This volume aims at presenting the latest international research and discoveries in the neurocognitive aspects and complications in HIV/AIDS, and how this understanding can shape and inform how we think about clinical practice and patient care in HIV/AIDS as well as lead to a better understanding of the underlying neuropathogenesis. The chapter, "Metabolic Syndrome and Cardiovascular Disease Impacts on the Pathophysiology and Phenotype of HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders", of this book is available open access under a CC BY 4.0 license at link.springer.com

Immunology is more than a laboratory manual; it is a strategic guide that provides the reader with tips and tricks for more successful lab experiments. The authors explore the current methodological variety of immunology in a simple manner, addressing the assets and drawbacks as well as critical points. Also provided are short and precise summaries of routine procedures as well as listings of the advantages and disadvantages of alternative methods. This well-written guide is an essential companion for anyone using modern immunological methods in the laboratory.
Shows how to avoid experimental dead ends and develop an instinct for the right experiment at the right time
Contains short and precise summaries of routine procedures (e.g. column chromatography, gel electrophoresis) as well as listings of advantages and disadvantages of alternative methods
Includes over 100 informative illustrations, background information, an extensive glossary, and a table of current CD nomenclature"

Mucosal Vaccines: Innovation for Preventing Infectious Diseases discusses basic knowledge and discovery in the area of mucosal immunology and its related scientific fields. This completely updated, revised and authoritative treatise covers all aspects of mucosal vaccines, including their development, mechanisms of action, molecular/cellular aspects and practical applications. The book is organized in a unique format with basic, clinical and practical aspects described and discussed. The accumulated knowledge and new discoveries on the development of mucosal vaccines are logically introduced and discussed in an easy-to-understand format.

This issue of Immunology and Allergy Clinics, Guest Edited by Dr. Mitchell Grayson, is devoted to Infections and Asthma. Articles in this issue include: Epidemiology of Infections and Development of Asthma; Mechanisms of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Induced Asthma; Importance of Viral Characteristics in Respiratory Syncytial Virus Induced Disease; Human Rhinovirus and Asthma Exacerbation; Rhinovirus Attributes That Contribute to Asthma; Infant Immune Response to Respiratory Viral Infections; The Role of Bacteria in Asthma Pathogenesis; Beyond RSV and RV in the Pathogenesis and Exacerbation of Asthma; Biologics for Asthma and Risk of Infection: Should We Be Concerned?; Sinus Infections and Asthma; Helminths and Asthma: Friend or Foe?; and Primary Infection Prevention Strategies for Asthma.

This second edition of Clinical Use of Anti-Infective Agents provides a comprehensive overview of current approaches to using drugs to treat infections, including historical perspectives, definitions, and discussion of pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics and their uses. It includes a detailed explanation of different classes of drugs, outlining their spectrum, pharmacokinetics, side effects, and dosing in clinical settings. This book has been designed as a reference tool for pharmacists, clinicians, nurse practitioners, and clinical microbiologists, as well as a teaching vehicle for students studying infection and patient treatment. Each section includes references allowing for in-depth study of specific agents, Q&As, and illustrative case studies accompanied by commentary on how to approach patients and organisms, optimal methods of making a diagnosis, and prescribing treatment.

This issue of Immunology and Allergy Clinics is devoted to Asthma in Childhood and is Guest Edited by Drs. Leonard Bacharier and Theresa Guilbert. Articles in this outstanding issue include: Inception and Natural History of Pediatric Asthma; Recent Diagnosis Techniques in Pediatric Asthma; Management / co-morbidities for Preschool-aged Children with Asthma; Management/ co-morbidities for School-aged Children with Asthma; Effects of the Environment on Disease Activity; New Advances of Self-Management/Adherence Monitoring and Management in Pediatric Asthma; Severe Asthma in Early Childhood; Inner-city Asthma in Early Childhood; Personalized Medicine and Pediatric Asthma; Prevention in Pediatric Asthma; Asthma in the Schools; and New Directions in Pediatric Asthma.

Revealing essential roles of the tumor microenvironment in cancer progression, this book focuses on the role of hematopoietic components of the tumor microenvironment. Further, it teaches readers about the roles of distinct constituents of the tumor microenvironment and how they affect cancer development. Topics include eosinophils, NK cells, T cells, regulatory T Cells, Langerhans cells, hematopoietic stem cells, Mast cells, B cells and Microglia, and more. Taken alongside its companion volumes, Tumor Microenvironment: Hematopoietic Cells - Part B updates us on what we know about various aspects of the tumor microenvironment as well as future directions. This book is essential reading for advanced cell biology and cancer biology students as well as researchers seeking an update on research in the tumor microenvironment.

This is a review of clinical adverse effects on the human immune system that may occur following drug treatments and chemcical exposures. Current and prospective models and assays that can be used to predict these adverse effects in animal toxicity studies or in human beings are described.

This book systemically presents the latest research on lectins, covering all the major topics in the field, including the heterocomplex of lectins and Toll-like receptors, protective versus pathogenic functions in connection with microbial infections, and novel strategies for enhancing host immunity against infectious diseases caused by viruses, bacteria, and fungi. Lectins are a large group of glycan-binding proteins that recognize diverse glycan and non-glycan structures expressed on prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, and are vital to cell-cell interactions, the attachment of microbes to host cells, and the recognition and activation of immune responses to exogenous and endogenous danger signals. The composition and structure of microbes are complex and include numerous 'pathogen-associated molecular patterns' or 'damage-associated molecular patterns'. As such, microbes' interactions with immune cells activate multiple innate immunity receptors and produce distinct inflammatory reactions, which can be protective to contain microbial invasion, or pathogenic to cause tissue damage and shock syndrome in the host. The book shares lessons learned from state-of-the art research in this field, highlights the latest discoveries, and provides insightful discussions on lectin-mediated inflammatory reactions, while also outlining future research directions.

This book updates in detail the microbial pathogenesis of various important pathogens, including HIV-1, MERS, SARS-CoV-2, Mycobacterium and Plasmodium. There is also a general discussion of the innate and adaptive immune responses against primary and opportunistic infections. The overall purpose of the book is to aid in the development of anti-viral and anti-microbial targets.

Androgens are critical regulators of prostate differentiation and function, as well as prostate cancer growth and survival. Therefore, androgen ablation is the preferred systemic treatment for disseminated prostate cancer. Androgen action is exerted in target tissues via binding the androgen receptor (AR), a nuclear receptor transcription factor.

Historically, the gene expression program mediated by the AR has been poorly understood. However, recent gene expression profiling and more traditional single-gene characterization studies have revealed many androgen-regulated genes that are important mediators of androgen action in both normal and malignant prostate tissue. This book will focus on the androgen-regulated gene expression program, and examine how recently identified androgen-regulated genes are likely to contribute to the development and progression of prostate cancer. Recent studies that have attempted to unravel how these genes are deregulated in androgen depletion independent prostate cancer will be included

Translational Inflammation links laboratory and clinical data within primary and secondary care to clinical research data and offers a holistic and innovative approach to chronic inflammation and ageing. Understanding the role of inflammation as a part of clinical disease states is becoming a valuable tool in both direct treatment and the development of therapeutics. Translational Inflammation, the 4th volume in the Perspectives in Translational Cell Biology series, offers content for professors, students and researchers across basic and translational biology.

Get a quick, expert overview of the essentials of today's vaccinations for adults, including current guidelines and recommendations. This concise, clinically-focused resource, edited by Drs. Gregory A. Poland and Jennifer Whitaker, consolidates today's available information on this important topic into one convenient resource, making it an ideal reference for primary care physicians and nurses who need easily accessible information on adult vaccination best practices. Covers essentials of vaccine safety and discussing vaccine hesitancy with patients. Addresses special populations including the elderly, immunocompromised patients, and adult travelers. Provides up-to-date information on zoster vaccines, Zika vaccine prospects, influenza vaccines, meningococcal vaccines, and pneumococcal vaccines.

Marek's disease virus (MDV) is a herpesvirus which causes a lymphoproliferative disorder of the domestic chicken worldwide. This serious economical problem caused by MDV was mostly solved by development of an effective vaccine against MDV. The development of live vaccines against the disease is remarkable as it has led to the first example of a commercially available vaccine against cancer as well as against diseases caused by herpesviruses.This volume gives an overview on many aspects of MDV research and summarizes recent advances in the field. The topics include the history, biology,and molecular biology of MDV, pathogenesis, vaccinal immunity, immune response, genetic resistance and development of recombinant polyvalent vaccines. It is hoped that this volume will make an important contribution towards the control of infectious diseases.

This book provides researchers the opportunity to investigate type-2-associated diseases in their laboratories. Beginning with chapters describing various models of type-2 immunity, the volume then continues by detailing cellular protocols designed to identify, characterize, and assess the function of key adaptive and innate immune cells involved in type-2 inflammation; approaches to isolate and evaluate specific cellular subsets at the genetic, epigenetic, and molecular level; protocols to assess type-2 immunity and its relationship to organismal and metabolic systems (ex. Microbiome). This book concludes with a section that explores the use of primary human cells in evaluating relevance to the clinic. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Vital and authoritative, Type 2 Immunity: Methods and Protocols aims to provide a broad network of methods that can be used to develop a hypothesis and investigate its potential from bench to beside.