Praise for the first edition: A superb overview ... each chapter is well written and concise ... provides a succinct summary of the clinical, radiological, and pathological features of each tumor ... a useful reference for the treatment of pediatric central nervous system tumors. -- Journal of Neurosurgery Tumors of the Pediatric Central Nervous System, Second Edition, provides readers with both medical management and surgical perspectives on the clinical, pathological, and radiological diagnoses and treatment of pediatric CNS tumors. It includes complete coverage of the latest diagnostic and management techniques, state-of-the-art technologies, and trends in the surgical treatment of pediatric tumors. Highlights of the Second Edition: Contains 19 new chapters on such topics as recent advances in the cytogenetics and molecular biology of pediatric brain tumors, gangliogliomas and miscellaneous spinal cord tumors in children, post-chemotherapy morbidity, and many more Addresses the important issues of long-term chronic treatment of pediatric tumor patients and related outcome measures Includes summary boxes and tables that distill large amounts of information for quick review Written by editors and contributors who are world-renowned experts in the field of pediatric neurosurgery and oncology Neurosurgeons, neurologists, oncologists, radiation oncologists, and pediatricians caring for patients with tumors of the central nervous system will find this book to be an essential resource that they will repeatedly consult as they strive to enhance patient care.

* easy to understand yet gives all the necessary knowledge to a beginner. * illustrated with over 100 example EEGs * includes Normal EEGs * demonstrates the clinical applications of EEGs in Epilepsies and other Brain Disorders

New edition of a highly successful illustrated guide to neurology and neurosurgery for medical students and junior doctors. Comprehensive guide to neurology and neurosurgery for medical students and junior doctors - competing books do not cover both areas Graphic approach to the subject - concise text is arranged around clear and memorable line diagrams. Readers find this approach accessible and easy to learn form Clarifies a subject area which students tend to find difficult and forbidding Updated and revised in all areas where there have been developments in understanding of neurological disease and in neurological and neurosurgical management. This revision has also incorporated current guidelines, particularly recommendations from National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE).

The book is a practical guide for neurosurgeons and radiation oncologists willing to better understand the contemporary multimodal management of neurosurgical diseases including, but not limited to, stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). Since its invention 1950s, SRS has dramatically impacted the treatment and prognosis of several neurosurgical diseases such as brain and spine metastases, intracranial and spinal arteriovenous malformations, benign head and spine tumors, functional neurological diseases, etc. The book is formed by 35 chapters encompassing all aspects of SRS, from basic principles to the traditional and novel clinical applications. Each chapter points out the current evidence-based indications, contraindications, and adverse effects of SRS and other techniques that should be considered as an alternative or as a complement to SRS.

This two-volume book offers a comprehensive guide to anesthetic management and critical care management in neurosurgical and neurological patients. This second volume focuses on neurocritical care. The book begins with basic information on the principles of neurocritical care. Management of various neurological problems such as myasthenia gravis, Guillain-Barre syndrome, epilepsy, stroke and many more are discussed in detail. Subsequent sections address nursing care, physiotherapy and psychological care, issues related to brain death and organ donation, and common complications observed in neurological patients during their ICS stays. Each complication is discussed in detail, guiding readers in their clinical practice. In turn, the book's closing chapters cover e.g. the role of hypothermia and evidence-based practice. The book offers a valuable resource for all residents, fellows and trainees in the fields of neurointensive care and critical care; it will also benefit intensivists and neurocritical care experts.

Endlich ein Buch uber Neuromonitoring Die Notwendigkeit zu diesem modernen Ansatz entsteht durch die immer grosser werdende praktische Bedeutung neurophysiologischer Untersuchungsverfahren im Bereich Intensivmedizin, intraoperative Uberwachung zentral - wie peripher - nervaler lebenswichtiger Funktionen, Narkosefuhrung. Zwei Blickwinkel bestimmen die Gliederung: 1. Darstellung der wichtigsten neurophysiologischen Untersuchungsverfahren im Hinblick auf deren Einsatz auf der Intensiveinheit und im OP. 2. Die relevanten Einsatzmoglichkeiten dieser Verfahren bei haufigen intensivpflichtigen Erkrankungen und diversen chirurgischen Eingriffen an Kopf und Wirbelsaule. Intraoperatives Neuromonitoring sowie Narkosesteuerung mittels neurophysiologischer Verfahren werden in eigenen Kapiteln ausfuhrlich dargestellt."

One-of-kind textbook provides comprehensive tutorial on cranial anatomy with step-by-step text and visuals Dissection in the anatomical laboratory is a mandatory component of training for neurosurgeons. Acquisition of highly technical skills is a long and arduous task, requiring knowledge of complex surgical anatomy and basic steps for single surgical approaches. Unlike dense textbooks, Operative Cranial Neurosurgical Anatomy by Filippo Gagliardi, Cristian Gragnaniello, Pietro Mortini, and Anthony Caputy provides readers with a user-friendly tutorial on cranial approaches, clearly delineated through concise written instructions and serial images. Essential procedural aspects are discussed in 53 chapters, starting with sections on pre-surgical training and planning, patient positioning, and basic techniques. Subsequent sections detail cranial approaches; transpetrosal approaches; endonasal, transoral, and transmaxillary procedures; vascular procedures; and ventricular shunts procedures. Surgical technique fundamentals and basic variants, including surgical anatomy and landmarks, are highlighted in 500 figures and illustrations. Key Features Summaries, graphics, and schematic drawings provide immediate access to salient information to utilize during surgical dissections and for surgical preparation A wide spectrum of cranial procedures covered in 23 chapters - from the precaruncular approach to the medial orbit and central skull base - to surgical anatomy of the petrous bone Diverse endonasal procedures including sublabial, transphenoidal, modified lothrop, odontoidectomy, and endoscopic endonasal transmaxillary Vascular procedures such as middle cerebral artery bypass and internal maxillary artery bypass This reader-friendly handbook is a must-have resource for every neurosurgical resident and an excellent refresher for all neurosurgeons. It will help residents and fellows optimize the time and quality of practical training in the cadaver lab, learn fundamental surgical techniques in cranial neurosurgery, and thoroughly prepare for cranial neurosurgical cases. This book includes complimentary access to a digital copy on https://medone.thieme.com.

This didactic book clearly and systematically describes the anatomical-surgical fundamentals of cranial neurosurgery, relating them to norm variants, imaging modalities and interdisciplinary aspects. All illustrations, hand drawn in ink by the first author, are simple and self-explanatory. The book reflects the first author's lifetime experience as an academic neurosurgeon and teacher, as well as the second author's theoretical and practical knowledge of neurosurgical subspecialties such as epilepsy surgery. In addition to its core audience in neurosurgery, it provides all connected disciplines, in particular neuroradiology, neurology, neuropathology, ENT surgery, maxillofacial surgery and eye surgery, with unique anatomical insights into the neurosurgeon's perspective.

Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery combines up-to-date research on surgical techniques with high-definition surgical video and concise algorithmic evidence. Each of its sixteen chapters begins with a brief summary followed by imaging indications, instrumentation, a step-by-step surgical technique (and video guide), as well as the potential complications and adverse outcomes that may develop. Techniques discussed in the text include: Posterior Cervical Foraminotomy; Percutaneous Posterior Pedicle Screw Placement; Lumbar Discectomy; Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion (TLIF); Lateral Lumbar Interbody Fusion (LLIF). Also included is a discussion on the types of implants and instrumentation available today and the potential advantages they offer, making Minimally Invasive Spine Surgery an essential and relevant book for orthopaedic and neurosurgeons. Key Points Authored by experts from Rush University Medical Centre and Thomas Jefferson University Hospital in the United States Includes DVD to enhance clinical instruction 273 full colour illustrations

Classically defined as the art of curing by the hand, hand intended as the organ of the possible, and positive certitude according to Paul Valery, surgery is shifting toward a scientific discipline with a very high technological valence. Neurosurgery in general, and skull base surgery in particular do not stave off this natural evolution. Obviously, technological advances have driven the tremendous progresses in both diagnosis (CT scan, MRI, angiography ) and therapeutic fields (ultrasonic aspiration, radiosurgery). This technological aspect should not hide the humanistic remnant of the modern neurosurgeon, who should propose the less invasive technique in his possession to treat most efficiently his patient, keeping in mind the quality of life above all. The compromise between the invasiveness of the surgical approach to the skull base and the main goal of the surgery has shed light on the recent concept of minimally invasive skull base surgery. This concept has been conspicuously initiated by Axel Perneczky in the late 1980's under the descriptive "keyhole neurosurgery", especially through the renowned eyebrow supra-orbital mini-craniotomy and the implementation of endoscope-assisted microneurosurgery. A decade after, Jho and others introduced the endoscopic endonasal approaches to the skull base, with a perpetual development and an exponential rhythm of scientific publications. This recent paradigm shift toward a minimal approach-related iatrogeny coupled with a maximally efficient surgical target is not so clear cut, as pioneering neurosurgeons such as Cushing, Dandy or Dott among others already adopted this philosophy of work, limited by the technology available at that time that did not permit their minimally invasive expectations. This has been possible only with the progresses made in the fields of imaging, surgical instrumentation, illumination technologies (microscope and endoscope), radiosurgery, and neuroanesthesia.

This book presents current research in the study of the causes, management and prognosis in brain damage including the implications for therapeutic intervention in the reorganisation of elementary functions (REF) after brain injury; a reorientation towards fibre tracts damage in amnesia; the use of alkaline comet assay to assess DNA damage and repair in brain damage; responsiveness and prognosis in the severe disorder of consciousness; the pathophysiology, management and prognosis of cerebral radiation necrosis; exercise as a therapeutic approach after brain damage; neuroprotection in experimental cerebral ischemia; and initiation of inflammatory mechanisms in acute brain damage.

Over the past 20 years a silent revolution in functional neurosurgery has been unfolding. This revolution, still in the making, is the development of cortical electrical neuromodulation. No book covering the field of therapeutic cortical stimulation exists and only scarce attention has been given to this new field of neuromodulation in all textbooks and related books. As a result, the majority of neurologists and neurosurgeons are unaware of this technology. The aim of this book is thus twofold: cross-fertilisation among neurologists, other health professionals and functional neurosurgeons, and defining indications and limits of cortical stimulation, invasive and non-invasive. This textbook brings together leading authorities from all over the world and provides for the first time a complete account of the field. As a "teaching" tool, all, beginners and non, will find a conclusive word in a rapidly evolving field.

Now in a fully revised and expanded second edition, this book remains the gold standard guide to the surgical treatment of diseases in the cerebellopontine angle (CPA), the fragile area of the skull base that Harvey Cushing famously described as "the bloody angle." This edition combines current information on the relevant clinical diseases of the CPA with dramatically improved surgical management of its diseases, arranged in five thematic sections. The first section presents the basis and rationale for treatment, including historical perspectives, microsurgical anatomy, relevant radiology and neurology. Part two is composed of chapters on surgical approaches, and parts three and four provide detailed descriptions of surgical management techniques for vestibular schwannomas and non schwannomatous lesions, respectively. The final section provides 21 distinct clinical cases with associated video segments, demonstrating the approaches and techniques in real time. With images courtesy of the renowned Barrow Neurological Institute, Surgery of the Cerebellopontine Angle, Second Edition is a boon resource for expert specialists in neurosurgery, neurotology, neuroradiology, otolaryngology/head and neck surgery, and endovascular surgery.

Das Buch bietet dem Behandler einen UEberblick uber die gangigen klinisch relevanten Konzepte sowie diagnostischen und therapeutischen Massnahmen in der Epileptologie. Mit seinem praxisorientierten Aufbau befahigt das Werk dazu, dieses Wissen im klinischen Kontext direkt anzuwenden.Zahlreiche Kasuistiken beantworten uber die Kapitel hinweg typische Fragen zu Differenzialdiagnostik, Therapie und sozialmedizinischen Aspekten. Bei den Therapien kommen sowohl medikamentoese als auch operative Ansatze zur Sprache. Ein ballastfreies Buch, geschrieben von Epilepsie-Experten aus Deutschland, OEsterreich und der Schweiz, das sich den konkreten klinischen Aspekten widmet und dabei die entsprechenden nationalen und internationalen Leitlinien berucksichtigt.

The objective of this 5th edition of the book, as with the prior editions, is to teach through images a practical approach to magnetic resonance (MR) physics and image quality. Unlike other texts covering this topic, the focus is on clinical images rather than equations. A practical approach to MR physics is developed through images, emphasizing knowledge of fundamentals important to achieve high image quality. Pulse diagrams are also included, which many at first find difficult to understand. Readers are encouraged to glance at these as they go through the text. With time and repetition, as a reader progresses through the book, the value of these and the knowledge thus available will become evident (and the diagrams themselves easier to understand). The text is organized into concise chapters, each discussing an important point relevant to clinical MR and illustrated largely with images from routine patient exams. The topics covered encompass the breadth of the field, from imaging basics and pulse sequences to advanced topics including contrast-enhanced MR angiography, spectroscopy, perfusion and advanced parallel imaging/data sparsity techniques. Discussion of the latest hardware and software innovations, for example next generation low field MR, deep learning, MR-PET, 7 T, interventional MR, 4D flow, CAIPIRINHA, spiral techniques, radial acquisition, simultaneous multislice, compressed sensing and MR fingerprinting, is included because these topics are critical to current clinical practice as well as to future advances. Included in the fifth edition are a large number of new topics, keeping the text up to date in this increasingly complex field. The text has also been thoroughly revised to include additional relevant clinical images, to improve the clarity of descriptions, and to increase the depth of content. The book is highly recommended for radiologists, physicists, and technologists interested in the background of image acquisition used in standard as well as specialized clinical settings.

A practical and succinct guide to neurophysiological monitoring for safer brain tumor surgery The surgical treatment of infiltrating brain tumors is an extremely challenging and often highly rewarding facet of neurosurgery. The decision-making process involves deeply human interconnections with patients and relatives, cutting-edge neuroscience, and fascinating technology. Video Atlas of Neurophysiological Monitoring in Surgery of Infiltrating Brain Tumors by renowned oncological neurosurgeon Michael Sabel and esteemed contributors demonstrates the practical applications of neurophysiological monitoring to achieve safe removal of infiltrating brain tumors in asleep and awake settings. Organized in three primary parts, the book starts with an introduction including a discussion of the impact and challenges posed by infiltrating gliomas and cerebral metastases and the philosophy behind supramarginal resection. The second part covers critical theoretical components including relevant anatomy, nervous system electricity and fields, transcranial monitoring methods and principles, and direct cortical and subcortical mapping including awake brain surgery. The final part provides insightful, practical guidance on decision making, monitoring set-up, planning of surgical cases, and a summary of accompanying videos. Key Highlights Discussion of impacted anatomy, physiology of the neural pathways monitored in brain tumor surgery, and key neurophysiological techniques for monitoring and testing during resection Instructive illustrations coupled with concise explanations enhance knowledge and facilitate understanding of techniques Fifteen videos covering real-life intraoperative cases provide in-depth insights on applying IONM principles to infiltrating brain tumors This is an essential resource for any neurosurgeon involved or interested in brain tumor surgery, from residents and fellows to board-certified neurosurgeons not yet trained in this field. This book includes complimentary access to a digital copy on https://medone.thieme.com.

This book is the result of the authors' many years of experience in using neurosurgical lasers. They began using laser diodes in their speciality at the start of the 1990s, making them pioneers in the field. The first part of the book deals with the general physical bases and comparative bio-tissue effects of the various kinds of surgical laser, safety measures required and legislation concerning powerful lasers. The second part focuses on laser diodes alone. The authors describe in detail how they use them to operate on intracranial and intraspinal tumours, in intraventricular endoscopy, and in surgery involving epilepsy. Details are given of: technical data; the choice of parameters depending on how the lasers are used (contact and non-contact, and the type of lesion being operated on) as well as their indications in neurosurgery. The authors emphasise the practical recommendations that make this book a valuable companion for current and potential users working in neurosurgery and other surgical applications. They also mention the new and future uses of laser diodes which are currently being developed and which show that this equipment really does represent a new generation of lasers. About 100 colour illustrations and tables are used to explain and underscore the authors' points.

Traumatic Brain and Spinal Cord Injury comprehensively covers the medical and pathological issues related to neurotrauma and its often devastating consequences. Written by globally renowned experts in the field, both clinicians and researchers will find this book invaluable to update their knowledge. This volume is divided into two sections, one covering the brain, the other the spinal cord. Each section discusses the following topics: * The demographic in the developed and developing world where neurotrauma is witnessing a massive expansion * Major clinical issues including advanced semi-experimental monitoring techniques utilized by neurosurgeons and intensivists and the potential use of identifying markers of tissue injury * Overview of major pathophysiological changes * The development of animal models; successes and limitations * Past, current and future therapeutic strategies including rehabilitative opportunities. Presenting the most up-to-date clinical and experimental research in neurotrauma, this volume is essential reading for neurologists, neurosurgeons, intensive care physicians and rehabilitative physicians.

Die Orthopadische Kinderklinik Aschau - mit Herrn Dr. Doederlein an der Spitze - ist ein bekanntes und renommiertes Haus, wenn es um Kinder mit Infantiler Zerebralparese geht. Sein Expertenwissen vermittelt Dr. Doederlein mit der "Infantilen Zerebralparese", die nun in der 2. vollstandig uberarbeiteten und aktualisierten Auflage vorliegt. In die Behandlung von Patienten mit Infantiler Zerebralparese sind viele Berufsgruppen involviert. UEbereinstimmend setzen die Therapien an den Problemen mit den Bewegungsorganen an, die das Krankheitsbild pragen. Bewusst spricht Dr. Doederlein alle Berufsgruppen an, die an der Versorgung der Patienten beteiligt sind - er moechte die Entwicklung einer gemeinsamen Sprache foerdern. Das Buch vermittelt das Wesentliche einer zielgerichteten Diagnostik und der konservativen und operativen Therapie. Neben der vergleichenden Darstellung der normalen und der pathologischen Entwicklung werden Ursachen, Diagnostik und Klassifikation der Gangstoerungen beschrieben. Sie bieten Hilfestellung bei Entscheidungen in Bezug auf die Therapie. Neuestes aus der konservativen Therapie wird vorgestellt und die Operationen sind ausfuhrlich beschrieben und bebildert. Einige Operationsdarstellungen sind fur Elterngesprache gedacht, um an Hand der Bilder erklaren zu koennen, was wie und warum operativ gemacht wird.

" Four stars] Could not be published at a better time... superb illustrations, well-referenced text... technique insights... not only a superb book, but also one with historical significance... unparalleled in the book literature on aneurysm clipping. Doodys Review"

"Seven Aneurysms: Tenets and Techniques for Clipping" combines the instructive nature of a textbook with the visual aspects of an atlas to guide readers through the surgical principles, approaches, and techniques they need to dissect and clip cerebral aneurysms.

Comprised of three concise sections, the book distills the distinguished author's vast experience into a series of easily accessible tutorials presented through clear, systematic descriptions and stunning, full-color illustrations. The first section explains the critical concepts and basic tenets of aneurysm microsurgery followed by a section on the various craniotomies and exposures necessary for successful clipping. The final section covers microsurgical anatomy, dissection strategies, and clipping techniques for each of the seven most common aneurysm types that are the focus of this book.

Features: Strategies for handling the seven aneurysms most often seen by neurosurgeons: PCoA, MCA, ACoA, OphA, PcaA, basilar bifurcation, and PICA 383 full-color surgical photographs demonstrate operative techniques; 77 high-quality drawings display anatomy and spatial relationships Succinct text facilitates quick reading and easy reference

Clipping remains an essential treatment method for the most frequently encountered aneurysms. This must-have guide will enable neurosurgery residents, fellows, or practicing neurosurgeons to handle the majority of the aneurysms they will encounter with confidence and poise.

This issue of Neurosurgery Clinics, guest edited by Dr. Michael A. Vogelbaum, is devoted to Glioblastoma, Part I: Surgical Management and Adjuncts. This is one of four issues selected each year by the series Consulting Editors, Russell R. Lonser and Daniel K. Resnick. Articles in this issue include: Perioperative Management of Patients with Glioblastoma, Role of Resection in Glioblastoma Management, Advancing Imaging to Enhance Surgery, Intraoperative Imaging for High-Grade Glioma Surgery, Use of Intraoperative Fluorophores, Extent of Resection of Glioblastoma, Functional Mapping for Glioma Surgery: Preoperative Mapping Tools, Functional Mapping for Glioma Surgery: Intraoperative Mapping Tools, Surgical Adjuncts for Glioblastoma, Window of Opportunity Clinical Trials to Evaluate Novel Therapies for Brain Tumors, Stereotactic Laser Ablation of Glioblastoma, Radiosurgery for Glioblastoma, Challenges Associated with Reoperation in Patients with Glioma, and Surgery for Glioblastoma in Elderly Patients.

For centuries, scientists had only one way to study the brain: wait for misfortune to strike - strokes, seizures, infections, lobotomies, horrendous accidents, phantom limbs, Siamese twins - and see how the victims changed afterwards. In many cases their survival was miraculous, and observers marvelled at the transformations that took place when different parts of the brain were destroyed. Parents suddenly couldn't recognise their children. Pillars of the community became pathological liars and paedophiles. Some people couldn't speak but could still sing. Others couldn't read but could write. The stories of these people laid the foundations of modern neuroscience and, century by century, key cases taught scientists what every last region of the brain did. With lucid explanations and incisive wit, Sam Kean explores the brain's secret passageways and recounts the forgotten tales of the ordinary individuals whose struggles, resilience and deep humanity made neuroscience possible.

Neurologists learn from their patients, and this selection of 60 stroke cases will inform and challenge clinicians at all stages in their careers. Including both common and unusual cases, the aim is to reinforce diagnostic skills through careful analysis of individual presenting patterns, and to guide treatment decisions. Each case consists of a clinical history, examination findings and special investigations, usually involving imaging before a diagnosis is given. There then follows for each case a discussion of the clinical issues raised by the case, in which the main teaching points are emphasized. Selected references, frequently including the first description, are provided at the conclusion of each case. Drawing on the expertise of leading teachers and practitioners, and liberally illustrated, these case studies and the discussions that accompany them are an essential guide to learning the complexity of stroke diagnosis.

The aim of this book is to educate and train practitioners in the safe and professional use of diagnostic ultrasound imaging in the visualization and interpretation of various cerebral conditions not only in neurointensive care, but also in the operating room and, in general, cardiothoracic and neurocritical care settings. It is chiefly intended for anaesthetists and intensivists with a basic knowledge of ultrasound physics, but also for neurosurgeons and neurologists. All chapters were coordinated by the Editors, with experiences in hands-on courses on Echography and Doppler of the Brain, and prepared by international experts. The book covers from basic principles to estimation of intracranial pressure and cerebral perfusion. The topics cover emergency department and prehospital brain US as part of POCUS and US multiorgan evaluation to general intensive care, neurointensive care and anesthesia, including special populations as pregnant and children and setting as LMIC. Clinical scenarios complete the book. An innovative and unique guide that equips readers to perform bedside and non-invasive assessments for a range of cerebrovascular diseases.

Outstanding endoscopic skull base surgical resource presents cutting-edge approaches from multidisciplinary global experts Transnasal endoscopic skull base and brain surgery have undergone major technical advances in recent years. The accumulation of experience and exciting technological innovations - including high-definition cameras, more ergonomic and precise surgical instruments, as well as new hemostatic agents - have enabled safer and more efficacious treatment of lesions affecting highly complex and delicate regions. This fully revised and updated second edition of Transnasal Endoscopic Skull Base and Brain Surgery: Surgical Anatomy and its Applications builds on the acclaimed first edition, focusing on the correlation between endoscopic skull base anatomy and state-of-the-art clinical applications. Among these are the transplanum/transtuberculum, transcribrifom, transclival, and craniocervical junction surgical approaches. Renowned skull base surgeon Aldo Stamm and leading worldwide experts have compiled a comprehensive multidisciplinary textbook with 72 chapters in 14 sections, didactically organized by regions and diseases. Detailed descriptions of sinonasal, orbital, cranial base, and intracranial anatomy, imaging modalities, and in-depth surgical navigation techniques form the foundation of this remarkable book. The content reflects significant knowledge and diverse perspectives from masters in neurosurgery, otorhinolaryngology, head and neck surgery, neuroendocrinology, intensive care, neuro-anesthesiology, and other disciplines. Key Highlights Chapter summaries and highlights facilitate understanding and retention of complex concepts More than 700 beautiful anatomical, operative, and dissection illustrations and photographs enhance understanding of impacted areas 20 accompanying videos provide guidance on endoscopic transnasal approaches in patients with diverse skull base diseases Pearls, pitfalls, and nuances throughout this book provide invaluable insights on achieving optimal outcomes Neurosurgeons, otolaryngologists-head and neck surgeons, and others will greatly benefit from the step-by-step endoscopic procedural guidance and tips in this quintessential skull base surgical reference. This book includes complimentary access to a digital copy on https://medone.thieme.com.