Medical Image Databases covers the new technologies of biomedical imaging databases and their applications in clinical services, education, and research. Authors were selected because they are doing cutting-edge basic or technology work in relevant areas. This was done to infuse each chapter with ideas from people actively investigating and developing medical image databases rather than simply review the existing literature. The authors have analyzed the literature and have expanded on their own research. They have also addressed several common threads within their generic topics. These include system architecture, standards, information retrieval, data modeling, image visualizations, query languages, telematics, data mining, and decision supports. The new ideas and results reported in this volume suggest new and better ways to develop imaging databases and possibly lead us to the next information infrastructure in biomedicine. Medical Image Databases is suitable as a textbook for a graduate-level course on biomedical imaging or medical image databases, and as a reference for researchers and practitioners in industry.

This volume discusses a variety of preclinical MRI methods and protocols to help technicians and researchers conduct studies in their respective fields. This book is organized into 7 parts: Part 1 covers the basics of MRI physics, relaxation, image contrast, and main acquisition sequences; Part 2 describes methodologies for diffusion, perfusion, and functional imaging; Part 3 looks at in vivo spectroscopy; Part 4 explores special MRI techniques that are less known in the field; Parts 5 and 6 discuss MRIs and MRSs in animal models of disease and the applications used to study them, and Part 7 looks at anesthesia and advanced contrast agents. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Comprehensive and thorough, Preclinical MRI: Methods and Protocols is a valuable resource for researchers interested in expanding their knowledge in this developing field.

This book, featuring more than 180 high spatial resolution images obtained with state-of-the-art MDCT and MRI scanners, depicts in superb detail the anatomy of the temporal bone, recognized to be one of the most complex anatomic areas. In order to facilitate identification of individual anatomic structures, the images are presented in the same way in which they emanate from contemporary imaging modalities, namely as consecutive submillimeter sections in standardized slice orientations, with all anatomic landmarks labeled. While various previous publications have addressed the topic of temporal bone anatomy, none has presented complete isotropic submillimeter 3D volume datasets of MDCT or MRI examinations. The Temporal Bone MDCT and MRI Anatomy offers radiologists, head and neck surgeons, neurosurgeons, and anatomists a comprehensive guide to temporal bone sectional anatomy that resembles as closely as possible the way in which it is now routinely reviewed, i.e., on the screens of diagnostic workstations or picture archiving and communication systems (PACS).

This thesis offers an accessible guide to biomedical phase-contrast imaging with over 20 radiographic illustrations. It focuses on research to improve radiography, and particularly mammography applications, by using a novel X-ray imaging modality that exploits the wave-nature of X-rays, rather than just their absorption in tissue. Further, it explores a broad range of potential applications - from the assessment of breast cancer and the evaluation of microcalcification clusters, to the examination of renal stones. X-ray imaging is an indispensable tool in modern medical diagnostics, and ranges from simple radiography applications to advanced CT imaging protocols. This novel phase-contrast approach has the potential to deliver significantly improved diagnostic information, also and especially in cases where mammography is used for screening purposes. The thesis is based on several studies conducted by the author - working in close interdisciplinary cooperation with medical doctors at two university clinics in Munich - and successfully demonstrates this diagnostic potential in pre-clinical experiments.

This book presents the latest research findings and reviews in the field of medical imaging technology, covering ultrasound diagnostics approaches for detecting osteoarthritis, breast carcinoma and cardiovascular conditions, image guided biopsy and segmentation techniques for detecting lung cancer, image fusion, and simulating fluid flows for cardiovascular applications. It offers a useful guide for students, lecturers and professional researchers in the fields of biomedical engineering and image processing.

This textbook presents in a unified manner the fundamentals of both continuous and discrete versions of the Fourier and Laplace transforms. These transforms play an important role in the analysis of all kinds of physical phenomena. As a link between the various applications of these transforms the authors use the theory of signals and systems, as well as the theory of ordinary and partial differential equations. The book is divided into four major parts: periodic functions and Fourier series, non-periodic functions and the Fourier integral, switched-on signals and the Laplace transform, and finally the discrete versions of these transforms, in particular the Discrete Fourier Transform together with its fast implementation, and the z-transform. This textbook is designed for self-study. It includes many worked examples, together with more than 120 exercises, and will be of great value to undergraduates and graduate students in applied mathematics, electrical engineering, physics and computer science.

This volume contains the papers presented at the 14th International Conference on Information Processing in Medical Imaging. IPMI meetings have a a strong emphasis on the clinical relevance and validation of medical imaging. This book covers the whole spectrum: acquisition, tomographic reconstruction, registration, segmentation, knowledge-based analysis, display and image quality as well as several important applications. Several papers present significant advances in topics already discussed at previous meetings while others deal with new topics and methodology, opening new horizons in medical imaging. In addition to the 28 full-length papers, 30 short communications are included to sample the most current work in progress. Audience: An up-to-date and complete overview of ongoing research in medical imaging, beneficial to all physicists, computer scientists and physicians who wish to remain informed on state-of-the-art methodology in medical imaging.

The therapeutic era for MS has begun, and many new, potentially effective treatments are now available. MRI offers a range of techniques which are more reliable and sensitive than any other available approach in detecting brain and spinal cord abnormalities, monitoring their evolution, and providing in vivo information about heterogenous pathological substrates of the MS lesions. Readers will find this volume a valuable summary of the state-of- the art, as well as a useful reference text from which to plan future clinical trials in MS.

This book provides a review of imaging techniques and applications in stem cell transplantation and other cell-based therapies. The basis of different molecular imaging techniques is explained in detail, as is the current state of interventional radiology techniques. While the whole is a comprehensive discussion, each chapter is self-sufficient enough so that each can be reviewed independently. The contributors represent years of international and cross-disciplinary expertise and perspective and are all well known in their fields. comprehensive information on the role of clinical and molecular imaging in stem cell therapy from this book reviewed in detail. Essential reading for radiologists and physicians who are interested in developing a basic understanding of stem cell imaging and applications of stem cells and cell based therapies. However, it will also be of interest to clinical scientists and researchers alike, including those involved in stem cell labeling, tracking & imaging, cancer therapy, angiogenesis and cardiac regeneration.

This comprehensive book focuses on multimodality imaging technology, including overviews of the instruments and methods followed by practical case studies that highlight use in the detection and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Chapters cover PET-CT, SPECT-CT, SPECT-MRI, PET-MRI, PET-optical imaging, SPECT-optical imaging, photoacoustic Imaging, and hybrid intravascular imaging. It also addresses the important issues of multimodality imaging probes and image quantification. Readers from radiology and cardiology as well as medical imaging and biomedical engineering will learn essentials of the field. They will be shown how the field has advanced quantitative analysis of molecularly targeted imaging through improvements in the reliability and reproducibility of imaging data. Moreover, they will be presented with quantification algorithms and case illustrations, including coverage of such topics such as multimodality image fusion and kinetic modeling. Yi-Hwa Liu, PhD is Senior Research Scientist in Cardiovascular Medicine at Yale University School of Medicine and Technical Director of Nuclear Cardiology at Yale New Haven Hospital. He is also an Associate Professor (Adjunct) of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Sciences at National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, and Professor (Adjunct) of Biomedical Engineering at Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. He is an elected senior member of Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) and a full member of Sigma Xi of The Scientific Research Society of North America. Albert J. Sinusas, M.D., FACC, FAHA is Professor of Medicine (Section of Cardiovascular Medicine) and Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, at Yale University School of Medicine, and Director of the Yale Translational Research Imaging Center (Y-TRIC), and Director of Advanced Cardiovascular Imaging at Yale New Haven Hospital. He is a recipient of the Society of Nuclear Medicine's Hermann Blumgart Award.

Offers an Extensive Discussion on High Frequency Ultrasound Based on a course taught and developed by a foremost expert in diagnostic ultrasound technology, Diagnostic Ultrasound: Imaging and Blood Flow Measurements, Second Edition covers cutting-edge developments, along with the fundamental physics, instrumentation, system architecture, clinical applications, and biological effects of ultrasound. This text addresses the technical side of diagnostic ultrasound and begins with an overview of the field of ultrasonic imaging and its role in diagnostic medicine relative to other imaging modalities. The author describes the fundamental physics involved in ultrasonic transducers, as well as in conventional imaging approaches and Doppler measurements, including contrast imaging and 4D imaging. He reviews the current status and standards on ultrasound bioeffect and discusses methods that have been used to measure ultrasonic properties of tissues. He also provides a list of relevant references and further reading materials at the end of each chapter. New in the Second Edition: Details the latest advances in ultrasound technology related to biomedical applications, including elastrography, portable scanners, ultrasound molecular imaging, preclinical high frequency imaging, 2D array, and 4D imaging techniques Updates and expands each chapter Adds a new chapter on new developments such as elastography and miniature scanners Includes new case studies and examples throughout the book Diagnostic Ultrasound: Imaging and Blood Flow Measurements, Second Edition covers recent advances in ultrasound technology related to biomedical applications. Intended for senior- to graduate-level coursework in ultrasonic imaging, this text also serves practicing physicists, engineers, clinicians, and sonographers.

In the developed world, images of brain structure are available as an everyday diagnostic aid, and the characteristic appearances of most pathological conditions can be looked up in a textbook. Functional brain imaging is to this day less widely used, partly because most pressing diagnostic questions can be answered by refer ence to the patient's cerebral anatomy, partly for reasons of technical limitations of functional techniques. PET as a technique is sufficiently resource-demanding and complex to inhibit its use as an everyday diagnostic technique. SPECT lacked suitable tracers for many years, and early systems had poor spatial resolution. However, rotating gamma camera technology has advanced to the point where images of the brain of reasonable quality can be obtained at most large hospitals, and practical tracers, particularly of regional cerebral blood flow, are easily avail able. As research advances, clinical applications are emerging. A recent report of the Therapeutics and Technology Assessment Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology! details a number of currently recognised clinical appli cations, some of which are dealt with in this book. Given this recognition, it is increasingly important that clinicians (particularly neuroclinicians, psychiatrists and specialists in cerebrovascular disease), nuclear medicine specialists and physicists acquire an idea of the major applications of the technique, and the research background on which these applications are based.

This book is a comprehensive guide to imaging techniques for the diagnosis and management of genitourinary disorders. Divided into five key sections, the text covers diagnostic imaging of the urinary tract and the genital tract in both men and women. This fourth edition has been fully revised to provide clinicians with the latest advances and techniques in the field. New chapters on radiological anatomy and novel imaging techniques have been included. Latest guidelines and systematic-algorithms are covered to assist understanding and simplify diagnostic reporting. Radiological images, diagrams and figures further enhance the thorough text. Key points Comprehensive guide to diagnostic imaging techniques for genitourinary diseases and disorders Fully revised, fourth edition detailing latest advances in the field Includes new chapters on radiological anatomy and novel imaging techniques Previous edition (9788184486827) published in 2009

This book provides detailed practical guidelines on how to develop an efficient pathological brain detection system, reflecting the latest advances in the computer-aided diagnosis of structural magnetic resonance brain images. Matlab codes are provided for most of the functions described. In addition, the book equips readers to easily develop the pathological brain detection system further on their own and apply the technologies to other research fields, such as Alzheimer's detection, multiple sclerosis detection, etc.

This is the first revision guide to map directly to the new structure of the FRCR Final Part A examination (CR2A). Spanning a broad range of topics, the book follows the core clinical radiology curriculum, covering all modalities. It is divided into 7 test papers, consisting of 120 mixed SBA-type questions with detailed answers in sequential order. Every answer is followed by a short explanation and relevant discussion around the topic with appropriate references. Each paper should take three hours to complete. Delivering over 20 hours of focused exam practice, this guide is a sound investment for trainee radiologists preparing for their Final Part A exam.

This volume offers a valuable starting point for anyone interested in learning computational diffusion MRI and mathematical methods for brain connectivity, while also sharing new perspectives and insights on the latest research challenges for those currently working in the field. Over the last decade, interest in diffusion MRI has virtually exploded. The technique provides unique insights into the microstructure of living tissue and enables in-vivo connectivity mapping of the brain. Computational techniques are key to the continued success and development of diffusion MRI and to its widespread transfer into the clinic, while new processing methods are essential to addressing issues at each stage of the diffusion MRI pipeline: acquisition, reconstruction, modeling and model fitting, image processing, fiber tracking, connectivity mapping, visualization, group studies and inference. These papers from the 2016 MICCAI Workshop "Computational Diffusion MRI" - which was intended to provide a snapshot of the latest developments within the highly active and growing field of diffusion MR - cover a wide range of topics, from fundamental theoretical work on mathematical modeling, to the development and evaluation of robust algorithms and applications in neuroscientific studies and clinical practice. The contributions include rigorous mathematical derivations, a wealth of rich, full-color visualizations, and biologically or clinically relevant results. As such, they will be of interest to researchers and practitioners in the fields of computer science, MR physics, and applied mathematics.

Medical imaging has been transformed over the past 30 years by the advent of computerized tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and various advances in x-ray and ultrasonic techniques. An enabling force behind this progress has been the (so far) exponentially increasing power of computers, which has made it practical to explore fundamentally new approaches. In particular, what our group terms "model-based" modalities-which produce tissue property images from data using nonlinear, iterative numerical modeling techniques-have become increasingly feasible.

Alternative Breast Imaging: Four Model-Based Approaches explores our research on four such modalities, particularly with regard to imaging of the breast: (1) MR elastography (MRE), (2) electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), (3) microwave imaging spectroscopy (MIS), and (4) near infrared spectroscopic imaging (NIS). Chapter 1 introduces the present state of breast imaging and discusses how our alternative modalities can contribute to the field. Chapter 2 looks at the computational common ground shared by all four modalities. Chapters 2 through 10 are devoted to the four modalities, with each modality being discussed first in a theory chapter and then in an implementation-and-results chapter. The eleventh and final chapter discusses statistical methods for image analysis in the context of these four alternative imaging modalities.

Imaging for the detection of breast cancer is a particularly interesting and relevant application of the four imaging modalities discussed in this book. Breast cancer is an extremely common health problem for women; the National Cancer Institute estimates that one in eight US women will develop breast cancer at least once in her lifetime. Yet the efficacy of the standard (and notoriously uncomfortable) early-detection test, the x-ray mammogram, has been disputed of late, especially for younger women. Conditions are thus ripe for the development of affordable techniques that replace or complement mammography. The breast is both anatomically accessible and small enough that the computing power required to model it, is affordable.

Respiratory motion causes an important uncertainty in radiotherapy planning of the thorax and upper abdomen. The main objective of radiation therapy is to eradicate or shrink tumor cells without damaging the surrounding tissue by delivering a high radiation dose to the tumor region and a dose as low as possible to healthy organ tissues. Meeting this demand remains a challenge especially in case of lung tumors due to breathing-induced tumor and organ motion where motion amplitudes can measure up to several centimeters. Therefore, modeling of respiratory motion has become increasingly important in radiation therapy. With 4D imaging techniques spatiotemporal image sequences can be acquired to investigate dynamic processes in the patient's body. Furthermore, image registration enables the estimation of the breathing-induced motion and the description of the temporal change in position and shape of the structures of interest by establishing the correspondence between images acquired at different phases of the breathing cycle. In radiation therapy these motion estimations are used to define accurate treatment margins, e.g. to calculate dose distributions and to develop prediction models for gated or robotic radiotherapy. In this book, the increasing role of image registration and motion estimation algorithms for the interpretation of complex 4D medical image sequences is illustrated. Different 4D CT image acquisition techniques and conceptually different motion estimation algorithms are presented. The clinical relevance is demonstrated by means of example applications which are related to the radiation therapy of thoracic and abdominal tumors. The state of the art and perspectives are shown by an insight into the current field of research. The book is addressed to biomedical engineers, medical physicists, researchers and physicians working in the fields of medical image analysis, radiology and radiation therapy.

Market: Engineers and researchers in neural networks, image processing, audio/speech, and medical imaging. This book begins by focusing on the theoretical aspect of pattern recognition and introduces an integrated pattern recognition paradigm, which combines preprocessing, low dimensional signal characterization, feature optimization, and mapping classifier architecture to good features in a seamless fashion. Later, the authors reinforce the concepts of pattern recognition and prediction with challenging real- world examples, encompassing financial market prediction, image coding, active and passive sonar processing, chaos modeling, and intelligent product design.

Electron magnetic resonance spectroscopy is undergoing something akin to a renaissance that is attributable to advances in microwave circuitry and signal processing software. EPR: Instrumental Methods is a textbook that brings the reader up to date on these advances and their role in providing better experimental techniques for biological magnetic resonance. Chapters in this book guide the reader from basic principles of spectrometer design through the advanced methods that are providing new vistas in disciplines such as oximetry, imaging, and structural biology.
Key Features:
Spectrometer design, particularly at low frequencies (below X-band),
Design of spectrometer components unique to ENDOR and ESEEM,
Optimization of EMR spectrometer sensitivity spanning many octaves,
Algorithmic approach to spectral parameterization,
Application of Fourier Methods to polymer conformation, oximetry, and imaging.

The Radiology of AIDS is aimed at candidates for postgraduate examinations in all specialities and especially those doctors with some training in HIV disease who need to assess their knowledge of the subject. This book is particularly applicable to candidates for postgraduate examinations in radiology.

This thesis describes the design and fabrication of ultrasound probes for pedicle screw guidance. The author details the fabrication of a 2MHz radial array for a pedicle screw insertion eliminating the need for manual rotation of the transducer. He includes radial images obtained from successive groupings of array elements in various fluids. He also examines the manner in which it can affect ultrasound propagation.

Notable experts in the field of neuroimaging provide comprehensive overviews of advances in functional and structural aspects of both common and uncommon brain disorders. Functional imaging is evolving quickly but researchers and clinicians do not always have a strong understanding of the fundamental basis of the imaging techniques that they use. By focusing on both structure and function this book will provide a strong foundation for emerging developments in the field.