In today's globalised world, it is increasingly important to understand the otherness of different societies and their beliefs, histories and practices. This book focuses on a burning cultural issue: how concepts and constructions of gender and sexuality impact upon health, medicine and healthcare. Starting from the premise that health is neither a universal nor a unitary concept, it offers a series of interdisciplinary analyses of what sickness and well-being have been, are and can be. The originality of this book is its cross-cultural and trans-historical approach. Bringing together specially commissioned work by both major critical voices and young scholars in fields ranging from anthropology and art history to philosophy, political science and sociology, this volume challenges many traditional assumptions about gender, medicine and health-care. Issues addressed include: the politics and realities of female genital mutilation; sex-work and migration; the portrayal of mothering in contemporary African writing; the representation of AIDS in literature, photography and the media; the place of gender in ancient Egyptian health papyri; the dramatisation of morality and sexual over-indulgence in Thai literature; the relationship between myths of menstruation and power in early modern England; the role of anger in traditional Chinese medicine; and the ways in which both disease and sexual identities were redefined by cholera in the nineteenth century. The wide-ranging Introduction provides a historical and theoretical framework for what is defined here as Cultural Medicine, whilst fifteen original essays demonstrate from different perspectives that health is not merely a physiological and medical issue, but also a cultural and ethical one. An invaluable research and study resource, this book is written in a clear and accessible style and will be of interest to the general reader as well as to students of all levels, to teachers of a wide range of disciplines, and to specialist researchers of cultural studies and of medicine.

Thirty-five years after its initial publication, Harold Cruse's "The Crisis of the Negro Intellectual," remains a foundational work in Afro-American Studies and American Cultural Studies. Published during a highly contentious moment in Afro-American political life, "The Crisis of the Negro Intellectual" was one of the very few texts that treated Afro-American intellectuals as intellectually significant. The essays contained in Harold Cruse's "The Crisis of the Negro Intellectual Reconsidered" are collectively a testimony to the continuing significance of this polemical call to arms for black intellectuals. Each scholar featured in this book has chosen to discuss specific arguments made by Cruse. While some have utilized Cruse's arguments to launch broader discussions of various issues pertaining to Afro-American intellectuals, and others have contributed discussions on intellectual issues completely ignored by Cruse, all hope to pay homage to a thinker worthy of continual reconsideration.

The Routledge Handbook of Minorities in the Middle East gathers a diverse team of international scholars, each of whom provides unique expertise into the status and prospects of minority populations in the region. The dramatic events of the past decade, from the Arab Spring protests to the rise of the Islamic state, have brought the status of these populations onto centre stage. The overturn of various long-term autocratic governments in states such as Tunisia, Egypt, Libya, and Yemen, and the ongoing threat to government stability in Syria, Iraq, and Lebanon have all contributed to a new assertion of majoritarian politics amid demands for democratization and regime change. In the midst of the dramatic changes and latent armed conflict, minority populations have been targeted, marginalized, and victimized. Calls for social and political change have led many to contemplate the ways in which citizenship and governance may be changed to accommodate minorities - or indeed if such change is possible. At a time when the survival of minority populations and the utility of the label minority has been challenged, this handbook answers the following set of research questions.What are the unique challenges of minority populations in the Middle East? How do minority populations integrate into their host societies, both as a function of their own internal choices, and as a response to majoritarian consensus on their status? Finally, given their inherent challenges, and the vast, sweeping changes that have taken place in the region over the past decade, what is the future of these minority populations? What impact have minority populations had on their societies, and to what extent will they remain prominent actors in their respective settings? This handbook presents leading-edge research on a wide variety of religious, ethnic, and other minority populations. By reclaiming the notion of minorities in Middle Eastern settings, we seek to highlight the agency of minority communities in defining their past, present, and future.

Through historical and contemporary examples, this book critically explores the relevance and expressions of multicultural representation in western European operatic genres in the modern world. It reveals their approaches to reflecting identity, transmitting meaning, and inspiring creation, as well as the ambiguities and contradictions that occur across the time and place(s) of their performance. This collection brings academic researchers in opera studies into conversation with previously unheard voices of performers, critics, and creators to speak to issues of race, ethnicity, and culture in the genre. Together, they deliver a powerful critique of the perpetuation of the values and practices of dominant cultures in operatic representations of intercultural encounters. Essays accordingly cross methodological boundaries in order to focus on a central issue in the emerging field of coloniality: the hierarchies of social and political power that include the legacy of racialized practices. In theorizing coloniality through intercultural exchange in opera, authors explore a range of topics and case studies that involve immigrant, indigenous, exoticist, and other cultural representations and consider a broad repertoire that includes lesser-known Canadian operas, Chinese- and African-American performances, as well as works by Haydn, Strauss, Puccini, and Wagner, and in performances spanning three continents and over two centuries. In these ways, the collection contributes to the development of a more integrated understanding of the interdisciplinary fields inherent in opera, including musicology, sociology, anthropology, and others connected to Theatre, Gender, and Cultural Studies.

The book offers one of the first detailed studies of South Asian women, it provides new empirical data on the issues apparent in South Asian women's lives by 'giving voice' to a group of women who would otherwise remain silent. It is based upon an ethnographic study of a small South Asian community in an inner city. The book offers a new and compelling account of South Asian women, as well as focussing on the ways in which gender and 'race' interact in women's lives. The book offers an important theoretical contribution to the area of feminist theory. The concept of patriarchy is contested and reworked and applied to the study of South Asian women and their cultural experiences. In this sense, practices such as arranged marriages, dowries, domestic labour and domestic finance are analyzed as different influences of patriarchy inside the household, as well as education and the labour market as influences of patriarchy outside the household.

Museum Development and Cultural Representation critically examines the development of a museum and cultural heritage centre in the indigenous Kelabit Highlands in Sarawak, Malaysia. Building on their direct involvement in the development of the project, the authors appraise the process in retrospect through a thematic analysis. Themes covered include the project's local and international contexts, community involvement and agency, the balance of tourism and authenticity, and the role of non-local partners. Through their analysis, the authors unpack the complexities of cultural representation and identity in heritage design practice, and investigates the relationship between capacity building and agency in cultural heritage management. Situating the project within international trends in museology, Museum Development and Cultural Representation offers a valuable case example of a heritage-making process in an indigenous community. It will be of interest to scholars and students studying cultural representation, as well as communities and museum professionals looking to develop similar projects.

Mexican-Americans now constitute two thirds of what has become the largest and fastest-growing minority group in the United States, Hispanics. They have distinct cultural patterns and values that those who seek to serve them competently as clinicians and educators, and those who attempt to study them, need to understand. This is the first comprehensive overview of the psychology of the Chicana/o experience since 1984. Solidly grounded in the latest theory and research, much of which is relevant to other Latina/o groups as well, The Handbook of Chicana/o Psychology and Mental Health is an indispensable source of up-to-date information and guidance for mental health and education professionals, their trainees and students; and for social and behavioral scientists interested in the impact of cultural differences in multicultural settings.

Mexican-Americans now constitute two thirds of what has become the largest and fastest-growing minority group in the United States, Hispanics. They have distinct cultural patterns and values that those who seek to serve them competently as clinicians and educators, and those who attempt to study them, need to understand. This is the first comprehensive overview of the psychology of the Chicana/o experience since 1984.
Solidly grounded in the latest theory and research, much of which is relevant to other Latina/o groups as well, "The Handbook of Chicana/o Psychology and Mental Health "is an indispensable source of up-to-date information and guidance for mental health and education professionals, their trainees and students; and for social and behavioral scientists interested in the impact of cultural differences in multicultural settings.

The globalization of the world economy today means that more and more people are experiencing working in another culture. Focusing on the real experiences of workers in Japanese transnational finance companies, this book not only throws light on this specific case, but at the same time raises timely questions and insights concerning the newly emerging multicultural work experiences world-wide. "The Clash of Economic Cultures: Japanese Bankers in the City of London" reflects on contemporary discussions in sociology, anthropology and cultural studies of individual global movement and cultural interaction. While there are some studies on Japanese multinational companies in Europe, they have typically assumed stereotyped differences in management systems and work cultures. This book, however, breaks the mold by looking at the culture and individuals' subjective views about their working lives and also their own worldviews; this perspective illuminates the difficulties in working relationships between Japanese and Europeans. Junko Sakai reveals, through 100 transcribed interviews, the influence of power relationships on people of different groups in terms of gender, class, and ethnicity. "The Clash of Economic Cultures" shows uneven transformation of economic and cultural hegemony between East and West. This book gives voice to Japanese men and women whose voices are rarely heard, and to the British who have worked for non-Westerners in the West. It is also a significant and timely analysis of the increasing influence of non-Western companies in London. It will be of great interest to cultural anthropologists, business historians, sociologists and scholars in Japanese and Asian studies, as well as those involved in international finance and management. Junko Sakai lectures on British society in the English literature department at Ferris University in Yokohama, Japan and teaches English at Rikkyo University in Tokyo. ..".Offers a rare and welcome insight into the inner lives and psychology of Japanese bankers....Sakai delivers a rather unique anthropological interpretation of human narratives and life stories, displaying a rich tapestry of interwoven discourses that are accentuated by aeus' and aethem' remarks....The book is a fascinating read, and the subject is one of considerable practical and theoretical significance."--"Tomoko Hamada"

This book gives educators important answers to the urgent question of how teachers and schools can facilitate language minority and immigrant students' progress in school. It offers an innovative and powerful method teachers and students can use to study the situational context of education, providing both the theoretical background and the practical tools to implement this approach.
The situational context of education includes linguistic, economic, social, cultural, and political factors, as well as conditions, such as students' personal characteristics, family support, and quality of instruction. All of these factors influence the lives of students and their academic performance and contribute in many ways, some subtle and indirect, to making the educational experience more or less difficult for different students.
The premise of the book is that objective study of the situational context of education by both students and teachers is beneficial because it leads to a more realistic view of how to facilitate students' progress in school. Designed as a text for graduate courses for preservice and in-service teachers working with students in bilingual, ESL, mainstream, and special education classrooms, the goal is to engage readers in learning not only from the literature but also from studying the situational contexts of their own students. The focus here is on the factors that affect language minority and immigrant students in the United States, but the framework is equally powerful for work with student populations in other social contexts.
*The Introduction includes an overview of the theory behind the study of the situational context of education and theimplementation of this approach; describes the context of the pilot lessons included in the book; and explains how to use the lessons detailed in later chapters.
*Chapters 2-6 focus on different factors in the situational context of education: linguistic, economic, social, cultural, and political. A three-part structure is used: "Classroom Implementation" (a rich description of one lesson in a real classroom); "Context Variables" (a theoretical explanation of the specific factor the chapter addresses, providing the research basis for the sample lesson objectives ); "Doing Analysis of the Context" (several sample lessons for implementation). The lessons are addressed to the teacher, with detailed ideas on how to carry out the lesson and evaluate the students' understanding of the situational context.
*Five Appendices provide helpful resources for the implementation of the lessons: an Annotated bibliography of relevant K-12 children's literature; Instructional Approaches; Scoring Rubrics for Content Objectives; Guidelines for a Contrastive Study of Situational Context; and Lesson Template.
The lessons have been thoroughly field-tested with students and teachers. Because these lessons work on multiple levels, "Situational Context of Education: A Window Into the World of Bilingual Learners" benefits students from first grade through preservice and in-service teachers in university courses. Teachers get to know their students and their predicaments within the social context of the United States, and at the same time, the lesson activities have a great impact on the students in their classes. All are helped to achieve academically while gaining awareness of situational factorsaffecting their lives.

Contents:
Part 1: Culturally Responsive Interventions. Julie R. Ancis, Culturally Responsive Practice. Robbins, R. & Harrist, S., American Indian Constructionalist Family Therapy for Acculturative Stress. Jackson, L. E., Gregory, H. & Davis, M., NTU Psychotherapy and African American Youth. Robbins, M, Schwartz. S, Szapocznik, Structural Ecosystems Therapy with Hispanic Adolescents Exhibiting Disruptive Behviour Disorders. Part 2: International Applications. Paralikar, V, Agashe, M, Weiss, M. G., Essentials of Good Practice: The Making of a Cultural Psychiatrist in Urban India. Kameguchi, K., Empowering the Spousal Relationship in the Treatment of Japanese Families with School Refusal Children. Witzum, E & Goodman, Y. Rewriting Stories of Distress: Culture-sensitive Strategic Therapy with Ultra-orthodox Jews in Israel. Hill, M. B. & Brack, G. The Killing and Burning of Witches in South Africa: A Model of Community Rebuilding and Reconcilitation. Part 3: Diagnosis and Practice. Ancis, J. R., Chen, Y. & Schultz, D. Diagnostic Challenges and the So-called Culture-Bound Syndromes. Part 4: Conclusion. Ancis, J. R., Culturally Responsive Interventions: Themes and Clinical Implications.

Contents:
Part 1: Culturally Responsive Interventions. Julie R. Ancis, Culturally Responsive Practice. Robbins, R. & Harrist, S., American Indian Constructionalist Family Therapy for Acculturative Stress. Jackson, L. E., Gregory, H. & Davis, M., NTU Psychotherapy and African American Youth. Robbins, M, Schwartz. S, Szapocznik, Structural Ecosystems Therapy with Hispanic Adolescents Exhibiting Disruptive Behviour Disorders. Part 2: International Applications. Paralikar, V, Agashe, M, Weiss, M. G., Essentials of Good Practice: The Making of a Cultural Psychiatrist in Urban India. Kameguchi, K., Empowering the Spousal Relationship in the Treatment of Japanese Families with School Refusal Children. Witzum, E & Goodman, Y. Rewriting Stories of Distress: Culture-sensitive Strategic Therapy with Ultra-orthodox Jews in Israel. Hill, M. B. & Brack, G. The Killing and Burning of Witches in South Africa: A Model of Community Rebuilding and Reconcilitation. Part 3: Diagnosis and Practice. Ancis, J. R., Chen, Y. & Schultz, D. Diagnostic Challenges and the So-called Culture-Bound Syndromes. Part 4: Conclusion. Ancis, J. R., Culturally Responsive Interventions: Themes and Clinical Implications.

Why She Must Lead shares Vasudha Sharma's personal story and her interviews with many women who played a crucial part in raising questions and forming solutions regarding the leadership gap. Vasudha immigrated to the United States fifteen years ago looking for better opportunities and a closer look at what the glass ceiling looks like in one of the world's most advanced nations. Today, that ceiling shows some cracks from the recent trend of more women in C suites and for the first time, a woman of color as the Vice President of the United States. But how long will it take for a big impact to shatter it? Inspired by people she has met around the world, Vasudha sketches out a dream in Why She Must Lead where issues like the pay gap, broken rungs, and lack of mentorship can be filtered out systematically, and workplaces can act to lift the most underrepresented group of women. Vasudha presents sentiments, fears, pain, and challenges with compassion and humility. She kindles the call for women of color to challenge the status quo and lead with purpose. The vision in Why She Must Lead allows women to: Analyze reports related to the leadership gap for minority women Develop understanding regarding the causes for a leaky talent pipeline Act to create personalized approaches toward eliminating barriers and bias Deepen their insight about how to minimize the leadership gap Rise as a leader to champion equity goals for themselves or their organization

'[P]erhaps the best analysis of the English-only movement in the US and the ramifications worldwide of language policies favouring English ...It displays a dazzling grasp of the many meanings of language and the politics that underlie language policy and educational discourse.' Stanley Aronowitz, City University of New York 'In the present political climate, racism and classism often hide behind seemingly technical issues about English in the modern world. The Hegemony of English courageously unmasks these deceptions and points the way to a more humane and sane way to discuss language in our global world.' James Paul Gee, University of Wisconsin, Madison The Hegemony of English succinctly exposes how the neoliberal ideology of globalization promotes dominating language policies. In the United States and Europe these policies lead to linguistic and cultural discrimination while, worldwide, they aim to stamp out a greater use and participation of national and subordinate languages in world commerce and in international organizations such as the European Union. Democracy calls for broad, multi-ethnic participation, and the authors point us toward more effective approaches in an increasingly interconnected world.

Contents:
1. American Identities in a Global Era Donna Gabaccia and Colin Wayne Leach
Part One: The Local and the Nation in a Transnational World
2. Elusive Citizenship: Education, the Press and the Struggle over Representtaion in Ninteeth-Century Napa, California 1848-1910 Linda Heidenreich
3. The Prehistory of the Cadenú: Class, Corruption, and Migration in Santo Domingo, 1965-1978 Jesse Hoffnung-Garskof
4. Between Fantasy and Despair: the Transnational Condition and high-tech Immigration A. Aneesh
5. Asian-Latinos: Japanese-Peruvians' Ethnic Adaptation and Social Mobility in New York abd Los Angeles Ayumi Takenaka
Part Two: Family, School and Popular Culture
6. Adopted Children's Identities at the China/US Border Sara Dorow
7. Members of Many Gangs: Childhood and Ethno-racial Identity on the Streets of Twentieth Century America Mark Wild
8. 'Becoming' and 'Being' Chinese American in College: A Look at Ethnicity, Social Class, and Neighborhood in Identity Development Vivian Louie
Part 3: Immigrant Labour
9. Workplace Identities and Collective Memory: Living and Remembering teh Effects of the Bracero Total Institution Ronald L. Mize
10. The Significane of Race in the Urban Labour Market: A Study of Employers Nelson Lim
11. 'Natural Mothers' for Sale: The Construction of Latina Immigrant Identity in Domestic Service Labour Markets Kristen Hill Maher
12. The Work and the Wonder in Studying Immigrant Life Across the Disciplines: An Afterword Colin Wayne Leach and Donna R. Gabaccia

This book is the first comprehensive study of politics, participation and civic engagement in Pakistani Muslim communities in the UK. Written from an insider perspective, "British Muslim Politics," offers a unique take on a demographic group that has been the subject of much public and policy concern in recent times. Arguing for a critical reappraisal of our views of 'Muslim' politics, the book takes a panoramic view of a decade that has seen many significant events shape the political practices of Pakistani Muslims in the UK (from the 2001 summer riots, to 9/11, to 7/7). For over a decade the author has been embedded as a researcher in the Pakistani community and has thus had access to people, places, narratives and stories that allow her to provide a comprehensive account of political processes affecting this community. British Muslim Politics is a refreshing look at how religion, ethnicity, people, and place shape contemporary politics.

Despite being lumped together by census data, there are deep divisions between Mexicans and Puerto Ricans living in the United States. Mexicans see Puerto Ricans as deceptive, disagreeable, nervous, rude, violent, and dangerous, while Puerto Ricans see Mexicans as submissive, gullible, naïve, and folksy. The distinctly different styles of Spanish each group speaks reinforces racialized class differences. Despite these antagonistic divisions, these two groups do show some form of Latinidad, or a shared sense of Latin American identity. Latino Crossings examines how these constructions of Latino self and otherness interact with America's dominant white/black racial consciousness. Latino Crossings is a striking piece of scholarship that transcends the usually rigid boundary between Chicano/Mexican and Puerto Rican studies.

Despite being lumped together by census data, there are deep divisions between Mexicans and Puerto Ricans living in the United States. Mexicans see Puerto Ricans as deceptive, disagreeable, nervous, rude, violent, and dangerous, while Puerto Ricans see Mexicans as submissive, gullible, naïve, and folksy. The distinctly different styles of Spanish each group speaks reinforces racialized class differences. Despite these antagonistic divisions, these two groups do show some form of Latinidad, or a shared sense of Latin American identity. Latino Crossings examines how these constructions of Latino self and otherness interact with America's dominant white/black racial consciousness. Latino Crossings is a striking piece of scholarship that transcends the usually rigid boundary between Chicano/Mexican and Puerto Rican studies.

Postcolonialism has attracted a large amount of interest in cultural theory, but the adjacent area of multiculturalism has not been scrutinised to quite the same extent. In this innovative new book, Sneja Gunew sets out to interrogate the ways in which the transnational discourse of multiculturalism may be related to the politics of race and indigeneity, grounding her discussion in a variety of national settings and a variety of literary, autobiographical and theoretical texts. Using examples from marginal sites - the "settler societies" of Australia and Canada - to cast light on the globally dominant discourses of the US and the UK, Gunew analyses the political ambiguities and the pitfalls involved in a discourse of multiculturalism haunted by the opposing spectres of anarchy and assimilation.

Though Joseph Conrad's works are notorious for the absence or dearth of female characters, this book demonstrates that Conrad often represented women and femininity in fugitive ways. Arguing that gender and difference are conceptual and performative, Lissa Schneider examines many of Conrad's best-known fictions to show how his use of female allegorical imagery, oppositional narrative strategies and hybrid generic structures challenge late Victorian ideologic (and generic) norms and goals. Schneider's analysis illustrates how Conrad's characters negotiate the 'shadow-line' of Victorian paradigms of gender, race and class to clear a space for a modern revisioning of difference.

Postcolonialism has attracted a large amount of interest in cultural theory, but the adjacent area of multiculturalism has not been scrutinised to quite the same extent. In this innovative new book, Sneja Gunew sets out to interrogate the ways in which the transnational discourse of multiculturalism may be related to the politics of race and indigeneity, grounding her discussion in a variety of national settings and a variety of literary, autobiographical and theoretical texts. Using examples from marginal sites - the "settler societies" of Australia and Canada - to cast light on the globally dominant discourses of the US and the UK, Gunew analyses the political ambiguities and the pitfalls involved in a discourse of multiculturalism haunted by the opposing spectres of anarchy and assimilation.

Soon after the September 11th attacks, a number of Sikh men were targeted and killed; mistaken as Muslims. Such hate crimes are only a new twist on what has become a familiar story. Children at a Jewish daycare centre in California were attacked by an anti-Semitic gunman. In Texas, a black man was dragged to death from the back of a pick-up truck. And, of course, we all remember the brutal murder of Matthew Shepperd, a young gay man from Montana.
All are cases of hate crimes. Whether motivated by race, gender, religion, ethnicity, or sexuality, hate crimes happen every day and in every state across the country. Hate and Bias Crime: A Reader is the first reader to bring together the essential readings on hate and bias crime, its causes and consequences, victims, hate groups and interventions.

'[P]erhaps the best analysis of the English-only movement in the US and the ramifications worldwide of language policies favouring English ...It displays a dazzling grasp of the many meanings of language and the politics that underlie language policy and educational discourse.' Stanley Aronowitz, City University of New York 'In the present political climate, racism and classism often hide behind seemingly technical issues about English in the modern world. The Hegemony of English courageously unmasks these deceptions and points the way to a more humane and sane way to discuss language in our global world.' James Paul Gee, University of Wisconsin, Madison The Hegemony of English succinctly exposes how the neoliberal ideology of globalization promotes dominating language policies. In the United States and Europe these policies lead to linguistic and cultural discrimination while, worldwide, they aim to stamp out a greater use and participation of national and subordinate languages in world commerce and in international organizations such as the European Union. Democracy calls for broad, multi-ethnic participation, and the authors point us toward more effective approaches in an increasingly interconnected world.

Considered a classic in the field, Troy Duster's Backdoor to Eugenics was a groundbreaking book that grappled with the social and political implications of the new genetic technologies. Completely updated and revised, this work will be welcomed back into print as we struggle to understand the pros and cons of prenatal detection of birth defects; gene therapies; growth hormones; and substitute genetic answers to problems linked with such groups as Jews, Scandanavians, Native American, Arabs and African Americans. Duster's book has never been more timely.

This innovative volume brings a selection of leading political theorists to the wide-ranging debate on multiculturalism and political legitimacy. By focusing on the challenge to mainstream liberal theory posed by the surge of interest in the rights of minority groups and subcultures within states, the authors confront issues such as rights, liberalism, cultural pluralism and power relations.