This volume comprises select papers presented at the International Conference on Advances in Manufacturing Technology (ICAMT 2018). It includes contributions from different researchers and practitioners working in the field of advanced manufacturing technology. This book covers diverse topics of contemporary manufacturing technology including material processes, machine tools, cutting tools, robotics and automation, manufacturing systems, optimization technologies, 3D scanning and re-engineering, and 3D printing. Computer applications in design, analysis, and simulation tools for solving manufacturing problems at various levels starting from material designs to complex manufacturing systems are also discussed. This book will be useful for students, researchers, and practitioners working in the field of manufacturing technology.

This book deals with in-cylinder pressure measurement and its post-processing for combustion quality analysis of conventional and advanced reciprocating engines. It offers insight into knocking and combustion stability analysis techniques and algorithms in SI, CI, and LTC engines, and places special emphasis on the digital signal processing of in-cylinder pressure signal for online and offline applications. The text gives a detailed description on sensors for combustion measurement, data acquisition, and methods for estimation of performance and combustion parameters. The information provided in this book enhances readers' basic knowledge of engine combustion diagnostics and serves as a comprehensive, ready reference for a broad audience including graduate students, course instructors, researchers, and practicing engineers in the automotive, oil and other industries concerned with internal combustion engines.

This book examines the possibility of automating pasture care by fusing conventional technologies with modern sensor technologies, including the accompanying electrification. It subsequently explores the feasibility and benefits of such a system on the basis of a prototype. The overall challenge in fodder production, and in milk and meat production, is to shift the focus away from the economic aspects and toward achieving a better balance with ecological and societal aspects. In the future, pastureland will become an increasingly valuable resource. Good pasture turf is the basis of high grazing performance and an efficient grazing farm; reduced quantity and quality of pasture forage are chiefly due to insufficient pasture care. The prototype developed and discussed here, based on a commercially available remote-controlled mulcher, performs the selective pasture maintenance needed for precision farming. The vehicle has been upgraded with a GPS system for automatic guidance, while a 2D laser scanner is used to localise relevant spots in real-time. The pasture maintenance operations include mulching of un-grazed spots and reseeding of damage done by footsteps. The book presents the results of field tests on effective spot detection and the fuel-saving benefits of selective mulching.

Pull up what you need to know. Pumps and hydraulic equipment are now used in more facets of industry than ever before. Whether you are a pump operator or you encounter pumps and hydraulic systems through your work in another skilled trade, a basic knowledge of the practical features, principles, installation, and maintenance of such systems is essential. You'll find it all here, fully updated with real-world examples and 21st-century applications.This title helps to: learn to install and service pumps for nearly any application; understand the fundamentals and operating principles of pump controls and hydraulics; service and maintain individual pumping devices that use smaller motors; see how pumps are used in robotics, taking advantage of hydraulics to lift larger, heavier loads; handle new types of housings and work with the latest electronic controls; know the appropriate servicing schedule for different types of pumping equipment; and, also install and troubleshoot special-service pumps.

The combustion of fossil fuels remains a key technology for the foreseeable future. It is therefore important to understand combustion mechanisms, in particular, the role of turbulence within this process. This monograph presents a thorough introduction to the field of turbulent combustion. After an overview of modeling approaches, Peters considers the three distinct cases of premixed, nonpremixed, and partially premixed combustion, respectively. By demonstrating the current theories of turbulent combustion within a cohesive presentation, this book makes a unified contribution to engineering and applied mathematics.

The internal combustion engine that powers the modern automobile has changed very little from its initial design of some eighty years ago. Unlike many high tech advances, engine design still depends on an understanding of basic fluid mechanics and thermodynamics. This text offers a fresh approach to the study of engines, with an emphasis on design and on fluid dynamics. Professor Lumley, a renowned fluid dynamicist, provides a lucid explanation of how air and fuel are mixed, how they get into the engine, what happens to them there, and how they get out again. Particular attention is given to the complex issue of pollution. Every chapter includes numerous illustrations and examples and concludes with homework problems. Examples are taken from the early days of engine design, as well as the latest designs, such as stratified charge gasoline direct injection engines. It is intended that the text be used in conjunction with the Stanford Engine Simulation Program (ESP). This user-friendly, interactive software tool answers a significant need not addressed by other texts on engines. Aimed at undergraduate and first-year graduate students, the book will also appeal to hobbyists and car buffs who will appreciate the wealth of illustrations of classic, racing, and modern engines.

This volume contains the Proceedings of the 4th IFToMM Symposium on Mechanism Design for Robotics, held in Udine, Italy, 11-13 September, 2018. It includes recent advances in the design of mechanisms and their robotic applications. It treats, among others, the following topics: mechanism design, mechanics of robots, parallel manipulators, actuators and their control, linkage and industrial manipulators, innovative mechanisms/robots and their applications. This book can be used by students, researchers and engineers in the relevant areas of mechanisms, machines and robotics.

Despite the increasing interest in multidimensional combustion engine simulation from researchers and industry, the field of application has been restricted to stationary operating points for turbocharged engines. Andreas Kachele presents a 3D-CFD approach to extend the simulation into the transient regime, enabling the detailed analysis of phenomena during changes in engine operating point. The approach is validated by means of a virtual hot gas test bench and experiments on a two-cylinder engine.

This book presents insights in green techniques used in conventional and advanced machining. It consists of various experimental case studies conducted by the authors on green machining of difficult-to-machine materials, polymer and ceramic materials. Effects of green techniques / processes on machining properties like material removal rate, surface quality, geometric accuracy, productivity, and environment while machining various materials are reported.

This book presents a comprehensive study of all important aspects of tribology. It covers issues and their remedies adopted by researchers working on automobile systems. The book is broadly divided in to three sections, viz. (i) new materials for automotive applications, (ii) new lubricants for automotive applications, and (iii) impact of surface morphologies for automotive applications. The rationale for this division is to provide a comprehensive and categorical review of the developments in automotive tribology. The book covers tribological aspects of engines, and also discusses influence of new materials, such as natural fibers, metal foam materials, natural fiber reinforced polymer composites, carbon fiber/silicon nitride polymer composites and aluminium matrix composites. The book also looks at grease lubrication, effectiveness and sustainability of solid/liquid additives in lubrication, and usage of biolubricants. In the last section the book focuses on brake pad materials, shot peening method, surface texturing, magnetic rheological fluid for smart automobile brake and clutch systems, and application of tribology in automobile systems. This book will be of interest to students, researchers, and professionals from the automotive industry.

This book comprehensively presents the computational design of rolling bearings dealing with many interdisciplinary difficult working fields. They encompass elastohydrodynamics (EHD), Hertzian contact theory, oil-film thickness in elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL), bearing dynamics, tribology of surface textures, fatigue failure mechanisms, fatigue lifetimes of rolling bearings and lubricating greases, Weibull distribution, rotor balancing, and airborne noises (NVH) in the rolling bearings. Furthermore, the readers are provided with hands-on essential formulas based on the up-to-date DIN ISO norms and helpful examples for computational design of rolling bearings. The topics are intended for undergraduate and graduate students in mechanical and material engineering, research scientists, and practicing engineers who want to understand the interactions between these working fields and to know how to design the rolling bearings for automotive industry and many other industries.

Foundations of Electroheat unifies an extremely diverse area of electricity utilisation in a coherent and concise reference. From laser welding to plasma furnaces for waste treatment and induction heating for forging to radio frequency drying textiles, the various topics that comprise electroheat are presented as a whole. The unified approach concentrates on three major themes:

• Electromagnetic heating, embracing direct resistance, induction heating of metals and radio frequency and microwave heating of dielectrics
• The ionised state, dealing with laser processing, plasma torches and furnaces, glow discharges for nitriding and arc furnaces for melting scrap
• Heat and mass transfer

The impact of computers on electrotechnology is explored by considering topics such as expert systems, neural networks and computational electromagnetics. Featuring industrial applications and case studies, as well as worked examples of the principles involved, this text is essential reading for the engineering student of electroheat. Professional engineers, scientists and technologists interested in the efficient utilisation of electrical energy will also find this an invaluable reference.

Since the inception of windpower around 1000 AD, technology has been deployed to obtain the most economical power from wind. The author traces its technical evolution, concentrating on the growth in understanding of wind and charting crucial developments in windmill design. The history of the windmill focuses on North Western Europe, but Hills indicates the origins of the first horizontal windmills in Persia, Tibet and China. He also examines industrial applications such as in textiles, papermaking and mining. The book concludes with a look at the recent reemergence of windpower as a viable source of power in the wake of the energy crisis.

This book, which is published in two volumes, studies heat transfer problems by modern numerical methods. Basic mathematical models of heat transfer are considered. The main approaches to the analysis of the models by traditional means of applied mathematics are described. Numerical methods for the approximate solution of steady and unsteady-state heat conduction problems are discussed. Investigation of difference schemes is based on the general stability theory. Much emphasis is put on problems in which phase transitions are involved and on heat and mass transfer problems. Problems of controlling and optimizing heat processes are discussed in detail. These processes are described by partial differential equations, and the main approaches to numerical solution of the optimal control problems involved here are discussed. Aspects of numerical solution of inverse heat exchange problems are considered. Much attention is paid to the most important applied problems of identifying coefficients and boundary conditions for a heat transfer equation. This first volume considers the mathematical models of heat transfer, classic analytical solution methods for heat conduction problems, numerical methods for steady-state and transient heat conduction problems, and phase change problems. The second volume presents solution techniques for complicated heat transfer problems (radiation, convection, thermoelasticity, thermal process control and inverse problems) as well as some examples of solving particular heat transfer problems.

This book provides readers with the fundamental, analytical, and quantitative knowledge of machining process planning and optimization based on advanced and practical understanding of machinery, mechanics, accuracy, dynamics, monitoring techniques, and control strategies that they need to understanding machining and machine tools. It is written for first-year graduate students in mechanical engineering, and is also appropriate for use as a reference book by practicing engineers. It covers topics such as single and multiple point cutting processes; grinding processes; machine tool components, accuracy, and metrology; shear stress in cutting, cutting temperature and thermal analysis, and machine tool chatter. The second section of the book is devoted to "Non-Traditional Machining," where readers can find chapters on electrical discharge machining, electrochemical machining, laser and electron beam machining, and biomedical machining. Examples of realistic problems that engineers are likely to face in the field are included, along with solutions and explanations that foster a didactic learning experience.

This monograph presents state-of-the-art knowledge in wood manufacturing design with a special focus on the elaboration of functional relationships. The authors transfer and apply the method of functional relationships to challenges in wood manufacturing, and the book contains many worked examples which help the reader to better understand the presented method. The topical spectrum includes machining processes, energy consumption, surface quality, hardness and durability properties as well as aesthetical properties. The target audience primarily comprises research experts and practitioners in wood manufacturing, but the book may also be beneficial for graduate students alike.

This book gathers the proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Measurement and Quality Control - Cyber Physical Issues (IMEKO TC 14 2019), held in Belgrade, Serbia, on 4-7 June 2019. The event marks the latest in a series of high-level conferences that bring together experts from academia and industry to exchange knowledge, ideas, experiences, research findings, and information in the field of measurement of geometrical quantities. The book addresses a wide range of topics, including: 3D measurement of GPS characteristics, measurement of gears and threads, measurement of roughness, micro- and nano-metrology, laser metrology for precision measurements, cyber physical metrology, optical measurement techniques, industrial computed tomography, multisensor techniques, intelligent measurement systems, evaluating measurement uncertainty, dimensional management in industry, product quality assurance methods, and big data analytics. By providing updates on key issues and highlighting recent advances in measurement and quality control, the book supports the transfer of vital knowledge to the next generation of academics and practitioners.

This book draws together the most interesting recent results to emerge in mechanical engineering in Russia, providing a fascinating overview of the state of the art in the field in that country which will be of interest to a wide readership. A broad range of topics and issues in modern engineering are discussed, including dynamics of machines, materials engineering, structural strength and tribological behavior, transport technologies, machinery quality and innovations. The book comprises selected papers presented at the 7th conference "Modern Engineering: Science and Education", held at the Saint Petersburg State Polytechnic University in May 2018 with the support of the Russian Engineering Union. The authors are experts in various fields of engineering, and all of the papers have been carefully reviewed. The book will be of interest to mechanical engineers, lecturers in engineering disciplines and engineering graduates.

This book examines an intelligent system for the inspection planning of prismatic parts on coordinate measuring machines (CMMs). The content focuses on four main elements: the engineering ontology, the model of inspection planning for prismatic parts on CMMs, the optimisation model of the measuring path based on an ant-colony approach, and the model of probe configuration and setup planning based on a genetic algorithm. The model of inspection planning for CMMs developed here addresses inspection feature construction, the sampling strategy, probe accessibility analysis, automated collision-free operation, and probe path planning. The proposed model offers a novel approach to intelligent inspection, while also minimizing human involvement (and thus the risk of human error) through intelligent planning of the probe configuration and part setup. The advantages of this approach include: reduced preparation times due to the automatic generation of a measuring protocol; potential optimisation of the measuring probe path, i.e., less time needed for the actual measurement; and increased planning process autonomy through minimal human involvement in the setup analysis and probe configuration.

This volume presents the latest academic research and industrial applications in the area of mechanisms, robotics and dynamics. Contributions cover such topics as biomedical applications, control issues of mechanical systems, dynamics of multi-body systems, experimental mechanics, haptic systems, history of mechanism science, industrial and non-industrial applications, linkages and cams, mechanical transmissions and gears, mechanics of robots and manipulators, theoretical kinematics. Resulting from the 7th European Conference on Mechanism Science, which was held at RWTH Aachen University on September 4-6, 2018, this works comprises an overview on current research activities across Europe. .

IFToMM conferences have a history of success due to the various advances achieved in the field of rotor dynamics over the past three decades. These meetings have since become a leading global event, bringing together specialists from industry and academia to promote the exchange of knowledge, ideas, and information on the latest developments in the dynamics of rotating machinery. The scope of the conference is broad, including e.g. active components and vibration control, balancing, bearings, condition monitoring, dynamic analysis and stability, wind turbines and generators, electromechanical interactions in rotor dynamics and turbochargers. The proceedings are divided into four volumes. This first volume covers the following main topics: Active Components and Vibration Control; Balancing; Bearings: Fluid Film Bearings, Magnetic Bearings, Rolling Bearings and Seals; and Blades, Bladed Systems and Impellers.

This book discusses the core principles and practical applications of a brand new machine category: liquid-metal soft machines and motors. After a brief introduction on the conventional soft robot and its allied materials, it presents the new conceptual liquid-metal machine, which revolutionizes existing rigid robots, both large and small. It outlines the typical features of the soft liquid-metal materials and describes the various transformation capabilities, mergence of separate metal droplets, self-rotation and planar locomotion of liquid-metal objects under external or internal mechanism. Further, it introduces a series of unusual phenomena discovered while developing the shape changeable smart soft machine and interprets the related mechanisms regarding the effects of the shape, size, voltage, orientation and geometries of the external fields to control the liquid-metal transformers. Moreover, the book illustrates typical strategies to construct a group of different advanced functional liquid-metal soft machines, since such machines or robots are hard to fabricate using rigid-metal or conventional materials. With highly significant fundamental and practical findings, this book is intended for researchers interested in establishing a general method for making future smart soft machine and accompanying robots.

Rotating Machinery, Vibro-Acoustics & Laser Vibrometry, Volume 7: Proceedings of the 36th IMAC, A Conference and Exposition on Structural Dynamics, 2018, the seveth volume of nine from the Conference brings together contributions to this important area of research and engineering. The collection presents early findings and case studies on fundamental and applied aspects of Rotating Machinery, Hybrid Testing, Vibro-Acoustics & Laser Vibrometry, including papers on: Rotating Machinery Vibro-Acoustics Experimental Techniques Scanning Laser Doppler Vibrometry Methods

This book establishes recursive relations concerning kinematics and dynamics of constrained robotic systems. It uses matrix modeling to determine the connectivity conditions on the relative velocities and accelerations in order to compare two efficient energetic ways in dynamics modeling: the principle of virtual work, and the formalism of Lagrange's equations. First, a brief fundamental theory is presented on matrix mechanics of the rigid body, which is then developed in the following five chapters treating matrix kinematics of the rigid body, matrix kinematics of the composed motion, kinetics of the rigid body, dynamics of the rigid body, and analytical mechanics. By using a set of successive mobile frames, the geometrical properties and the kinematics of the vector system of velocities and accelerations for each element of the robot are analysed. The dynamics problem is solved in two energetic ways: using an approach based on the principle of virtual work and applying the formalism of Lagrange's equations of the second kind. These are shown to be useful for real-time control of the robot's evolution. Then the recursive matrix method is applied to the kinematics and dynamics analysis of five distinct case studies: planar parallel manipulators, spatial parallel robots, planetary gear trains, mobile wheeled robots and, finally, two-module hybrid parallel robots.

This book investigates the utilization of harmonics in the permanent magnet (PM) or rotor shape to improve the torque density of PM brushless AC machines including three-phase inner rotor and outer rotor machines, five-phase machines, dual three-phase machines, linear machines, by means of analytical, finite element analyses, and as well as experimental validation. The torque density can be improved while the torque ripple remains low in PM shaping utilizing the 3rd harmonic. In this book, the analytical expression of output torque is derived for PM machines with rotor shape using the 3rd harmonic, and then the optimal 3rd harmonic for maximizing torque is analytically obtained. The book compares the PM shape in surface-mounted PM (SPM) machines and the rotor lamination shape in interior PM (IPM) machines utilizing the 3rd harmonic, and it becomes clear that their shaping methods and amount of torque improvement are different. In a five-phase PM machine, the 3rd harmonic can be utilized in both the current waveform and PM shapes to further improve the output torque. For the dual three-phase SPM machines without deteriorating the torque more than 30% when the optimal 3rd harmonic into both the current and PM shape are injected. The harmonics in airgap flux density have significant influence on the cogging torque, stator iron flux distribution, and radial force between the rotor and stator. These effects has been investigated as well in this book.