America. Beginning with an explanation of the production process and formulations, this book provides easy-access information for developing new biscuits, cookies and crackers for international markets. All the process details, formulations, technical information are based on the notes and files of the late Glyn Sykes. Glyn gained wide experience over a working lifetime in the biscuit baking industry, working with over fifty biscuit manufacturers world-wide. Glyn Sykes family have made the information available for the new book, which is a valuable reference for professionals in the biscuit baking industry and students in the food technology field.

Of the global population of more than 7 billion people, some 800 million do not have enough to eat today. By 2050, the population is expected to exceed 9 billion. It has been estimated that some 15% of food production is lost to plant diseases; in developing countries losses may be much higher. Historically, plant diseases have had catastrophic impact on food production. For example: potato blight caused the Irish famine in 1845; brown spot of rice caused the Great Bengal Famine of 1943; southern corn leaf blight caused a devastating epidemic on the US corn crop in 1970. Food security is threatened by an ongoing sequence of plant diseases, some persistent for decades or centuries, others more opportunistic. Wheat blast and banana xanthomonas wilt are two contrasting examples of many that currently threaten food production. Other emerging diseases will follow. The proposed title aims to provide a synthesis of expert knowledge to address this central challenge to food security for the 21st century. Chapters [5] and [11] are available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.

This publication contains proceedings of a Seminar on GLUCOSINOLATES IN RAPESEEDS - Analytical Aspects, held in Gembloux (Belgium) from 1 to 3 October 1986. The meeting was organized by request of the Commission of the European Communities in the context of the CEC Programme of Research on Plant Productivity. The main aim of the Seminar was to contribute to the elaboration of reliable quantitative methods for glucosinolate determination in rapeseeds. Fourty Experts from thirteen countries participated in this Seminar. Original contributions which were considered of special importance for the subject covered by the Seminar were presented and discussed. Thanks are due to the Chairmen, Dr. Heaney R., Dr. Biston R., Dr. Ri- baillier D., Prof. Dr. Robbelen G., authors and participants in the meeting for their contributions, friendliness and cooperation. Special thanks go to Dr. Mc Gregor (Canada) and Dr. Uppstrom B. (Swe- den) who gave Members the benefit of their knowledge. Finally, I would also like to thank those who have helped in organizing this Seminar Director Lecomte R. (Centre de Recherches Agronomiques de l'Etat, Gembloux), Rector Ledent A. (Faculte des Sciences Agronomiques de l'Etat, Gembloux), Prof. Severin M., Dr. Biston R., Mrs Bock and all my colleagues.

Many novel technologies have been proposed in the attempt to improve existing food processing methods. Among emerging nonthermal technologies, high intensity pulsed electric fields (PEF) is appealing due to its short treatment times and reduced heating effects. This book presents information accumulated on PEF during the last 15 years by experienced microbiologists, biochemists, food technologists, and electrical and food engineers.

This text offers a holistic approach to the two topics of the highest interest in the current and future food industry: sustainability and nutrition. The current knowledge is narrow and specific to individual topics focusing on either one nutrient or one discipline. Food is part of a wide circle of disciplines: nutrition, technology, sensory, environmental aspects, psychology, economy, culture and society. In the recent years, the sales of innovative foods such as meatless burgers, allergen-free products and personalized nutrition have skyrocketed. Sustainable Food Innovation presents the big picture on each nutrient: industrial and natural sources (ingredients, food products), consumer acceptability (price, sensory quality) and nutritional properties (quantity and quality) with each chapter focusing on a specific essential nutrient. Further chapters illustrate the role of other elements of interest such as bioactive. In addition, experimental data is added to enrich the book. Online discussions on current food trends are analyzed and presented to the reader in the effort to understand consumers' psychology. This will be the first publication to combine literature review and research data and the first to offer a comprehensive discussion on sustainable food innovation. The ultimate goal is to educate consumers and experts, providing technical and socioeconomic knowledge in a multidisciplinary context. Ultimately, informed technologists will develop healthier, sustainable food products and informed consumers will make informed decisions on nutrition and food choices.

This open-access textbook provides a comprehensive, up-to-date guide for students and practitioners wishing to access in a single volume the key disciplines and principles of wheat breeding. Wheat is a cornerstone of food security: it is the most widely grown of any crop and provides 20% of all human calories and protein. The authorship of this book includes world class researchers and breeders whose expertise spans cutting-edge academic science all the way to impacts in farmers' fields. The book's themes and authors were selected to provide a didactic work that considers the background to wheat improvement, current mainstream breeding approaches, and translational research and avant garde technologies that enable new breakthroughs in science to impact productivity. While the volume provides an overview for professionals interested in wheat, many of the ideas and methods presented are equally relevant to small grain cereals and crop improvement in general. The book is affordable, and because it is open access, can be readily shared and translated -- in whole or in part -- to university classes, members of breeding teams (from directors to technicians), conference participants, extension agents and farmers. Given the challenges currently faced by academia, industry and national wheat programs to produce higher crop yields --- often with less inputs and under increasingly harsher climates -- this volume is a timely addition to their toolkit.

This book aims to describe, though in a quite light way, the social role of plant diseases, letting the reader know the topical importance of plant pathology, as well as the role of plant pathologists in our society. Plant diseases caused, in the past, significant economic losses, deaths, famine, wars, and migration. Some of them marked the history of entire countries. One example among many: the potato late blight in Ireland in 1845. Today plant diseases are still the cause of deaths, often silent, in developing countries, and relevant economic losses in the industrialized ones. This book, written with much passion, neither wants to be a plant pathology text. On the contrary, it wants to describe, in simple words, often enriched by the author's personal experience, various plant diseases that, in different times and countries, did cause severe losses and damages. Besides the so-called "historical plant diseases", in the process of writing this book, she wanted to describe also some diseases that, though not causing famine or billions of losses, because of their peculiarity, might be of interest for the readers. Thus, this book has not been conceived and written for experts, but for a broader audience, of different ages, willing to learn more about plant health and to understand the reasons why so many people in the past and nowadays choose to be plant pathologists. This is because plants produce most of the food that we consume, that we expect to be healthy and safe, and because plants make the world beautiful. The title "Spores" is evocative of the reproduction mean of fungi. Spores are small, light structures, often moving fast. The chapters of this book are short and concise. Just like spores!

An in-depth appraisal of the key environmental, policy, legislative, and political issues for packaging and packaged products. International experts discuss responses and activities in different parts of the world, exploring the vital role that environmentally responsible packaging must play in all societies.

Natural phenolics are powerful bioactive compounds, but their use as antioxidant agents in lipid-based foodstuffs and cosmetics is limited due to their hydrophilic traits. A promising technique to overcome low solubility of phenolics is to increase their hydrophobicity by grafting with lipophilic moiety to form lipid-enriched phenolics (lipo-phenolics). Another way to enhance the amphiphilic traits of phenolics is by lipophilization with phospholipids in a suitable solvent to form phenolics-enriched phospholipids (pheno-phospholipids). Both functionalized phenolics (phenolipids) exhibit high bioavailability and antioxidative potential. Functional phenolics-enriched phospholipids (pheno-phospholipids) play an important role in enhancing the functional properties of both phenolic compounds and phospholipids in food for their use in nutrition and health. Phenolipids have also found applications on an industrial scale, likely due to low costs, the availability of starting material and safety. Recent advances in the field of lipophilization allow accessing molecules with high potency and targeted action covering a wide spectrum of bioactivities. Owing to their cost and availability, phenolipids find applications in niche sectors such as cosmetics and pharmaceutics as well as in the novel food. This book reports on the chemistry, preparation, and functionality of lipid-enriched phenolics (lipo-phenolics), broadening their applications in food, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. The strategies of the lipophilization of phenolics, the effect of modification on the biological properties and potential applications of the resulting lipo-phenolics are reviewed. The text also discusses the preparation, physicochemical characteristics and functional properties of phenolipids and phytosomes, including the latest developments and their current industrial status.