This book provides a cohesive overview of the current technological advances in computational radiology, and their applications in orthopaedic interventions. Contributed by the leading researchers in the field, this volume covers not only basic computational radiology techniques such as statistical shape modeling, CT/MRI segmentation, augmented reality and micro-CT image processing, but also the applications of these techniques to various orthopaedic interventional tasks. Details about following important state-of-the-art development are featured: 3D preoperative planning and patient-specific instrumentation for surgical treatment of long-bone deformities, computer assisted diagnosis and planning of periacetabular osteotomy and femoroacetabular impingement, 2D-3D reconstruction-based planning of total hip arthroplasty, image fusion for computer-assisted bone tumor surgery, intra-operative three-dimensional imaging in fracture treatment, augmented reality based orthopaedic interventions and education, medical robotics for musculoskeletal surgery, inertial sensor-based cost-effective surgical navigation, and computer assisted hip resurfacing using patient-specific instrument guides. Edited and authored by leading researchers in the field, this work is an essential reference for biomedical engineers, computer scientists and orthopaedic surgeons to develop or use computational radiology approaches for orthopaedic surgery and interventions.

This issue presents a concise clinical overview on the most current knowledge on advanced imaging modalities. Dr. Ananadasabapathy has secured internationally recognized authors to write articles on endomicoscopy, molecular imagaing, optical coherence tomography, and chromoendoscopy. Articles are also devoted to imaging the biliary tree and red flag technologies in gastric neoplasia.

Guest edited by Theodore Dubinsky and Neeraj Lalwani, this issue of Radiologic Clinics will examine the latest developments and best practices for female pelvic imaging. Topics include MR Imaging of Urethra and Peri-urethral Disorders, Placenta Evaluation on MR, Imaging of Female Infertility, Obstetric Complications, Imaging of Acute Abdomen in Pregnancy, Gestational Trophoblastic Disease, Updates in 3D Pelvic Sonography, Role of Interventional Procedures in Ob/Gyn, Ovarian Cystic Lesions, Gynecological Malignancies, PET Imaging for Malignancies, and MR Imaging of Pelvic Floor Dysfunction.

This book is designed to introduce the reader to the field of NMR/MRI at very low magnetic fields, from milli-Tesla to micro-Tesla, the ultra-low field (ULF) regime. The book is focused on applications to imaging the human brain, and hardware methods primarily based upon pre-polarization methods and SQUID-based detection. The goal of the text is to provide insight and tools for the reader to better understand what applications are best served by ULF NMR/MRI approaches. A discussion of the hardware challenges, such as shielding, operation of SQUID sensors in a dynamic field environment, and pulsed magnetic field generation are presented. One goal of the text is to provide the reader a framework of understanding the approaches to estimation and mitigation of low signal-to-noise and long imaging time, which are the main challenges. Special attention is paid to the combination of MEG and ULF MRI, and the benefits and challenges presented by trying to accomplish both with the same hardware. The book discusses the origin of unique relaxation contrast at ULF, and special considerations for image artifacts and how to correct them (i.e. concomitant gradients, ghost artifacts). A general discussion of MRI, with special consideration to the challenges of imaging at ULF and unique opportunities in pulse sequences, is presented. The book also presents an overview of some of the primary applications of ULF NMR/MRI being pursued.

This issue discusses imaging techniques for common and important lower extremity injuries and conditions. Femoral acetabular impingement, soft tissue pathology around the hip, meniscal injuries and imaging the postoperative meniscus, the neglected corners of the knee (posterolateral / posteromedial corner injuries), the extensor mechanism from top to bottom, cysts and bursa around the knee, ligamentous injuries of the ankle and foot, medial longitudinal arch of the foot, ankle impingement syndromes, imaging of the forefoot, overuse injuries of the lower extremity, imaging of total hip and knee arthroplasties are all reviewed. Additionally, the application of advanced imaging techniques in evaluation of the lower extremity is discussed.

Dating Neurological Injury: A Forensic Guide for Radiologists, Other Expert Medical Witnesses, and Attorneys presents a unique way to approach the dating of neurological injury as imaged by modern computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance (MR) and ultrasound (US). Chapters are presented in a logical progression beginning with the general appearance of normal brain and progressing to the way abnormalities manifest themselves. The emphasis in these discussions is on the appearance of edema and of hemorrhage, as these two findings are the brain's most common response to injury. This volume presents in a systematic fashion the principles involved in the interpretation of images of the central nervous system specifically in a medical-legal setting where concern exists about the occurrence and timing of an injury. Dating Neurological Injury: A Forensic Guide for Radiologists, Other Expert Medical Witnesses, and Attorneys is a welcome addition to institutional, medical, and legal libraries, and to the personal libraries of malpractice defense and plaintiff lawyers and physicians in the neurosciences (neurosurgery, neurology, neuropathology, and neuroradiology) involved in medical-legal issues.

Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS) is an analytical method used in chemistry that enables the identification and quantification of metabolites in samples. It differs from conventional Magnetic Resonance Imaging in that spectra provide physiological and chemical information instead of anatomy. This issue examines MRS methods for a wide variety of body imaging needs.

Edited by leaders of the field, Rathan Subramaniam from Johns Hopkins and Jorge Barrio from UCLA, this issue of PET Clinics focuses on the evolving role of novel imaging techniques in negenerative and movement disorders common in the aged population.

This issue of Ultrasound Clinics addresses pediatric applications. Topics include: Chest; Spine; Adrenal; Pancreas and Spleen; Bladder; Gynecology; Portal Hypertension; Unusual Abdominal; Hepatic, Renal and Multivisceral Transplantation; Abdominal Emergencies.

Imaging plays a key role in the diagnosis and treatment of athletic injuries. This issue focuses on athletic injuries of the upper extremity, and best-practices approach to imaging these areas. Shoulder injuries are given their own review, as are football injuries to the upper extremity, throwing injuries to the upper extremity, and injuries associated with club and racquet sports. Use of MR Imaging in particular is discussed for the labrum and elbow, and MR Arthrography of the upper extremity is reviewed. Wrist and hand injuries are discussed in detail in separate articles, and imaging of the pediatric athlete is addressed as well.

This issue discusses the clinical application of PET Imaging in assessing brain tumors, Including what a neuro-oncologist's expectations should be. One article discusses how PET can help in developing reliable response evaluation criteria in brain tumors; another reviews modern tracers for brain tumors. The evolving role of PET-MRI in brain tumors is examined. Parametric mapping of multiple PET tracers with MRI response evaluation is reviewed. Another article discusses the role of early and delayed PET imaging and novel quantitative techniques in hybrid imaging for brain tumors. The perspective of pediatric imaging is also given.

Guest edited by Bonnie Joe, this issue of MRI Clinics covers breast screening protocols, imaging the newly diagnosed cancer patient, imaging to monitor response to therapy, breast MR spectroscopy, and more.

The area of molecular imaging has matured over the past decade and is still growing rapidly. Many concepts developed for molecular biology and cellular imaging have been successfully translated to in vivo imaging of intact organisms. Molecular imaging enables the study of processes at a molecular level in their full biological context. Due to the high specificity of the molecular readouts the approach bears a high potential for diagnostics. It is fair to say that molecular imaging has become an indispensable tool for biomedical research and drug discovery and development today.This volume familiarizes the reader with the concepts of imaging and molecular imaging in particular. Basic principles of imaging technologies, reporter moieties for the various imaging modalities, and the design of targeted probes are described in the first part. The second part illustrates how these tools can be used to visualize relevant molecular events in the living organism. Topics covered include the studies of the biodistribution of reporter probes and drugs, visualization of the expression of biomolecules such as receptors and enzymes, and how imaging can be used for analyzing consequences of the interaction of a ligand or a drug with its molecular target by visualizing signal transduction, or assessing the metabolic, physiological, or structural response of the organism studied. The final chapter deals with visualization of cell migration, for example in the context of cell therapies.The second edition covers novel developments over recent years, in particular regarding imaging technologies (hybrid techniques) and novel reporter concepts. Novel biomedical applications have been included, where appropriate. All the chapters have been thoroughly reworked and the artwork updated.

The field of interventional bronchoscopy is rapidly expanding and has emerged as a new and exciting subspecialty in pulmonary medicine. To date, the impact of interventional bronchoscopy procedures has been felt in diagnosis, staging, and management of lung cancer, the most lethal cancer worldwide. Interventional Bronchoscopy: A Clinical Guide provides a state-of-the art description of interventional bronchoscopy procedures, addressing the scientific basis, indications, techniques, results, complications, and cost issues. Chapters address the current status, the advantages of new techniques and, most importantly, when to choose new techniques over the existing techniques. Each chapter will discuss the future of these procedures. Interventional Bronchoscopy: A Clinical Guide is an essential resource for a successful interventional pulmonology service and will be useful for the bronchoscopist, anesthesiologist, radiologist, thoracic surgeon and oncologist as well as practicing pulmonologists who do not perform these procedures but have to make decisions regarding appropriate referral of their patients to advanced airway centers.

This detailed volume presents a number of chapters that will aid researchers in jumping the hurdle preventing the popularization of advanced intravital imaging technology usage, namely the complicated experimental protocols. Leading researchers undertaking imaging studies in the field of bone and immune systems have contributed the chapters that aim to guide readers through these complex methodologies. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Intravital Imaging of Dynamic Bone and Immune Systems: Methods and Protocols will serve as an idea guide for general readers in order to establish and perform these experiments by their own.

Imaging in Parkinson's Disease provides up-to-date information concerning new applications of brain imaging to the study of Parkinson's disease. Written by experts in the field, the book focuses on structural and functional imaging methodologies that have recently been applied to study the natural history of Parkinson's disease, with emphasis on the development of the major motor manifestations of the illness as well as cognitive impairment and dementia. Individual chapters address the role of imaging in differential diagnosis and in the evaluation of pharmacologic and surgical treatment effects. In-depth discussion of the use of imaging tools to study disease mechanisms is also provided, with emphasis on the roles of neuroinflammation, protein aggregation, and abnormal network organization in parkinsonism. Additionally, the text covers a number of relevant novel topics including recent advances in volumetric and functional MRI, echosonography, dopaminergic and cholinergic neurotransmitter imaging, and applications to experimental interventions such as gene therapy and transplantation. Covering a wide range of subjects and beautifully illustrated, Imaging in Parkinson's Disease is a valuable reference for neurologists, neurosurgeons and neuropsychologists, and a helpful resource for students engaged in postgraduate biomedical and clinical training.

Fall-induced hip fracture is an epidemic health risk among elderly people. This book presents an image-based multilevel modeling approach to understanding the biomechanics involved in fall-induced hip fracture. By hierarchically integrating a body-level dynamics model, a femur-level finite element model, and a local bone failure model, the biomechanics approach is able to simulate all stages in sideways falls and to incorporate all biomechanical variables affecting hip fracture. This book is useful for clinicians to accurately evaluate fracture risk, for biomechanical engineers to virtually test hip protective devices, and for biomedical students to learn image-based biomechanical modeling techniques. This book also covers: Biomechanical viewing on bone composition, bone remodeling, and bone strength Bone imaging and information captured for constructing biomechanical models Bone mechanical testing and mechanical properties required for biomechanical modeling

This issue of Ultrasound Clinics addresses interventional procedures in Ultrasound. Topics include: Breast-Ultrasound Surveillance and Intervention; Ultrasound-Guided Abscess Drainage: Technical and Clinical Aspects; The Use of Ultrasound in TIPS: Pre-Procedural Role in Evaluating the Need for Intervention; Dialysis Fistula Surveillance; Ultrasound-Guided Solid Organ Biopsy; Ultrasound-Guided Biopsies of Superficial Structures (Thyroids and Lymph Nodes); Ultrasound-Guided Biliary Intervention; Tumor Ablation: US vs CT; Ultrasound-Guided Vascular Access and Intervention; The Use of Ultrasound in Musculoskeletal Interventions; Ultrasound and GPS Technology; High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound; Varicose Vein Ablation; Diagnosis and Intervention in the Venous Portal System; and Ultrasound Evaluation of Hepatic Artery Stenosis.

Detect and identify breast lesions at the earliest possible stage with Making the Diagnosis: A Practical Guide to Breast Imaging. Dr. Jennifer Harvey and Dr. David E. March utilize a practical, case-based approach to help you select and make optimal use of today's imaging options. Learn the right questions to ask when viewing a mammogram, MRI, or ultrasound. Zero in on the key information you need to know with highly templated, concise chapters followed by case studies that reinforce and expand your knowledge. Distinguish normal variants and lookalike lesions from cancer thanks to expert, highly visual guidance on all relevant imaging modalities. Interpret the findings you're likely to see in practice with the aid of high-quality images, enhanced with arrows and labels to help you recognize and identify suspicious lesions. Access the entire text and images online at www.expertconsult.com.

This issue provides a completely updated review of bowel imaging across the modalities. Topics include CT enterography, CT evaluation of small bowel obstruction, CT evaluation of GI bleeding and mesentecric ischemia, CT colonography: Pitfalls in interpretation, MR enterography, MR colonography, Transabdominal ultrasound for bowel evaluation, MR for rectal cancer staging, Enteroclysis: fluoroscopic and CT techniques and Endoscopic techniques for small bowel imaging.? Readers will be thoroughly up to date on bowel imaging techniques and pitfalls after reading this issue.

The hip is a challenging joint to image. The neighboring anatomy, including bones, tnedons, ligaments and intra-articular anatomy has to be taken into consideration. Careful attention must be paid to MR imaging protocols, and complete knowledge of the normal anatomy and an understanding of diseases affecting the hip joint must be in place. This issue focuses on the state of the art in MR imaging of the hip.

"Translational Neuroimaging: Tools for CNS Drug Discovery, Development and Treatment" combines the experience of academic, clinical and industrial neuroimagers in a unique collaborative approach to provide an integrated perspective of the use of small animal and human brain imaging in developing and validating translational models and biomarkers for the study and treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders. "Translational Neuroimaging: Tools for CNS Drug Discovery, Development and Treatment" examines the translational role of neuroimaging in model development from preclinical animal models, to human experimental medicine, and finally to clinical studies. The focus of this book is to identify and provide common endpoints between species that can serve to inform both the clinic and the bench with the information needed to accelerate clinically-effective CNS drug discovery. This book covers methodical issues in human and animal neuroimaging translational research as well as detailed applied examples of the use of neuroimaging in neuropsychiatric disorders and the development of drugs for their treatment. Offering an accompanying website with illustrations and text available for further knowledge and presentations, "Translational Neuroimaging: Tools for CNS Drug Discovery, Development and Treatment" appeals to non-clinical and clinical neuroscientists working in and studying neuropsychiatric disorders and their treatment as well as providing the novice researcher or researcher outside of his/her expertise the opportunity to understand the background of translational research and the use of imaging in this field.
Provides a background to translational research and the use of brain imaging in neuropsychiatric disordersCritical discussion of the potential and limitations of neuroimaging as a translational tool for identifying and validating biomarkersIdentifies cross species neurosystems and common endpoints necessary to help accelerate CNS drug discovery and development for the treatment of neuropsychiatric disordersFeatures an accompanying website with additional images and text

The discovery and genetic engineering of fluorescent proteins has revolutionized cell biology. What was previously invisible in the cell often can be made visible with the use of fluorescent proteins. In Vivo Cellular Imaging Using Fluorescent Proteins: Methods and Protocols presents state-of-the-art research that has contributed to the fluorescent protein revolution to visualize biological processes in the live animal. This volume covers an array of topics from the employment of the chick CAM model using fluorescent proteins and other fluorescent probes, to intravital fluorescent imaging, as well as 3-dimensional imaging, and design instructions on how to create new and improved far-red and infrared fluorescent proteins, to name a few. Written in the successful Methods in Molecular Biology (TM) series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols, and notes on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and easily accessible, In Vivo Cellular Imaging Using Fluorescent Proteins: Methods and Protocols is the first volume in the new field of in vivo cell biology and it serves both professionals and novices with its well-honed methodologies.

This completely new and updated issue covers the most important topics in male pelvic imaging. Among the articles in this issue are discussions of Imaging of prostate cancer, the scrotum, male pelvic trauma, pelvic nodal imaging, penile imaging, MRI of the bladder, Imaging and male infertility, and trus prostate.