Developing Costimulatory Molecules for Immunotherapy of Diseases highlights the novel concept of reverse costimulation and how it can be effectively exploited to develop immunotherapy using either humanized antibodies against CD80, CD86, and other costimulatory molecules or CD28 fusinogenic proteins in the treatment of diseases, including allergies, asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, lupus nephritis, severe psoriasis, vulgaris tuberculosis, thopoid, transplantation therapeutic, cancer, and inflammation. The text aims to provide the latest information on the complex roles and interactions within the CD28 and B7 costimulatory families, with the hope that targeting these families will yield new therapies for the treatment of inflammation, autoimmunity, transplantation, cancer, and other infectious diseases.

This volume provides an overview of the field and practical hints for vaccinologists in academia and industry. Chapters provide protocols on self-replicating RNA vectors, non-replication mRNA vectors, adjuvantation and delivery, and preclinical and clinical development. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting-edge, RNA Vaccines: Methods and Protocols aims to increased collaboration on RNA vaccines between basic and applied scientists in academia, government, and industry to develop future solutions for today's challenges.

"Advances in Immunology, " a long-established and highly respected publication, presents current developments as well as comprehensive reviews in immunology. Articles address the wide range of topics that comprise immunology, including molecular and cellular activation mechanisms, phylogeny and molecular evolution, and clinical modalities. Edited and authored by the foremost scientists in the field, each volume provides up-to-date information and directions for the future.

Key features:

* Contributions from leading authorities * Informs and updates on all the latest developments in the field

This issue of Immunology and Allergy Clinics, edited by Dr. Pascal Demoly, is devoted to Drug Hypersensitivity.? Articles in this issue include: Drug allergy diagnosis; Principles of drug allergy management: acute drug reactions, individual preventive measures, desensitization, general preventive measures; Antibiotics allergy; Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs HS; Local and general anesthetics allergy; Radiocontrast media and dyes allergy; Chemotherapeutic agents allergy; Vaccine allergy; Biological agents HS; Anti-epileptic allergy; Iron and Vitamin Allergy; Antiviral drug allergy; Additive allergy; and Unmet needs in drug allergy.

Written in the same engaging conversational style as the acclaimed first edition, Primer to The Immune Response, 2ndEdition is a fully updated and invaluable resource for college and university students in life sciences, medicine and other health professions who need a concise but comprehensive introduction to immunology. The authors bring clarity and readability to their audience, offering a complete survey of the most fundamental concepts in basic and clinical immunology while conveying the subject s fascinating appeal.

The content of this new edition has been completely updated to include current information on all aspects of basic and clinical immunology. The superbly drawn figures are now in full color, complemented by full color plates throughout the book. The text is further enhanced by the inclusion of numerous tables, special topic boxes and brief notes that provide interesting insights. At the end of each chapter, a self-test quiz allows students to monitor their mastery of major concepts, while a set of conceptual questions prompts them to extrapolate further and extend their critical thinking. Moreover, as part of the Academic Cell line of textbooks, Primer to The Immune Response, 2nd Edition contains research passages that shine a spotlight on current experimental work reported in Cell Press articles. These articles also form the basis of case studies that are found in the associated online study guide and are designed to reinforce clinical connections.
Complete yet concise coverage of the basic and clinical principles of immunologyEngaging conversational writing style that is to the point and very readableOver 200 clear, elegant color illustrationsComprehensive glossary and list of abbreviations"

This book presents the current concepts of semaphorin biology. In the early 1990s, semaphorins were originally identified as axon guidance cues that function during neuronal development. However, cumulative findings have clarified that they have diverse functions in many physiological processes, including cardiogenesis, angiogenesis, vasculogenesis, osteoclastogenesis, retinal homeostasis, and immune regulation. Additionally, they have been implicated in the pathogenesis of various human diseases, including tumorigenesis/tumor metastasis, neuroregenerative diseases, retinal degeneration, irregular pulse/sudden death, and immune disorders. Based on this current research background, the book covers the essential state-of-the-art findings for basic scientists in biochemistry, molecular biology, neuroscience, developmental biology, and structural biology, as well as for physicians in neurology, cardiology, oncology, orthopedic surgery, otorhinolaryngology, ophthalmology, allergology, and rheumatology.

Skin immune system (SIS).- Immunological aspects of allergic inflammation: IgE regulation.- The role of T cells in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis.- Immunological aspects of allergic inflammation: eosinophils.- Mast cells.- Cell-to-cell interactions.- Atopic dermatitis.- Allergic contact dermatitis: cosmetics.- Clinical aspects of occupational contact dermatitis.- Clinical aspects: urticaria.- Clinical aspects: drug allergy.- Future developments in treatment of atopic dermatitis.

Over the last half century, a dramatic increase in allergic diseases has been observed throughout industrialized nations, which has resulted in significant worldwide socio-economic challenges. In Mouse Models of Allergic Disease: Methods and Protocols, a wide range of expert contributors provide detailed protocols for the design and execution of experiments to thoroughly analyze critical elements associated with a diverse range of allergic diseases, all through the lens of mouse models that accurately recapitulate clinically relevant aspects of the respective human disease. The volume opens with a section featuring techniques essential for effective ex vivo cell isolation and evaluation of specific cell types relevant to a diverse range of allergic diseases, and the book then moves on to cover in vivo protocols to evaluate prevalent mouse models of human allergic diseases, including mouse models of systemic anaphylaxis, contact hypersensitivity, allergic rhinitis, and asthma, as well as a collection of chapters on in vivo and ex vivo protocols used to assess indirect mediators of allergic diseases, such as the nervous system, non-hematopoietic cells, and the composition of the gut microbiome. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Timely and authoritative, Mouse Models of Allergic Disease: Methods and Protocols serves as an essential collection of protocols that allow both novice and expert researchers the ability to accurately develop, evaluate, and characterize the mechanisms associated with these disorders.

This book provides a selection of recently developed methods and protocols in bacterial glycomics to aid in bettering our understanding of the structures and functions of bacterial polysaccharides, their attachments to proteins and lipids, their role in biofilm formation, as well as their biosynthesis. With the emerging bacterial resistance to commonly used antibiotics world-wide, these techniques to study the outer polysaccharides of bacteria, with their functions in bacterial adhesion, colonization, growth, establishment of biofilms, and control virulence and pathogenicity, are increasingly important. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and cutting-edge, Bacterial Polysaccharides: Methods and Protocols aims to support researchers contributing to future approaches that will fill our knowledge gaps and define anti-bacterial targets.

This book will focus on the differentiation and regulation of subsets of CD4+ T cells. It will also cover other aspects of research on these cells, which has made great advances in recent years, such as subsets' plasticity and their role in healthy and disease conditions. The book provides researchers and graduate students with a cutting-edge and comprehensive overview of essential research on CD4+ T cells.

In this volume, a wide-ranging series of reviews reveal how systems biology -- a holistic and inter-disciplinary approach requiring the combined talents of biologists, mathematicians, and computer scientists -- is changing the face of infectious disease research. Leading experts discuss how the use of high-throughput and computational approaches are generating exciting -- and often unexpected -- new insights into the microbial-host interactions of a variety of bacterial and viral pathogens, including Salmonella, Yersinia, Mycobacterium, influenza virus, human and simian immunodeficiency virus, and hepatitis C virus. Additional chapters focus on systems approaches to innate immunity, intra- and inter- cellular signaling, biomarker discovery, and the evaluation and rational development of improved vaccines. Systems biology has both been hailed as a paradigm shift that will revolutionize biological science and criticized as overly expensive and complex. While the truth no doubt lies somewhere in between, the approach is yielding increasingly detailed and comprehensive views of biological systems and processes, including those that dictate the host response to infection and disease outcome. Systems Biology of Infectious Disease is highly informative reading for investigators already engaged in systems biology research as well as for those scientists and clinicians who may be seeking an introduction to the field.

"Advances in Immunology, " a long-established and highly respected publication, presents current developments as well as comprehensive reviews in immunology. Articles address the wide range of topics that comprise immunology, including molecular and cellular activation mechanisms, phylogeny and molecular evolution, and clinical modalities. Edited and authored by the foremost scientists in the field, each volume provides up-to-date information and directions for the future.

Key features:

* Contributions from leading authorities * Informs and updates on all the latest developments in the field

Guest edited by Bruce Zuraw, this issue of Immunology and Allergy Clinics covers angioedema, including topics on hereditary angioedema, prophylactic and on-demand treatmetnts, and more.

"Natural Hosts of SIV: Implications in AIDS" thoroughly reviews the possible mechanisms by which African nonhuman primate natural hosts of lentiviruses remain essentially disease-free while other hosts exhibit disease and death. The book ultimately indicates directions for further research and potential translations of this compelling phenomenon into novel approaches to treat and prevent HIV. When Asian non-human primate non-natural hosts are experimentally infected with viruses isolated from African species, disease and death normally results. Meanwhile, these African nonhuman primate natural hosts maintain similar levels of plasma and cellular viremia and exhibit compellingly different, essentially disease-free, states. This work attempts to answer the question of how the natural host remains disease resistant.
Summarizes the past 30 years of research in this field and describes the latest developments in AIDS research using nonhuman primate animal modelsProvides insights into how this large body of scientific work can be translated into novel approaches to treat and prevent HIVHighlights the areas that merit future pursuit, focusing on potential applications for the treatment and prevention of HIV infection

This volume provides a set of reviews dedicated to the biology of Interleukin (IL)-10. It includes chapters on its importance for maintaining immune homeostasis in humans, its role in intestinal immunity and its functions during viral and bacterial infections. In addition, it presents reviews on the mechanisms linking innate microbial recognition to the production of IL-10 and on how IL-10 recognition by its receptor functions. The roles of T and B cells as relevant sources of IL-10 are also discussed, with an emphasis on the clinical opportunities offered by IL-10-producing Tr1 cells for the suppression of unwanted immunity. Finally, the functions of other cytokines of the IL-10 family are presented. Collectively, these articles provide a comprehensive overview of our current knowledge on one of the most important anti-inflammatory cytokines known to date.

The rapidity of scientific progress over the last few years guarantees the utility of a new collection of state-of-the-art reviews on the immunology of ageing. The aim of this authoritative book is to summarize current knowledge on the cellular and molecular aspects of the ageing immune system and their clinical relevance. The book is a result of extensive collaboration of more than sixty of the greatest thinkers and scholars in the field, in cooperation with a number of junior colleagues. Immunology of Aging presents the most up-to-date information on the scientific issues addressed by research into ageing of the immune system, providing insights into the effects of this process on susceptibilities to those diseases which are most common among elders. The retrieval strategies used to slow down the decline in the immune system in the elderly are another subject detailed extensively. By providing a broad overview of immunosenescence and its consequences, as well as their potential modulation, this book will fill a gap in a timely manner. It will be of value to all immunologists, whether novice or experienced, as well as geriatricians and epidemiologists.

"Antibody Fc" is the first single text to synthesize the literature on the mechanisms underlying the dramatic variability of antibodies to influence the immune response. The book demonstrates the importance of the Fc domain, including protective mechanisms, effector cell types, genetic data, and variability in Fc domain function. This volume is a critical single-source reference for researchers in vaccine discovery, immunologists, microbiologists, oncologists and protein engineers as well as graduate students in immunology and vaccinology.

Antibodies represent the correlate of protection for numerous vaccines and are the most rapidly growing class of drugs, with applications ranging from cancer and infectious disease to autoimmunity. Researchers have long understood the variable domain of antibodies, which are responsible for antigen recognition, and can provide protection by blocking the function of their target antigen. However, recent developments in our understanding of the protection mediated by antibodies have highlighted the critical nature of the antibody constant, or Fc domain, in the biological activity of antibodies. The Fc domain allows antibodies to link the adaptive and innate immune systems, providing specificity to a wide range of innate effector cells. In addition, they provide a feedback loop to regulate the character of the immune response via interactions with B cells and antigen-presenting cells.
Clarifies the different mechanisms of IgG activity at the level of the different model systems used, including human genetic, mouse, and in vitroCovers the role of antibodies in cancer, infectious disease, and autoimmunity and in the setting of monoclonal antibody therapy as well as naturally raised antibodiesColor illustrations enhance explanations of the immune system

"Celiac Disease and Gluten: Multidisciplinary Challenges and Opportunities" is a unique reference work the first to integrate the insights of the causes and effects of celiac disease from the chemistry of reaction-causing foods to the diagnosis, pathogenesis, and symptoms that lead to proper diagnoses and treatment. With an estimated three million people in the United States alone affected by celiac disease, an autoimmune digestive disease, onlyfive percentare properly diagnosed. Drawing on the connection between foods containing gluten and the resulting symptoms, this resource offers distinctive information that directly explores and links food science, medical diagnostics, and treatment information. A helpful tool for researchers and medical practitioners alike, "Celiac Disease and Gluten: Multidisciplinary Challenges and Opportunities" helps refine research targets, and provides a comprehensive overview on the multidisciplinary approaches to all crucial aspects related to celiac disease.
Presents key information from medical and food science research, as well as provides clinical insightsProvides direct corollary insights between source and symptomWritten by experts whose detailed experiments and results have shaped our understanding of celiac disease"

Legionnaires disease, a potentially fatal type of pneumonia primarily affecting elderly and immuno-compromised persons, is caused by the ubiquitous environmental bacterium "Legionella pneumophila." This book offers authoritative reviews of different facets of its virulence, focusing on comparative phagocyte infection, virulence gene regulation, biochemical functions of effector proteins and cellular pathogen-host interactions, as well as host responses and immunity to "L. pneumophila." Taken together, the contributions in this compilation provide a state-of-the-art overview of current insights into the molecular pathogenesis of the opportunistic and potentially fatal pathogen "L. pneumophila.""

This second edition volume expands on the previous edition with descriptions of recent developments in the field. The chapters in this book cover topics such as monoclonal antibodies for the treatment of melanoma; production and purification of human monoclonal antibodies; humanization and optimization of monoclonal antibodies; rapid chimerization of monoclonal antibodies; epitope mapping via phage display from single gene libraries; recombinant antibodies made by combining phage and yeast display selections; production of stabilized antibody fragments in the E. coli bacterial cytoplasm and transfected mammalian cells; and analysis of CAR T cells. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Unique and thorough, Human Monoclonal Antibodies: Methods and Protocols, Second Edition is a valuable tool for novice and expert researchers interested in learning more about this evolving field.

"Advances in Immunology, " a long-established and highly respected publication, presents current developments as well as comprehensive reviews in immunology. Articles address the wide range of topics that comprise immunology, including molecular and cellular activation mechanisms, phylogeny and molecular evolution, and clinical modalities. Edited and authored by the foremost scientists in the field, each volume provides up-to-date information and directions for the future.

Key features:

* Contributions from leading authorities * Informs and updates on all the latest developments in the field