Solar cooling systems can be a cost-effective and environmentally attractive air-conditioning solution. The design of such systems, however, is complex. Research carried out under the aegis of the International Energy Agency's Solar Heating and Cooling Program has shown that there is a range of seemingly subtle design decisions that can impact significantly on the performance of solar cooling systems. In order to reduce the risk of errors in the design process, this guide provides detailed and very specific engineering design information. It focuses on case study examples of installed plants that have been monitored and evaluated over the last decade. For three successful plants the design process is described in detail and the rationale for each key design decision is explained. Numerical constraints are suggested for the sizing / selection parameters of key equipment items. Moreover, the application conditions under which the system selection is appropriate are discussed. By following The Guide for any of the three specific solar cooling systems, the designer can expect to reliably achieve a robust, energy-saving solution. This book is intended as a companion to the IEA Solar Cooling Handbook which provides a general overview of the various technologies as well as comprehensive advice to enable engineers to design their own solar cooling system from first principles.

The combination of heat pumps and solar components is a recent development and has great potential for improving the energy efficiency of house and hot water heating systems. As a consequence, it can enhance the energy footprint of a building substantially. This work compares different systems, analyses their performance and illustrates monitoring techniques. It helps the reader to design, simulate and assess solar and heat pump systems. Good examples of built systems are discussed in detail and advice is given on how to design the most efficient system. This book is the first one about this combination of components and presents the state of the art of this technology. It is based on a joint research project of two programmes of the International Energy Agency: the Solar Heating and Cooling Programme (SHC) and the Heat Pump Programme. More than 50 experts from 13 countries have participated in this research.

Written by a team of experts, Advances in Flowmeter Technology surveys the full range of modern flowmeters for product managers, strategic planners, engineers, distributors, and students. The origins, principles of operation,controls and instrumentation, and the relative advantages of each major flowmeter type are thoroughly explained. Extensive coverage of new types that employ cutting-edge technologies - such as coriolis, magnetic, ultrasonic, vortex, thermal flowmeters - is provided. The text includes comparative examples, placing these new types of meters in the context of more traditional ones, such as differential pressure, turbine, and positive displacement flowmeters.

Heating and Cooling with Ground-Source Heat Pumps in Moderate and Cold Climates, Two-Volume Set focuses on the use of very low-temperature geothermal energy for heating and cooling residential, institutional, and industrial buildings, and aims to increase the design community's awareness and knowledge of the benefits, design, and installation requirements of commercial/institutional building ground-source heat pumps (GSHP). This set helps readers assess applicability, select a GSHP system type, and estimate building thermal load to ensure proper size for ground-source subsystems, appropriate brine and groundwater flow rates, and apt design of building closed-loops with distributed or central geothermal heat pumps. The first volume addresses fundamentals and design principles of vertical and horizontal indirect and direct expansion closed-loop, as well as ground- and surface-water ground-source heat pump systems. It explains the thermodynamic aspects of mechanical and thermochemical compression cycles of geothermal heat pumps, as well as the energetic, economic, and environmental aspects associated with the use of ground-source heat pump systems for heating and cooling residential and commercial/institutional buildings in moderate and cold climates. The second volume focuses on applications and cases studies of ground-source heat pumps in moderate and cold climates. It details technical aspects, as well as the most common and uncommon application fields of basic system configurations. The principles of system integrations and applications in moderate and cold climates are also presented, each followed by case studies. This comprehensive work is aimed at designers of HVAC systems, as well as geological, mechanical, and chemical engineers implementing environmentally-friendly heating and cooling technologies for buildings.

Refrigeration Equipment is a clear, practical guide to the installation, testing and servicing of industrial and domestic refrigeration equipment. Refrigeration technicians, who are poorly provided with good reference material, will welcome the author's hands-on approach. Other readers will include trainees on in-plant industry courses, building service engineers and maintenance staff in the frozen food industry, supermarkets, hotels and hospitals. It also provides a text from NVQs (C&G 6007) and other vocational courses). This revised edition has been updated throughout, and includes a new section on the topical subject of alternative refrigerants and, for the first time, a chapter on the principles of air conditioning.

Analytical Heat Transfer explains how to analyze and solve conduction, convection, and radiation heat transfer problems. It enables students to tackle complex engineering heat transfer problems prevalent in practice. Covering heat transfer in high-speed flows and unsteady highly turbulent flows, the book also discusses enhanced heat transfer in channels, heat transfer in rotating channels, numerical modeling for turbulent flow heat transfer, and thermally developing heat transfer in a circular tube. The second edition features new content on Duhamel's superposition method, Green's function method for transient heat conduction, finite-difference method for steady state and transient heat conduction in cylindrical coordinates, and laminar mixed convection. It includes two new chapters on laminar-to-turbulent transitional heat transfer and turbulent flow heat transfer enhancement, in addition to end-of-chapter problems. The book bridges the gap between basic heat transfer undergraduate courses and advanced heat transfer graduate courses for a single semester of intermediate heat transfer, advanced conduction/radiation heat transfer, or convection heat transfer. Features: Focuses on analyzing and solving classic heat transfer problems in conduction, convection, and radiation Covers 2-D and 3-D view factor evaluation, combined radiation with conduction and/or convection, and gas radiation optically thin and optically thick limits Features updated content and new chapters on mass and heat transfer analogy, thermally developing heat transfer in a circular tube, laminar-turbulent transitional heat transfer, unsteady highly turbulent flows, enhanced heat transfer in channels, heat transfer in rotating channels, and numerical modeling for turbulent flow heat transfer Provides step-by-step mathematical formula derivations, analytical solution procedures, and demonstration examples Includes end-of-chapter problems with an accompanying Solutions Manual for instructors This book is ideal for undergraduate and graduate students studying basic heat transfer and advanced heat transfer.

Construction, as an industry sector, is responsible for around one-third of the total worldwide energy usage and about 20% of greenhouse gas emissions. The rise in the number of buildings and floor space area for residential and commercial purposes has imposed enormous pressure on existing energy sources. Implementations such as efficient usage of building energy systems, design measures, utilization of local energy resources, energy storage, and the use of renewable energy sources to meet electricity demands are currently under development and deployment for improving the energy performance index. However, integrating all such measures and the development of nearly zero-energy and zero-emission buildings is yet to be explored. In this book, the different control techniques and intelligent technologies used to improve the energy performance of buildings are illustrated. Every building energy control system has a two-fold objective for energy and comfort requirements to achieve a high comfort index (for thermal, visual, air quality, humidity, and various plug loads) and increase the energy performance index. The most significant aspect in the design of a building's energy control system is modelling. All the components, methodologies, and processes involved in developing a renewable energy-driven building are covered in detail. This book is intended for graduates and professionals working towards the development of a sustainable built environment using renewable energy sources.

Heating and Cooling with Ground-Source Heat Pumps in Cold and Moderate Climates: Fundamentals and Basic Concepts covers fundamentals and design principles of vertical and horizontal indirect and direct expansion closed-loop, as well as ground and surface-water ground-source heat pump systems. It explains the thermodynamic aspects of mechanical and thermochemical compression cycles of geothermal heat pumps, and describes the energetic, economic, and environmental aspects associated with the use of ground-source heat pump systems for heating and cooling residential and commercial/institutional buildings in moderate and cold climates. Based on the author's more than 30 years of technical experience Focuses on ground-source heat pump technologies that can be successfully applied in moderate and cold climates Discusses technical aspects as well as the most common and uncommon application fields of basic system configurations This work is aimed at designers of HVAC systems, as well as geological, mechanical, and chemical engineers implementing environmentally-friendly heating and cooling technologies for buildings.

Due to changes in lifestyle, people spend more time indoors. This refers not only to the time spent at home and at office premises, but also in shopping malls, recreation centers and transport vehicles. Concentrations of many pollutants are higher indoors than they are outdoors. Consequently, the indoor environment has a bigger impact on human health, well being and effectiveness.

Indoor Environment Engineering is a relatively new scientific discipline with an interdisciplinary character, using knowledge from chemistry, biology, medicine and engineering. Since the early 1990s, the number of studies in this area has grown significantly from research on indoor air parameters, new emerging pollutants in indoor air, energy saving systems of heating, to studies on ventilation and air-conditioning in buildings. Even though much progress has been made since then, a number of questions still remains open:

• How can indoor air quality be measured? What are reliable, time- and cost-efficient methods?
• How can indoor air quality be improved, investing as little energy as possible?
• How to minimize secondary pollution caused by air supply systems?
• Which type of pollutants should research focus on?
• In what way are we exposed to new pollutants (plasticizers, ?ame retardants, pesticides)? What is their impact on our health?

Management of Indoor Air Quality is a collection of 14 peer reviewed papers in Indoor Environment Engineering addressing the above issues. It includes research on HVAC impact on aerosol levels, new ventilation systems as well as air quality problems in new environments. The volume is intended for scientists, engineers, post-graduate and graduate students interested in the area of indoor environment.

With its uncommon presentation of instructional material regarding mathematical modeling, measurements, and solution of inverse problems, Thermal Measurements and Inverse Techniques is a one-stop reference for those dealing with various aspects of heat transfer.

Progress in mathematical modeling of complex industrial and environmental systems has enabled numerical simulations of most physical phenomena. In addition, recent advances in thermal instrumentation and heat transfer modeling have improved experimental procedures and indirect measurements for heat transfer research of both natural phenomena and manmade applications. These new resources and methods help theoretical, computational, and experimental researchers synergistically interact to better understand the physical phenomena being studied. This book explores how inverse analysis can be used to increase understanding of interactions between technological systems and nature, by bridging the gap between data derived from measurements and information from theoretical predictions.

Assembled in three parts?Modeling and Measurements in Heat Transfer, Inverse Heat Transfer Problems, and Applications?this self-contained resource:

• Explores theoretical background and examples
• Outlines practical applications, including sample test cases
• Presents inverse techniques to estimate spatially and time-varying functions (such as heat sources, fluxes, and thermophysical properties), as well as constant parameters in heat transfer problems

Written by international experts, this book assumes basic heat transfer knowledge, presenting a balanced approach suitable for advanced undergraduates and graduate students, as well as practicing engineers and academic and industrial researchers. With coverage of modeling at the micro- and nanoscales, this book covers classic and novel approaches to help readers understand and solve heat transfer problems of all kinds.

This is the second of three essential reference volumes for those concerned with the installation and servicing of domestic and industrial equipment. This handy volume explains the basic principles underlying the practical and theoretical aspects of installing and servicing gas appliances and associated equipment. Covering both Natural Gas and Liquefied Petroleum Gas, the many illustrations and worked examples included throughout the text will help the reader to understand the principles under discussion.
Volume 2 of the Gas Service Technology Series will enable the reader to put into practice the safe installation and servicing procedures described in the companion volumes: Basic Science and Practice of Gas Service (Volume 1), and Industrial and Commercial Gas Installation Practice (Volume 3). Combining a comprehensive reference with practical application in real-world engineering contexts, Volume 2 provides an essential handbook for all aspects of fundamental gas servicing technology, ideal for both students new to the field as well as professionals and non-operational professionals (e.g. specifiers, managers, supervisors) as an ongoing source of reference.

This is the third of three essential reference volumes for those concerned with the installation and servicing of domestic and industrial gas equipment. This volume explains the basic principles underlying the practical and theoretical aspects of installing and servicing gas appliances and associated equipment, from the basics of combustion, to burners, pressure and flow, transfer of heat, controls, as well as materials and processes, electrical aspects, and metering and measuring devices. Covering both Natural Gas and Liquefied Petroleum Gas, the many illustrations and worked examples included throughout the text will help the reader to understand the principles under discussion.
Volume 3 of the Gas Service Technology Series will enable the reader to put into practice the safe installation and servicing procedures described in the companion volumes: Basic Science and Practice of Gas Service (Volume 1), and Domestic Gas Installation Practice (Volume 2). Combining a comprehensive reference with practical application in real-world engineering contexts, Volume 3 provides an essential handbook for all aspects of fundamental gas servicing technology, ideal for both students new to the field as well as professionals and non-operational professionals (e.g. specifiers, managers, supervisors) as an ongoing source of reference.

Considers the life-cycle cost analysis of designing energy efficient electrical distribution systems. Addresses design requirements to integrate buildings with smart grids and micro-grids. Provides an overview of both standard and energy efficient electrical distribution components, including transformers, protection devices, conductors, controllers, and panels. Features a new chapter on optimal design energy efficient and resilient power systems. Includes case studies, exercises, and end-of-chapter problems.

Unique approach from a high-profile author and speaker Very few texts exist on designing for psychological and physiological needs, and those that do exist are heavy academic tomes of little use to busy managers and designers The book is written by a practicing environmental psychologist, with both research and consulting experience, giving a unique and pragmatic perspective on office design and operation

Solar Domestic Water Heating is a comprehensive introduction to all aspects of solar domestic water heating systems. As fossil fuel prices continue to rise and awareness of climate change grows, interest in domestic solar water heating is expanding. Solar water heating technology is the most environmentally-friendly way to heat water. This fully-illustrated and easy-to-follow guide shows how domestic solar water heating systems work, the different types of systems, types of collectors, both flat plate and evacuated tube, types of storage tanks and other accessories. It also shows how systems are installed and explains how solar water heating can be integrated into existing water heating systems. Numerous examples from around the world have been included. The ideal guide for plumbers, heating engineers, builders and architects, housing and property developers, home owners and DIY enthusiasts, and anyone who needs a clear introduction to solar water heating technology.

Contents:
1. Human Comfort and Ventilation 2. Ventilation Requirements 3. Air Infiltration 4. Principles of Air Jets and Pumps 5. Air Diffusion Devices 6. Design of Room Air Distribution Systems 7. Natural, Hybrid and Low Energy Ventilation 8. Computational Fluid Dynamics in Room Airflow Analysis 9. Measurement of Indoor Climate Appendix A Air Infiltration Calculation Software Appendix B CFD Codes

Contents:
1. Human Comfort and Ventilation 2. Ventilation Requirements 3. Air Infiltration 4. Principles of Air Jets and Pumps 5. Air Diffusion Devices 6. Design of Room Air Distribution Systems 7. Natural, Hybrid and Low Energy Ventilation 8. Computational Fluid Dynamics in Room Airflow Analysis 9. Measurement of Indoor Climate Appendix A Air Infiltration Calculation Software Appendix B CFD Codes

In the almost sixty years since the publication of the first edition of HVAC Engineer's Handbook, it has become widely known as a highly useful and definitive reference for HVAC engineers and technicians alike, and those working on domestic hot and cold water services, gas supply and steam services.The 11th edition continues in the tradition of previous editions, being easily transportable and therefore an integral part of the HVAC engineer or technician's daily tools. Newly updated data on natural ventilation, ventilation rates, free cooling and night-time cooling, make the 11th edition of the HVAC Engineer's Handbook a vital source of information.Fred Porges has worked in both the manufacturing and process industries, and became a partner in a building services consultancy in 1962. He has held senior positions with design contractors, and his experience covers every building service and type of building from schools to housing, factories to laboratories.

Over the past 20 years, energy conservation imperatives, the use of computer based design aids, and major advances in intelligent management systems for buildings have transformed the design and operation of comfort systems for buildings. The "rules of thumb" used by designers in the1970s are no longer viable. Today, building systems engineers must have a strong analytical basis for design synthesis processes.

But how can you develop this basis? Do you have on your shelf a reference that describes all the latest methods? Does it cover everything from the fundamentals to state-of-the art, intelligent systems? Does it do so in practical way that you can easily access and use when you need to?

The Handbook of Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning does. It combines practice and theory, systems and control, and the latest methods and technologies to provide, in one volume, all of the modern design and operation information needed by HVAC engineers.

The Handbook of Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning will stay up-to-date while other resources become outmoded and go through lengthy revision and reprint processes. Through a link on the CRC Web site, owners of the Handbook can access new material periodically posted by the author.

'Lighting Engineering: Applied Calculations' describes the mathematical background to the calculation techniques used in lighting engineering and links them to the applications with which they are used. The fundamentals of flux and illuminance, colour, measurement and optical design are covered in detail. There are detailed discussions of specific applications, including interior lighting, road lighting, tunnel lighting, floodlighting and emergency lighting. The authors have used their years of experience to provide guidance for common mistakes and useful techniques including worked examples and case studies.
The last decade has seen the universal application of personal computers to lighting engineering on a day-to-day basis. Many calculations that were previously impracticable are therefore now easily accessible to any engineer or designer who has access to an appropriate computer program. However, a grasp of the underlying calculation principles is still necessary in order to utilise these technologies to the full.
Written by two of the leading authorities on this subject, 'Lighting Engineering' is essential reading for practising lighting engineers, designers and architects, and students in the field of lighting.
* Provides you with detailed calculations and shows you how to apply them in practical situations
* Benefit from the author teams' acknowledged expertise in the field
* Learn to utilise new technologies to the full

'Building Control Systems' provides the building services engineer with a comprehensive understanding of modern control systems and relevant information technology. This will ensure that the best form of control systems for the building is specified and that proper provision is made for its installation, commissioning, operation and maintenance.
Beginning with an overview of the benefits of the modern building control system, the authors describe the different controls and their applications, and include advice on their set-up and tuning for stable operation. There are chapters on the practical design of control systems, how to work from the hardware components and their inclusion in networks, through to control strategies in Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) systems and whole buildings.
The relationship between Building, Management Systems (BMS) and information technology systems is discussed, and the building procurement process and the importance of considering control requirements at an early stage in the design process
7Provides a comprehensive overview of the control systems available
7Outlines the practical design aspects of installing and maintaining building control systems
7Helps you to choose the best form of control system for each individual building

A unique and revolutionary text which explains the principles behind the LT Method (2.1), a manual design tool developed in Cambridge by the BRE. The LT Method is a unique way of estimating the combined energy usage of lighting, heating, cooling and ventilation systems, to enable the designer to make comparisons between options at an early, strategic stage.
In addition,Energy and Environment in Architecture the book deals with other environmental issues such as noise, thermal comfort and natural ventilation design. A variety of case studies provide a critique of real buildings and highlight good practice. These topics include thermal comfort, noise and natural ventilation.


eBook available with sample pages: 0203223012

In the almost sixty years since the publication of the first edition of HVAC Engineer's Handbook, it has become widely known as a highly useful and definitive reference for HVAC engineers and technicians alike, and those working on domestic hot and cold water services, gas supply and steam services. The 11th edition continues in the tradition of previous editions, being easily transportable and therefore an integral part of the HVAC engineer or technician's daily tools. Newly updated data on natural ventilation, ventilation rates, free cooling and night-time cooling, make the 11th edition of the HVAC Engineer's Handbook a vital source of information. Fred Porges has worked in both the manufacturing and process industries, and became a partner in a building services consultancy in 1962. He has held senior positions with design contractors, and his experience covers every building service and type of building from schools to housing, factories to laboratories.

This textbook covers fundamental and advanced concepts of computational fluid dynamics, a powerful and essential tool for fluid flow analysis. It discusses various governing equations used in the field, their derivations, and the physical and mathematical significance of partial differential equations and the boundary conditions. It covers fundamental concepts of finite difference and finite volume methods for diffusion, convection-diffusion problems both for cartesian and non-orthogonal grids. The solution of algebraic equations arising due to finite difference and finite volume discretization are highlighted using direct and iterative methods. Pedagogical features including solved problems and unsolved exercises are interspersed throughout the text for better understanding. The textbook is primarily written for senior undergraduate and graduate students in the field of mechanical engineering and aerospace engineering, for a course on computational fluid dynamics and heat transfer. The textbook will be accompanied by teaching resources including a solution manual for the instructors. Written clearly and with sufficient foundational background to strengthen fundamental knowledge of the topic. Offers a detailed discussion of both finite difference and finite volume methods. Discusses various higher-order bounded convective schemes, TVD discretisation schemes based on the flux limiter essential for a general purpose CFD computation. Discusses algorithms connected with pressure-linked equations for incompressible flow. Covers turbulence modelling like k- , k- , SST k- , Reynolds Stress Transport models. A separate chapter on best practice guidelines is included to help CFD practitioners.

Passive House Details introduces the concepts, principles, and design processes of building ultralow-energy buildings. The objective of this book is to provide design goals, research, analysis, systems, details, and inspiring images of some of the most energy-efficient, carbon-neutral, healthy, and satisfying buildings currently built in the region. Other topics included: heat transfer, moisture management, performance targets, and climatic zones. Illustrated with more than 375 color images, the book is a visual catalog of construction details, materials, and systems drawn from projects contributed from forty firms. Fourteen in-depth case studies demonstrate the most energy-efficient systems for foundations, walls, floors, roofs, windows, doors, and more.