This book presents a study of the COVID-19 pandemic using computational social scientific analysis that draws from, and employs, statistics and simulations. Combining approaches in crisis management, risk assessment and mathematical modelling, the work also draws from the philosophy of sacrifice and futurology. It makes an original contribution to the important issue of the stability of society by highlighting two significant factors: the COVID-19 crisis as a catalyst for change and the rise of AI and Big Data in managing society. It also emphasizes the nature and importance of sacrifices and the role of politics in the distribution of sacrifices. The book considers the treatment of AI and Big Data and their use to both "good" and "bad" ends, exposing the inevitability of these tools being used. Relevant to both policymakers and social scientists interested in the influence of AI and Big Data on the structure of society, the book re-evaluates the ways we think of lifestyles, economic systems and the balance of power in tandem with digital transformation.

Reproducible Finance with R: Code Flows and Shiny Apps for Portfolio Analysis is a unique introduction to data science for investment management that explores the three major R/finance coding paradigms, emphasizes data visualization, and explains how to build a cohesive suite of functioning Shiny applications. The full source code, asset price data and live Shiny applications are available at reproduciblefinance.com. The ideal reader works in finance or wants to work in finance and has a desire to learn R code and Shiny through simple, yet practical real-world examples. The book begins with the first step in data science: importing and wrangling data, which in the investment context means importing asset prices, converting to returns, and constructing a portfolio. The next section covers risk and tackles descriptive statistics such as standard deviation, skewness, kurtosis, and their rolling histories. The third section focuses on portfolio theory, analyzing the Sharpe Ratio, CAPM, and Fama French models. The book concludes with applications for finding individual asset contribution to risk and for running Monte Carlo simulations. For each of these tasks, the three major coding paradigms are explored and the work is wrapped into interactive Shiny dashboards.

Compositional Data Analysis in Practice is a user-oriented practical guide to the analysis of data with the property of a constant sum, for example percentages adding up to 100%. Compositional data can give misleading results if regular statistical methods are applied, and are best analysed by first transforming them to logarithms of ratios. This book explains how this transformation affects the analysis, results and interpretation of this very special type of data. All aspects of compositional data analysis are considered: visualization, modelling, dimension-reduction, clustering and variable selection, with many examples in the fields of food science, archaeology, sociology and biochemistry, and a final chapter containing a complete case study using fatty acid compositions in ecology. The applicability of these methods extends to other fields such as linguistics, geochemistry, marketing, economics and finance. R Software The following repository contains data files and R scripts from the book https://github.com/michaelgreenacre/CODAinPractice. The R package easyCODA, which accompanies this book, is available on CRAN -- note that you should have version 0.25 or higher. The latest version of the package will always be available on R-Forge and can be installed from R with this instruction: install.packages("easyCODA", repos="http://R-Forge.R-project.org").

Sufficient dimension reduction is a rapidly developing research field that has wide applications in regression diagnostics, data visualization, machine learning, genomics, image processing, pattern recognition, and medicine, because they are fields that produce large datasets with a large number of variables. Sufficient Dimension Reduction: Methods and Applications with R introduces the basic theories and the main methodologies, provides practical and easy-to-use algorithms and computer codes to implement these methodologies, and surveys the recent advances at the frontiers of this field. Features Provides comprehensive coverage of this emerging research field. Synthesizes a wide variety of dimension reduction methods under a few unifying principles such as projection in Hilbert spaces, kernel mapping, and von Mises expansion. Reflects most recent advances such as nonlinear sufficient dimension reduction, dimension folding for tensorial data, as well as sufficient dimension reduction for functional data. Includes a set of computer codes written in R that are easily implemented by the readers. Uses real data sets available online to illustrate the usage and power of the described methods. Sufficient dimension reduction has undergone momentous development in recent years, partly due to the increased demands for techniques to process high-dimensional data, a hallmark of our age of Big Data. This book will serve as the perfect entry into the field for the beginning researchers or a handy reference for the advanced ones. The author Bing Li obtained his Ph.D. from the University of Chicago. He is currently a Professor of Statistics at the Pennsylvania State University. His research interests cover sufficient dimension reduction, statistical graphical models, functional data analysis, machine learning, estimating equations and quasilikelihood, and robust statistics. He is a fellow of the Institute of Mathematical Statistics and the American Statistical Association. He is an Associate Editor for The Annals of Statistics and the Journal of the American Statistical Association.

After the fundamental volume and the advanced technique volume, this volume focuses on R applications in the quantitative investment area. Quantitative investment has been hot for some years, and there are more and more startups working on it, combined with many other internet communities and business models. R is widely used in this area, and can be a very powerful tool. The author introduces R applications with cases from his own startup, covering topics like portfolio optimization and risk management.

The Workflow of Data Analysis Using Stata, by J. Scott Long, is an essential productivity tool for data analysts. Long presents lessons gained from his experience and demonstrates how to design and implement efficient workflows for both one-person projects and team projects. After introducing workflows and explaining how a better workflow can make it easier to work with data, Long describes planning, organizing, and documenting your work. He then introduces how to write and debug Stata do-files and how to use local and global macros. After a discussion of conventions that greatly simplify data analysis the author covers cleaning, analyzing, and protecting data.

R is rapidly becoming the standard software for statistical analyses, graphical presentation of data, and programming in the natural, physical, social, and engineering sciences. Getting Started with R is now the go-to introductory guide for biologists wanting to learn how to use R in their research. It teaches readers how to import, explore, graph, and analyse data, while keeping them focused on their ultimate goals: clearly communicating their data in oral presentations, posters, papers, and reports. It provides a consistent workflow for using R that is simple, efficient, reliable, and reproducible. This second edition has been updated and expanded while retaining the concise and engaging nature of its predecessor, offering an accessible and fun introduction to the packages dplyr and ggplot2 for data manipulation and graphing. It expands the set of basic statistics considered in the first edition to include new examples of a simple regression, a one-way and a two-way ANOVA. Finally, it introduces a new chapter on the generalised linear model. Getting Started with R is suitable for undergraduates, graduate students, professional researchers, and practitioners in the biological sciences.

This book discusses all major topics on survey sampling and estimation. It covers traditional as well as advanced sampling methods related to the spatial populations. The book presents real-world applications of major sampling methods and illustrates them with the R software. As a large sample size is not cost-efficient, this book introduces a new method by using the domain knowledge of the negative correlation between the variable of interest and the auxiliary variable in order to control the size of a sample. In addition, the book focuses on adaptive cluster sampling, rank-set sampling and their applications in real life. Advance methods discussed in the book have tremendous applications in ecology, environmental science, health science, forestry, bio-sciences, and humanities. This book is targeted as a text for undergraduate and graduate students of statistics, as well as researchers in various disciplines.

This book provides a complete and comprehensive guide to Pyomo (Python Optimization Modeling Objects) for beginning and advanced modelers, including students at the undergraduate and graduate levels, academic researchers, and practitioners. Using many examples to illustrate the different techniques useful for formulating models, this text beautifully elucidates the breadth of modeling capabilities that are supported by Pyomo and its handling of complex real-world applications. In the third edition, much of the material has been reorganized, new examples have been added, and a new chapter has been added describing how modelers can improve the performance of their models. The authors have also modified their recommended method for importing Pyomo. A big change in this edition is the emphasis of concrete models, which provide fewer restrictions on the specification and use of Pyomo models. Pyomo is an open source software package for formulating and solving large-scale optimization problems. The software extends the modeling approach supported by modern AML (Algebraic Modeling Language) tools. Pyomo is a flexible, extensible, and portable AML that is embedded in Python, a full-featured scripting language. Python is a powerful and dynamic programming language that has a very clear, readable syntax and intuitive object orientation. Pyomo includes Python classes for defining sparse sets, parameters, and variables, which can be used to formulate algebraic expressions that define objectives and constraints. Moreover, Pyomo can be used from a command-line interface and within Python's interactive command environment, which makes it easy to create Pyomo models, apply a variety of optimizers, and examine solutions.

Beginning R: An Introduction to Statistical Programming is a hands-on book showing how to use the R language, write and save R scripts, build and import data files, and write your own custom statistical functions. R is a powerful open-source implementation of the statistical language S, which was developed by AT&T. R has eclipsed S and the commercially-available S-Plus language, and has become the de facto standard for doing, teaching, and learning computational statistics. R is both an object-oriented language and a functional language that is easy to learn, easy to use, and completely free. A large community of dedicated R users and programmers provides an excellent source of R code, functions, and data sets. R is also becoming adopted into commercial tools such as Oracle Database. Your investment in learning R is sure to pay off in the long term as R continues to grow into the go to language for statistical exploration and research.* Covers the freely-available R language for statistics * Shows the use of R in specific uses case such as simulations, discrete probability solutions, one-way ANOVA analysis, and more * Takes a hands-on and example-based approach incorporating best practices with clear explanations of the statistics being done What you'll learn * Acquire and install R * Import and export data and scripts * Generate basic statistics and graphics * Program in R to write custom functions * Use R for interactive statistical explorations * Implement simulations and other advanced techniques Who this book is for Beginning R: An Introduction to Statistical Programming is an easy-to-read book that serves as an instruction manual and reference for working professionals, professors, and students who want to learn and use R for basic statistics. It is the perfect book for anyone needing a free, capable, and powerful tool for exploring statistics and automating their use.

This book shows the capabilities of Microsoft Excel in teaching marketing statistics effectively. It is a step-by-step, exercise-driven guide for students and practitioners who need to master Excel to solve practical marketing problems. If understanding statistics isn't your strongest suit, you are not especially mathematically inclined, or if you are wary of computers, this is the right book for you.Excel, a widely available computer program for students and managers, is also an effective teaching and learning tool for quantitative analyses in marketing courses. Its powerful computational ability and graphical functions make learning statistics much easier than in years past. Excel 2019 for Marketing Statistics: A Guide to Solving Practical Problems capitalizes on these improvements by teaching students and managers how to apply Excel to statistical techniques necessary in their courses and work. In this new edition, each chapter explains statistical formulas and directs the reader to use Excel commands to solve specific, easy-to-understand marketing problems. Practice problems are provided at the end of each chapter with their solutions in an appendix. Separately, there is a full practice test (with answers in an appendix) that allows readers to test what they have learned.

Sharpening Your Advanced SAS (R) Skills presents sophisticated SAS programming techniques, procedures, and tools, such as Proc SQL, hash tables, and SAS Macro programming, for any industry. Drawing on his more than 20 years' experience of SAS programming in the pharmaceutical industry, the author provides a unique approach that empowers both advanced programmers who need a quick refresher and programmers interested in learning new techniques. The book helps you easily search for key points by summarizing and differentiating the syntax between similar SAS statements and options. Each chapter begins with an overview so you can quickly locate the detailed examples and syntax. The basic syntax, expected data, and descriptions are organized in summary tables to facilitate better memory recall. General rules list common points about similar statements or options. Real-world examples of SAS programs and code statements are line numbered with references, such as SAS papers and websites, for more detailed explanations. The text also includes end-of-chapter questions to reinforce your knowledge of the topics and prepare you for the advanced SAS certification exam. In addition, the author's website offers mindmaps and process flowcharts that connect concepts and relationships.

A Strong Practical Focus on Applications and AlgorithmsComputational Statistics Handbook with MATLAB (R), Third Edition covers today's most commonly used techniques in computational statistics while maintaining the same philosophy and writing style of the bestselling previous editions. The text keeps theoretical concepts to a minimum, emphasizing the implementation of the methods. New to the Third EditionThis third edition is updated with the latest version of MATLAB and the corresponding version of the Statistics and Machine Learning Toolbox. It also incorporates new sections on the nearest neighbor classifier, support vector machines, model checking and regularization, partial least squares regression, and multivariate adaptive regression splines. Web ResourceThe authors include algorithmic descriptions of the procedures as well as examples that illustrate the use of algorithms in data analysis. The MATLAB code, examples, and data sets are available online.

A Guide to Doing Statistics in Second Language Research Using SPSS and R, Second Edition is the only text available that demonstrates how to use SPSS and R as specifically related to applied linguistics and SLA research. This new edition is up-to-date with the most recent version of the SPSS software and now also includes coverage of R, a software program increasingly used by researchers in this field. Supported by a number of pedagogical features, including tip boxes and practice activities, and a wealth of screenshots, this book takes readers through each step of performing and understanding statistical research, covering the most commonly used tests in second language research, including t-tests, correlation, and ANOVA. A robust accompanying website covers additional tests of interest to students and researchers, taking them step-by-step through carrying out these tests themselves. In this comprehensive and hands-on volume, Jenifer Larson-Hall equips readers with a thorough understanding and the practical skills necessary to conducting and interpreting statisical research effectively using SPSS and R, ideal for graduate students and researchers in SLA, social sciences, and applied lingustics. For more information and materials, please visit www.routledge.com/cw/larson-hall.

The application and interpretation of statistics are central to ecological study and practice. Ecologists are now asking more sophisticated questions than in the past. These new questions, together with the continued growth of computing power and the availability of new software, have created a new generation of statistical techniques. These have resulted in major recent developments in both our understanding and practice of ecological statistics. This novel book synthesizes a number of these changes, addressing key approaches and issues that tend to be overlooked in other books such as missing/censored data, correlation structure of data, heterogeneous data, and complex causal relationships. These issues characterize a large proportion of ecological data, but most ecologists' training in traditional statistics simply does not provide them with adequate preparation to handle the associated challenges. Uniquely, Ecological Statistics highlights the underlying links among many statistical approaches that attempt to tackle these issues. In particular, it gives readers an introduction to approaches to inference, likelihoods, generalized linear (mixed) models, spatially or phylogenetically-structured data, and data synthesis, with a strong emphasis on conceptual understanding and subsequent application to data analysis. Written by a team of practicing ecologists, mathematical explanations have been kept to the minimum necessary. This user-friendly textbook will be suitable for graduate students, researchers, and practitioners in the fields of ecology, evolution, environmental studies, and computational biology who are interested in updating their statistical tool kits. A companion web site provides example data sets and commented code in the R language.

All the Essentials to Start Using Adaptive Designs in No Time Compared to traditional clinical trial designs, adaptive designs often lead to increased success rates in drug development at reduced costs and time. Introductory Adaptive Trial Designs: A Practical Guide with R motivates newcomers to quickly and easily grasp the essence of adaptive designs as well as the foundations of adaptive design methods. The book reduces the mathematics to a minimum and makes the material as practical as possible. Instead of providing general, black-box commercial software packages, the author includes open-source R functions that enable readers to better understand the algorithms and customize the designs to meet their needs. Readers can run the simulations for all the examples and change the input parameters to see how each input parameter affects the simulation outcomes or design operating characteristics. Taking a learning-by-doing approach, this tutorial-style book guides readers on planning and executing various types of adaptive designs. It helps them develop the skills to begin using the designs immediately.

Effectively Access, Transform, Manipulate, Visualize, and Reason about Data and Computation Data Science in R: A Case Studies Approach to Computational Reasoning and Problem Solving illustrates the details involved in solving real computational problems encountered in data analysis. It reveals the dynamic and iterative process by which data analysts approach a problem and reason about different ways of implementing solutions. The book's collection of projects, comprehensive sample solutions, and follow-up exercises encompass practical topics pertaining to data processing, including: Non-standard, complex data formats, such as robot logs and email messages Text processing and regular expressions Newer technologies, such as Web scraping, Web services, Keyhole Markup Language (KML), and Google Earth Statistical methods, such as classification trees, k-nearest neighbors, and naive Bayes Visualization and exploratory data analysis Relational databases and Structured Query Language (SQL) Simulation Algorithm implementation Large data and efficiency Suitable for self-study or as supplementary reading in a statistical computing course, the book enables instructors to incorporate interesting problems into their courses so that students gain valuable experience and data science skills. Students learn how to acquire and work with unstructured or semistructured data as well as how to narrow down and carefully frame the questions of interest about the data. Blending computational details with statistical and data analysis concepts, this book provides readers with an understanding of how professional data scientists think about daily computational tasks. It will improve readers' computational reasoning of real-world data analyses.

R for College Mathematics and Statistics encourages the use of R in mathematics and statistics courses. Instructors are no longer limited to ``nice'' functions in calculus classes. They can require reports and homework with graphs. They can do simulations and experiments. R can be useful for student projects, for creating graphics for teaching, as well as for scholarly work. This book presents ways R, which is freely available, can enhance the teaching of mathematics and statistics. R has the potential to help students learn mathematics due to the need for precision, understanding of symbols and functions, and the logical nature of code. Moreover, the text provides students the opportunity for experimenting with concepts in any mathematics course. Features: Does not require previous experience with R Promotes the use of R in typical mathematics and statistics course work Organized by mathematics topics Utilizes an example-based approach Chapters are largely independent of each other

Studies of evolution at the molecular level have experienced phenomenal growth in the last few decades, due to rapid accumulation of genetic sequence data, improved computer hardware and software, and the development of sophisticated analytical methods. The flood of genomic data has generated an acute need for powerful statistical methods and efficient computational algorithms to enable their effective analysis and interpretation. Molecular Evolution: a statistical approach presents and explains modern statistical methods and computational algorithms for the comparative analysis of genetic sequence data in the fields of molecular evolution, molecular phylogenetics, statistical phylogeography, and comparative genomics. Written by an expert in the field, the book emphasizes conceptual understanding rather than mathematical proofs. The text is enlivened with numerous examples of real data analysis and numerical calculations to illustrate the theory, in addition to the working problems at the end of each chapter. The coverage of maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods are in particular up-to-date, comprehensive, and authoritative. This advanced textbook is aimed at graduate level students and professional researchers (both empiricists and theoreticians) in the fields of bioinformatics and computational biology, statistical genomics, evolutionary biology, molecular systematics, and population genetics. It will also be of relevance and use to a wider audience of applied statisticians, mathematicians, and computer scientists working in computational biology.

"Functional and Phylogenetic Ecology in R" is designed to teach readers to use R for phylogenetic and functional trait analyses. Over the past decade, a dizzying array of tools and methods were generated to incorporate phylogenetic and functional information into traditional ecological analyses. Increasingly these tools are implemented in R, thus greatly expanding their impact. Researchers getting started in R can use this volume as a step-by-step entryway into phylogenetic and functional analyses for ecology in R. More advanced users will be able to use this volume as a quick reference to understand particular analyses. The volume begins with an introduction to the R environment and handling relevant data in R. Chapters then cover phylogenetic and functional metrics of biodiversity; null modeling and randomizations for phylogenetic and functional trait analyses; integrating phylogenetic and functional trait information; and interfacing the R environment with a popular C-based program. This book presents a unique approach through its focus on ecological analyses and not macroevolutionary analyses. The author provides his own code, so that the reader is guided through the computational steps to calculate the desired metrics. This guided approach simplifies the work of determining which package to use for any given analysis. Example datasets are shared to help readers practice, and readers can then quickly turn to their own datasets.

An Up-to-Date, All-in-One Resource for Using SAS and R to Perform Frequent TasksThe first edition of this popular guide provided a path between SAS and R using an easy-to-understand, dictionary-like approach. Retaining the same accessible format, SAS and R: Data Management, Statistical Analysis, and Graphics, Second Edition explains how to easily perform an analytical task in both SAS and R, without having to navigate through the extensive, idiosyncratic, and sometimes unwieldy software documentation. The book covers many common tasks, such as data management, descriptive summaries, inferential procedures, regression analysis, and graphics, along with more complex applications. New to the Second EditionThis edition now covers RStudio, a powerful and easy-to-use interface for R. It incorporates a number of additional topics, including using application program interfaces (APIs), accessing data through database management systems, using reproducible analysis tools, and statistical analysis with Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods and finite mixture models. It also includes extended examples of simulations and many new examples. Enables Easy Mobility between the Two SystemsThrough the extensive indexing and cross-referencing, users can directly find and implement the material they need. SAS users can look up tasks in the SAS index and then find the associated R code while R users can benefit from the R index in a similar manner. Numerous example analyses demonstrate the code in action and facilitate further exploration. The datasets and code are available for download on the book's website.

A start-to-finish guide to one of the most useful programming languages for researchers in a variety of fields In the newly revised Third Edition of The R Book, a team of distinguished teachers and researchers delivers a user-friendly and comprehensive discussion of foundational and advanced topics in the R software language, which is used widely in science, engineering, medicine, economics, and other fields. The book is designed to be used as both a complete text--readable from cover to cover--and as a reference manual for practitioners seeking authoritative guidance on particular topics. This latest edition offers instruction on the use of the RStudio GUI, an easy-to-use environment for those new to R. It provides readers with a complete walkthrough of the R language, beginning at a point that assumes no prior knowledge of R and very little previous knowledge of statistics. Readers will also find: A thorough introduction to fundamental concepts in statistics and step-by-step roadmaps to their implementation in R; Comprehensive explorations of worked examples in R; A complementary companion website with downloadable datasets that are used in the book; In-depth examination of essential R packages. Perfect for undergraduate and postgraduate students of science, engineering, medicine economics, and geography, The R Book will also earn a place in the libraries of social sciences professionals.

An accessible primer on how to create effective graphics from data This book provides students and researchers a hands-on introduction to the principles and practice of data visualization. It explains what makes some graphs succeed while others fail, how to make high-quality figures from data using powerful and reproducible methods, and how to think about data visualization in an honest and effective way. Data Visualization builds the reader's expertise in ggplot2, a versatile visualization library for the R programming language. Through a series of worked examples, this accessible primer then demonstrates how to create plots piece by piece, beginning with summaries of single variables and moving on to more complex graphics. Topics include plotting continuous and categorical variables; layering information on graphics; producing effective "small multiple" plots; grouping, summarizing, and transforming data for plotting; creating maps; working with the output of statistical models; and refining plots to make them more comprehensible. Effective graphics are essential to communicating ideas and a great way to better understand data. This book provides the practical skills students and practitioners need to visualize quantitative data and get the most out of their research findings. Provides hands-on instruction using R and ggplot2 Shows how the "tidyverse" of data analysis tools makes working with R easier and more consistent Includes a library of data sets, code, and functions

Instead of presenting the standard theoretical treatments that underlie the various numerical methods used by scientists and engineers, Using R for Numerical Analysis in Science and Engineering shows how to use R and its add-on packages to obtain numerical solutions to the complex mathematical problems commonly faced by scientists and engineers. This practical guide to the capabilities of R demonstrates Monte Carlo, stochastic, deterministic, and other numerical methods through an abundance of worked examples and code, covering the solution of systems of linear algebraic equations and nonlinear equations as well as ordinary differential equations and partial differential equations. It not only shows how to use R's powerful graphic tools to construct the types of plots most useful in scientific and engineering work, but also: Explains how to statistically analyze and fit data to linear and nonlinear models Explores numerical differentiation, integration, and optimization Describes how to find eigenvalues and eigenfunctions Discusses interpolation and curve fitting Considers the analysis of time series Using R for Numerical Analysis in Science and Engineering provides a solid introduction to the most useful numerical methods for scientific and engineering data analysis using R.

This book presents the statistical analysis of compositional data sets, i.e., data in percentages, proportions, concentrations, etc. The subject is covered from its grounding principles to the practical use in descriptive exploratory analysis, robust linear models and advanced multivariate statistical methods, including zeros and missing values, and paying special attention to data visualization and model display issues. Many illustrated examples and code chunks guide the reader into their modeling and interpretation. And, though the book primarily serves as a reference guide for the R package "compositions," it is also a general introductory text on Compositional Data Analysis. Awareness of their special characteristics spread in the Geosciences in the early sixties, but a strategy for properly dealing with them was not available until the works of Aitchison in the eighties. Since then, research has expanded our understanding of their theoretical principles and the potentials and limitations of their interpretation. This is the first comprehensive textbook addressing these issues, as well as their practical implications with regard to software. The book is intended for scientists interested in statistically analyzing their compositional data. The subject enjoys relatively broad awareness in the geosciences and environmental sciences, but the spectrum of recent applications also covers areas like medicine, official statistics, and economics. Readers should be familiar with basic univariate and multivariate statistics. Knowledge of R is recommended but not required, as the book is self-contained.