Here, renowned researchers in bioanalysis present in-depth reviews of recent trends in the field. Coverage includes topics such as aptamers, bioelectroanalysis, nanoparticles, quantitative NMR, mass spectrometry, immunosensors and -assays, or chiral electromigration techniques. Originally published in the journal Bioanalytical Reviews, these outstanding contributions are now available in a hardcover print format. This volume benefits in particular those research groups and libraries that have chosen to have only electronic access to the journal. It also provides valuable content for all researchers in bioanalytical science.

Ion-selective electrodes (ISEs) have a wide range of applications in clinical, environmental, food and pharmaceutical analysis as well as further uses in chemistry and life sciences. Based on his profound experience as a researcher in ISEs and a course instructor, the author summarizes current knowledge for advanced teaching and training purposes with a particular focus on ionophore-based ISEs. Coverage includes the basics of measuring with ISEs, essential membrane potential theory and a comprehensive overview of the various classes of ion-selective electrodes. The principles of constructing ISEs are outlined, and the transfer of methods into routine analysis is considered. Advanced students, researchers, and practitioners will benefit from this expedient introduction.

The second edition of this volume reflects the recent advances in the FCM analysis of hematopoietic disorders. The chapters have been revised to incorporate new text and figures. The volume is aimed at hematopathologists, hematologists, pathologists, and laboratory technicians.

This volume provides a compact, concise and up-to-date resource for pathologists and clinicians who are involved in women's health. The book summarizes the incidence, epidemiology and risk factors for cervical adenocarcinoma, while reviewing the normal histology of the cervix and glandular lesions of the cervix. The cytological appearance of glandular lesions of the cervix and their mimics is amply illustrated and discussed. Management of glandular lesions is also outlined. Written by authorities in the field, Glandular Lesions of the Uterine Cervix: Cytopathology with Histologic Correlates is of great value to cytopathologists, surgical pathologists, gynecologic oncologists and surgeons.

"Development of novel vaccines" gives an overview of the tasks in basic research leading to the final product - the vaccine and its applications, belonging to the most complex biologics in the pharmaceutical field. Distinct from most textbooks in the vaccine arena, the current issue focuses on the translational aspect, namely, how research results can be transformed into life-saving medical interventions. Each chapter of the book deals with one important paradigm for the development of novel vaccines, along the value chain towards the final vaccine, and furthermore, with the inevitable tools required for this process. Contributions are prepared by teams of scientists, all of whom are experts in the field, most of them anchored in biomedical organizations devoted to translational culture, thereby lighting the certain topics from different views. This volume is a must read for researchers engaged in vaccine development and who really want to see their research results to become a product.

New interest in light microscopy of the last few years has not been backed up by adequate general literature. This book intends to fill the gap between specialized texts on detailed topics and general introductory booklets, mostly dealing with the use of the conventional light microscope only. In this short textbook both new developments in microscopy and basic facts of image formation will be treated, including often neglected topics such as axial resolving power, lens construction, photomicrography and correct use of phase-en interference contrast systems. Theoretical background will be dealt with as far as necessary for a well-considered application of these techniques enabling a deliberate choice for the approach of a certain problem. Over 150 illustrations (photomicrographs and diagrams) complete the information on microscopy of the nineties in the biomedical field, intended for scientists, doctors, technicians and research students. Many drawings have been contributed by the illustrator R. Kreuger; the photographic work has been executed by J. Peeterse. Secretarial assistance in preparing the manuscript was given by Ms T. M. S. Pierik. Dr M. J. Pearson has corrected the English of the final text.

The goal of clinical laboratories is to produce accurate information for clinical decision making in medicine. More than half of the medical decisions made depend on clinical laboratory tests. Patient safety represents an important and critical problem for laboratories. They need to assure that the information they deliver to physicians is accurate, and therefore safe for clinicians to use. Endogenous compounds can interfere with laboratory tests, decreasing accuracy and threatening patient safety. Elevated bilirubin (bilirubinemia) and elevated lipids (lipemia) are common conditions that cause significant interferences with laboratory results. Clinicians depend on laboratories to detect these endogenous interferences. Laboratories must have a means to detect these endogenous interferences, make decisions about reporting results, and evaluate their impact. Most clinical pathology books provide only an abbreviated introduction to the subject, or provide a long list of references, without the necessary foundation for evaluating their significance. Package inserts typically provide scant information. This book provides the empirical and theoretical foundation for these interferences, describes the clinical settings where they occur, and explains their evaluation and detection, allowing the laboratory to interpret the available data on interferences and make the appropriate decision to effectively report test results while protecting patient safety.

Cytopreparation: Principles & Practice by Gary W. Gill fills a long-standing need for an easy-to-use and authoritative manual on the fundamentals of cytopreparation up-to-and- including microscopy, screening, and data analysis. The text describes in phenomenological terms the most common materials and methods of specimen collection through mounting for gyn, non-gyn, and FNA specimens, as well as the underlying mechanistic bases. The author provides his expertise and information that will empower and enable readers to review and improve their laboratories' cytopreparatory techniques as they apply to the vast majority of specimens. This unique volume provides facts that are not readily available anywhere. Cytopreparation: Principles & Practice is intended for everyone associated with, and involved in, making cytologic preparations that are useful for their intended purpose. It will serve as a valuable reference tool for educators in cytology and histology, cytotechnology and histotechnology students, cytotechnologists, cytopreparatory technicians, cytopathologists, anatomical/clinical pathologists, pathology residents and cytopathology fellows.

Scientists are coming under increasing pressure from activist groups to stop animal experimentation, branded as cruel and unnecessary for improving human health. This attitude, however, stems from an unrealistic evaluation of the situation and distorted information about present scientific knowledge. There is no question that most medical progress - perhaps all, in fac- has been attained through knowledge derived initially from experiments in various animal species. There is practically no way of replacing animals in these investigations and so-called 'alternative methods' are in reality merely complementary. Tissue cultures, cell, microorganisms, enzymes, membranes, mathematical models - all are useful for preliminary screening tests and for testing hypotheses, but the complexity of a living organism is such that in vivo studies are essential before any test can responsibly be made in man. This book presents the proceedings of an international symposium organized in Strasbourg (October 24-25, 1988), with the aim of assessing present-day requirements as regards animal experimentation in research related to major medical and toxicological problems still awaiting solutions.

Since the cloning of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance re- lator (CFTR) nearly a decade ago, cystic fibrosis (CF) research has witnessed a dramatic expansion into new scientific areas. Basic researchers, clinicians, and patients increasingly rely on fundamental techniques of genetics, molecular biology, electrophysiology, biochemistry, cell biology, microbiology, and immunology to understand the molecular basis of this complex disease. Research into the pathophysiology of CF has established numerous paradigms of ion channel dysfunction that extend from inflammation and infection in the airways of patients to basic mechanisms of protein processing and regulation in intracellular components. With these rapid advances has come an increasing need for research scientists to understand and utilize a growing array of basic laboratory tools. This volume of Methods in Molecular Medicine, Cystic Fibrosis Methods and Protocols satisfies that need by providing detailed protocols for the laboratory techniques used throughout CF research. From electrophysiology and cell biology, to animal models and gene therapy, the comprehensive set of methods covered here provide step-by-step instructions needed for investigators to incorporate new approaches into their research programs. Contributions have been chosen to reflect the rich diversity of techniques and to provide a cohesive framework for understanding challenges that are currently at the forefront of CF research. It is hoped that this volume will serve as a valuable reference that will not only foster interdisciplinary investigations into current problems encountered in CF, but also facilitate the translation of new scientific discoveries into clinical solutions.

Herbal supplements are available without prescription in many countries throughout the world and accounting for over $30 billion U.S dollar in sale. A majority of U.S population (25-40%) use herbal supplements while alternative medicines are major forms of therapy in third world countries used by as much as 80% population. Contrary to the popular belief that herbal remedies are safe and effective, many herbal supplements have known toxicity and unexpected laboratory test results may be the early indications of such toxicity. In addition, some herbal products such as St. John's wort can interact with many Western drugs causing increased clearance of such drugs and hence treatment failure. This monograph would provide information on how herbal supplements affect laboratory test results thus patient's safety. This monograph would provide a comprehensive and concise practical guide for laboratory professionals, physicians and other health care professionals. The emphasis of this monograph is to provide clinically relevant information rather than discussing in detail mechanisms of such effect, although brief explanations would be provided for such unexpected test results.

Preface by T. Morrison, Director-General of the European Diagnostic Manufacturers Association. Contributors: W. Kewenig; G. Forlani, J. Marriage, G. Ulloa This book is based upon a report prepared at the request of the European Commission. Its purpose is to set out the existing laws regulating the development, production, distribution and use of in vitro diagnostic medical devices (IVDMD) in the U.K., Germany, France, Italy and Spain. Each national section has the same structure and covers the same ground in order to enable comparisons. IVDM Devices includes not only reagents, but also technical instruments, or combination of both, for human use. The book is directed towards industry and the regulation is covered with a high degree of specificity. This reference book, completely written in English, is the only comprehensive exposition of the laws of the five countries regarding IVDM Devices available. It is also the most convenient means of comparing those laws. As such, it will be a useful guide to all IVDM Devices manufacturers interested in the European market.

Over the last two decades, surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensors have attracted a great deal of attention. This volume of Springer Series on Chemical Sensors and Biosensors provides a comprehensive treatment of the field of SPR sensors. The book is divided into three parts. Part I introduces readers to the fundamental principles of surface plasmon resonance (bio)sensors and covers the electromagnetic theory of surface plasmons, the theory of SPR sensors and molecular interactions at sensor surfaces. Part II presents a review of the state of the art in the development of SPR sensor instrumentation and functionalization methods. Part III discusses applications of SPR biosensors for study of molecules and their interactions and detection of chemical and biological analytes related to environmental monitoring, food safety and security and medical diagnostics.

Ranging from the evolution of pathogenicity to oceanic carbon cycling, the many and varied roles that bacteriophages play in microbial ecology and evolution have inspired increased interest within the scientific community. Bacteriophages: Methods and Protocols pulls together the vast body of knowledge and expertise from top international bacteriophage researchers to provide both classical and state-of-the-art molecular techniques. With its well-organized modular design, Volume 1: Isolation, Characterization, and Interactions examines a multitude of topics, including the isolation of phages, morphological and molecular characterization, and interaction with bacteria. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology (TM) series format, chapters consist of brief introductions to the subject, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and a Notes section which details tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Thorough and cutting-edge, Bacteriophages: Methods and Protocols is a valuable reference for experienced bacteriophage researchers as well as an easily accessible introduction for newcomers to the subject.

Allergy: Methods and Protocols aims to assist the researcher in gaining insight into the molecular mechanisms involved in allergy by featuring an array of protocols. The protocols cover a range of disciplines including allergy, immunology, cell biology, and histology, and include methods to investigate the cellular response to allergens, cytokine profile, MHC restriction, and T regulatory cells.

1 R. Levy, M.W. Jornitz: Types of Filtration.- 2 T. Meltzer: Modus of Filtration.- 3 O.W. Reif: Microfiltration Membranes: Characteristics and Manufacturing.- 4 M. W. Jornitz: Filter Construction and Design.- 5 R. Madsen: Filter Validation.- 6 M. W.Jornitz: Integrity Testing.-

Case Studies in Pediatric Critical Care presents a spectrum of real and interesting case studies relating to critically ill children. Each case study includes details of the presenting history and symptomatology, results of investigations and the subsequent critical care management of the patient. Cases have been chosen to illustrate the increasingly diverse range of problems that may be encountered by pediatric critical care physicians throughout the world. Alongside each case is a comprehensive discussion of the various treatment strategies available, and a short list of invaluable learning points summarize the key take-home messages of each case. Concise, practical and relevant, and written by expert pediatric intensivists, Case Studies in Pediatric Critical Care is an invaluable resource for anyone involved in the care of critically ill children.

From first principles to real-world applications--here is the first comprehensive guide to drug discovery and development

Modern drug discovery and development require the collaborative efforts of specialists in a broadarray of scientific, technical, and business disciplines--from biochemistry to molecular biology, organic chemistry to medicinal chemistry, pharmacology to marketing. Yet surprisingly, until now, there were no authoritative references offering a complete, fully integrated picture of the process.

The only comprehensive guide of its kind, this groundbreaking two-volume resource provides an overview of the entire sequence of operations involved in drug discovery and develop-?ment--from initial conceptualization to commercialization to clinicians and medical practitioners. "Volume 1: Drug Discovery" describes all the steps in the discovery process, including conceptualizing a drug, creating a library of candidates for testing, screening candidates for in vitro and in vivo activity, conducting and analyzing the results of clinical trials, and modifying a drug as necessary. "Volume 2: Drug Development" delves into the nitty-gritty details of optimizing the synthetic route, drug manufacturing, outsourcing, and marketing--including drug coloring and delivery methods.

Featuring contributions from a world-class team of experts, "Drug Discovery and Development":

Features fascinating case studies, including the discovery and development of erythromycin analogs, Tagamet, and Ultiva (remifentanil)

Discusses the discovery of medications for bacterial infections, Parkinson's disease, psoriasis, peptic ulcers, atopic dermatitis, asthma, and cancer

Includes chapterson combinatorial chemistry, molecular biology-based drug discovery, genomics, and chemogenomics

Drug Discovery and Development is an indispensable working resource for industrial chemists, biologists, biochemists, and executives who work in the pharmaceutical industry.

For most of the history of scientific endeavour, science has been recorded on paper. In this digital era, however, there is increasing pressure to abandon paper in favour of digital tools. Despite the benefits, there are barriers to the adoption of such tools, not least their usability. As the relentless development of technology changes the way we work, we need to ensure that the design of technology not only overcomes these barriers, but facilitates us as scientists and supports better practice within science. This book examines the importance of record-keeping in science, current record-keeping practices, and the role of technology for enabling the effective capture, reuse, sharing, and preservation of scientific data. Covering the essential areas of electronic laboratory notebooks (ELNs) and digital tools for recording scientific data, including an overview of the current data management technology available and the benefits and pitfalls of using these technologies, this book is a useful tool for those interested in implementing digital data solutions within their research groups or departments. This book also provides insight into important factors to consider in the design of digital tools such as ELNs for those interested in producing their own tools. Finally, it looks at the role of current technology and then considers how that technology might develop in the future to better support scientists in their work, and in capturing and sharing the scientific record.

Biomedical scientists are the foundation of modern healthcare, from cancer screening to diagnosing HIV, from blood transfusion for surgery to food poisoning and infection control. Without biomedical scientists the diagnosis of disease, the evaluation of the effectiveness of treatment, and research into the causes and cures of disease would not be possible. The Fundamentals of Biomedical Science series has been written to reflect the challenges of practicing biomedical science today. It draws together essential basic science with insights into laboratory practice to show how an understanding of the biology of disease is coupled to the analytical approaches that lead to diagnosis. Assuming only a minimum of prior knowledge, the series reviews the full range of disciplines to which a Biomedical Scientist may be exposed-from microbiology to cytopathology to transfusion science. Cytopathology provides a wide-ranging overview of the microscopic study of normal and abnormal cells, showing how current visualization methods are used to study cell structure, and how early detection of abnormal cell pathology can lead to timely clinical interventions.

DNA fingerprinting is a revolutionary technique that enables scientists to match minute tissue samples and facilitates scientific studies on the composition, reproduction, and evolution of animal and plant populations. As a tool for positive identification of criminals, it plays a particularly important role in forensic science. The first book to be published in the field, , DNA Fingerprinting is a practical guide to basic principles and laboratory methods as applied to a variety of fields including forensic analysis, paternity testing, medical diagnostics, animal and plant sciences, and wildlife poaching.

The X-ray equipment maintenance and repairs workbook is intended to help and guide staff working with, and responsible for, radiographic equipment and installations in remote institutions where the necessary technical support is not available, to perform routine maintenance and minor repairs of equipment to avoid break downs. The book can be used for self study and as a checklist for routine maintenance procedures.

This book is the2nd improved and expanded edition of "Clinical Enzymology" (Lott/Wolf, 1987). It includes case studies and guidelines for specialists of laboratory medicine and clinicians, devotes each chapter to a specific enzyme or protein marker, contains case studies and guidelines, a section on marker biochemistry and physiology as well as a section on special pathology and analysis. The clear, didactic structure and the multiple choice questions also make the book valuable reading for graduate students in the fields of clinical pathology and laboratory medicine.