Through various factors from the globalization of skills to wars and refugee movements, societies and communities throughout the world are changing to become increasingly diverse in their racial, ethnic and religious make up. The result is that many governments and societies face a considerable struggle over how to manage community tensions within and between their borders. Through thought-provoking chapters from contributors working in a range of disciplines, Public Policies in Contested Societies explores how everyday processes such as how we organize our working and political lives; develop our policing, health and education systems; protect the environment or respond to cultural differences can all help or hinder such work. Drawing upon examples from over 50 countries, the book shows how many institutions are now adapting their policies and practices to help create more equal, inclusive and peaceful societies. The book is an inspiration and a practical resource for anyone who is interested in helping to shape how future societies can positively welcome the diversity that will be the hallmark of all societies in the decades ahead.

Read the Introduction. Read the Table of Contents

"This collection of essays could not be timelier...scholars pondering the implications of recent immigration for ethnic and racial politics would do well to look at this collection of essays."--"American Political Science Review"

America is currently in the midst of a major racial and ethnic demographic shift. By the twenty-first century, the population of Hispanics and Asians will increase significantly, while the black population is expected to remain relatively stable. Non-Hispanic Whites will decrease to just over half of the nation's population. How will the changing ethnic and racial composition of American society affect the long struggle for black political power and inclusion? To what extent will these racial and ethnic shifts affect the already tenuous nature of racial politics in American society?

Using the literature on black politics as an analytical springboard, Black and Multiracial Politics in America brings together a broad demography of scholars from various racial and ethnic groups to assess how urban political institutions, political coalitions, group identity, media portrayal of minorities, racial consciousness, support for affirmative action policy, political behavior, partisanship, and other crucial issues are impacted by America's multiracial landscape.

Contributors include Dianne Pinderhughes, M. Margaret Conway, Pei-te Lein, Susan Howell, Mack Jones, Brigitte L. Nacos, Natasha Hritzuk, Marion Orr, Michael Jones-Correa, A.B. Assensoh, Joseph McCormick, Sekou Franklin, Jose Cruz, Erroll Henderson, Mamie Locke, Reuel Rogers, James Endersby, Charles Menifield and Lawrence J. Hanks.

Race and racism are a foundational part of the global and American experience. With this idea in mind, our social studies classes should reflect this reality. Social studies educators often have difficulties teaching about race within the context of their classrooms due to a variety of institutional and personal factors. Doing Race in Social Studies: Critical Perspectives provides teachers at all levels with research in social studies and critical race theory (CRT) and specific content ideas for how to teach about race within their social studies classes. The chapters in this book serve to fill the gap between the theoretical and the practical, as well as help teachers come to a better understanding of how teaching social studies from a CRT perspective can be enacted. The chapters included in this volume are written by prominent scholars in the field of social studies and CRT. They represent an original melding of CRT concepts with considerations of enacted social studies pedagogy. This volume addresses a void in the social studies conversation about race-how to think and teach about race within the social science disciplines that comprise the social studies. Given the original nature of this work, Doing Race in Social Studies: Critical Perspectives is a much-needed addition to the conversation about race and social studies education.

Reimagines how race, ethnicity, imperialism, and colonialism can be central to social science research and methods There is a growing consensus that the discipline of sociology and the social sciences broadly need to engage more thoroughly with the legacy and the present day of colonialism, Indigenous/settler colonialism, imperialism, and racial capitalism in the United States and globally. In Disciplinary Futures, a cross-section of scholars comes together to engage sociology and the social sciences by way of these paradigms, particularly from the influence of disciplines of American, Ethnic, and Indigenous Studies. With original essays from scholars such as Yen Le Espiritu, Sunaina Maira, Hokulani K. Aikau, Salvador Vidal-Ortiz, Ben Carrington, Yvonne Sherwood, and Gilda L. Ochoa, among others, Disciplinary Futures offers concrete pathways for how the social sciences can expand from the limiting frameworks they traditionally use to study race and racism, namely: the black-white binary, the privileging of the nation-state, the fixation on the US mainland, the underappreciation of post- and settler-colonial studies, the liberal assumptions, and the limited conception of what constitutes data. In turn, the contributors reveal that sociology has many useful questions, methodologies, and approaches to offer scholars of American, Ethnic, and Indigenous Studies. Disciplinary Futuresis an important work, one which renders these disciplines more intellectually expansive and thus better able to tackle urgent issues of injustice.

Since OUP's publication in 2000 of Michael Emerson and Christian Smith's groundbreaking study, Divided by Faith (DBF), research on racialized religion has burgeoned in a variety of disciplines in response to and in conversation with DBF. This conversation has moved outside of sociological circles; historians, theologians, and philosophers have also engaged the central tenets of DBF for the purpose of contextualizing, substantiating, and in some cases, contesting the book's findings. In a poll published in January 2012, nearly 70% of evangelical churches professed a desire to be racially and culturally diverse. Currently, only around 8% of them have achieved this multiracial status. To an unprecedented degree, evangelical churches in the United States are trying to overcome the deep racial divides that persist in their congregations. Not surprisingly, many of these evangelicals have turned to DBF for solutions. The essays in Christians and the Color Line complicate the research findings of Emerson and Smith's study and explore new areas of research that have opened in the years since DBF's publication. The book is split into two sections. The chapters in the first section consider the history of American evangelicalism and race as portrayed in DBF. In the second section the authors pick up where DBF left off, and discuss how American churches could ameliorate the problem of race in their congregations while also identifying problems that can arise from such attempted amelioration.

What are the societal effects of Europeanization? How successful is the EU's project to create an overarching European identity representative of all its citizens, transcending national boundaries, and including those previously excluded as national minorities? This study addresses these questions by adapting the Social Identity Theory's (SIT) concept of "social identity" to the discussions of "European identity," offering a novel approach that remedies previous definitional and ontological problems of the term. The conceptualization of a "European social identity" is generated here to invite a reconsideration of conventional understandings of how minorities' group identities are formed. Presenting itself as a challenge to nations and nationality, the European integration process has yet to achieve its supra-national ideal, falling instead into the trap of nationalizing those who are subsumed under the category of minorities in practice-arguably because of a faulty theoretical understanding of the term. The new "Others" of Europeanization have been chosen specifically to emphasize, despite the EU's "united in diversity" rhetoric, the marked lack of united destiny and common heritage of selected European nationals. Among these new Others, Russophones in the Baltic states, the Roma people, populations of the Western Balkans, immigrants and guest workers, and Muslims residing in European countries have all been excluded from Europe's new social identity. Through in-depth historical analysis, this book aims to correct this problem, providing both European studies and broader political science literatures with a new understanding of minorities that is more dynamic both in practice and theory.

The studies in this volume deal with problems of authoritarianism and anti-Semitism. Lowenthal's book length contribution, "Prophets of Deceit," which begins this collection, is a classic of political psychology. This research study is followed by an essay, "Terror's Atomization of Man." Lowenthal uses this material for a theory of the psychological mechanisms operative under terrorist conditions and their significance for contemporary society.

Few career opportunities were available to minority women in Appalachia in the first half of the 20th century. Nursing offered them a respected, relatively well paid profession and - as few physicians or hospitals would treat people of color - their work was important in challenging healthcare inequities in the region. Working in both modern surgical suites and tumble-down cabins, these women created unprecedented networks of care, managed nursing schools and built professional nursing organizations while navigating discrimination in the workplace. Focusing on the careers and contributions of dozens of African American and Eastern Band Cherokee registered nurses, this first comprehensive study of minority nurses in Appalachia documents the quality of healthcare for minorities in the region during the Jim Crow era. Racial segregation in health care and education, and state and federal policies affecting health care for Native Americans are examined in depth.

A story of a community's struggle with its ethnic transformation. The book's portraits of individuals provide an engagement with the complexities of ethnic tensions. It examines the difficulties in fashioning a national identity which can accommodate people's differences.

This timely, in-depth examination of the educational experiences and needs of mixed-race children ("the fifth minority") focuses on the four contexts that primarily influence learning and development: the family, school, community, and society-at-large. The book provides foundational historical, social, political, and psychological information about mixed-race children and looks closely at their experiences in schools, their identity formation, and how schools can be made more supportive of their development and learning needs. Moving away from an essentialist discussion of mixed-race children, a wide variety of research is included. Life and schooling experiences of mixed-raced individuals are profiled throughout the text. Rather than pigeonholing children into a neat box of descriptions or providing readymade prescriptions for educators, Mixed-Race Youth and Schooling offers information and encourages teachers to critically reflect on how it is relevant to and helpful in their teaching/learning contexts.

This is the fifth volume in a series which studies research in urban sociology, this work is an analysis of race and ethnicity in urban areas.

Transcultural Realities is an important collection of essays written by an outstanding cast of critical scholars who discuss the importance of transculture in interdisciplinary contexts. The primary goal of the contributors is to help the reader to understand that a state of "community" or "harmony" cannot be achieved in the world until we are all ready to accept different cultural forms, norms, and orientations.

Race and racism are a foundational part of the global and American experience. With this idea in mind, our social studies classes should reflect this reality. Social studies educators often have difficulties teaching about race within the context of their classrooms due to a variety of institutional and personal factors. Doing Race in Social Studies: Critical Perspectives provides teachers at all levels with research in social studies and critical race theory (CRT) and specific content ideas for how to teach about race within their social studies classes. The chapters in this book serve to fill the gap between the theoretical and the practical, as well as help teachers come to a better understanding of how teaching social studies from a CRT perspective can be enacted. The chapters included in this volume are written by prominent scholars in the field of social studies and CRT. They represent an original melding of CRT concepts with considerations of enacted social studies pedagogy. This volume addresses a void in the social studies conversation about race-how to think and teach about race within the social science disciplines that comprise the social studies. Given the original nature of this work, Doing Race in Social Studies: Critical Perspectives is a much-needed addition to the conversation about race and social studies education.

This book is an attempt to penetrate the silence that surrounds the lives of nurses as migrant women. It offers a perceptive understanding of the trials faced specifically by women from the state of Kerala, in their personal and professional spheres, in the challenges posed to single women migrants as such, and the lower status ascribed to the job. In highlighting aspects of their lived experiences, it reveals how the identities of gender, class and ethnicity unmask the realities behind claims of egalitarianism and equal citizenship. Nurses from Kerala form one of the largest groups of migrant women workers in the international service sector along with Filipinos and Sri Lankans. Comparatively better salaries, work opportunities and financial independence, along with a desire to travel across the world, are often the reasons behind these migrations. For many of these women, the professional choice of nursing is usually the first step towards migration, while finding employment in Delhi, the urban capital of India, is intended as a transition point before they migrate abroad, a trajectory which may remain unrealised. In focusing on nurses who choose to work in Delhi, the author recounts how the patriarchy of the original place is recreated and relived in destination cities. In as much as traditional stigmatisation of nursing (as a 'dirty' profession), deeply entrenched gender prejudices, and status and role anxieties act as deterrents, these women remain undaunted in the face of adversities and treat their exposure to, and experience of, technology and nursing care in the bigger hospitals in Delhi as part of the training that is required to apply abroad. Through extensive empirical research, case studies and personal interviews, Moving with the Times illustrates nurses' lives in Delhi, providing an account of the dynamics - between traditional patriarchy, norms and associated identities, low professional status and marginality coupled at once with the sense of personal freedom, a new career and space - that migration compels these women to negotiate. This book will appeal to scholars of sociology, gender and women's studies, nursing and healthcare, and those interested in migration and identities.

How can democracies deal with plurality? This book looks at the political accommodation of national plurality in liberal democracies and in the European Union at the turn of the century. Its panel of international authorities examines this issue from a variety of perspectives, considering questions of citizenship, multiculturalism, immigration and equality. The contributors, many of whom have set the terms of this debate in international political science, include Will Kymlicka, Carlos Closa, Michael Keating, Enric Fossas, Wayne Norman and Ricard Zapata Barrero.

This book, first published in 1978, examines the debate over immigration into Britain and raises the important point that the existence in the country of immigrant and minority groups is nothing new. Britain has, in fact, attracted newcomers throughout most of its history and it is to remedy the deficiency of research and knowledge about these early immigration processes that the present volume has been put together. Composed of a number of essays written from different perspectives by specialists in different areas, it attempts overall to provide a tightly integrated review of the major research areas, themes and problems involved in immigration studies.

Using a human rights approach, the book analyses the dynamics in the application of minority policies for the preservation of cultural and linguistic diversity in Russia. Despite Russia's legacy of ethno-cultural and linguistic pluralism, the book argues that the Putin leadership's overwhelming statism and promotion of Russian patriotism are inexorably leading to a reduction of Russia's diversity. Using scores of interviews with representatives of national minorities, civil society, public officials and academics, the book highlights the reasons why Russian law and policies, as well as international standards on minority rights, are ill-equipped to withstand the centralising drive toward ever greater uniformity. While minority policies are fragmented and feeble in contemporary Russia, they are also centrally conceived, which is exacerbated by a growing democratic deficit under Putin. Crucially, in today's Russia informal practices and networks are frequently utilised rather than formal channels in the sphere of diversity management. Informal practices, the book argues, can at times favour minorities, yet they more frequently disadvantage them and create the conditions for the co-optation of leaders of minority groups. A dilution of diversity, the book suggests, is not only resulting in the loss of Russia's rich cultural heritage but is also impairing the peaceful coexistence of the individuals and groups that make up Russian society.

Singapore's success story is essentially a 'people' story. Singaporeans have good reason to celebrate the nation's golden jubilee with pride. In the short space of five decades the country has moved from Third World to First, and its real GDP has grown by 40 times! For this phenomenal progress, credit must go to its people, the Republic's primary resource.Against all odds and amidst dire predictions, Singaporeans proved that a united and resourceful community could build a nation from scratch. This book is dedicated to one segment of these Singaporeans - the Chinese community. In particular, this collection of essays focuses on the Chinese speaking members of the community whose many contributions are less familiar to those brought up on a strict diet of the English language.This celebratory book is divided into four broad categories. The first section examines the major Chinese organisations and their contributions in the past five decades. These include the Singapore Chinese Chamber of Commerce & Industry, the Singapore Federation of Chinese Clan Associations, the Chinese Development Assistance Council and the Chinese Heritage Centre. In addition, it looks at the history and work of some of the social clubs and charitable organisations in the Chinese community.The second section examines some community issues that have engaged the Chinese community in Singapore's first 50 years. Two senior journalists and two academics review the evolution of the Chinese language, the integration of new immigrants from China and the influence of Chinese religions. The five essays in the third section trace the development of Chinese visual and performing art in the Republic. The last section looks at the interactions between Singapore's Chinese community and China on the one hand, and with the regional Chinese communities on the other.The contributors of this salute to the Chinese community are/ have been directly involved or are passionate about the subjects of their essays.Chinese Organisations:Singapore Chinese Chamber of Commerce & Industry: Inextricably Linked to Singapore's Economic Miracle (Fiona HU Ai Lan)Singapore Federation of Chinese Clan Associations: Revitalising Clan Associations (PANG Cheng Lian)The Chinese Development Assistance Council: An Enriching Journey with a Self-Help Group (Gerald SINGHAM)The Chinese Heritage Centre: Putting Singapore on the Diaspora Map (LEE Tang Ling)Chinese Philanthropy: Past and Present (CHEW Kheng Chuan)Chinese Social Clubs (AU Yue Pak)Community Issues:The Evolution of the Chinese Language (LEONG Weng Kam)New Immigrants from China: Boosting Bilateral Relations (ZHOU Zhaocheng)Chinese Religious Traditions in Singapore: Buddhism, Taoism and Christianity (HUE Guan Thye and Kenneth DEAN)Chinese Visual & Performing Arts:Towards a Nanyang Culture (CHOO Thiam Siew)The Transformation of Chinese Visual Arts in Nanyang (Bridget Tracy TAN)Chinese Calligraphy is Alive and Well in Singapore (WONG Joon Tai)The Singapore Chinese Music Soundscape (Terence HO)In Step with Nanyang Dance (Edmond WONG)Interactions with Other Chinese Communities:Singapore-China People-to-People Exchanges: A Singapore Perspective (LYE Liang Fook and John WONG)Singapore as a Centre of Southeast Asian Chinese: Some Reflections (Leo SURYADINATA)

Singapore's success story is essentially a 'people' story. Singaporeans have good reason to celebrate the nation's golden jubilee with pride. In the short space of five decades the country has moved from Third World to First, and its real GDP has grown by 40 times! For this phenomenal progress, credit must go to its people, the Republic's primary resource.Against all odds and amidst dire predictions, Singaporeans proved that a united and resourceful community could build a nation from scratch. This book is dedicated to one segment of these Singaporeans - the Chinese community. In particular, this collection of essays focuses on the Chinese speaking members of the community whose many contributions are less familiar to those brought up on a strict diet of the English language.This celebratory book is divided into four broad categories. The first section examines the major Chinese organisations and their contributions in the past five decades. These include the Singapore Chinese Chamber of Commerce & Industry, the Singapore Federation of Chinese Clan Associations, the Chinese Development Assistance Council and the Chinese Heritage Centre. In addition, it looks at the history and work of some of the social clubs and charitable organisations in the Chinese community.The second section examines some community issues that have engaged the Chinese community in Singapore's first 50 years. Two senior journalists and two academics review the evolution of the Chinese language, the integration of new immigrants from China and the influence of Chinese religions. The five essays in the third section trace the development of Chinese visual and performing art in the Republic. The last section looks at the interactions between Singapore's Chinese community and China on the one hand, and with the regional Chinese communities on the other.The contributors of this salute to the Chinese community are/ have been directly involved or are passionate about the subjects of their essays.Chinese Organisations:Singapore Chinese Chamber of Commerce & Industry: Inextricably Linked to Singapore's Economic Miracle (Fiona HU Ai Lan)Singapore Federation of Chinese Clan Associations: Revitalising Clan Associations (PANG Cheng Lian)The Chinese Development Assistance Council: An Enriching Journey with a Self-Help Group (Gerald SINGHAM)The Chinese Heritage Centre: Putting Singapore on the Diaspora Map (LEE Tang Ling)Chinese Philanthropy: Past and Present (CHEW Kheng Chuan)Chinese Social Clubs (AU Yue Pak)Community Issues:The Evolution of the Chinese Language (LEONG Weng Kam)New Immigrants from China: Boosting Bilateral Relations (ZHOU Zhaocheng)Chinese Religious Traditions in Singapore: Buddhism, Taoism and Christianity (HUE Guan Thye and Kenneth DEAN)Chinese Visual & Performing Arts:Towards a Nanyang Culture (CHOO Thiam Siew)The Transformation of Chinese Visual Arts in Nanyang (Bridget Tracy TAN)Chinese Calligraphy is Alive and Well in Singapore (WONG Joon Tai)The Singapore Chinese Music Soundscape (Terence HO)In Step with Nanyang Dance (Edmond WONG)Interactions with Other Chinese Communities:Singapore-China People-to-People Exchanges: A Singapore Perspective (LYE Liang Fook and John WONG)Singapore as a Centre of Southeast Asian Chinese: Some Reflections (Leo SURYADINATA)

This book explores the conditions that encourage non-violent civic engagement in emerging civil societies. Gurbuz examines the radical transformations over the past decade in the politics of Turkey's Kurdish minority. On the eve of the new millennium, the Turkish state was still openly denying the existence of Kurds, calling them "mountain Turks," and Kurdish populated cities were ruled under martial law. Kurdish politics in Turkey was dominated by a revolutionary movement, the PKK, which engaged in violent clashes with the state. Less than a decade later, the PKK's rebellion had all but ended, and Kurdish political and civic movements of numerous stripes had emerged. The Turkish state even introduced an official Kurdish-language TV channel. How did this rapid change occur? Gurbuz proposes that contending social movements has transformed the politics of the region, ushering in an era of post-conflict political and cultural competition.

"A voice of reason, wisdom and compassion, Eric Yamamoto brings rich practical experience and analytic insight to the crucial subject of healing and reconciliation between groups divided by histories of oppression and mistreatment. This book is vital reading for anyone interested in creating a just world.
"--Martha Minow, Harvard Law School, Author of Between Vengeance and Forgiveness: Facing History after Genocide"

"A stunningly original and moving work that dramatically expands the national dialogue on race. . . . Yamamoto presents a multidisciplinary, praxis-oriented approach to confronting conflict among communities of color. He provides us with the concepts, the methods, and the language to understand and grapple with the messy nature of reconciliation between racialized groups. His vision of interracial justice is compelling, inspiring, and essential to averting the fire next time."
"--Michael Omi, University of California, Berkeley"

"Remarkable. A must read for all activists."
"--Yuri Kochiyama"

"Yamamoto's analysis offers an important insight: A group can simultaneously be oppressed by others more powerful than it and also oppress others less powerful. . . . A pragmatic model for how interracial justice may someday be real."
"--The Hawaii Herald
"

"Inspiring and energizing, disturbing and challenging, informative and inquisitive, "Interracial Justice" is a thoroughly researched, even ground-breaking, tour de force."
"aBerta Esperanza HernAndez-Truyol, St. John's University"

The United States in the twenty-first century will be a nation of so-called minorities. Shifts in the composition of the American populace necessitate a radical change inthe ways we as a nation think about race relations, identity, and racial justice.

Once dominated by black-white relations, discussions of race are increasingly informed by an awareness of strife among nonwhite racial groups. While white influence remains important in nonwhite racial conflict, the time has come for acknowledgment of ways communities of color sometimes clash, and their struggles to heal the resulting wounds and forge strong alliances.

Melding race history, legal theory, theology, social psychology, and anecdotes, Eric K. Yamamoto offers a fresh look at race and responsibility. He tells tales of explosive conflicts and halting conciliatory efforts between African Americans and Korean and Vietnamese immigrant shop owners in Los Angeles and New Orleans. He also paints a fascinating picture of South Africa's controversial Truth and Reconciliation Commission as well as a pathbreaking Asian American apology to Native Hawaiians for complicity in their oppression. An incisive and original work by a highly respected scholar, Interracial Justice greatly advances our understanding of conflict and healing through justice in multiracial America.

The unprecedented economic success of South Korea since the 1990s has led in turn to a large increase in the number of immigrants and foreign workers in Korean industries. This book describes and explains the experiences of discrimination and racism that foreigners and 'new' Koreans have faced in a multicultural South Korea. It looks at how society has treated the foreigners and what their experiences have been given that common discourse about race in Korea surrounds issues of Korean heterogeneity and pure blood nationalism. Starting with critiques of Korean scholarship and policy framework on multiculturalism, this book argues for the need to revisit the most fundamental aspect of multiculturalism: the host population's ability to respect new comers rather than discriminate against them. The author employs a critical realist understanding of racism and attempts to identify long-lasting institutional factors which make Korean society less than welcoming 'new' or temporary Koreans. A large number of new reportages are identified and systematically analysed based on the principles of grounded theory method. The findings show that nouveau-riche nationalism and pure-blood nationalism are widely practised when Koreans deal with 'foreigners'. As a newly industrialised and highly successful nation, Korean society is still in transition and treats foreigners according to economic standard of their countries of origin. As one of the very first books in English about foreigners' experiences of Korean nationalism, multiculturalism and discrimination, it will be of great interest to students and scholars of Sociology, Ethnic studies, Asian studies, Korean studies, Media studies and Cultural studies.

Race and ethnicity continue to be important, if unwelcome, factors in modern politics. This is evident in East Africa: the ethnic factor is often dominant in multi-party elections, while in Rwanda and Burundi bloodshed and genocidal attacks have been linked to ethnic difference. This book examines the phenomena of race and ethnicity in general, but with particular reference to Africa, especially the East. The impact of non-indigenous groups is considered, together with ethnic differences between Africans. The relevance of tourism and religion is also examined.

Can White parents teach their Black children African American culture and history? Can they impart to them the survival skills necessary to survive in the racially stratified United States? Concerns over racial identity have been at the center of controversies over transracial adoption since the 1970s, as questions continually arise about whether White parents are capable of instilling a positive sense of African American identity in their Black children.

" An] empathetic study of meanings of cross-racial adoption to adoptees"
"--Law and Politics Book Review, Vol. 11, No. 11, Nov. 2001"

Through in-depth interviews with adult transracial adoptees, as well as with social workers in adoption agencies, Sandra Patton, herself an adoptee, explores the social construction of race, identity, gender, and family and the ways in which these interact with public policy about adoption. Patton offers a compelling overview of the issues at stake in transracial adoption. She discusses recent changes in adoption and social welfare policy which prohibit consideration of race in the placement of children, as well as public policy definitions of "bad mothers" which can foster coerced aspects of adoption, to show how the lives of transracial adoptees have been shaped by the policies of the U.S. child welfare system.

Neither an argument for nor against the practice of transracial adoption, BirthMarks seeks to counter the dominant public view of this practice as a panacea to the so-called "epidemic" of illegitimacy and the misfortune of infertility among the middle class with a more nuanced view that gives voice to those directly involved, shedding light on the ways in which Black and multiracial adoptees articulate their own identity experiences.

The purposes of this book are rooted in the move from invisibility to visibility and silence to voice. This work uses auto ethnography as an enterprise to break down traditional barriers that support the invisibility of diverse epistemologies (Altheide & Johnson,2011). The reality of invisibility and silence has plagued scholars of colour in their attempt to make known the cultural significance found in the planning and execution of research. As a result, this book purposes to support the visibility and voice of scholars of colour who conduct auto ethnographic research from a racial, gendered, and critical theoretical framework. This work further supports the research community as it examines and re-examines culturally indigenous epistemologies as a viable vehicle for rigorous and authentic inquiry (Dillard, 2000). The significance of this book can be grafted from its attention to new ways of thinking about doing research. While much of the previous scholarship on auto ethnography highlights the importance of personal narrative and voice, this book includes the latter but also examines the concept of race and culture as undisputable factors in the doing of research. Burdell & Swadener (1999) contends that auto ethnography should interrogate the subjective nature and question master narratives and empirical assumptions. Spry (2011) emphasizes auto ethnography as a moral discourse that foster intimate experiences grounded in historical processes. Authoethnographic research then, has the potential to provide a lens by which researchers can delve into research with a greater sense of personal experiences and critical understanding of the inquiry context.