The optic canal, in particular its intracranial end, represents a "locus minoris resistentiae" for optic nerve compression in a variety of pathologic conditions. The intracranial optic nerve shares the limited space within this narrow passage with the carotid and ophthalmic artery, all being surrounded by bone and rigid dura. Any pathological condition going along with an increase of soft tissue volume, such as in optic nerve sheath tumors, parasellar neoplasms, dolichoectasia of the carotid and/ or ophthalmic artery, hematomas, etc. , or reduction of the lumen of the bony optic canal by hyperpneumatization of the sphenoid sinus, hyperostosis or developmental abnormalities must act as a space-occupying lesion causing optic nerve compression either by pressing the nerve against the vessel or the neighboring dura or bone. The spectrum of clinical signs and symptoms of optic nerve compression in this area is rather wide and includes acute as well as slowly progressive visual loss and all kinds of visual field defects in the presence of a normal disk, papilledema, pri- mary optic atrophy or cavernous optic atrophy mimicking var- ious clinical disease entities such as retrobulbar optic neuritis, anterior and posterior ischemic optic neuropathy, soft glaucoma and others. Some of the lesions causing optic nerve compression in this area are rather small and need to be visualized or excluded by thin section CT such as pneumosinus dilatans of the sphenoid bone, dolichoectasia of the internal carotid artery, small men- ingiomas around the optic foramen and others.

For centuries, scientists had only one way to study the brain: wait for misfortune to strike - strokes, seizures, infections, lobotomies, horrendous accidents, phantom limbs, Siamese twins - and see how the victims changed afterwards. In many cases their survival was miraculous, and observers marvelled at the transformations that took place when different parts of the brain were destroyed. Parents suddenly couldn't recognise their children. Pillars of the community became pathological liars and paedophiles. Some people couldn't speak but could still sing. Others couldn't read but could write. The stories of these people laid the foundations of modern neuroscience and, century by century, key cases taught scientists what every last region of the brain did. With lucid explanations and incisive wit, Sam Kean explores the brain's secret passageways and recounts the forgotten tales of the ordinary individuals whose struggles, resilience and deep humanity made neuroscience possible.

A highly praised, well written, and richly illustrated modern classic in neuro-ophthalmology now in an exciting new edition with video clips! Neuro-ophthalmology is an "overlap" specialty, encompassing all disorders that affect the parts of the central nervous system related to vision. Neuro-Ophthalmology Illustrated, Third Edition by world-renowned neuro-ophthalmologists and professors Valérie Biousse and Nancy J. Newman expands on the widely acclaimed prior editions, lauded with awards by the Association of American Publishers and the British Medical Association. The updated text reflects diagnostic advances such as optical coherence tomography and features new high-quality images and videos. The text starts with neuro-ophthalmic and funduscopic examinations, visual fields, commonly used ancillary testing methods, and an overview of visual loss. Subsequent chapters detail a wide array of conditions including retinal vascular diseases, optic neuropathies, disc edema, disorders of higher cortical function, abnormal visual perceptions, diplopia, orbital syndromes, cavernous sinus and orbital vascular disorders, nystagmus/other ocular oscillations, and disorders of the eyelid. Final chapters are dedicated to nonorganic neuro-ophthalmic symptoms and signs, diagnosis of headache and facial pain, neurologic and systemic disorders that commonly have neuro-ophthalmologic manifestations, and an approach to management of the visually impaired patient. Key Highlights Concise text coupled with more than 600 high-quality images enhances understanding of complex concepts Easily accessible within pertinent sections, 69 video clips cover a wide spectrum of topics such as examination techniques, normal eye movements, eye movement disorders, and pupil findings Clinical pearls, flow charts, boxes, tables, and a highly detailed index at the end of the text improve retention and assimilation of knowledge This book is essential reading for students, ophthalmology, neurology, and neurosurgery residents, as well as seasoned clinicians in these specialties. At once authoritative and easy to read, this resource provides readers with all the tools they need to diagnose and manage neuro-ophthalmologic disorders. This book includes complimentary access to a digital copy on https://medone.thieme.com.

Here is the first biography to appear in fifty years of Harvey Cushing, a giant of American medicine and without doubt the greatest figure in the history of brain surgery. Drawing on new collections of intimate personal and family papers, diaries and patient records, Michael Bliss captures Cushing's professional and personal life in remarkable detail. Bliss paints an engaging portrait of a man of ambition, boundless, driving energy, a fanatical work ethic, a penchant for self-promotion and ruthlessness, more than a touch of egotism and meanness, and an enormous appetite for life. Equally important, Bliss traces the rise of American surgery as seen through the eyes of one of its pioneers. The book describes how Cushing, working in the early years of the 20th century, developed remarkable new techniques that let surgeons open the skull, expose the brain, and attack tumors-all with a much higher rate of success than previously known. Indeed, Cushing made the miraculous in surgery an everyday event, as he and his team compiled an astonishing record of treating more than two thousand tumors. Moreover, Cushing was also a leading authority on the pituitary gland and a pioneer of endocrinology. And in his spare time, he won a Pulitzer Prize for his massive two-volume biography of William Osler, who was Cushing's colleague. This is the definite Cushing biography, an epic narrative of high surgical adventure. Written by a prize-winning medical historian and acclaimed author, it captures the highs and lows of an extraordinary life, illuminating the contributions of a surgeon who has earned an enduring place in the pantheon of medical history.

Emily Owen was a multi talented teenager with the world at her feet. Highly intelligent, athletic and a gifted musician, she was destined to excel in whichever field she chose to pursue. At the age of 16, Emily was diagnosed with Neurofibromatosis Type 2 (NF2) and less than a month later, she was in hospital and fighting for her life. Over the coming years, NF2 would steal her education, her smile, her hearing, her ability to walk. With her life plans in ruins, Emily struggled to find meaning and identity. Good things in her life weren't good any more. Because they were no longer there. With gentle humour and heart-breaking honesty, Emily shares her story. Slowly and painfully, she discovers value in new places, seeing the rainbows in the silence.

The one-stop guide to microsurgical and endoscopic treatment of skull base lesions from global experts A deep knowledge of regional anatomy, improved understanding of pathologies and their behaviors, technological advances, and multidisciplinary collaboration have led to more effective treatments for once inoperable skull base lesions. Microsurgical and Endoscopic Approaches to the Skull Base: Anatomy, Tactics, and Techniques by renowned skull base neurosurgeons Luis A. B. Borba and Jean G. de Oliveira presents a balanced, anatomy-based perspective on microsurgical and endoscopic approaches to manage these highly challenging lesions. The text leverages the best current scientific literature on this topic and insights from global skull base surgery experts. Organized into 9 sections and 52 chapters, the book starts with discussion of microsurgical and endoscopic instrumentation and neurophysiological monitoring. The subsequent sections cover diverse approaches for skull base lesions involving the sphenoid and parasellar, orbit, anterior fossa, cavernous sinus, temporal bone and jugular foramen, and foramen magnum regions. Each of these sections starts with an introduction, followed by a microsurgical description of the anatomy of the impacted region. Key Highlights Contributions from an impressive group of internationally renowned neurosurgeons and otolaryngologists specializing in skull base pathologies Indications, preoperative and postoperative concerns, nuances, pitfalls, tactics, techniques, and references for further reading provide a comprehensive guide to treatment A stepwise description of the approach, high-quality four-color drawings, and illustrative cases facilitate acquisition and retention of knowledge High-quality figures provide greater visual insights and step-by-step guidance on how to perform specific procedures This unique textbook will help residents, fellows, and practitioners in neurosurgery and otolaryngology make an evidenced-based decision on using the most effective microsurgical and/or endoscopic approach to achieve the best outcomes in patients with skull base lesions. This book includes complimentary access to a digital copy on https://medone.thieme.com.

The first two sections of this text address endoscopic and keyhole surgical procedures for cranial base and deep brain structures. These sections provide a comprehensive, state-of-the art review of this minimally invasive field and will serve as a valuable resource for clinicians, surgeons and researchers with an interest in cranial base surgery. The philosophy, techniques, indications and limitations of endoscopic and keyhole cranial base surgery are covered in detail. This reference includes a discussion of the basic principles of these approaches as well as the preoperative planning, intraoperative pearls, and reconstruction techniques. The thorough descriptions of the practical and technical aspects are accompanied by extensive illustrations, figures and operative images. Extending beyond the technical details of these procedures, this text provides a third section that focuses on a thorough analysis and comparison of the endoscopic, keyhole and traditional open approaches to specific intracranial regions. Utilizing a "target-based" approach, the utility of each surgical technique is evaluated in regard to accessing pathology of the anterior, middle and posterior fossa cranial base as well as the deep central regions of the brain. All chapters are written by experts in their fields and include the most up to date scientific and clinical information. Endoscopic and Keyhole Cranial Base Surgery will be a valuable resource to specialists in optimizing surgical results and improving patient outcomes.

The definitive state-of-the-art resource on pediatric endoscopic endonasal approaches Today, expanded endonasal approaches (EEA) have revolutionized the surgical treatment paradigm for pediatric central skull base lesions. Specially adapted micro-instruments have been developed to permit passage through the narrow sinonasal pathways in children, enabling access to the entire midline skull base, from the crista galli to the cervico-medullary junction. Pediatric Endoscopic Endonasal Skull Base Surgery by Harminder Singh, Jeffrey Greenfield, Vijay Anand, and Theodore Schwartz is the first textbook focused solely on endoscopic endonasal management of cranial base pathologies in children. The book reflects in-depth expertise from an extraordinary group of international contributors from five continents, who share extensive knowledge on this emerging field. Thirty chapters are presented in three comprehensive sections. Key Features Core topics including anatomy, rhinological and anesthetic considerations, patient positioning and OR set-up, instrumentation, and endonasal corridors and approaches Fifteen chapters detail endoscopic treatment of a full spectrum of pediatric pathologies, such as craniopharyngioma, meningoencephalocele, basilar invagination, and benign and malignant tumors, among others Discussion of multiple skull-base closure techniques, managing complications, and neurosurgical and otolaryngological postoperative care Visually rich, the succinct text is enhanced with more than 200 high-quality surgical illustrations and intraoperative photographs, as well as procedural videos This unique reference is essential reading for neurosurgical and otolaryngology residents and fellows, as well as veteran surgeons, nurse-practitioners, and physician-assistants who treat and care for pediatric patients with skull-base conditions. This book includes complimentary access to a digital copy on https://medone.thieme.com.

Written by internationally renowned experts, this volume is a collection of chapters dealing with imaging diagnosis and interventional therapies in neuroradiology and diseases of the spine. The diffferent topics are disease-oriented and encompass all the relevant imaging modalities including X-ray technology, nuclear medicine, ultrasound and magnetic resonance, as well as image-guided interventional techniques. It represents a unique experience for residents in radiology as well as for experienced radiologists wishing to be updated on the current state of the art.

Part of the Neurosurgery by Example series, this volume on pediatric neurosurgery presents exemplary cases in which renowned authors guide readers through the assessment and planning, decision making, surgical procedure, after care, and complication management of common and uncommon disorders. As pediatric neurosurgery approximates the anatomical and pathophysiological breadth of all specialty areas of adult neurosurgery, the cases provided are exemplary of those that are more relevant to, and seen in higher frequency, in pediatrics. The cases also demonstrate presentation and management appropriate for pediatrics, as both are distinct in pediatric compared to adult neurosurgery. Each chapter also contains 'pivot points' that illuminate changes required to manage patients in alternate or atypical situations, and pearls for accurate diagnosis, successful treatment, and effective complication management. Containing a focused review of medical evidence and expected outcomes, Pediatric Neurosurgery is appropriate for neurosurgeons who wish to learn more about a subspecialty, and those preparing for the American Board of Neurological Surgery oral examination.

What does "Starting Again" mean to the many different people this book reaches out to? This positive title may draw the reader to enquire why an immensely experienced physiotherapist is considering starting again. Perhaps it challenges patients to rethink their own limitations, or therapists to reconsider their own management strategies. Does it refer to a change in life for head-injured patients and their carers, or does it hint at a fresh approach to old problems? Since "Steps to Follow" and "Right in the Middle," Pat Davies has not been idle. She has remained aware of what may be new and worthwile in therapy around the world, incorporated it into her own vast experience and taken ideas, concepts and techniques back to her patients to test their clinical validity. This is, therefore, not a pedestrian text but one brimming with new ideas for immediate use. That in itself should be a message of hope for all involved in the consequences of head injury. The future will always hold new and better management strategies, the understanding of the nature and consequences of head injury will improve, and thus there should never be limits placed on what patients can achieve. Reduced to its simplicity and presented in modem day thinking, the nervous system is a neural network. It requires input for output, yet it possesses a delicate, powerful, inherent feedback system so it can drive itself optimally, test itself out, learn and adapt.

During the 1940s and 1950s, tens of thousands of Americans underwent some form of psychosurgery; that is, their brains were operated upon for the putative purpose of treating mental illness. From today's perspective, such medical practices appear foolhardy at best, perhaps even barbaric; most commentators thus have seen in the story of lobotomy an important warning about the kinds of hazards that society will face whenever incompetent or malicious physicians are allowed to overstep the boundaries of valid medical science. Last Resort challenges the previously accepted psychosurgery story and raises new questions about what we should consider its important lessons.

Ideal for both neurosurgical residents and recertifying neurosurgeons, Neurosurgery Self-Assessment: Questions and Answers offers the most comprehensive, up to date coverage available. Over 1,000 clinically relevant multiple-choice questions across 46 topic areas test the candidate's knowledge of basic neuroscience and neurosurgical subspecialties to an unparalleled degree and provide detailed answer explanations to facilitate learning and assessment. Over 700 histology, pathology, radiology, clinical and anatomical images serve as an index of routinely tested-on images in neurosurgical examinations with high-yield summaries of each pathology to reinforce and simplify key concepts. Includes only multiple choice questions in both single-best-answer and extended matching item (10-20 options) format increasingly adopted by neurosurgery certification boards worldwide. Questions are organized by topic and classified by degree of difficulty through a highly visual "traffic light system" which codes each question in green, amber, or red. Includes coverage of the landmark studies in areas such as vascular, stroke, spine and neurooncology. Practical tips facilitate study with test-taking strategies and things to consider before sitting for an exam. Utilizes Imperial and SI units throughout. Expert Consult eBook version included with purchase. This enhanced eBook experience acts an interactive question bank which automatically scores and provides immediate answer feedback, as well as allowing you to search all of the text, figures, and references from the book.

Here is a book that anyone interested in how the brain works will find fascinating and enjoyable. Written in a highly readable style, the book looks at how the damaged brain can be repaired and reconstructed.

The key to neuroscience's most exciting discoveries to date is the theory that is rapidly gaining adherents in the scientific community - the theory of neuroplasticity. Neuroplasticity stresses that cells throughout the brain can not only regenerate, but can adapt their function to assume critical roles once performed by damaged tissue. The author explains how the brain manufactures complex chemicals that foster growth in damaged brain cells, and how misguided ideas can adversely affect how physicians treat patients.

A best-selling volume in France and Spain, Brain Repair provides a vividly written, wide-ranging look at the leading edge of one of science's most exciting frontiers.

This book is the first to offer a comprehensive guide to understanding the brain's architecture from a topographical viewpoint. Authored by a leading expert in surgical neuroanatomy, this practical text provides tri-dimensional understanding of the cerebral hemispheres, and the relationships between cerebral surfaces and the skull's outer surfaces through detailed brain dissections and actual clinical cases with operative photographs and correlative neuroimaging. For neurosurgeons, neuroradiologists and neurologists at all levels, this book emphasises the anatomy of the sulci and gyri of the cerebral surface. It is an essential resource for the general neurosurgery practice, and more particularly for planning surgical access routes for intracranial tumors.

Pathology involving the skull base and adjacent soft tissues present a challenge to all physicians dealing with the anatomy of this region. The goal of Skull Base Surgery: Basic Techniques is to provide the surgeon with a descriptive, step by step, pictorial analysis of skull base surgical techniques. Emphasis is placed on the most commonly used and applicable procedures that address the majority of the pathology encountered in standard practice. This beautifully illustrated text is directed to be the most useful for individuals new to these methods, surgical trainees and mid-level practitioners. Additionally, it's likely to be useful to physicians outside of otolaryngology and neurosurgery involved in the care of these patients. It provides a description of the key components of the medical management of these cases preoperatively and postoperatively so as to maximize the opportunity for successful outcomes.

Building upon the success of prior editions, "Practical Neuroangiography, Third Edition," provides a detailed and richly illustrated guide to diagnostic and interventional neuroangiography and its role in the management of neurovascular disease.The Third Edition provides the new fellow with the background knowledge needed to understand these procedures, the unusual variant anatomy that can affect treatment and outcomes, and the field's current limitations.Organized for ease of use, the book's four sections address techniques and safety; normal anatomy & pathology correlated with angiographic images; angiographic findings of neurovascular diseases; and an introduction to interventional techniques and emergency procedures. Actual patient cases provide practical stepwise coverage of each procedure, tips for accurate diagnosis, and guidance in clinical decision-making.NEW to the Third Edition...
- CT and MR perfusion studies address the therapeutic challenges of vessel occlusion and damage to cranial tissue.
- More detailed techniques and concise patient cases combine to create a hands-on guide to successful outcomes.
- Strong emphasis on radiation risk & safety put the patient's well-being first during therapeutic decision-making.
- Emphasis on the angiographic anatomy of the cerebrovascular system details key pathologic features that affect therapeutic approaches.
- Companion website with text/image search and additional cases is cross-referenced to specific chapters in the text for easy access to critical information.

This 14th volume of Advanaes in Neurosurgery includes the papers presented at the 36th Annual Meeting of the German Society of Neurosurgery in Berlin, May 12-15, 1985. I would like to take this opportunity to thank the members of the program committee of the Society, Priv.-Doz. Dr. Klinger, Professors Brock, Dietz, Frowein, Lausberg, Wlillenweber, and Dr. Reuter for their assistance in selecting the contributions and in organizing the scientific program. The first main topic of the meeting was Spinal Cord Tumors. Introductory lectures dealing with basic anatomic knowledge, neuropathological as pects, and neurologic problems were followed by reports on examinations using conventional neuroradiology, scintiscanning, computer tomography as well as the most recent method in the diagnosis of spinal tumors, the magnetic resonance tomography. Also presented were the results of a multicentered study on spinal tumors, ascertained in cooperation with 43 German and Austrian neurosurgical clinics. The participants reported in great detail on the statistical data they recorded from 3056 cases and on the scientific findings obtained from this study. The session concluded with lectures on the possibilities for surgical treatment of spinal tumors and on oncologic and radiotherapeutic mea sures. E: x: perimental Neurosurgery was the second main topic. Leading authorities in the field presented interesting papers on topics such as the therapy of vasculogenetic brain edema, the determination of neurotransmitters in brain tumors, results of cerebral blood flow measurement, and im proved operative techniques using laser radiation."

'A SUPERB ACHIEVEMENT' IAN MCEWAN * * * * * What is it like to be a brain surgeon? How does it feel to hold someone's life in your hands, to cut through the stuff that creates thought, feeling and reason? How do you live with the consequences when it all goes wrong? DO NO HARM offers an unforgettable insight into the highs and lows of a life dedicated to operating on the human brain, in all its exquisite complexity. With astonishing candour and compassion, Henry Marsh reveals the exhilarating drama of surgery, the chaos and confusion of a busy modern hospital, and above all the need for hope when faced with life's most agonising decisions. * * * * * Winner: PEN Ackerley Prize South Bank Sky Arts Award for Literature Shortlisted: Costa Biography Award Duff Cooper Prize Wellcome Book Prize Guardian First Book Award Slightly Foxed Best First Biography Prize Longlisted: Samuel Johnson Prize for Non-Fiction

Advances J. Maarrawi, P. Mertens, R. Peyron, L. Garcia-Larrea, M. Sindou: Functional exploration for neuropathic pain. - Z. H. Rappaport: The neuroscientific foundations of free will. - A. Hejcl, P. Jendelova, E. Sykova: Experimental reconstruction of the injured spinal cord. - M. Visocchi: Advances in video-assisted anterior surgical approach to the craniovertebral junction. Technical Standards N. Akalan: Myelomeningocele (Open spina bifida): Surgical management. - M. Stoffel, C. Stuer, F. Ringel, B. Meyer: Treatment of infections of the spine. - I. Massimi, F. Novegno, C. di Rocco: Chiari Type 1 malformation in children.

The second edition of the highly successful Surgical Approaches to the Spine will continue the tradition of presenting clearly enumerated and illustrated, step-by-step surgical procedures for the spine. New to this edition are chapters on the anterior approach to clivus C1 & C2, transclavicular cervico-thoracic approach, transsternal approach to the cervico-thoracic & upper thoracic spine, approaches to the sacrum & pelvis, and laparoscopic approaches.

It is only recently that the use of the endoscope as the sole visualizing tool has been introduced in transsphenoidal pituitary surgery with its favorable related implications and minimal operative trauma. Of course, microscopic and endoscopic anatomy are basically the same, but the optical distorsion of endoscopic images is quite substantial compared to microscopic depictions. An endoscope lens produces images with maximal magnification at its center and severe contraction at its periphery. Nearer images are disproportionally enlarged and remote images are falsely miniaturized. This optical illusion may disorientate a surgeon who is not familiar with this peculiar condition at the skull base. This atlas acts as a guide through the endoscopic anatomy and gives detailed descriptions of the preoperative management and the surgical procedures.

For those of us who have been associated with the field of ultrasound imaging of the arterial system since its infancy, this contribution by Friihwald and Blackwell provides the source where the results of over 30 years of hard-won advances can be found. The editors and contributors summarize this burgeoning field in their lucidly written, interesting, and accurate treatise. Beginning with chapters on physical principles and technical considerations, including how to adjust equipment for best images, they consider forthwith carotid and vertebral disease in two outstanding chapters with color images of startling defini tion. Also included are diagrams in which vascular structures are clearly related to well-labeled anatomical landmarks. No other atlas contains the quality of color images and graphic displays which these two editors have compiled. Now that surgical remediation of stenosis of the extracranial carotid and, perhaps, also the vertebral arteries has been demonstrated effective there will undoubtedly be an explosion in the use of this advanced technology to identify appropriate patients and to follow lesions longitudinally over time. To accomplish this, high-quality images made by skilled sonogra phers are the vital component and this book sets standards in this domain."

"Essential Neurosurgery" provides a comprehensive introduction to neurosurgery for junior surgical trainees and medical students. The book concentrates on the principles of neurosurgical diagnosis and management of the more common central nervous system problems, including an understanding of neurology and the pathological basis of neurological disease. There is also coverage of neurosurgical techniques and postoperative patient management.

This new edition brings the text fully up to date and includes many of the biological and technological advances made in the field of neurosurgery that have improved surgical possibilities and patient outcomes.

Review quotations from the previous edition

'flowing and well highlighted text keeps the reader interested in the subject'
"British Journal of Neurosurgery"

'an excellent text...well organised and clearly set out'
"Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry"

"Judith's Pavilion" is an imaginary hospital where practicing neurosurgeon Mark Flitter allows his failures to become beautifully crafted true stories of the fragility and meaning of life itself. "His gripping stories are heart-breaking and deeply moving".--"Publishers Weekly".