There is a growing view that intelligence evolved as a product of social interdependence. The unique development of human intelligence was probably linked to the use of spoken language, but language itself evolved in the context of social interaction, and in its development it has shaped - and been shaped by - social institutions. Taking as their starting-point the social production of intelligence and of language, scholars across a range of disciplines are beginning to rethink fundamental questions about human evolution, language and social institutions. This volume brings together anthropologists, linguists, primatologists and psychologists, all working on this new frontier of research.

The essays in Mind in Context serve as a bridge between the work of radical constructivists, who propose that all cognition depends on interaction with the outside world, and traditional cognitive scientists, who feel that all cognition resides in the mind. Here, concepts of distributed cognition and situated learning are translated into constructs and methodologies that are accessible to a broad range of psychology researchers and students. The volume is divided into three main parts, containing chapters by leaders in the fields of education, the study of intelligence, and psychometrics. Part I, dealing with performances in academic and test-like tasks, includes essays on novelty and intelligence, and the effects of context on cognition. Part II addresses everyday tasks, with essays on cognitive tests in job selection; and leader intelligence, interpersonal stress, and task performance. In Part III the essays move toward constructing an integrative framework for understanding the volume as a whole. This volume is essential reading for cognitive psychologists, social psychologists, educational psychologists as well as scholars interested in situated learning.

Robyn Dawes defines irrationality as adhering to beliefs that are inherently self-contradictory, not just incorrect, self-defeating, or the basis of poor decisions. Such beliefs are unfortunately common. This book demonstrates how such irrationality results from ignoring obvious comparisons, while instead falling into associational and story-based thinking. Strong emotion-or even insanity-is one reason for making automatic associations without comparison, but as the author demonstrates, a lot of everyday judgment, unsupported professional claims, and even social policy is based on the same kind of "everyday" irrationality.

Motivation and Personality is the first book to be devoted primarily to content analysis systems for assessment of characteristics of the individuals, groups, or historical periods that create verbal materials. Part I discusses general issues including the merits of content analysis and its relation to other contemporary methods of motivation and personality assessment, the determinants of thematic apperception and the use of thematic methods in survey research and for the analysis of archival and naturally-occurring verbal materials. Part II presents 14 different coding manuals, each with an introductory chapter, and Part III deals with methodological considerations and materials for learning how to obtain and code verbal materials. The volume will serve as a handbook for researchers who wish to use content analytic methods for research in personology, experimental psychology, or social science, and also as a reference work providing information about content analytic measures of motives for achievement, affiliation, intimacy, and power, as well as measures of personal causation, conceptual complexity, uncertainty orientation, explanatory style, psychological stances toward the environment, self-definition, and responsibility. The various systems, research regarding the background of the systems, and practice materials are included to create a book that is both reference and handbook.

What do we mean when we describe a person as intelligent? The concept of intelligence wields a powerful influence on research dealing with the brain and on how individuals progress in society. Yet, remarkably, there is no scientific consensus about the meaning of intelligence. In "The Making of Intelligence" Ken Richardson looks at how intelligence has been characterized and measured in the past, explores current trends in our understanding and uses of the concept, and predicts what form these trends will take in the future.

He argues that intelligence is not solely predetermined by such factors as genes and environment; it is also created by self-organizing interactions within evolved developmental systems. Considering the implications for society of this dynamic-systems approach, Richardson predicts that as our understanding of the relationship between the mind and the brain improves, the notion of intelligence as a single concept may disappear altogether.

Richardson takes particularly sharp aim at IQ tests, exposing the reductionist, oversimplified, and contradictory notions of intelligence that they presuppose as well as the social repercussions of the widespread, unreflecting acceptance of the IQ model in public consciousness.

From the writings of Charles Darwin and Herbert Spencer on evolution and adaptation to the reflections of Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotsky on logical reasoning; from the formulation of early IQ tests by Francis Binet and Henri Simon to their recent, provocative rebirth in the assertions of "The Bell Curve" by Charles Murray and Richard Herrnstein, "The Making of Intelligence" is a lucid, judicious, critical analysis of this controversial and important subject.

Development of Adult Thinking is a timely synthesis and evaluation of the current knowledge and emerging issues relating to adult cognitive development and learning. Focusing on psychological and educational cutting-edge research as well as giving an overview of the key theorists such as Piaget and Kohlberg, Kallio and the team of expert contributors offer a holistic view on the development of adult thinking, representing perspectives from developmental, moral, and social psychology, as well as education and philosophy. These topics are divided into three sections: Adult cognitive and moral development, Perspectives of adult learning, and Open questions and new approaches, offering introduction, analysis, and directions for future research. This text is essential reading for students and researchers in developmental psychology and related courses as well as adult educators and teachers working in adult education.

This text enables readers to understand human intelligence from a variety of standpoints, such as psychology, anthropology, computational science, sociology, and philosophy. Readers will gain a comprehensive understanding of the concept of intelligence and how ideas about it have evolved and are continuing to evolve. Much of the present confusion surrounding the concept of intelligence stems from our having looked at it from these different standpoints without considering how they relate to each other or how they might be combined into a unified view that goes beyond the boundaries of a particular discipline.

Choice Recommended Read Psychological research into human intelligence and abilities presents us with a number of difficult questions: Are human abilities explained by a single core intelligence or by multiple intelligences? How should abilities be assessed? With tests unlike the problems which people normally have to solve, or with practical problems closer to those encountered in life, school and work? Do ability tests predict how a person will behave? If so, can they predict whether a person will succeed at school and at work? Intelligence and Human Abilities critically evaluates research evidence from the past 100 years to consider these and other issues. It shows that, despite the apparent contradictions in this research, the evidence in fact supports one coherent model, a fact which has clear implications for researchers, educators and test-users. This clear and engaging text provides an up-to-date evaluation of what the empirical evidence tells us about the number, nature and origins of human abilities. It will be essential reading for students and practitioners of psychology and education, and also for users of ability tests such as applied psychologists and personnel managers.

The House on Garibaldi Street is the true story of one of this century's most audacious intelligence operations - the kidnapping of Adolf Eichmann in Argentina by the Mossad, Israel's secret intelligence service. In a daring operation which shook the world, a team of elite Mossad agents, under the personal command of the legendary Mossad leader Isser Harel, kidnapped Eichmann and smuggled him to Israel. Eichmann's trial received unparalleled media coverage, and brought home to millions around the world the horror of the Holocaust through its principal co-ordinator. Eichmann was found guilty of genocide and was executed two years later. Harel's account was first published in 1975 and won world acclaim, being translated into more than 20 languages and selling more than a million copies. This new edition has been completely revised and updated. For the first time the real names and details of all Mossad personnel are revealed, as are important diplomatic contacts which shed new light on the political acceptability of the kidnapping, the operation being officially sanctioned not only by Israel, but also by West Germany.; Shlomo Shpiro who worked personally with Isser Harel on the prepar

Genius. It is a word that invokes mystique. How did Einstein deduce the theory of special relativity? How did Rutherford intuit the inner secrets of the atom? Although (in hindsight) genius can appear to have been predictable, more often such thinking was inscrutable - like a bolt of insight arising from nowhere. Perhaps the minds of geniuses, prepared through the providence of genetics, were simply lucked upon by chance. Or perhaps their visionary insights were attained through divine intervention. But could there be an entirely different explanation? Could there be a more knowable process underlying genius? Genius Unmasked reveals the nature of genius. Roberta Ness asks, "Is breathtaking creativity really so magical? Or are there, instead, consistent maps that iconic scientists used to discover their imaginative ideas?" What this entertaining book demonstrates is that genius is achieved through a thinking process that is less mystical than it is systematic. Even the greatest of innovative minds used a cognitive tool box that can be opened and understood. Genius Unmasked is an adventure through the lives and minds of more than a dozen genius scientists. It unveils the formula behind their radical thinking. But this is not just a book of stories. Through explanation of innovation tools and their impressive demonstration, it will help you to learn for yourself how to become a better innovator. In the end, Genius Unmasked is a "how to" book for advancing your own personal creativity.

Quickly acquire the knowledge and skills you need to confidently administer, score, and interpret the KABC-II

Now designed for children aged three to eighteen, the KABC-II is among the top tier of children's tests of cognitive ability. Alan and Nadeen Kaufman, authors of the KABC-II, joined forces with Elizabeth Lichtenberger and Elaine Fletcher-Janzen to produce Essentials of KABC-II Assessment.

The best source of information on the new edition of the K-ABC, Essentials of KABC-II Assessment provides students and practitioners with an unparalleled resource for learning and application, including expert assessment of the test's relative strengths and weaknesses, valuable advice on its clinical applications, and illuminating case reports.

Like all the volumes in the Essentials of Psychological Assessment series, this book is designed to help busy mental health professionals quickly acquire the knowledge and skills they need to make optimal use of a major psychological assessment instrument. Each concise chapter features numerous callout boxes highlighting key concepts, bulleted points, and extensive illustrative material, as well as test questions that help you gauge and reinforce your grasp of the information covered.

Over the last few decades, economists and psychologists have quietly documented the many ways in which a person's IQ matters. But, research suggests that a nation's IQ matters so much more. As Garett Jones argues in Hive Mind, modest differences in national IQ can explain most cross-country inequalities. Whereas IQ scores do a moderately good job of predicting individual wages, information processing power, and brain size, a country's average score is a much stronger bellwether of its overall prosperity. Drawing on an expansive array of research from psychology, economics, management, and political science, Jones argues that intelligence and cognitive skill are significantly more important on a national level than on an individual one because they have "positive spillovers." On average, people who do better on standardized tests are more patient, more cooperative, and have better memories. As a result, these qualities-and others necessary to take on the complexity of a modern economy-become more prevalent in a society as national test scores rise. What's more, when we are surrounded by slightly more patient, informed, and cooperative neighbors we take on these qualities a bit more ourselves. In other words, the worker bees in every nation create a "hive mind" with a power all its own. Once the hive is established, each individual has only a tiny impact on his or her own life. Jones makes the case that, through better nutrition and schooling, we can raise IQ, thereby fostering higher savings rates, more productive teams, and more effective bureaucracies. After demonstrating how test scores that matter little for individuals can mean a world of difference for nations, the book leaves readers with policy-oriented conclusions and hopeful speculation: Whether we lift up the bottom through changing the nature of work, institutional improvements, or freer immigration, it is possible that this period of massive global inequality will be a short season by the standards of human history if we raise our global IQ.

Includes online access to new, customizable WJ IV score tables, graphs, and forms for clinicians Woodcock-Johnson IV: Reports, Recommendations, and Strategies offers psychologists, clinicians, and educators an essential resource for preparing and writing psychological and educational reports after administering the Woodcock-Johnson IV. Written by Drs. Nancy Mather and Lynne E. Jaffe, this text enhances comprehension and use of this instrument and its many interpretive features. This book offers helpful information for understanding and using the WJ IV scores, provides tips to facilitate interpretation of test results, and includes sample diagnostic reports of students with various educational needs from kindergarten to the postsecondary level. The book also provides a wide variety of recommendations for cognitive abilities; oral language; and the achievement areas of reading, written language, and mathematics. It also provides guidelines for evaluators and recommendations focused on special populations, such as sensory impairments, autism, English Language Learners, and gifted and twice exceptional students, as well as recommendations for the use of assistive technology. The final section provides descriptions of the academic and behavioral strategies mentioned in the reports and recommendations. The unique access code included with each book allows access to downloadable, easy-to-customize score tables, graphs, and forms. This essential guide * Facilitates the use and interpretation of the WJ IV Tests of Cognitive Abilities, Tests of Oral Language, and Tests of Achievement * Explains scores and various interpretive features * Offers a variety of types of diagnostic reports * Provides a wide variety of educational recommendations and evidence-based strategies

A smart way to teach children to think logically and creatively One of the most precious gifts you can offer a child is a sharp mind. The 56 puzzles in this delightful collection were passed down through generations of Chinese families who wanted their children to develop concentration and mental agility. Baifang spent hours enjoying them with her family and friends as she was growing up in the north of China. Now living in San Francisco, Baifang is passing them on to her own children and to families everywhere. Each puzzle inspires clear, precise, and inventive thinking. Some teach math concepts; others involve spatial relationships and visualization. All of them have fascinating solutions and help improve memory and problem-solving skills. An inexhaustible source of challenging fun, these are mental calisthenics for stimulating interaction between lively minds from ages 8 to 80.

IQ and psychometric tests are increasingly used in recruitment and selection procedures by those companies who want to ensure they employ workers of the highest calibre. With hundreds of questions on verbal, numerical and spatial ability, memory, creativity and personality, IQ and Psychometric Tests will help you to weigh up your strengths and weaknesses and improve your score. It also includes two full length IQ tests. Vital preparation for anyone facing these tests as part of a recruitment procedure, IQ and Psychometric Tests will also appeal to anyone who enjoys stretching their mind and exercising their brain.

Good scientific research depends on critical thinking at least as much as factual knowledge; psychology is no exception to this rule. And yet, despite the importance of critical thinking, psychology students are rarely taught how to think critically about the theories, methods, and concepts they must use. This book shows students and researchers how to think critically about key topics such as experimental research, statistical inference, case studies, logical fallacies, and ethical judgments. Using updated research findings and new insights, this volume provides a comprehensive overview of what critical thinking is and how to teach it in psychology. Written by leading experts in critical thinking in psychology, each chapter contains useful pedagogical features, such as critical-thinking questions, brief summaries, and definitions of key terms. It also supplies descriptions of each chapter author's critical-thinking experience, which evidences how critical thinking has made a difference to facilitating career development.

Quickly acquire the knowledge and skills you need to confidently administer, score, and interpret the WAIS(R)-IV

Coauthored by Alan S. Kaufman, who was mentored by David Wechsler--the creator of the Wechsler scales--"Essentials of WAIS"(R)"-IV Assessment," "Second Edition" is thoroughly revised and updated to" "provide beginning and seasoned clinicians with comprehensive step-by-step guidelines for effective use of the WAIS(R)-IV. This invaluable guide provides clinicians with a brand new interpretive process, overhauling its system of profile interpretation to be equally powerful across the "entire" WAIS(R)-IV age range.

Like all the volumes in the "Essentials of Psychological Assessment" series, this book is designed to help busy mental health professionals quickly acquire the basic knowledge and skills they need to make optimal use of a major psychological assessment instrument. Each concise chapter features numerous callout boxes highlighting key concepts, bulleted points, and extensive illustrative material, as well as test questions that help you gauge and reinforce your grasp of the information covered.

The new edition explores timely topics including gender and ethnic differences, as well as the role of the Flynn Effect in capital punishment court cases. Along with an accompanying CD-ROM containing scoring tables and case report material, the "Second Edition" includes information and advice on how to administer Q-interactive(TM)--the new digital version of the test--for administration of the WAIS(R)-IV via iPad(R).

Other titles in the "Essentials of Psychological Assessment "series:

Essentials of Assessment Report Writing

Essentials of WISC(R)-IV Assessment, Second Edition

Essentials of WMS(R)-IV Assessment

Essentials of Cross-Battery Assessment, Third Edition

Essentials of WJ III(TM) Tests of Achievement Assessment

Essentials of WJ III(TM) Cognitive Abilities Assessment, Second Edition

Essentials of Neuropsychological Assessment, Second Edition

Originally published in 1990, this title attempts to provide for the educational practitioner an overview of a field that responded in the 1980s to a major educational agenda. This innovative 'agenda' called for teaching students in ways that dramatically improved the quality of their thinking. Its context is a variety of changes in education that brought the explicit teaching of thinking to the consciousness of more and more teachers and administrators.

Research on insight problem solving examines how new ideas are generated to solve problems that initially resist the application of prior knowledge or analogue solutions. In the laboratory, insight problems are designed to create an impasse; overcoming the impasse is sometimes accompanied by a distinctive phenomenological experience, the so-called Aha! moment. Insight: On the Origins of New Ideas presents research that captures these episodes of insight under laboratory conditions and informs models that account for their emergence. Descriptions and analyses of episodes of discovery both in and out of the laboratory are included to provide a general overview of insight. Featuring contributions from leading researchers, the volume debates the relative importance of intelligence and working memory, the development of an alternative interpretation of the problem based on deliberate analyses and heuristics, and unconscious inferences in the emergence of insight. These discussions generate new testable hypotheses to shed light on the cognitive processes underpinning insight, along with concrete methodological recommendations that, together, map a productive programme of future research. This book will be of interest to students and researchers of thinking and reasoning - specifically those interested in insight and creative problem solving.

Dual Process Theory 2.0 provides a comprehensive overview of the new directions in which dual process research is heading. Human thinking is often characterized as an interplay between intuition and deliberation and this two-headed, dual process view of human thinking has been very influential in the cognitive sciences and popular media. However, despite the popularity of the dual process framework it faces multiple challenges. Recent advances indicate that there is a strong need to re-think some of the fundamental assumptions of the original dual process model. With chapters written by leading scholars who have been actively involved in the development of an upgraded 'Dual Process Theory 2.0', this edited volume presents an accessible overview of the latest empirical findings and theoretical ideas.. With cutting edge insights on the interaction between intuition and deliberation, Dual Process Theory 2.0 should be of interest to psychologists, philosophers, and economists who are using dual process models.

This Second Edition of Quantitative Reasoning empowers students to use quantitative information to make responsible financial, environmental, and health-related decisions in their daily lives. Students develop their critical thinking skills through numerous examples, explorations, and activities featuring real data. Students use a variety of analysis throughout the text: inductive and deductive reasoning; tabular, symbolic, verbal, and graphical forms of functions and relations; graphs and pictorial representations of data; interpretations of probabilistic data; surveys and statistical studies.

Sevilla and Somer's "Quantitative Reasoning, 2nd Edition" comes available with WileyPLUS, a research-based, online environment for effective teaching and learning, which takes the guesswork out of studying by providing them with a clear roadmap: what to do, how to do it, and whether they did it right.WileyPLUS sold separately from text.

This volume contains the Proceedings of the V Meeting Italian/American Philosophy on the Theme "Autonomy of Reason?" that took place in Rome from the 16th to the 19th October 2007. Reason that is purely autonomous in self-legislating is completely empty and impotent or incapable of self-determination. Self-determination exists only in that realm of the spirit that is not simply the realm of ends, but a historical society based on reciprocal recognition that is established through law, and finally freely self-determined only through acting in a state that has as its last end the achievement of freedom.

This practical guide for succeeding in aptitude tests, which are increasingly being used to test applicants for jobs and academic courses. This practical guide for succeeding in aptitude tests, which are increasingly being used to test applicants for jobs and academic courses, offers general information (benefits, drawbacks, use of tests) in addition to many examples of themed tests with recommended answers and explanations. It is an essential aid for anyone faced with an aptitude or psychometric test - particularly one that can make the difference between getting a job or losing it! Includes: Verbal, non-verbal, spatial and numerical tests. Tips on how to speed through a test.

In the course of their researches for Mental Imagery in the Child (1971), the authors came to appreciate that action may be more conducive to the formation and conservation of images than is mere perception. This raised the problem of memory and its relation to intelligence, which they examine in this title, originally published in English in 1973. Through the analysis primarily of the child's capacity for remembering additive and multiplicative logical structures, and his remembrance of causal and spatial structures, the authors investigate whether memories pursue their own course, regardless of the intelligence or whether, in specified conditions, mnemonic improvements may be due to progress in intelligence. They examine the relationship between the memory's figurative aspects (from perceptive recognition to the memory-image) and its operational aspects (the schemata of the intelligence), and stress the fundamental significance of the mnemonic level known as the 'reconstructive memory'. This was a pioneering work at the time, presenting illuminating conclusions drawn from extensive research, together with a number of constructive ideas which opened up a fresh approach to an important area of educational psychology.

This volume analyzes the Serial podcast, situating it in the trajectory of other popular crime narratives and contemporary cultural theory. Contributors focus on topics such as the ethics of the use of fiction techniques in investigative journalism, the epistemological overlay of postmodern indeterminacy, and the audience's prolific activity in social media, examining the competing narrative strategies of the narrators, characters, and the audience. Other topics considered include the multiplication of narratives and the longing for closure, how our minds work as we experience true crime narratives, and what critical race theory can teach us about the program's strategies.