Learn how to create professional collaboration between HIV/AIDS researchers and community organizations for the benefit of all! This book is designed to help frontline prevention organizations answer two questions that are of utmost importance. First, how effective are their services; and second, can their work be improved? The absence of rigorous evaluation is a barrier to stable funding for community organizations, and the strategies in Preventing AIDS: Community-Science Collaborations can help overcome that barrier. The book is a guide to successful cooperative efforts between researchers and community-based organizations. The information it presents will help community-based programs acquire detailed, timely information on program effectiveness and outcomes. It also provides researchers with methods for accessing hard-to-reach or hidden HIV high-risk groups. Handy tables and figures make important data easy to access and understand. In Preventing AIDS: Community-Science Collaborations, you'll learn about the difficult but critically important collaboration between community organizations who do frontline prevention work and university scientists who evaluate the effectiveness of that work. The book describes the community-researcher equal partner collaboration (CREPC) model for community-based collaborative research. In addition, it examines six unique efforts to prevent the spread of AIDS among high-risk populations, such as prostitutes, injection drug users, impoverished pregnant women, migrant workers, transgendered persons, and prison inmates. The case studies in Preventing AIDS: Community-Science Collaborations describe the frustrations of outreach workers and counselors who suddenly must help design a survey they fear will be intrusive, and the parallel problems faced by scientists who are told that their traditional measures mean little to outreach workers. Preventing AIDS: Community-Science Collaborations presents funders' perspectives on collaborative AIDS research and examines the collaborative and funding aspects of: the CAL-PEP prevention programs for drug injectors and sex workers efforts to promote HIV prevention for migrant farm workers and evaluate those efforts' effectiveness the ongoing collaboration between The Center for AIDS Prevention Studies (University of California, San Francisco), Centerforce (a statewide nonprofit agency providing services and advocacy to prisoners and their families), and San Quentin State Prison the effort of the Los Angeles County HIV Epidemiology Program and three community-based organizations, which collaborate to provide culturally appropriate outreach and HIV education/prevention services to transgendered individuals of various ethnic origins San Francisco's PHREDA project and the way its creators collaborated to better understand and serve high-risk women The U-Find-Out (UFO) Study, funded by the Universitywide AIDS Research Program of the State of California

Learn how to create professional collaboration between HIV/AIDS researchers and community organizations for the benefit of all! This book is designed to help frontline prevention organizations answer two questions that are of utmost importance. First, how effective are their services; and second, can their work be improved? The absence of rigorous evaluation is a barrier to stable funding for community organizations, and the strategies in Preventing AIDS: Community-Science Collaborations can help overcome that barrier. The book is a guide to successful cooperative efforts between researchers and community-based organizations. The information it presents will help community-based programs acquire detailed, timely information on program effectiveness and outcomes. It also provides researchers with methods for accessing hard-to-reach or hidden HIV high-risk groups. Handy tables and figures make important data easy to access and understand. In Preventing AIDS: Community-Science Collaborations, you'll learn about the difficult but critically important collaboration between community organizations who do frontline prevention work and university scientists who evaluate the effectiveness of that work. The book describes the community-researcher equal partner collaboration (CREPC) model for community-based collaborative research. In addition, it examines six unique efforts to prevent the spread of AIDS among high-risk populations, such as prostitutes, injection drug users, impoverished pregnant women, migrant workers, transgendered persons, and prison inmates. The case studies in Preventing AIDS: Community-Science Collaborations describe the frustrations of outreach workers and counselors who suddenly must help design a survey they fear will be intrusive, and the parallel problems faced by scientists who are told that their traditional measures mean little to outreach workers. Preventing AIDS: Community-Science Collaborations presents funders' perspectives on collaborative AIDS research and examines the collaborative and funding aspects of: the CAL-PEP prevention programs for drug injectors and sex workers efforts to promote HIV prevention for migrant farm workers and evaluate those efforts' effectiveness the ongoing collaboration between The Center for AIDS Prevention Studies (University of California, San Francisco), Centerforce (a statewide nonprofit agency providing services and advocacy to prisoners and their families), and San Quentin State Prison the effort of the Los Angeles County HIV Epidemiology Program and three community-based organizations, which collaborate to provide culturally appropriate outreach and HIV education/prevention services to transgendered individuals of various ethnic origins San Francisco's PHREDA project and the way its creators collaborated to better understand and serve high-risk women The U-Find-Out (UFO) Study, funded by the Universitywide AIDS Research Program of the State of California

Get a detailed overview of the social services provided for HIV-infected midlife and older adults, and find out where social work practice with this growing population is headed! As more potent medications are being developed to treat HIV, people who have contracted the virus are living longer lives than previously expected. Survival means new side effects and increasingly complex issues, now compounded by the diseases of aging. All this presents unprecedented challenges to social service and benefit systems. Midlife and Older Adults and HIV: Implications for Social Service Research, Practice and Policy introduces policymakers and policy analysts, practitioners in the helping professions, and the public to available social services for aging adults who are living with HIV/AIDS. It also addresses midlife and older adults at risk of HIV infection as well as aging persons whose lives are affected by relatives and friends living with HIV. Midlife and Older Adults and HIV provides a comprehensive examination of this emerging field of practice. Specific chapters examine prevention, family care, vulnerability, inclusion, and the disease process itself. It lays out the broad terrain of future social work practice with HIV-infected elders and elders affected by HIV. The book concludes with reflections on survivorship during the past two decades from six older community leaders living with HIV/AIDS. It also provides current research findings, innovative conceptual models, an invaluable compendium of resource information from the National Association of HIV Over Fifty, and program ideas to address the HIV epidemic within the aging population. The issues addressed in Midlife and Older Adults and HIV include: HIV prevention initiatives coordination and integration of local service networks the health, social, and financial risks facing women with HIV the health consequences of HIV/AIDS and its interactions with normal aging the use of behavioral reinforcement methods as interventions perceptions of vulnerability to HIV among older African-American women and the role of intimate partners and much more! Midlife and Older Adults and HIV is a comprehensive resource on social services for aging adults who are living with HIV/AIDS. It serves as a record of what is known and what is presently being learned about practice in this constantly evolving field. The book is a call to action for social workers and other human service professionals to anticipate and plan for the emerging needs of persons with HIV/AIDS who are rapidly growing older. The array of topics covered in this volume also makes it ideal as a supplemental textbook in courses on HIV and aging.

Get a detailed overview of the social services provided for HIV-infected midlife and older adults, and find out where social work practice with this growing population is headed! As more potent medications are being developed to treat HIV, people who have contracted the virus are living longer lives than previously expected. Survival means new side effects and increasingly complex issues, now compounded by the diseases of aging. All this presents unprecedented challenges to social service and benefit systems. Midlife and Older Adults and HIV: Implications for Social Service Research, Practice and Policy introduces policymakers and policy analysts, practitioners in the helping professions, and the public to available social services for aging adults who are living with HIV/AIDS. It also addresses midlife and older adults at risk of HIV infection as well as aging persons whose lives are affected by relatives and friends living with HIV. Midlife and Older Adults and HIV provides a comprehensive examination of this emerging field of practice. Specific chapters examine prevention, family care, vulnerability, inclusion, and the disease process itself. It lays out the broad terrain of future social work practice with HIV-infected elders and elders affected by HIV. The book concludes with reflections on survivorship during the past two decades from six older community leaders living with HIV/AIDS. It also provides current research findings, innovative conceptual models, an invaluable compendium of resource information from the National Association of HIV Over Fifty, and program ideas to address the HIV epidemic within the aging population. The issues addressed in Midlife and Older Adults and HIV include: HIV prevention initiatives coordination and integration of local service networks the health, social, and financial risks facing women with HIV the health consequences of HIV/AIDS and its interactions with normal aging the use of behavioral reinforcement methods as interventions perceptions of vulnerability to HIV among older African-American women and the role of intimate partners and much more! Midlife and Older Adults and HIV is a comprehensive resource on social services for aging adults who are living with HIV/AIDS. It serves as a record of what is known and what is presently being learned about practice in this constantly evolving field. The book is a call to action for social workers and other human service professionals to anticipate and plan for the emerging needs of persons with HIV/AIDS who are rapidly growing older. The array of topics covered in this volume also makes it ideal as a supplemental textbook in courses on HIV and aging.

Improve quality of life for patients with HIV/AIDS! Practice Issues in HIV/AIDS Services: Empowerment-Based Models and Program Applications provides a sound framework of intervention practices for case managers and care coordinators to help HIV/AIDS patients live longer and healthier lives. This book focuses on client-based care that addresses the social and psychological needs of the patient as well as his or her physical and medical requirements. Filled with concrete information and recommendations from practitioners and researchers, this instructive text will help increase the effectiveness of your role in the client's treatment. Practice Issues in HIV/AIDS Services leads the reader from a conceptual framework of approaches related to the ongoing HIV/AIDS crises to specific case studies focused mainly on interventions. Practice models of case management are discussed and applied to clients with special needs, including injection drug users, Mexican migrant farm workers, and African-American underserved populations. Examples of the practice models discussed in this book include: the Generalist social work practice modelemphasizing problem-solving at various system levels through the process of relationship building, data gathering, assessing, intervening, evaluating interventions, and terminating services the Broker modelfocusing on activities which will increase the client's linkage to services, then terminating the client-case manager relationship the Therapeutic or Clinical modelestablishing a relationship with the case manager as a treatment provider with rapport and trust as a therapeutic intervention the Therapeutic Team Approach or Assertive Community Treatment (ACT)utilizing multidisciplinary teams to provide a range of specialty services to clients with the intent to reduce unnecessary hospitalizations and improve independent functioning in the community. Well referenced, with dependable methodologies and sound conclusions, Practice Issues in HIV/AIDS Services is an essential text for case managers, health professionals, and educators and students of social work. Its emphasis on special populations, with new approaches to case management and techniques to strengthen present ones, makes this book an important addition to anyone's reference collection.

The book focuses on HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment strategies in resource-poor settings. Contributors include HIV/AIDS researchers and public health administrators from the US, Africa, China, and Thailand. Several chapters, written by local health officials, take a close look at AIDS prevention and treatment in China at the community level. Other chapters cover issues of treatment scale-up, drug resistance, and mother-to-child transmission in Southern Africa and Thailand, and offer lessons learned for researchers in other developing countries. Overall the aim of this book is to bring some of the latest issues to the fore, and to foster exchange and collaboration between AIDS researchers in developing countries. This book grew out of an annual conference held in China and organized by the Harvard School of Public Health, and could possibly become the first volume of a series.

Our understanding, prevention, and treatment of HIV have made remarkable strides in the past two decades, but the way has not been smooth or straight. Part history, part narrative, and mainly "scientific autopsy," this book is an insider's account of the errors, controversies, and corrections that have marked the first 25 years of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in the United States. The author discusses the sources of these errors and controversies and provides many examples. These range from the scientifically contentious and protracted-- such as laboratory contaminations that lead to identifying HTLV-III and HTLV-IV, or arguments that there were HIV patients who were "silently infected," and not detectable by standard HIV tests--to controversies that the scientific community quickly evaluated and discarded--such as the belief that HIV is spread by mosquitoes, or that one AIDS-associated cancer is caused by "poppers," nitrates inhaled for sexual stimulation. This book describes how these many scientific errors occurred, how they got propagated, how they distracted researchers and the public, and how they got corrected. Holmberg, a longtime past Chief of Epidemiology in the CDC's Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, shows us how scientific errors and controversies inevitably occur in the absence, ignorance, or dismissal of good data, and the promotion of bad data or analyses. He suggests reforms of governmental processes, medical and scientific journal review, and in graduate education that may help scientists recognize and correct errors faster, and so deal with future epidemics more efficiently.

This book reflects cutting-edge science that has only recently become available. It is a comprehensive assortment of new approaches to HIV prevention. It describes a set of prevention strategies that do not solely rely on male condoms, including: the use of HIV antibody testing and negotiated safety', abstinence, control of sexually transmitted diseases, treatment advances as prevention, and psychopharmacology to assist with behavior change. It is of interest to HIV prevention scientists, health psychologists, health educators, and public health workers in the communities at risk.

This collection" "expands the framework for understanding the HIV/AIDS pandemic as not only a humanitarian catastrophe, but also as a threat to state and international security. While establishing a theoretical framework to address major security themes from civil and international wars to democratic stability and international institutions, the contributors collectively show that the pandemic represents one of the most complex security problems confronting individual states and the international system today.

Make sense out of confusing HIV/AIDS terminology Finally, here is a reference work that contains clear and useful definitions of words, phrases, and medical terms associated with HIV/AIDS The Encyclopedic Dictionary of AIDS-Related Terminology is an easy-to-understand guide to all of the mainstream jargon surrounding this epidemic. This user-friendly volume brings you a number of essential features, such as: popular and scientific names of conditions and medicines listings of addresses and contact information for organizations and government agencies that are concerned with HIV/AIDS definitions of historical terms, abbreviations, and acronyms related to HIV/AIDS details of corporate and organizational involvement with HIV/AIDS research, prevention, and interventionThe Encyclopedic Dictionary of AIDS-Related Terminology also includes entries that describe and relate to legal, social, psychological, and religious issues, not just medical terms, to give readers a complete source that will meet all of their needs. With this single resource, you will be able to easily and thoroughly understand the sometimes complex jargon associated with HIV/AIDS. For librarians, AIDS service organizations, people living with AIDS, and the general public, the Encyclopedic Dictionary of AIDS-Related Terminology is a comprehensive guide to conditions and medical terms associated with HIV/AIDS. Dates, histories, addresses, telephone numbers, and Web site addresses are included with many entries.Including words specific to the epidemic as well as related psychosocial phrases, this essential volume offers you definitions of HIV/AIDS medications and listings of organizations and government agencies that are concerned with the disease.

Make sense out of confusing HIV/AIDS terminology!Finally, here is a reference work that contains clear and useful definitions of words, phrases, and medical terms associated with HIV/AIDS! The Encyclopedic Dictionary of AIDS-Related Terminology is an easy-to-understand guide to all of the mainstream jargon surrounding this epidemic. This user-friendly volume brings you a number of essential features, such as: popular and scientific names of conditions and medicines listings of addresses and contact information for organizations and government agencies that are concerned with HIV/AIDS definitions of historical terms, abbreviations, and acronyms related to HIV/AIDS details of corporate and organizational involvement with HIV/AIDS research, prevention, and intervention The Encyclopedic Dictionary of AIDS-Related Terminology also includes entries that describe and relate to legal, social, psychological, and religious issues, not just medical terms, to give readers a complete source that will meet all of their needs. With this single resource, you will be able to easily and thoroughly understand the sometimes complex jargon associated with HIV/AIDS. For librarians, AIDS service organizations, people living with AIDS, and the general public, the Encyclopedic Dictionary of AIDS-Related Terminology is a comprehensive guide to conditions and medical terms associated with HIV/AIDS. Dates, histories, addresses, telephone numbers, and Web site addresses are included with many entries.Including words specific to the epidemic as well as related psychosocial phrases, this essential volume offers you definitions of HIV/AIDS medications and listings of organizations and government agencies that are concerned with the disease.

This edited collection investigates the biomedical and social technologies used to control the HIV pandemic through case studies and critical commentaries from Africa, Europe, North America and Australia. With reference to global and local complexities, the volume engages with HIV treatment access, community-based health promotion, sexual health, HIV prevention and the relations between treatment and prevention. The volume includes chapters from leading authors in their fields and takes a trans-disciplinary approach by making reference to theoretical and empirical research from sociology, psychology, cultural studies and science and technology studies, thus helping to establish new ways of understanding current and future configurations of HIV technologies.

All over the world, families and communities are key providers of care and support. This is particularly true in relation to serious illnesses such as HIV and AIDS. Yet families and communities can also stigmatise their members, leaving people to die in the most appalling conditions. This book examines the diversity of family and community responses to HIV and AIDS. By examining contexts such as nuclear, extended and refugee family households, and gay community networks and structures, it offers insight into the factors which lead to positive responses and those which trigger negative ones.

Addressing contemporary issues faced by individuals with HIV/AIDS, AIDS and Mental Health Practice: Clinical and Policy Issues provides psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors with research and case studies that offers models for effective clinical practice at this stage of the epidemic. Each chapter is written by experts in the field and demonstrates ways to provide better services to different populations, many of whom are ignored in AIDS and mental health literature. As a result, this book will provide professionals in the field and students in training with the most current practice information about mental health practice and HIV/AIDS. AIDS and Mental Health Practice will help you understand the diverse needs of people with HIV/AIDS and organize services to assist these populations. AIDS and Mental Health Practice discusses issues that affect several different groups in order to help you understand the unique situations of your clients. You will learn how to design treatments that will be most beneficial to Latinos, intravenous drug users, orphaned children, African Americans, HIV-negative gay men, HIV nonprogressors, HIV-positive transsexuals, end-stage AIDS clients, couples of mixed HIV status, and individuals suffering from HIV-associated Cognitive Motor Disorder. This book provides you with approaches that will improve services for these populations, including: talking to patients about the positive and negative aspects of taking protease inhibitors and discussing their feelings of hope, skepticism, and fear of being disappointed by the treatment preparing clients to go back to work by exploring the meaning of work and referring them to vocational services if necessary providing support groups for people living with AIDS (PLWAs), their loved ones, their families, and individuals in bereavement as a result of an AIDS-related death organizing a HIV-negative gay men's support group that uses exercises and homework to focus on the members'ambivalent connection to the AIDS community, how they remain HIV negative, and ways to deal with separation and grief issues assessing and/or correcting underlying racism in AIDS service organizationsThe prevention and intervention strategies in Mental Health and AIDS Practice will help you address and treat mental health issues associated with HIV/AIDS and offer clients more effective and relevant services.

In The HIV-Negative Gay Man: Developing Strategies for Survival and Emotional Well-Being, you ll get instant access to some of the most recent information on the market today about remaining HIV-negative. You ll come in contact with a wealth of information concerning the psychosocial and psychosexual needs of HIV-negative gay men and discover strategies for staying uninfected and cultivating a meaningful way of life in the face of HIV/AIDS.Compiled by both professionals and peers, The HIV-Negative Gay Man goes to the front-lines of HIV prevention to help you understand the most beneficial and dependable ways of preserving the value of life and living it to the fullest. Radically reshaping and rehumanizing traditional HIV prevention efforts, these updated and personalized approaches will give you many individual strategies for survival in a world in which the link between sex and survival has been turned upside-down. You ll find new ways to expand and enrich your own coping repertoire as you explore these topics: how the HIV-negative gay man 's complex emotional reactions change what peer groups can do when creating and experimenting with new identities and roles when group work needs to be short-term or long-term why a sex life vocabulary needs to be built where Latino Men can learn critical thinking about internalized homophobia and transgression survival mechanisms changing attitudes as a result of the development of protease inhibitors and new drug therapies in HIV preventionIn The HIV-Negative Gay Man, you ll find that the road to survival is a long one but a road that can be travelled and enjoyed if the right strategies are applied. This book is a "road map" for survival. In it, you ll meet many brave professionals who are currently fighting on the front lines of HIV prevention and coming forward to share their own personal stories of survival. In turn, you ll learn from them and eventually tell your own survival story to someone else along the way.

In this startling new collection of case studies entitled HIV/AIDS and the Drug Culture: Shattered Lives, you ll take an eye-opening and informative look at the lifestyle and culture of the HIV/AIDS intravenous drug users (IVDUs). You ll see how health care providers and caregivers can update their methods and mindsets in order to meet the needs of this special cross-section of patients.In each chapter of HIV/AIDS and the Drug Culture, you ll gain instant access to full medical and psychosocial histories. You ll also find summaries of important events, clues to recognize, and strategies to safely manage each problematic situation that might arise, all of which will speed you on your way to more effectively and professionally administering to current and former intravenous drug users. Specifically, you ll read about: facts about needle exchange programs, injection drug use, and seroprevalence among IVDUs developing and assessing coping skills applying harm reduction models relapse prevention identifying and dealing with manipulative behaviorsBecause most health care providers only deal with a small number of HIV/AIDS IVDU cases, they lack the opportunity to construct valuable and viable plans for dealing with such patients. Now, finally, you have this guide to help you. So, if you re a nurse, social worker, health care provider, case manager, therapist, or someone interested in learning about the latest information regarding health care and intravenous drug use, let HIV/AIDS and the Drug Culture introduce you to the culture of the drug user and the best plans for meeting his or her health care needs. "

Contents:
Global perspectives on drug injecting; the social context of injectors' risk behaviour; health and social consequences of injecting drug use; drug injecting and HIV-1 infection - major findings from the multi-city study; new injectors and HIV-1 risk; the structure of stable seroprevalence HIV- 1 epidemics among injecting drug users; mobility and the diffusion of drug injecting and HIV infection; modelling the HIV-1 and AIDS epidemic among drug injectors; drug injecting and sexual safety - cross-national comparisons among cocaine and opioid injectors; cities responding to HIV- 1 epidemics among injecting drug users; prison and HIV-1 infection among drug injectors; preventing epidemics of HIV-1 among injecting drug users; overview - policies and interventions to stem HIV-1 epidemics associated with injecting drug use; appendix 1 - methodology of the World Health Organization multi-city study on drug injecting and risk of HIV infection; appendix 2 - city epidemics and contexts; appendix 3 - contributors and collaborating agencies in the World Health Organization multi-city study on drug injecting and risk of HIV infection.

Drug Injecting and HIV Infection is a comparative international study of drug injecting behaviour and HIV infection based on the World Health Organization's study of 13 cities as disparate as Athens, Bangkok, Glasgow and Rio de Janeiro. Using a standardized methodology for the collection of data, as well as central data management and analysis, this study represents the largest international project of its kind. It presents a comprehensive overview of what is currently known about drug injecting, HIV infection, epidemic dynamics and possibilities for prevention.
Stressing the importance of linking research to intervention and policy, the contributors emphasize the need to place HIV and policy issues on the international agenda. Written by experts in the field, this global study offers an in-depth and definitive analysis of the subject.

First published in 1997. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

Renaud should be commended for her objective of contributing to the solution of contemporary socioeconomic problems associated with AIDS in Senegal.. -o Ann Reed, Indiana University of Africa Today The contributions of anthropologists to the interpretation, management, and eventual resolution of the worldwide AIDS crisis have received less popular attention than those of medical professionals, perhaps because "soft" science is viewed as irrelevant to the hoped- for medical breakthrough. This engaging book, with its emphasis on cultural context (especially local religious and health-related beliefs and practices) and its wealth of practical implications (most notably regarding male condom acceptance), belies that notion in a compelling way, through the words of sensible and courageous women involved in (legal) prostitution in Senegal, West Africa. Based on dissertation research, the book describes a remarkably successful AIDS education project under which prostitutes not only changed their own behavior but also that of their clients. There are practical ideas for AIDS prevention education here, and there is also good anthropology. Renaud used a variety of ethnogra -o M. A. Gwynne of SUNY at St HIV ravaged the African continent faster and earlier than any other in the world, spreading primarily through unprotected heterosexual sex. Kaolack, Senegal is a town where travelers and prostitutes converge, and HIV transmission rates have soared, especially among the prostitutes. Going beyond empirical analysis of risk/behavior data, Women at the Crossroads tells the stories of these women in their own words. The women portrayed keep their profession a secret from their families and friends, but abide by Senegalese law which states that prostitution is legal for those who register with the police and undergo bi-monthly health examinations. By observing one clinic's successful AIDS education campaign, anthropologist Michelle Renaud demons

Activism and Marginalization in the AIDS Crisis shows readers how the advent of HIV-disease has brought into question the utility of certain forms of "activism" as they relate to understanding and fighting the social impacts of disease. This informative and powerful book is centrally concerned about the ways in which institutionally governed social constructions of HIV/AIDS affect policy and public images of the disease more so than activist efforts. It asserts that an accounting of the power institutional structures have over the dominant social constructions of HIV disease is fundamental to adequate forms of present and future AIDS activism. Chapters in Activism and Marginalization in the AIDS Crisis demonstrate how, despite what is thought of as the "successful activism" of the past decade, the claims of the HIV-positive are still being ignored, still being marginalized, and still being administratively "handled" and exploited even as the plight of those who find themselves HIV-positive worsens. Although chapters reject the assertion that activism has been a highly effective remedy to HIV-positive voicelessness, authors do not deny that activists have been vocal, but that they continue to be ignored despite their vocality.Contributors in Activism and Marginalization in the AIDS Crisis offer numerous examples of institutional control and demonstrate that institutional structures, and not activists, are controlling the public meaning of HIV-related issues. Readers learn how messages about HIV/AIDS are produced, negotiated, modified, and sustained through institutional mechanisms that serve mostly institutional interests rather than those of the HIV-positive. In gaining an understanding of these issues, readers will begin to learn how to modify and strengthen activist efforts with valuable insight on: the lack of HIV-positive voices in mainstream news portrayals of HIV/AIDS research on constructions of HIV-disease at the state government level social constructions and how they affect HIV/AIDS policy the political construction of AIDS and interest-based struggles the emergent "bio-politics" of HIV and homosexuality in the U.S. how institutional power works to govern public understanding of HIV diseaseInstitutional structures are defined in this book as groups engaged in and defined by the production of various "truths" which sustain them. Institutional power may be defined as the capacity to regulate, constrain, and disseminate versions of "truth." Activism and Marginalization in the AIDS Crisis reveals how HIV activist groups have been outmaneuvered when it comes to the production and dissemination of various "truths" about HIV/AIDS by institutional structures more deeply steeped in social legitimacy and which have a superior capacity for message dissemination.HIV/AIDS activists, HIV-positive persons and those with AIDS, HIV/AIDS educators, public and institutional policymakers, health professionals, and the general public will find this book essential to understanding the social constructions of HIV/AIDS, how these affect HIV/AIDS-related policy and public opinion, and how to begin to cipher through the plethora of information to find and promote the "truth."

This study draws on feminist theory, cultural studies, the philosophy of science, and gay and lesbian studies to problematize the factual scientific discourse about AIDS, and interpret it as a political discourse. Waldby argues that much AIDS discourse relies on an implicit and unconscious equation between sexual health and heterosexual masculinity. In this equation, women, bisexual and gay men are the targets of preventative programmes, while heterosexual men tend to remain unaddressed by such programmes. Drawing upon examples of preventative policies from Australia, Britain and the USA, Waldby investigates the concept of public health and questions whose interests are represented in a "healthy society". It demonstrates the extent to which established ideas about the virus: the immune system, the HIV test and the epidemiology of the disease, rely upon unexamined, conservative assumptions about sexual identity and sexual difference.

It is estimated that 90 per cent of those who are HIV positive are in employment. However, the significant body of literature into HIV/AIDS to date has primarily focused on the medical aspects of the disease and its implications for health/social policy. There has been little analysis of the employment implications of HIV/AIDS, and what does exist is essentially descriptive and usually limited to legal features of the employment relationship. This text provides a review of the theoretical and practical issues which bear upon organisational responses to HIV/AIDS. The authors set these responses in a historical and international context, before analysing recent research findings. In the first three chapters, issues are explored through an analysis which highlights international convergences and divergences. The remaining chapters draw on the authors' research to explore the "internal" dynamics of HIV/AIDS in the workplace.

This is not another book about how AIDS is out of control in Africa and Third World nations, or one complaining about the inadequacy of secured funds to fight the pandemic. The author looks objectively at countries that have succeeded in reducing HIV infection rates...along with a worrisome flip side to the progress. The largely medical solutions funded by major donors have had little impact in Africa, the continent hardest hit by AIDS. Instead, relatively simple, low-cost behavioral change programs--stressing increased monogamy and delayed sexual activity for young people--have made the greatest headway in fighting or preventing the disease's spread. Ugandans pioneered these simple, sustainable interventions and achieved significant results. As National Review journalist Rod Dreher put it, "Rather than pay for clinics, gadgets and medical procedures--especially in the important earlier years of its response to the epidemic--Uganda mobilized human resources." In a New York Times interview, Green cited evidence that "partner reduction," promoted as mutual faithfulness, is the single most effective way of reducing the spread of AIDS. That deceptively simple solution is not merely about medical advances or condom use. It is about the ABC model: Abstain, Be faithful, and use Condoms if A and B are impossible. Yet deeply rooted Western biases have obstructed the effectiveness of AIDS prevention. Many Western scientists have attacked the ABC approach as impossible and moralistic. Some Western activists and HIV carriers have been outraged, thinking the approach passes moral judgment on their behaviors. But there is also a troubling suspicion among a growing number of scientists who support theABC model that certain opponents may simply be AIDS profiteers, more interested in protecting their incomes than battling the disease. This book is a bellwether in the escalating controversy, offering persuasive evidence in support of the ABC approach and exposing the fallacies and motivations of its opponents.