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Books > Professional & Technical > Civil engineering, surveying & building > Hydraulic engineering
Computational hydraulics and hydrologic modeling are rapidly developing fields with a wide range of applications in areas ranging from wastewater disposal and stormwater management to civil and environmental engineering. The fields are full of promise, but while an abundance of literature now exists, it contains a plethora of new terms that are not always defined.
Hydrometry presents a thorough introduction to the science of hydrometry: the measurement of flow in open channels. Dealing with both traditional techniques and innovative new methods and instruments, in line with the latest ISO standards, this book deals with the main themes of hydrometry: the measurement of water levels and bed levels, of discharge and of sediment transport; it considers the use of flow measuring structures, hydrological networks and the organization of surveys. Dr Boiten has extensive experience of teaching students from many countries and backgrounds, and has distilled this experience into a clear and comprehensive account of hydrology and water resource management. Hydrometry will appeal to graduate students and to professionals engaged in hydrology and the management of water resources.
A book of broad interest to professionals, dam engineers and managers, and to organizations responsible for dam development and management, RCC Dams offers a topical account of the design and operation of roller compacted concrete dams, describing the latest developments and innovative technologies in the field. The book considers planning and design, materials and construction, as well as the operation and performance of RCC dams.
The book describes in twelve chapters the modern tools available for the detection and prevention of leaks from dams and reservoirs, including water chemistry, isotope analyses, artificial tracers, permeability tests, geophysical methods and techniques for the localization of water flows both inside the reservoir and boreholes. Numerous case studies are presented corresponding to studies of more than thirty dams performed by researchers in eighteen different countries.
The Proceedings of the Symposium at World Water Day, 2001 presents a discussion of dams and dikes. Various speakers considered the benefits and drawbacks of dams, and there was discussion about why it is that people are against dams in specific situations, and how such situations may be resolved. Solutions are suggested to such controversies. These proceedings contain the full text of the presentations. They will be a useful resource for decision-makers and planners of future projects. This work highlights the international nature of these important hydraulic engineering strucures and both their technology and social implications.
During the life of a dam, changes in safety standards, legislation and land use will inevitably occur, and functional deterioration may also appear. To meet these challenges, these Proceedings from a panel of international experts assess, define and re-evaluate the design criteria for the construction of dams and the many attendant issues in on-going maintenance and management. Authors include international specialists: academics, professionals and those in local government, utilities and suppliers. Practitioners from these same fields will find the book a useful tool in acquiring a comprehensive knowledge of managing and retrofitting dams, so that they can continue to meet society's needs.
This text covers topics such as sinkhole formation and regional studies of sinkholes and karst. Issues addressed are taken from the 8th multidiscilinary conference on this subject and chart the characteristics of sinkholes and karst as well as their environmental repercussions.
This book discusses the 3D printing of sensors, actuators, and antennas and illustrates how manufacturers can create smart materials that can be effectively used to prepare low-cost products. The book also includes how to select the appropriate process for your manufacturing needs. 3D Printing of Sensors, Actuators, and Antennas for Low-Cost Product Manufacturing offers the most recent developments in 3D printing of sensors, actuators, and antennas for low-cost product manufacturing; the book highlights some of the commercially available low-cost 3D printing processes that have higher efficiency and accuracy. Fundamental principles and working methodologies are presented with a critical review of the past work involved and current trends with future predictions. It covers composite and polymeric materials widely used and specifically focuses on low-cost elements. Recent breakthroughs and advantages in product manufacturing when printing smart materials are also discussed. Manufacturing engineers, product designers, manufacturing industries, as well as graduate students, and research scholars will find this book very useful for their work and studies.
The applications of stochastic methods in design by reliability include the better utilisation of hydrological information. With statistical methods one can evaluate the safety component of hydraulic systems. Based on these, extra safety features can be added to ensure the reliable performance of an hydraulic system. One such example is the design of a dam, which features a number of random variables, each with a very distinct and quite different probability function. This book reports on developments in stochastic hydraulics across a wide range of applications, including river hydraulics, sediment transportation, waves and coastal processes, hydrology, hydraulic works and structure, and environmental hydraulics.
This volume looks at recent scientific knowledge and innovative techniques concerning environmental matters. The proceedings focus on topics such as hydraulic protection of territory and defence, utilization of water resources, architecture and planning of fluival/coastal landscape and much more.
This book provides a discussion of the latest research pertaining to the hydraulic design of spilways and to hydraulic engineering in general. It comprises the papers of a workshop organized to bring together engineers and scientists from around the world for the exchange of ideas on water flow over stepped spillways. This workshop covered a range of subjects from two-phase flow characteristics to refurbishment and implementation of spillways in existing dam structures, and the book also includes a number of illustrative case studies. Overall, this book is one of the first in the rapidly growing field of modern hydraulic engineering techniques. It will interest designers, scientists, and graduate students and researchers in the fields of hydraulic, civil and environmental engineering.
A review of the existing applications of geosynthetics and geosystems in hydraulic and coastal engineering, with an overview on material specifications, structural components, relevant tools during conceptual and detail design, possible applications, and execution aspects. A more detailed description is given of new or lesser-known systems and applications. Additional basic information on design methodology and geosynthetics is included to provide a basic framework of information for design purposes.
The first study of Anglo-Saxon and Anglo-Norman canals and
waterways, this book is based on new evidence surrounding the
nature of water transport in the period. England is naturally
well-endowed with a network of navigable rivers, especially the
easterly systems draining into the Thames, Wash and Humber. The
central middle ages saw innovative and extensive development of
this network, including the digging of canals bypassing difficult
stretches of rivers, or linking rivers to important production
centres. The eleventh and twelfth centuries seem to have been the
high point for this dynamic approach to water-transport: after
1200, the improvement of roads and bridges increasingly diverted
resources away from the canals, many of which stagnated with the
reassertion of natural drainage patterns.
This monograph provides an overview of the principles required for a service orientation in the management of irrigation and drainage systems. The material covered is designed to emphasize an area largely neglected in the irrigation and drainage management literature. The dominating philosophy underlying this book is that irrigation and drainage systems must be managed as a service business responsive to the needs and changing requirements of its customers. It is postulated that this service approach to the management of irrigation and drainage systems consitutes a key element of the startegy that is needed to improve the current level of performance of many irrigation and drainage systems worldwide. Enhanced performance of irrigation is a prerequisite if we are to face the enormous challenge of producing greater quantities of food to meet the demand of a growing population. This is particularly the case in an environment with increasing competition for water from industry and urban water users, set against mounting concerns about environmental sustainability.
Besides giving an historical introduction to embankment dams the book describes the need for instrumentation, planning procurement and installation practices of instruments. The significance of visual inspection and techniques, of monitoring various parameters, seepage, pore pressure, surface and internal displacements, earth pressures and seismic behaviour, through instrumentation has been described. Collection and processing of data and their use for back analysis to check stability of a dam at various stages of construction and reservoir filling have been suggested. In addition to case histories quoted in various chapters, an exclusive chapter on select case histories has been added which describes the conventional and latest instruments that are being used and methods adopted for installation, monitoring and analyses of data.
Man's control over the elements of land and water for the purposes of agriculture was fundamental to the development of civilisations in the past, and remains so today. This volume deals with the processes of irrigation, and land drainage and reclamation, and illustrates the variety of technological and engineering solutions in a wide chronological and geographical perspective. The sophistication of many pre-modern systems is clear, as is the impact of modern technologies. Important points that emerge are that there was no steady or linear progression in techniques across time - instances of the transfer of ideas are balanced by cases of independent development - and that the correlations between irrigation systems and social structures demand more complex explanations than often proposed.
Sediment transport, two-phase flow and loose boundary hydraulics
are some of the problems of interaction between fluid flow (water
or air) and boundaries that may be non-cohesive (alluvial) or
cohesive. Unlike in classical hydraulics, these boundaries can
change their shape and texture with changing flow conditions. Some
of the material from the boundaries may be entrained into the flow,
or sediment may be added to the flow, sometimes by tributaries as
suspended matter. One instance is the transport of granular
material in pipelines Since the changing boundaries are the central
feature of most flow processes in nature, the term loose boundary
hydraulics is here introduced.
Low-lying countries, such as the Netherlands, are strongly dependent on good and safe sea defences. In the past, the design of dikes and revetments was mostly based on vague experience, rather than on general valid calculation methods. The demand for reliable design methods for protective structures has, in the Netherlands, resulted in increased research in this field. These contributions have been prepared by Dutch experts participating in the study groups of the Technical Advisory Committee on Water Defences. The book opens with an outline of general strategy and methodology on sea defences, illustrated in the following chapters by technical information on specific items and Dutch experience, and it ends with more general aspects such as probabilistic approach, integral (multifunctional) design, management & safety assessment. Together, these chapters provide an almost complete technical overview of the items needed for the design and maintenance of dikes and revetments. The enclosed CRESS-program allows for an initial estimation of hydraulic loads and preliminary design.
This text covers topics such as: hydrodynamic and water quality modeling; jets and plumes; turbulent sheer flows; air-water interaction; water quality models; environmental impact studies/Three Gorges project; water quality mangement; and eco hydraulics and river hydraulics.
Applied Attention Theory, Second Edition provides details concerning the relevance of all aspects of attention to the world beyond the laboratory. Topic application areas include the design of warning systems to capture attention; attention distractions in the workplace; failures of dividing attention while driving; and the measurement of mental workload while flying. This new edition discusses the implications of VR and AR for human attention. It also covers the treatment of attention-based pedagogical methods used to enhance learning and presents attentional issues in interacting with automation and AI. New chapters include applications of attention to healthcare, education pedagogy, highway safety, and human interaction with autonomous vehicles and other AI systems. The readership for this book is the professional, the researcher, and the student.
Discussing the properties of tap water as the hydraulic pressure medium and the influence of water on component design, Water Hydraulics Control Technology describes the physical differences between water and mineral oil used in hydraulics... delineates, for the first time in book form, the complete range of water hydraulic products for power control systems... examines in depth newly developed, commercially available high-speed axial piston pumps and motors for industrial applications... analytically defines volumetric, mechanical, and total efficiencies of water hydraulic pumps and motors and provides experimental numerical data... furnishes measured-performance data for water hydraulic valves ... outlines procedures for the design of water hydraulic systems and looks at future developments ... and more. Written by an internationally recognized expert with over 40 years of industrial and academic experience, Water Hydraulics Control Technology is an incomparable resource for mechanical, design, control, chemical, fluid power, system, industrial, environmental, and manufacturing engineers; and upper-level undergraduate, graduate, and continuing-education students in these disciplines.
Energy dissipators are an important element of hydraulic structures as transition between the highly explosive high velocity flow and the sensitive tailwater. This volume examines energy dissipators mainly in connection with dam structures and provides a review of design methods. It includes topics such as hydraulic jump, stilling basins, ski jumps and plunge pools. It also introduces a general account of various methods of dissipation, as well as the governing flow mechanisms.
Ever since the publication in 1997 the original Scour Manual has helped many practising hydraulic engineers to deal with scour processes near hydraulic structures. In recent years new insights, such as probabilistic calculations, offered new opportunities to design structures more economically. These new insights are included in this update of the original Scour Manual, which is focussing entirely on current-related scour. This manual provides the engineer with useful practical methods to calculate the dimensions of scour holes in the pre-feasibility and preliminary stages of a project, and gives an introduction to the most relevant literature. This updated Scour Manual contains guidelines that can be used to solve problems related to scour in engineering practice and also reflects the main results of all research projects in the Netherlands in recent decades. The so-called Breusers equilibrium method has a central role, which can basically be applied to all situations where local scour is expected. The method allows to predict the scour depth as a function of time, provided that the available knowledge about scour at the specific structure is sufficient. For structures with insufficient knowledge available, alternative scour prediction rules are presented. The treatment of local scour is classified according to the different types of structures. Each type of structure is necessarily schematised to a simple, basic layout. The main parameters of a structure and the main parts of the flow pattern near a structure are described briefly insofar they are relevant to the description of scour phenomena. New scour formulas for the equilibrium scour have been elucidated. Evaluating a balance of forces for a control volume, it is possible to develop scour equations for different types of flow fields and structures, i.e. jets, abutments and bridge piers. As many scour problems are still not fully understood, attention is paid to the validity ranges and limitations of the formulas, as well as to the accuracy of the scour predictions. This information can also be used to carry out a risk assessment using a safety philosophy based on a probabilistic analysis or an approach with a safety factor. Moreover, the information on the strength of soils is extended and aspects are addressed such as scour due to shear failures or flow slides, that can progressively damage the bed protection which might lead to the failure of hydraulic structures. This updated Scour Manual presents scour prediction methods and deals with practically related scour problems. Consultants and contractors were invited to provide case studies of realized projects, including the methods that were followed. These case studies will help with grasping the concept of scour by the flow of water. This manual provides the engineer with the latest knowledge and with case studies that show how to apply the formulas and their limitations.
This book is intended to be a text for undergraduate students of coastal engineering. It also serves as a reference for graduate students and practicing engineers, building on a basic foundation in coastal engineering. Finally, it is a guide for people in related disciplines. Coastal managers may use the book to cover the more theoretical and engineering-related aspects of their trade. Its subject matter is of interest to geographers, planners and coastal scientists alike. |
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