The control of marine engines and propulsion plants is a field of increasing interest to the maritime industry. The author's participation in a number of closely related research projects together with practical shipboard experience allows Robust Control of Diesel Ship Propulsion to present a broad view of the needs and problems of the shipping industry in this area. The book covers a number of models and control types: An integrated nonlinear state-space model of the marine propulsion system is developed. This is based upon physical principles that incorporate uncertainties due to engine thermodynamics and disturbances due to propeller hydrodynamics. The model employs artificial neural nets for depicting the nonlinearities of the thermochemical processes of engine power/torque generation and the engine-turbocharger dynamical interaction; neural nets combine the required mathematical flexibility and formalism with numerical training and calibration options using either thermodynamic engine models or measured data series. The neural state-space model is decomposed appropriately to provide a linearised perturbation model suitable for controller synthesis. The proportional integral (derivative) control law is examined under the perspective of shaft speed regulation for enhanced disturbance rejection of the propeller load. The typical marine shafting system dynamics and configuration allow for a smart implementation of the D-term based on shaft torque feedback. Full-state feedback control is, examined for increased robustness of the compensated plant against parametric uncertainty and neglected dynamics. The H* requirements on the closed-loop transfer matrix are appropriately decomposed to similar ones on scalar transfer functions, which give specifications which are easier to manipulate. In effect, the methods are comparatively assessed and suggestions for extensions and practical applications are given. This synthetic approach to the propulsion plant control and operational problems should prove useful for both theoreticians and practitioners, and can be easily adopted for the control of other processes or systems outside the marine field, as well.

AN ESSENTIAL DESKTOP SOURCEBOOK FOR ANYONE WHO WORKS WITH PUMPS AND PUMPING SYSTEMS ON A DAILY BASIS

This much-needed reference provides comprehensive, detailed coverage of pump application and pumped water systems as well as a sound working overview of pump design. Written by a hands-on expert with almost fifty years in the field, Water Pumps and Pumping Systems thoroughly examines:

* NFPA Fire Standards

* Potable and wastewater pumps

* Installation, operation, and retrofit

* Piping system calculations and friction analysis

* Piping materials

* Fire, municipal, domestic, water treatment, and industrial applications

* Tools of design and design analysis

* Performance issues

* And more

This one-of-a-kind, clearly written sourcebook tackles the industry-specific issues and problems you face every day, including:

* Misinformation about the proper operation of variable-speed pumps

* Old rules that need to be replaced regarding pump speed and allowable velocities in piping

* What field experience has taught the author about simple system head curves vs. complex system head areas

With almost 200 illustrations and valuable material from the Hydraulic Institute, ANSI, and ASTM, Water Pumps and Pumping Systems offers specialized knowledge and priceless experience that cannot be found in any other water industry reference.

This book provides a thorough approach for mastering the behavior and operation of induction motors, an essential device in the modern industrial world. Its way of presentation renders this book suitable for selfteaching by students, engineers, and researchers in the field of electrical engineering. It covers the modern theory of induction motor applications and control methods. The transient analysis of both three-phase and single-phase induction motors as well as that of the double-cage motors are developed. The principles of such modern control methods as Field-Oriented Control, Direct Torque Control and Computed Charges Acceleration Method are clearly treated in this monograph. Numerous equations, simulations, and figures are presented.

The papers collected in this volume address all aspects related to thermofluidynamic processses in Diesel engines, from basic studies aiming to obtain a better understanding of the physical processes underlying diesel engine operation, to the real day-to-day problems associated with engine development. The topics covered comprise: Air management, injection systems, spray development and air interaction, combustion and pollutant formation, emission control strategies, and new concepts.

Electric Vehicle Battery Systems provides operational theory and design guidance for engineers and technicians working to design and develop efficient electric vehicle (EV) power sources. As Zero Emission Vehicles become a requirement in more areas of the world, the technology required to design and maintain their complex battery systems is needed not only by the vehicle designers, but by those who will provide recharging and maintenance services, as well as utility infrastructure providers. Includes fuel cell and hybrid vehicle applications.
Written with cost and efficiency foremost in mind, Electric Vehicle Battery Systems offers essential details on failure mode analysis of VRLA, NiMH battery systems, the fast-charging of electric vehicle battery systems based on Pb-acid, NiMH, Li-ion technologies, and much more. Key coverage includes issues that can affect electric vehicle performance, such as total battery capacity, battery charging and discharging, and battery temperature constraints. The author also explores electric vehicle performance, battery testing (15 core performance tests provided), lithium-ion batteries, fuel cells and hybrid vehicles. In order to make a practical electric vehicle, a thorough understanding of the operation of a set of batteries in a pack is necessary. Expertly written and researched, Electric Vehicle Battery Systems will prove invaluable to automotive engineers, electronics and integrated circuit design engineers, and anyone whose interests involve electric vehicles and battery systems.
* Addresses cost and efficiency as key elements in the design process
* Provides comprehensive coverage of the theory, operation, and configuration of complex battery systems, including Pb-acid, NiMH, and Li-ion technologies
* Provides comprehensive coverage of the theory, operation, and configuration of complex battery systems, including Pb-acid, NiMH, and Li-ion technologies

Turboexpanders and Process Applications offers readers complete application criteria, functional parameters, and selection guidelines. This book is intended for the widest possible spectrum of engineering functions, including technical support, maintenance, operating, and managerial personnel in process plants, refineries, air liquefaction, natural gas separation, geothermal mining, and design contracting.
The text distinguishes between cryogenic turboexpanders that are used to recover power from extremely cold gases, and hot gas expanders that accomplish the same objective with gases reaching temperatures in excess of 1000 degrees Fahrenheit. The authors have assembled in this book an optimum combination of process and mechanical technologies as they apply to turboexpanders.

A highly practical, well-illustrated, and up-to-date overview of turboexpander construction features
Appeals to a wide range of engineers

If you want to better understand the big iron toiling under the deck of you sportfish, pick up a copy of the Complete Guide To Diesel Marine Engines by John Fleming. The book takes you through the ins and outs of diesel power in terms even a landlubber could understand. It explains the hows and whys of diesel engines, but there's also a chapter on the basics of trouble-shooting and another on selecting the right engine for your boat. For the die-hard, there's even a chapter on the mathematics of diesels. If you want a solid understanding of how a diesel operates, this is one hands-on guide to bring aboard.

Convective heat transfer is the result of fluid flowing between objects of different temperatures. Thus it may be the objective of a process (as in refrigeration) or it may be an incidental aspect of other processes. Intended for graduate students and for researchers entering the field, this text reviews in a concise and unified manner recent contributions to the principles of convective heat transfer for single and multi-phase systems: It summarizes the role of the fundamental mechanism and the governing differential equations, describes approximation schemes and phenomenological models, and examines their solutions and applications. After a review of the basic physics and thermodynamics, the book divides the subject into three parts. Part 1 deals with single-medium transfers, specifically with intraphase transfers in single-phase flows and with intramedium transfers in two-phase flows. Part 2 deals with fluid-solid transfer processes, both in cases where the interface is small and in cases where it is large, as well as liquid-liquid transfer processes. Part 3 considers three media, addressing both liquid-solid-solid and gas-liquid-solid systems. The emphasis on the presence multiple phases and on energy-conversion mechanisms, such as phase changes or chemical reactions, will make this text a valuable reference for practicing engineers. This new edition has been updated throughout and contains new examples and problems.

A systematic treatment of the thermal and elastic deformation of bearings, seals, and other machine elements under a wide variety of conditions, with particular emphasis on failure mechanisms when high speeds or loads cause significant frictional heating and on methods for predicting and avoiding such failures. Intended for designers and mechanical engineers responsible for high-performance machinery, the book is unique in discussing instabilities driven by frictional heating and thermal expansion and in developing a theoretical approach to engineering design in those cases in which the thermal problems are pivotal. It thus provides a guide as to what is important in the development of high-performance engineering systems. References to recent publications, new material that fill gaps in the literature, a consistent nomenclature, and a large number of worked examples make this a useful text and reference for both researchers and practising engineers.

This book consists of peer-reviewed articles and reviews presented as lectures at the Sixth International Symposium on Thermal Engineering and Sciences for Cold Regions in Darmstadt, Germany. It addresses all relevant aspects of thermal physics and engineering in cold regions, such as the Arctic regions. These environments present many unique freezing and melting phenomena and the relevant heat and mass transfer processes are of basic importance with respect to both the technological applications and the natural context in which they occur. Intended for physicists, engineers, geoscientists, climatologists and cryologists alike, these proceedings cover topics such as: ice formation and decay, heat conduction with phase change, convection with freezing and melting, thermal properties at low temperature, frost heave and permafrost, climate impact in cold regions, thermal design of structures, bio-engineering in cold regions, and many more.

Geothermics in Basin Analysis focuses on the study of sedimentary basins, stressing essential parts of problems in which geothermics is involved. Subject matter includes the measuring of temperature logs and capturing of industrial temperature data and their interpretation to delineate subsurface conditions and processes, the importance of porosity and pore filling for modeling thermal fields, the thermal insulation of shales, geothermal anomalies associated with mud diapirs and basin hydrodynamic regimes, temperatures related to magmatic underplating and plate tectonics.

Heat transfer enhancement in single-phase and two-phase flow heat exchangers in important in such industrial applications as power generating plant, process and chemical industry, heating, ventilation, air conditioning and refrigeration systems, and the cooling of electronic equipment. Energy savings are of primary importance in the design of such systems, leading to more efficient, environmentally friendly devices. This book provides invaluable information for such purposes.

Dieses bewahrte Lehrbuch gibt einen fundierten UEberblick uber die wichtigsten Maschinenelemente. Der Leser lernt, die Funktionsweise moderner Maschinenteile zu verstehen, sie auszulegen und sicher anzuwenden. Das Buch enthalt die aktuellen Berechnungsverfahren; es ist auf das Wesentliche konzentriert, gleichzeitig aber anwendungs- und praxisorientiert. Die 18. Auflage wurde vollstandig uberarbeitet. Die bewahrte Gliederung wurde beibehalten, der Inhalt jedoch sprachlich und technisch auf den neuesten Stand gebracht. So wurden neben der Umstellung auf die neue Rechtschreibung alle Normen und Berechnungsmodelle uberpruft und aktualisiert. Auch Abbildungen und Tabellen wurden zum Teil neu erstellt bzw. ersetzt. Eine Formelsammlung und weitere Beispielaufgaben koennen aus dem Internet heruntergeladen werden.

Extend the life span of tubular heat exchangers with this bounty of inspection checklists and cost-containment tips. Featuring coverage of the two inspection codes used worldwide, plus techniques of plugging, ferruling, and sleeving, this guide helps you clean exchangers ... make shell-side repairs and alterations ... maintain tubesheets, bonnets, channels, and covers ... handle tube leaks ... increase reboiler capacity and repair reboiler shells ... conduct feedwater heater autopsies to prevent repetition of past design and operation errors ... and much more.

An in-depth survey of regenerative heat exchangers, this book chronicles the development and recent commercialization of regenerative devices for cryogenic applications. Chapters cover historical background, concepts, practical applications, design data, and numerical solutions, providing the latest information for engineers to develop advanced cryogenic machines. The discussions include insights into the operation of a regenerator; descriptions of the cyclic and fluid temperature distributions in a regenerator; data for various matrix geometries and materials, including coarse and fine bronze, stainless steel-woven wire mesh screens, and lead spheres; and unique operating features of cryocoolers that produce deviations from ideal regenerator theory.

Heating materials using microwave energy offers many advantages in industrial processes, including improved quality, efficiency and control. There is a growing interest in microwave heating throughout industry and there are now many research establishments, both academic and industrial, working in this field. Microwave technology is a well developed science in the areas of radar and communications, supported by a large bibliography, but this is not the case for its applications to industry. The aim of this book is first to present the fundamentals of microwave technology that are relevant to industrial practice in a manner accessible to engineers, scientists and technicians who may have little or no prior knowledge of the subject. Second, it presents a perspective on the range and scope of the techniques and hardware used, giving detailed descriptions, making critical comparisons and commenting frequently on practical issues of design.

Remarkable developments have taken place in the field of mechatronics in recent years. As symbolized by the "Janglish (Japanese English)" word, mechatronics, the technology and the social adaptation for introducing electronics into mechanics has been readily accepted in Japan. Currently robots are producing many products under computer control in Japanese factories, and supermarkets are utilizing automation systems for sample displays and sales. Further, the fast paced change in semiconductor chip technology has given rise to the need for micro-displacement positioning techniques. Actuators utilizing piezoelectridelectrostrictive effects are expected to meet these needs in mechanical components in the next micro mechatronic age. This book, in English, builds on my earlier publications concerned with ceramic actuators. The first edition titled "Essentials for Development and Applications of Piezoelectric Actuators" was published in 1984 through the Japan Industrial Technology Center. The second edition "PiezoelectriclElectrostrictive Actuators" published in Japanese through Morikita Pub. Co. (Tokyo) became one of the best sellers in that company in 1986, and was then translated into Korean. The problem solving edition "Piezoelectric Actuators -Problem Solving" was also published through Morikita, which was sold in conjunction with a 60 minute video tape to provide easy understanding."

Gas-Turbine Regenerators begins with a thorough introduction to regenerators, familiarizing the reader with the terminology used in regenerator analysis and design. The book then describes the historical background of regenerator analysis and design and their development through the years. Following the historical background, this book explores gas-turbine cycles, the thermodynamic cycle by which gas turbines convert heat into work. The book then presents three design models: Direct Regenerator Design; Optimal Regenerator Design, and the design methods of Kays and London. The text concludes with three significant kinds of regenerator performance: heat transfer; leakage, and pressure drops. Regenerative gas turbines have the potential to be more efficient and lower in cost than competing diesel and combined cycle engines. In addition, regenerative gas turbines require less maintenance, require less space, and pollute less than competitive systems. This text provides engineers and designers with the tools needed to achieve these qualities in four distinct ways: First, in the preliminary stages, designers can choose from one or more designs that may be suitable for their application. Second, the designer who has some design specifications can use the optimization method to choose the remaining specifications in order to provide maximum thermal efficiency. Third, this book can be used by the manufacturer of regenerator cores in selecting core-passage geometrics and core materials. Finally, inexperienced designers can use the step-by-step examples of designs of regenerative gas turbines.

This book contains selected papers prepared for the NATO Advanced Study Institute on "Unsteady Combustion," which was held in Praia da Granja, Portugal, 6-17 September 1993. Approximately 100 delegates from 14 countries attended. The Institute was the most recent in a series beginning with "Instrumentation for Combustion and Flow in Engines," held in Vimeiro, Portugal 1987 and followed by "Combusting Flow Diagnostics" conducted in Montechoro, Portugal in 1990. Together, these three Institutes have covered a wide range of experimental and theoretical topics arising in the research and development of combustion systems with particular emphasis on gas-turbine combustors and internal combustion engines. The emphasis has evolved roughly from instrumentation and experimental techniques to the mixture of experiment, theory and computational work covered in the present volume. As the title of this book implies, the chief aim of this Institute was to provide a broad sampling of problems arising with time-dependent behaviour in combustors. In fact, of course, that intention encompasses practically all possibilities, for "steady" combustion hardly exists if one looks sufficiently closely at the processes in a combustion chamber. The point really is that, apart from the excellent paper by Bahr (Chapter 10) discussing the technology of combustors for aircraft gas turbines, little attention is directed to matters of steady performance. The volume is divided into three parts devoted to the subjects of combustion-induced oscillations; combustion in internal combustion engines; and experimental techniques and modelling.

Wind energy is now seriously being considered as a possible alternative to current power sources. The number of wind farms both in the UK and worldwide are increasing and research and development into wind energy is being carried out by industry, academic institutions, government research establishments and private investors worldwide. This publication contains 68 papers that were presented at the 18th British Wind Energy Association Conference, held at Exeter University, September 1996. The topics include electricity markets, environmental and public relations, integration, wind turbine design, resource, noise and wind farm performance/design.

This text explains the basic fluid mechanics and thermodynamics underlying the design of pumps, fans, compressors and turbines in an uncomplicated way, with many examples and worked exercises. By treating the machines as either centrifugal, centripetal or axial flow devices, it explains the basic principles of each and clarifies their similarities and differences. The book covers problems such as cavitation, refers to computer-based exercises wherever possible and includes information on the current advances in analysis and performance control.

This volume contains the proceedings of the Workshop on Com bustion, sponsored by the Institute for Computer Applications in Science and Engineering (ICASE) and the NASA Langley Research Center (LaRC). It was held on October 12-14, 1992, and was the sec ond workshop in the series on the subject. The first was held in 1989, and its proceedings were published by Springer-Verlag under the title "Major Research Topics in Combustion," edited by M. Y. Hussaini, A. Kumar, and R. G. Voigt. The focus of the second workshop was directed towards the development, analysis, and application of basic models in high speed propulsion of particular interest to NASA. The exploration of a dual approach combining asymptotic and numerical methods for the analysis of the models was particularly encouraged. The objectives of this workshop were i) the genesis of models that would capture or reflect the basic pllysical phenomena in SCRAMJETs and/or oblique detonation-wave engines (ODWE), and ii) the stimulation of a greater interaction between NASA exper imental research community and the academic community. The lead paper by D. Bushnell on the status and issues of high speed propulsion relevant to both the SCRAMJET and the ODWE parallels his keynote address which set the stage of the workshop. Following the lead paper were five technical sessions with titles and chairs: Experiments (C. Rogers), Reacting Free Shear Layers (C. E. Grosch), Detonations (A. K. Kapila), Ignition and Struc ture (J. Buckmaster), and Unsteady Behaviour ('1'. L. Jackson)."

Combustion is very much an interdisciplinary topic, drawing together elements of chemistry, fluid mechanics and heat transfer. It is an ingredient in many undergraduate degree programmes, ranging from a pivotal role in fuel science through to a component part of courses in chemical, process and building services engineering. For many students in those disciplines where combustion in heating plant is an important part of their studies, there are often problems in coming to grips with the basic principles underlying the combustion of hydrocarbon fuels. In particular, the concepts of chemical and related thermodynamic changes can prove difficult to assimilate. The scientific literature dealing with combustion tends to be rather polarised, with a wealth of literature aimed at the specialist reader, but at a basic level the fundamentals of this important process are often treated rather tersely in textbooks on thermodynamics. The objective of this book is to provide an introduction to the basic principles of the combustion of hydrocarbon fuels in heating plant for buildings and industrial processes. In those chapters where practice in problem solving can make a positive contribution to understanding, some numerical problems have been included. Acknowledging the ever-widening use of computers in technical education, a number of algorithms which can be easily coded up for solving numerical problems have been incorporated in the text. These can prove particularly useful in, for example, the calculation of certain fluid properties, either for use in hand calculation or for incorporation into larger programs.

As the title implies, this book provides an introduction to thermodynamics for students on degree and HND courses in engineering. These courses are placing increased emphasis on business, design, management, and manufacture. As a consequence, the direct class-time for thermodynamics is being reduced and students are encouraged to self learn. This book has been written with this in mind. The text is brief and to the point, with a minimum of mathematical content. Each chapter defines a list of aims and concludes with a short summary. The summary provides an overview of the key words, phrases and equations introduced within the chapter. It is recognized that students see thermodynamics as a problem-solving activity and this is reflected by the emphasis on the modelling of situations. As a guide to problem solving, worked examples are included throughout the book. In addition, students are encouraged to work through the problems at the end of each chapter, for which outline solutions are provided. There is a certain timelessness about thermodynamics because the funda mentals do not change. However, there is currently some debate over which sign convention should apply to work entering, or leaving, a thermodynamic system. I have retained the traditional convention of work out of a system being positive. This fits in with the concept of a heat engine as a device that takes in heat and, as a result, produces positive work."

The German R + D program "Solares Testzentrum Almeria" (SOTA) provided the scientific basis for the realization of advanced solar technologies including facility modifications, component tests and new lines of development. One of the working packages, WP 300, addressed the "Scientific Support" by the performance of preparatory studies, exploratory laboratory activities and qualified expertise. Universities, Research Institutes and Company R + D Entities in Germany were enabled to treat the following aspects: * Meteorological, system and cost investigations, * Development of important components as concentrator, receiver, storage, * Utilization of solar energy for process heat and chemical reactions. Besides the continued development of terminal concentrators, the studies concentrated in 1991 on the development of solar chemistry processes. The reports of the activities were finalized recently and collected in the present volume. The final reports were printed as received. The achieved results and the views expressed within the reports were under the responsibility of the authors. As organizers of these solar thermal activities and as editors of the corresponding final reports, we would like to thank BMFT and KFA-BEO for the farsighted funding (grant no. 0328823A) and the research groups for their engagement and consultations. We would also like to thank Ms S. Preusser and Ms U. Rachow, who among many others contributed to the realization of this volume.