Epilepsy is a prevalent and serious neurological disorder. This vital textbook addresses the role of neuroimaging as a unique tool to provide in vivo biomarkers aimed at furthering our understanding of causes and consequences of epilepsy in a day-to-day clinical context. Unique in its approach, this translational book presents a critical appraisal of advanced pre-clinical biomarkers that allows capturing epileptogenesis at molecular, cellular, and neuronal system levels. The book is divided into four sections. Part I includes a series of chapters focused on imaging of early disease stages. Part II discusses lesion detection and network analysis methods. Part III focuses on imaging methods used to predict response to antiepileptic drugs and surgery. Finally, Part IV presents imaging techniques used to evaluate disease consequence.

Deep Learning for Chest Radiographs enumerates different strategies implemented by the authors for designing an efficient convolution neural network-based computer-aided classification (CAC) system for binary classification of chest radiographs into "Normal" and "Pneumonia." Pneumonia is an infectious disease mostly caused by a bacteria or a virus. The prime targets of this infectious disease are children below the age of 5 and adults above the age of 65, mostly due to their poor immunity and lower rates of recovery. Globally, pneumonia has prevalent footprints and kills more children as compared to any other immunity-based disease, causing up to 15% of child deaths per year, especially in developing countries. Out of all the available imaging modalities, such as computed tomography, radiography or X-ray, magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasound, and so on, chest radiographs are most widely used for differential diagnosis between Normal and Pneumonia. In the CAC system designs implemented in this book, a total of 200 chest radiograph images consisting of 100 Normal images and 100 Pneumonia images have been used. These chest radiographs are augmented using geometric transformations, such as rotation, translation, and flipping, to increase the size of the dataset for efficient training of the Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). A total of 12 experiments were conducted for the binary classification of chest radiographs into Normal and Pneumonia. It also includes in-depth implementation strategies of exhaustive experimentation carried out using transfer learning-based approaches with decision fusion, deep feature extraction, feature selection, feature dimensionality reduction, and machine learning-based classifiers for implementation of end-to-end CNN-based CAC system designs, lightweight CNN-based CAC system designs, and hybrid CAC system designs for chest radiographs. This book is a valuable resource for academicians, researchers, clinicians, postgraduate and graduate students in medical imaging, CAC, computer-aided diagnosis, computer science and engineering, electrical and electronics engineering, biomedical engineering, bioinformatics, bioengineering, and professionals from the IT industry.

Image-Based Computational Modeling of the Human Circulatory and Pulmonary Systems provides an overview of the current modeling methods and applications enhancing interventional treatments and computer-aided surgery. A detailed description of the techniques behind image acquisition, processing and three-dimensional reconstruction are included. Techniques for the computational simulation of solid and fluid mechanics and structure interaction are also discussed, in addition to various cardiovascular and pulmonary applications. Engineers and researchers involved with image processing and computational modeling of human organ systems will find this a valuable reference.

Sharpen your skills in chest x-ray interpretation using this trusted clinical resource! Chest Radiology: Patterns and Differential Diagnoses, 7th Edition, by Dr. James Reed, walks you through a logical, sequential thought process for the differential diagnoses of 23 radiologic patterns of common chest diseases, using 150 superbly illustrated patient cases. You'll gain a solid and thorough understanding of how to read and interpret chest x-rays with expert guidance on common disease patterns, differential diagnoses, narrowing down the diagnoses, and further studies (from additional radiographic exams to CT or to biopsy). Each chapter follows a consistent format: Presenting Case, Questions, Discussion, Top 5 Diagnoses, Summary, and Answer Guide. Heavily illustrated with chest radiographs and additional CT, HRCT, and MR correlative images; plus bulleted summary boxes of comprehensive diagnoses lists and interpretation points. An ideal resource for mastering this lower-cost modality before considering more complicated and costly procedures. Illustrated case studies and quizzes feature new and improved questions that address the challenges seen in practice today. Significant updates on carcinoid tumors and pulmonary nodules, including pathologic descriptions, detection, management, and new terminology; new lung cancer screening guidelines and benefits of CT vs. x-ray for screening; and CT description of nodules, detection of pulmonary nodules with chest x-rays, anatomic and perception problems with x-rays in identifying nodules. New content on diffuse disease, including new pathologic terms and the latest impact of high resolution CT (HRCT). Updates on radiation dosing and emphasis on lower dosing, and an expanded emphasis on how to interpret x-rays and CT scans. Expert ConsultT eBook version included with purchase. This enhanced eBook experience allows you to search all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices.

This book covers emerging trends in signal processing research and biomedical engineering, exploring the ways in which signal processing plays a vital role in applications ranging from medical electronics to data mining of electronic medical records. Topics covered include statistical modeling of electroencephalograph data for predicting or detecting seizure, stroke, or Parkinson's; machine learning methods and their application to biomedical problems, which is often poorly understood, even within the scientific community; signal analysis; medical imaging; and machine learning, data mining, and classification. The book features tutorials and examples of successful applications that will appeal to a wide range of professionals and researchers interested in applications of signal processing, medicine, and biology.

This book presents cutting-edge research and applications of deep learning in a broad range of medical imaging scenarios, such as computer-aided diagnosis, image segmentation, tissue recognition and classification, and other areas of medical and healthcare problems. Each of its chapters covers a topic in depth, ranging from medical image synthesis and techniques for muskuloskeletal analysis to diagnostic tools for breast lesions on digital mammograms and glaucoma on retinal fundus images. It also provides an overview of deep learning in medical image analysis and highlights issues and challenges encountered by researchers and clinicians, surveying and discussing practical approaches in general and in the context of specific problems. Academics, clinical and industry researchers, as well as young researchers and graduate students in medical imaging, computer-aided-diagnosis, biomedical engineering and computer vision will find this book a great reference and very useful learning resource.

Musculoskeletal Imaging Volume 2 provides a comprehensive review of the subject matter commonly encountered by practicing radiologists and radiology residents in training. This volume includes succinct overviews of metabolic, infectious, and congenital diseases; internal derangement of joints; and arthography, and ultrasound. Part of the Rotations in Radiology series, this book offers a guided approach to imaging diagnosis with examples of all imaging modalities complimented by the basics of interpretation and technique and the nuances necessary to arrive at the best diagnosis. Each pathology is covered with a targeted discussion that reviews the definition, clinical features, anatomy and physiology, imaging techniques, differential diagnosis, clinical issues, key points, and further reading. This organization is ideal for trainees' use during specific rotations, for exam review, or as a quick refresher for the established musculoskeletal imager. It is a must-read for residents and practicing radiologists seeking a foundation for the essential knowledge base in musculoskeletal imaging. Musculoskeletal Imaging Volume 1 reviews trauma, arthritis, and tumor and tumor-like conditions.

Presenting ultrasound pathology from a clinical perspective, this unique resource discusses various pathologies that may be related to a patient's symptoms and features illustrations with ultrasound scans that demonstrate each pathology. Organized into four major sections - abdomen, obstetrics, gynecology, and superficial structures - each symptom is presented in its own chapter along with key terms, an introductory paragraph, a clinical scenario, discussions of pathologies, illustrations, and patient scenarios. Instructor resources are available; please contact your Elsevier sales representative for details. "This book covers a wide range of ultrasound examinations looking at the clinical question first. It is written for sonographers and student sonographers by two Academics and a sonographer. Because this book is written by American authors some terminology will be incorrect in the UK setting. [...] However, as long as the reader is aware of this, most Ultrasound Departments will find this a useful resource to have on their shelves and use for CPD." Reviewed by: Allison Harris, Clinical Co-Ordinator, City University London, Date: Oct 14 "I really like the design and clinical focus of this book and believe that it will stimulate critical thinking among its transatlantic target audience. For UK readers, though, I feel it has less appeal." Reviewed by: RAD Magazine Date: July 2014 Symptom-based presentation makes it easy for beginning and experienced sonographers to quickly find information related to the patient's symptom. Summary tables of differential diagnoses and sonographic findings provide you with a brief overview of all chapter material for quick reference. Clinical scenarios at the beginning of each chapter help you learn to apply information to the clinical setting. Case studies and discussion questions give you the opportunity to enhance your critical-thinking skills and measure your comprehension of material. Over 900 ultrasound images correlated to the pathology illustrate what you'll encounter in the clinical setting. Glossary helps you define important terminology. New chapters provide you with more complete coverage of the pathology sonographers encounter in practice. New case studies with critical-thinking questions set up realistic situations for you to use as a frame of reference. 600 updated images produced by the latest technology keep you on the cutting-edge of sonography. Instructor access to multiple-choice and image based test questions

This book provides a broad overview of pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms, focusing on the most important developments in the technologies used to diagnose, classify and treat them. After a historical and epidemiological overview, the opening chapters examine the various diagnostic approaches (radiology, nuclear medicine, endocrinology, cytology and immunohistochemistry) and discuss the WHO classification. The functioning and nonfunctioning tumor types are then fully discussed, covering epidemiology, diagnosis, morphology and prognosis of each entity. Careful consideration is given to the molecular features that have contributed in understanding the pathogenesis of such neoplasms and may have potential implications for the diagnostic and therapeutic pathways. The final chapters consider the surgical and medical approaches to therapy, providing a practical and analytical overview of the available options. The book is written by a multidisciplinary team of worldwide-recognized experts and is addressed to radiologists, nuclear medicine physicians, endocrinologists, pathologists, surgeons and oncologists.

From the Watching of Shadows: The Origins of Radiological Tomography presents the first complete history of body imaging by discrete sections, from its earliest beginnings around 1920 to modern times. Divided into two parts, the book is highly illustrated with many original figures from patents and some previously unpublished pictures. The first part covers classical tomography from 1920 to the 1960s, including the origins of radiological tomography. The second part takes a fresh look at computed transmission and emission tomography that includes recent developments by pioneering tomographers. Tables in each chapter summarize key historical landmarks. The book also includes an extensive glossary of technical terms and a comprehensive index. It is ideal reading for diagnostic radiologists and radiographers interested in the origins of their techniques, for practicing medical physicists, and for historians of medicine and science.

This book presents non-linear image enhancement approaches to mammograms as a robust computer-aided analysis solution for the early detection of breast cancer, and provides a compendium of non-linear mammogram enhancement approaches: from the fundamentals to research challenges, practical implementations, validation, and advances in applications. The book includes a comprehensive discussion on breast cancer, mammography, breast anomalies, and computer-aided analysis of mammograms. It also addresses fundamental concepts of mammogram enhancement and associated challenges, and features a detailed review of various state-of-the-art approaches to the enhancement of mammographic images and emerging research gaps. Given its scope, the book offers a valuable asset for radiologists and medical experts (oncologists), as mammogram visualization can enhance the precision of their diagnostic analyses; and for researchers and engineers, as the analysis of non-linear filters is one of the most challenging research domains in image processing.

This book illustrates the significance of biomedical engineering in modern healthcare systems. Biomedical engineering plays an important role in a range of areas, from diagnosis and analysis to treatment and recovery and has entered the public consciousness through the proliferation of implantable medical devices, such as pacemakers and artificial hips, as well as the more futuristic technologies such as stem cell engineering and 3-D printing of biological organs. Starting with an introduction to biomedical engineering, the book then discusses various tools and techniques for medical diagnostics and treatment and recent advances. It also provides comprehensive and integrated information on rehabilitation engineering, including the design of artificial body parts, and the underlying principles, and standards. It also presents a conceptual framework to clarify the relationship between ethical policies in medical practice and philosophical moral reasoning. Lastly, the book highlights a number of challenges associated with modern healthcare technologies.

Concise, fact-based and packed with images and illustrations The EACVI Echo Handbook is the perfect companion for making both every day and complex clinical decisions. Designed and written by leading experts in the field of echocardiography for use in the clinical arena, this practical handbook provides the necessary information for reviewing, or consulting while performing or reporting on an echo or making clinical decisions based on echo findings. Disease-focussed and succinct, it covers the information needed to accurately perform and interpret echocardiograms, including how to set up the echo-machine to optimize an examination and how to perform echocardiographic disease assessment; the clinical indicators, procedures and contraindications. Linked to EACVI recommendations and the EACVI Core Curriculum The EACVI Echo Handbook is an essential and easily accessible manual on using echocardiography for sonographers and trainee cardiologists that should never be left behind when performing an echocardiogram.

Addressing the basic concepts of radiological physics and radiation protection, together with a structured approach to image interpretation, Radiology at a Glance is the perfect guide for medical students, junior doctors and radiologists. Covering the radiology of plain films, fluoroscopy, CT, MRI, intervention, nuclear medicine, and mammography, this edition has been fully updated to reflect advances in the field and now contains new spreads on cardiac, breast and bowel imaging, as well as further information on interventional radiology. Radiology at a Glance: * Assumes no prior knowledge of radiology * Addresses both theory and clinical practice through theoretical and case-based chapters * Provides structured help in assessing which radiological procedures are most appropriate for specific clinical problems * Includes increased image clarity Supported by 'classic cases' chapters in each section, and presented in a clear and concise format, Radiology at a Glance is easily accessible whether on the ward or as a quick revision guide.

The advent of dedicated whole-body MRI scanners has made it possible to image the human body from head to toe with excellent spatial resolution and with the sensitivity and specificity of conventional MR systems. A comprehensive screening examination by MRI relies on fast image acquisition, and this is now feasible owing to several very recent developments, including multichannel techniques, new surface coil systems, and automatic table movement. The daily analysis of whole-body MRI datasets uncovers many incidental findings, which are discussed by an interdisciplinary advisory board of physicians from all specialties. This book provides a systematic overview of these incidental findings with the aid of approximately 240 high-quality images. The radiologists involved in the project have written chapters on each organ system, presenting a structured compilation of the most common findings, their morphologic appearances on whole-body MRI, and guidance on their clinical management. Chapters on technical and ethical issues are also included. It is hoped that this book will assist other diagnosticians in deciding how to handle the most common incidental findings encountered when performing whole-body MRI.

Based upon the research they have conducted over the past decade in the field of denoising processes for medical ultrasonic imaging, in this book, the authors systematically present despeckling methods for medical ultrasonic images. Firstly, the respective methods are reviewed and divided into five categories. Secondly, after introducing some basic mathematical tools such as wavelet and shearlet transforms, the authors highlight five recently developed despeckling methods for medical ultrasonic images. In turn, simulations and experiments for clinical ultrasonic images are presented for each method, and comparison studies with other well-known existing methods are conducted, showing the effectiveness and superiority of the new methods. Students and researchers in the field of signal and image processing, as well as medical professionals whose work involves ultrasonic diagnosis, will greatly benefit from this book. Familiarizing them with the state of the art in despeckling methods for medical ultrasonic images, it offers a useful reference guide for their study and research work.

Handbook for Clinical Trials of Imaging and Image-Guided Interventions is the first single-source, multi-disciplinary reference, based on the didactic sessions presented at the annual Clinical Trials Methodology Workshop for radiologists, radiation oncologists and imaging scientists (sponsored by the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA)). It focuses on educating radiologists, radiation oncologists and those involved in imaging research with how to design and conduct clinical trials to evaluate imaging technology and imaging biomarkers. The internationally renowned contributors take a broad approach, starting with principles of technology assessment, and then move into specific topics covering the clinical trials of therapy and clinical research in imaging guided interventions including radiotherapy. They discuss the use of imaging as a predictor of therapeutic response, screening trial design, and the practicalities of how to run an efficient clinical trial and good working practices. Later chapters provide a comprehensive array of quantitative methods including: an introduction to statistical considerations in study design, biostatistical analysis methods and their role in clinical imaging research, methods for quantitative imaging biomarker studies, and an introduction to cost effectiveness analysis. Handbook for Clinical Trials of Imaging and Image-Guided Interventions will educate and prepare radiologists at all levels and in all capacities in planning and conducting clinical imaging trials.

The book discusses the impact of machine learning and computational intelligent algorithms on medical image data processing, and introduces the latest trends in machine learning technologies and computational intelligence for intelligent medical image analysis. The topics covered include automated region of interest detection of magnetic resonance images based on center of gravity; brain tumor detection through low-level features detection; automatic MRI image segmentation for brain tumor detection using the multi-level sigmoid activation function; and computer-aided detection of mammographic lesions using convolutional neural networks.

Covering the entire spectrum of this fast-changing field, Diagnostic Imaging: Breast, third edition, is an invaluable resource not only for radiologists, but for all health care professionals involved in the management of breast disease. From screening and diagnostic mammography and tomosynthesis, ultrasound, and MR to contrast-enhanced mammography and molecular imaging, Drs. Wendie Berg and Jessica Leung, along with their expert author team, provide carefully updated information in a concise, bulleted format. Thousands of high-quality illustrations highlight not only image acquisition and interpretation, but also screening guidelines, breast anatomy, genetic testing, image-guided procedures, determining the extent of disease and much more. This book provides essential, clinically-focused details for everyday breast imaging. Features more than 4,000 annotated, updated images throughout, including imaging findings complemented by histopathologic and clinical correlates of the spectrum of breast disease Provides timely coverage of less common but important topics such as gender reassignment, disease-causing mutations and risk assessment, malignancy in pregnancy, nodal disease in breast cancer care, and male breast disease Discusses new technologies, including abbreviated MR, contrast-enhanced mammography, and automated breast ultrasound Includes updated information on evolving medical, oncologic, surgical, and radiation, and oncoplastic treatment of the breast cancer patient, along with discussion of ongoing trials and future directions Offers expanded and updated information on dense breast reporting, screening recommendations, patients at elevated risk, and imaging paradigms in patients with dense breasts, as well as analysis of various updated breast cancer screening guidelines Uses bulleted, succinct text for fast and easy comprehension of essential information Enhanced eBook version included with purchase, which allows you to access all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices

A complete and practical guide, this text describes how to produce high-quality radiographic and ultrasound images. The first half of the book covers equipment, safety, and technique - all major responsibilities of the veterinary technician. The second half details radiographic positioning for small animals, large animals, and exotics. Reflecting the major role of ultrasonography in veterinary practice, the book concludes with an expanded chapter on diagnostic ultrasound. Practical, concise clinical format Written at the appropriate reading level for technicians Abundant illustrations emphasize basic radiographic and ultrasonographic principles, techniques, and equipment used in veterinary practice Concise and understandable discussion of physics and radiography Examples of common artifacts show how to avoid misinterpretation of imaging studies Excellent coverage of radiation safety Practical technique charts Excellent coverage of small- and large-animal positioning Exotics chapter featuring rodents (including ferrets), reptiles, and birds Ultrasound chapter that includes normal ultrasonographic findings, along with corresponding images Helpful hints given for obtaining quality images and avoiding common pitfalls reflect the authors' experiences at a busy teaching institution New cardiac ultrasound scanning techniques with 20 new ultrasound images New images of the latest x-ray equipment Updated pedagogical features, including outlines, key points, chapter objectives, and helpful hints for veterinary technicians

The Comatose Patient, Second Edition, is a critical historical overview of the concepts of consciousness and unconsciousness, covering all aspects of coma within 100 detailed case vignettes. This comprehensive text includes principles of neurologic examination of comatose patients as well as instruction of the FOUR Score coma scale, and also discusses landmark legal cases and ethical problems. As the Chair of Division of Critical Care Neurology at Mayo Clinic, Dr. Wijdicks uses his extensive knowledge to discuss a new practical multistep approach to the diagnosis of the comatose patient. Additionally, this edition includes extensive coverage of the interpretation of neuroimaging and its role in daily practice and decision making, as well as management in the emergency room and ICU. Dr. Wijdicks details long-term supportive care and an appropriate approach to communication with family members about end-of-life decision making.

Computer vision and machine intelligence paradigms are prominent in the domain of medical image applications, including computer assisted diagnosis, image guided radiation therapy, landmark detection, imaging genomics, and brain connectomics. Medical image analysis and understanding are daunting tasks owing to the massive influx of multi-modal medical image data generated during routine clinal practice. Advanced computer vision and machine intelligence approaches have been employed in recent years in the field of image processing and computer vision. However, due to the unstructured nature of medical imaging data and the volume of data produced during routine clinical processes, the applicability of these meta-heuristic algorithms remains to be investigated. Advanced Machine Vision Paradigms for Medical Image Analysis presents an overview of how medical imaging data can be analyzed to provide better diagnosis and treatment of disease. Computer vision techniques can explore texture, shape, contour and prior knowledge along with contextual information, from image sequence and 3D/4D information which helps with better human understanding. Many powerful tools have been developed through image segmentation, machine learning, pattern classification, tracking, and reconstruction to surface much needed quantitative information not easily available through the analysis of trained human specialists. The aim of the book is for medical imaging professionals to acquire and interpret the data, and for computer vision professionals to learn how to provide enhanced medical information by using computer vision techniques. The ultimate objective is to benefit patients without adding to already high healthcare costs.