Together with Consulting Editor Dr. Lucky Jain, Dr. Sudarshan R. Jadcherla has put together a comprehensive issue devoted to neonatal gastroenterology. Expert authors have contributed clinical review articles on the following topics: Neonatal Aerodigestive Disorders: Epidemiology and Economic Burden; Feeding and Swallowing Difficulties in Neonates: Developmental Physiology and Pathophysiology; Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in the NICU Neonate: Controversies, Current Understanding and Future Directions; Feeding Difficulties and Tube-feeding Controversies in Complex Neonates: Evidence-Based Practices; Physiology and Pathological basis of Aerodigestive Difficulties in Chronic Lung Disease; Congenital Diarrheas in Infants: Pathophysiology, Consequences, and Potential Treatment Strategies; Short Gut syndrome: Recent Advances in Pathophysiology and Intestinal Support Practices; Neonatal Cholestasis in the Premature Infant: Approaches to Diagnosis and Management; Strategies for Prevention of TPN-related Liver Injury; Supplements and Additives to Human Milk: Principles and Practices, Current Controversies; Microbiome and Gut Injury in Neonates; Recent Advances in NEC Research: Strategies for Implementation in Clinical Practice; Transfusion-Related Gut Injury and NEC; Neonatal Endoscopy, Diagnosis and Intervention Procedures Crib-side; and Surgical Gastrointestinal Emergencies in Neonates: An overview. Readers will come away with the information they need to improve outcomes in the neonate.

Rapid Research Methods for Nurses, Midwives and Health Professionals is designed to help you find and understand the meaning of key research terminology and, more importantly, develop your knowledge of some of the essential ideas and concepts they describe. This A-Z dictionary of terms is a collection of over 200 entries with a definition of each word put in context with additional tips on its use in assignment work. Alphabetically arranged in an accessible, reader-friendly format, this book: * Answers a clear demand for a practical, fast and concise introduction to the key ideas, concepts and methods in nursing and healthcare research * Provides students with fast and accessible information designed for revision and writing research-based assignments * Demystifies a field of study that students often find daunting

Structured clinical management (SCM) is a unified approach to the treatment of people with personality disorder, which is within reach of general mental health professionals without extensive additional training. However, implementation can be fraught with difficulties, and clinical leads, managers, and practitioners can struggle to implement SCM across complex mental health systems. This book provides an easy to read, practical, and detailed guide on how mental health services can implement SCM in their current clinical pathways and how clinicians can transform their general techniques into a coherent interventional approach for people with personality disorder. Containing insights from clinical experts, researchers, service users, and practitioners of SCM from across the UK and Europe, each chapter outlines a core aspect of the SCM model and its delivery in clinical services. Detailed case studies demonstrate real-world applications of the SCM model, and details are provided about the involvement of carers and families, along with tips on enhancing clinical outcomes and increasing service user engagement. This book will be a valuable resource for qualified and in-training mental health professionals, including psychologists, nurses, occupational therapists, social workers, and psychiatrists. It is particularly relevant to those involved in delivering first-line treatments to people diagnosed with Borderline Personality Disorder and other personality difficulties.

Few career opportunities were available to minority women in Appalachia in the first half of the 20th century. Nursing offered them a respected, relatively well paid profession and - as few physicians or hospitals would treat people of color - their work was important in challenging healthcare inequities in the region. Working in both modern surgical suites and tumble-down cabins, these women created unprecedented networks of care, managed nursing schools and built professional nursing organizations while navigating discrimination in the workplace. Focusing on the careers and contributions of dozens of African American and Eastern Band Cherokee registered nurses, this first comprehensive study of minority nurses in Appalachia documents the quality of healthcare for minorities in the region during the Jim Crow era. Racial segregation in health care and education, and state and federal policies affecting health care for Native Americans are examined in depth.

Together with Consulting Editor Dr. Stephen Krau, Tandy Gabbert has put together a comprehensive issue that discusses important clinical topics for orthopedic nurses. Expert authors have contributed clinical review articles on the following topics: Proactive wellness care for the patient with osteoarthritis; Innovations in care of the elderly hip fracture patient; A Day in the Life of Advanced Practice Nurses providing care to patients with musculoskeletal conditions; Emerging spine care trends and innovations; Fighting the epidemic: Bone health and osteoporosis; An update on total joint arthroplasty: Current models of care, strategies and innovations providing the best patient outcomes, and the big changes in the patient experience; Legal implications in the care of orthopedic patients: Serious complications and how to prevent them; New on the scene: Orthopedic Nurse Navigator; Pain management for the orthopedic patient, closing the gap; Advances in sports medicine and care of the adolescent athlete; The ever changing world of limb salvage surgery for malignant bone tumors; and Excellence in patient education: Evidence-based education that improves patient outcomes. Readers will come away with the information they need to improve outcomes in orthopedic patients.

The Routledge Handbook of Neuroethics offers the reader an informed view of how the brain sciences are being used to approach, understand, and reinvigorate traditional philosophical questions, as well as how those questions, with the grounding influence of neuroscience, are being revisited beyond clinical and research domains. It also examines how contemporary neuroscience research might ultimately impact our understanding of relationships, flourishing, and human nature. Written by 61 key scholars and fresh voices, the Handbook's easy-to-follow chapters appear here for the first time in print and represent the wide range of viewpoints in neuroethics. The volume spotlights new technologies and historical articulations of key problems, issues, and concepts and includes cross-referencing between chapters to highlight the complex interactions of concepts and ideas within neuroethics. These features enhance the Handbook's utility by providing readers with a contextual map for different approaches to issues and a guide to further avenues of interest. Chapter 11 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 3.0 license. https://www.routledgehandbooks.com/doi/10.4324/9781315708652.ch11

Mental Health is an accessible introductory textbook aimed primarily at nursing and health care students who are not in the mental health field of practice but are seeking to understand mental health and become rounded practitioners. It will also be useful as a broad introduction for mental health nursing students. Through clear explanations, examples and activities, the book will help you to recognise and support people with mental health issues whenever they are encountered in your practice. You will learn: What mental health is and how it interacts with physical health About different theories and models that are applied to understanding mental illness How to relate to and communicate with people experiencing mental health problems How to recognise the common diagnosable mental health disorders and understand the treatments and interventions that are applied to them About the impact that mental health issues can have on people at different stages of life, from childhood to adulthood and later life How to apply legal and ethical frameworks and to assess risk when supporting people with mental health issues. Written by a team of highly experienced mental health academics and practitioners, this book will help you to develop the underpinning knowledge and skills you need and to apply them in your own field of practice. Pre-publication reviews "Accessible and thorough, and definitely well pitched for non-mental health clinicians." Senior Lecturer, Mental Health Nursing "From an adult nursing point of view it's got everything I would expect it to cover." Adult nursing student "The book is very readable and accessible, I like the tone of the text as it is informative, and the activities give you chance to reflect.... The information is comprehensive without being too wordy, but academically sound. This book should be on the reading list for all nursing students and other HCP students. It should also be on the book shelf in all nursing offices, [social worker] offices, occupational health etc.." Mental health nursing student "I would definitely recommend this book to non-specialists. I like the breadth of areas that the book covers." Senior Lecturer, Mental Health Nursing Essentials is a series of accessible, introductory textbooks for students in nursing, health and social care. New and forthcoming titles in the series: The Care Process Communication Skills Leadership Learning Disabilities Mental Health Promoting Health and Wellbeing Research and Evidence-Based Practice Study Skills

This provocative and timely book examines the current state of primary care practice and outlines a new vision for the delivery of primary care services, primarily in the UK but also internationally. Encouraging a social compact between citizens, governments and the providers of care, the book describes how this will necessitate a redesign of the welfare sector to ensure it is 'fit for purpose' in the digital world. It explores the respective roles of the inverse care law and the rule of halves, systems theory and learning organisations, mutuality and active citizenship, and how these can be applied to improve service delivery. Key Features Offers an alternative approach to thinking and a challenge to leaders within primary care and to those with administrative responsibility for the sector Reflects the multiple challenges facing primary care, including the rise in frail elderly patients, increasing multi-morbidities, the impact of changing demography with migration and much more Sets these challenges in a context of increasing workforce pressures, including changing attitudes to professionalism, burnout and recruitment difficulties Outlines a road map for improvement, responding to current challenges around social care as well as digital/e-health Aimed at, and written for, all those committed to improving the future of the primary care sector in the UK and internationally, this important book will be of interest to students, clinicians, managers, commissioners, policy makers and service users.

Life and Suicide Following Brain Injury tells the story of Tom, a 43 year-old man who acquired a brain injury from a road traffic accident at the age of 22. Tom survived but went on to take his own life 20 years later. As a vulnerable adult with mental health issues and long-term difficulties with substance misuse, this book tells Tom's story from his early childhood through to his death. In telling Tom's story, the author- a researcher in the brain injury field and Tom's sister- identifies the multiple suicide risk factors as well as the lack of understanding and inadequate service provision for people with complex needs following TBI. His story serves as a harrowing example of what can go wrong when timely intervention and support is not forthcoming, identifying a multitude of risk factors and possible points of intervention to improve care in the future. This book provides insight to professionals and academics across health and social care in the risks of suicide associated with TBI. It also provides support for those who have experienced the grief of losing a survivor to suicide, or those struggling to support a survivor who is suicidal.

Diabetes is a chronic disease involving self-management by the patients. This book teaches providers the skills to translate and transfer complex medical information to empower patients to participate in making well-informed decisions about their own care on a daily basis, as directed by the American Diabetes Association. It provides the basic knowledge around the pathophysiology of diabetes, different management options including insulin management and calculations, information on how foods affect blood sugars and how to address cardiovascular risk factors. This book aims to change clinical outcomes through its unique presentation of information and its approach to awareness. Key Features Follows a unique approach in imparting techniques that bring long-term patient behaviour changes, making the provision of chronic disease management more efficient and satisfying Serves to help professionals in their day-to-day patient management to achieve better outcomes Addresses the area of need for primary care and helps to make well-informed decisions by understanding the essential cost of care

Integrating the science of self-care with other nursing and multidisciplinary perspectives, this is the first book for the Professional Nursing Practice course in RN to BSN curriculum to present a conceptual framework for contemporary nursing practice based on the science of self-care that also incorporates other nursing and multidisciplinary perspectives. Built upon the premise that nursing is both a caring and a knowledge-based profession, this cutting-edge book illustrates how to attain and integrate knowledge from nursing theory and theories of related disciplines to achieve optimal evidence-based nursing practice. Using case studies to demonstrate the relationship between nursing theory and practice, the text underscores the importance of having a deep understanding and conceptual model of the unique role of nursing in society and its practice domain. It instils a foundational understanding of the science of self-care and its contribution to contemporary nursing. It describes how this paradigm is gaining recognition as an effective anti-burnout strategy and demonstrates how it can be applied. Case examples from a variety of clinical situations integrated with nursing theory demonstrate the variables needed to achieve optimal nursing practice. The book illustrates what data to collect, how to analyse that data, how to design and implement intervention strategies, and how to determine their effectiveness. Key concept boxes, measurable objectives with critical thinking questions, and learning activities reinforce content. Additionally, more complex cases included at the end of the text and frequent links to nursing literature provide fodder for more in-depth analysis. Key Features: Provides an integrative model for nursing practice based on self-care that is useful in all clinical settings. Illustrates how to attain and integrate knowledge from the science of self-care with other nursing theories. Demonstrates the relationship between theory and practice through case studies. Introduces students to the importance of recording and analysing data to achieve evidence-based practice Includes measurable objectives with review questions at the end of chapters and many other pedagogical features.

This innovative text helps nursing students and working nurses to master the essential skill of synthesizing diverse forms of literature to inform research, practice, and policy in Nursing and the Health Science disciplines. Focusing on the significance of synthesis as a critical component of the literature review process, this book walks readers through each step of completing an exemplary literature review and synthesis. The text provides detailed guidance to each of the rigorous steps needed to design, execute, and synthesize the results of a literature review.This book focuses on the literature review process intended to inform research, quality improvement efforts, clinical practice, and healthcare policy decisions, with discussion of how literature reviews and syntheses inform public conversation. Designed to simplify a complex topic, the text is also a platform for discussing the rapidly expanding need for rigorous literature review approaches across diverse settings and professional groups. Concise formatting, objectives, step-by-step instructions, publication example, activities, and key summaries, further contribute to helping novice and more experienced learners to assess and synthesize existing research to ensure a firm foundation for creating unique and meaningful PhD dissertations, DNP projects, and other scholarly work conducted by nurses and other healthcare professionals. Key Features: Provides a step-by-step guide to completing different types of literature reviews and syntheses, illuminated by examples from the literature Formatted concisely and consistently for ease of use Includes objectives, activities, key summaries, and references to simplify learning Focuses on synthesis of literature regarding research, quality improvement, clinical activities, health policy, and public media in separate chapters Addresses data synthesis for quantitative, qualitative, and other literature review types

Promoting Health and Wellbeing is an introductory textbook for nursing and healthcare students seeking to understand how to promote health and prevent ill health. Through clear explanations, case studies and activities, the book will help you to understand the principles of health promotion and how to apply them in your practice. You will learn: Theoretical perspectives of health promotion, health education and public health How to identify and apply models to support behaviour change and overcome barriers to change How health inequalities and social determinants of health affect public health practice How to enable, mediate and advocate in promoting physical and mental health and wellbeing How to understand and implement evidence-based health promotion in practice This book will help you to develop the underpinning knowledge and skills you require to carry out your role in promoting health and wellbeing. Essentials is a series of accessible, introductory textbooks for students in nursing, health and social care. The books feature clear explanations, scenarios, activities and case studies to help students get to grips with the subject quickly and easily. New and forthcoming titles in the series: The Care Process Communication Skills Leadership Mental Health Promoting Health and Wellbeing Study Skills **Please note that the pdf ebook version of this title is a print replica version and you may not be able to add notes to it**

Designated a Doody's Core Title

While the scope of long-term care settings has expanded from nursing homes and home care agencies to assisted living facilities and community-based health services, the training for nurses, managers and administrators, medical directors, and other professionals who work in these facilities is often fragmented. This book was developed to fill a widely-recognized gap in the management and leadership skills of RNs needed to improve the quality of long-term care. The book is based around learning modules in leadership and management competencies that were site-tested in three types of long-term care settings and revised based on the resulting feedback. Several of the nurse experts involved in the project contribute to this book.

The leadership modules cover team building, communication, power and negotiation, change theory and process, management direction and design, and management that moves from conflict to collaboration. Two additional modules cover cultural competence and principles of teaching and learning related to adult education in the long-term care environment. Together, these skills will enhance the nurse's ability to build and interact with the geriatric care team, resolve conflict, negotiate for solutions, develop collaboration, and teach and mentor nurses and nursing assistants.

The Neonatal Resuscitation Program (R) (NRP (R)) course conveys an evidence-based approach to care of the newborn at birth and facilitates effective team-based care for healthcare professionals who care for newborns at the time of delivery. NRP utilizes a blended learning approach, which includes online testing and hands-on case-based simulation/debriefing that focus on critical leadership, communication, and team-work skills. The NRP, 8th Edition, introduces a new educational methodology to better meet the needs of health care professionals who manage the newly born baby. New in the 8th edition: Key Points at the beginning of each lesson. Quick response (QR) codes that enable the reader to view short videos about the topic on their mobile device. Lesson Review Questions grouped together at the end of each lesson. Quality Improvement Opportunities and Frequently Asked Questions in each lesson. New sections in Lesson 10 (Special Considerations) about resuscitation of the newborn with a myelomeningocele or an abdominal wall defect. Three Supplemental Lessons (Improving Resuscitation Team Performance, Resuscitation Outside the Delivery Room, and Bringing Quality Improvement to Your Resuscitation Team) that all NRP users to enhance their resuscitation knowledge and performance.

Important changes within the NHS and nursing have taken place over the last fifteen years. The healthcare environment has been transformed and the picture of professional nursing redrawn and sharpened. But how do these changes relate to practising nurses and student nurses at the beginning of their professional practice and what effect will they have on the everyday lives of nurses and their patients? Social Policy for Nurses aims to answer these essential questions, providing the ideal introduction to health policy for nurses at all stages of their careers. Written in an engaging and accessible style, the book provides a comprehensive discussion of the current policy imperatives facing nurses across the UK. The text offers a clear overview of the nature of policy and policy-making, reminding nurses of their ability, and responsibility, to become involved. The importance of learning lessons from the past, both good and bad, is strongly emphasised and the book has helpful chapter summaries, case studies and learning activities to help readers engage with the policies discussed. The themes explored include: * Working in partnership and empowering the users * Building a healthier nation * Professionalism * Information technology The future for the profession and for a high-quality, collectively provided health service is now very much in the hands of all nurses. This book sets out to inspire the current and future generation of nurses to reflect fully on the influence that health policy has on their profession and daily practice, and on health service provision more generally.

Reflection is key to making sense of your practice experiences. This book will build the reflective skills you need to succeed in your studies and to become a reflective practitioner. Learn the principles of reflective practice and how to apply them, enhancing your personal and professional development and ultimately the care you provide. Key features o Each chapter is mapped to the 2018 NMC standards o Covers models and frameworks of reflective practice in clear, straightforward language o Activities and case studies show reflective practice in action and help you begin to reflect on your own experiences

Mental Wellbeing and Psychology unpacks the philosophical and psychological need to understand ourselves through an exploration of historical archives and artistic creativity. This focuses on some practical, evidence-based approaches to developing mental wellbeing. The book uses phenomenological psychology to explore the materials developed by the Stiwdio Arts group and offers an understanding of one's experiences of their world, recognising that these are embodied and perceived within a temporal and relational place. It offers examples for developing mental health and wellbeing interventions for charities, private care and the NHS. It provides an evidence base for the use of creativity and historical resources in mental health care. This book will be of great interest for academics, researchers and post-graduate students in the field of mental wellbeing, nursing and mentalhealth nursing, occupational therapy and social work.

Researching Patient Safety and Quality in Health Care: A Nordic Perspective is an anthology based on contributions from leading researchers on quality and safety in healthcare in the Nordic countries together with four internationally renowned patient safety authors. Research on patient safety and quality has been dominated by countries such as the USA, England, Canada, and Australia. This book addresses the current debates in research on patient safety and quality in healthcare from a Nordic perspective. What are the flavours of Nordic research within these topics? What does it add to the international research literature? This book illustrates the unique nature of researching patient safety and quality with the Nordic perspective as well as showcasing representative work. The book presents an overview of the status and evidence of international and Nordic research on quality and safety in healthcare. Four different perspectives are used to present the trends within the research field: a patient perspective, a methodological perspective, a theoretical perspective, and a clinical perspective. The book then presents the status of Nordic research in the field and displays a set of illustrative work and current research topics within the Nordic context, concluding with a discussion of the characteristic features of Nordic research on patient safety and quality in healthcare. The anthology presents an inter-professional perspective and researchers from disciplines such as medical and nursing sciences, humanities, social sciences and engineering. It is written to contribute to the patient safety cause with translational knowledge that will be useful to researchers, policy makers and healthcare managers within Nordic countries and internationally.

Law, Palliative Care and Dying critically examines the role of the legal framework in shaping the boundaries of palliative care practice. The work underlines the importance of a distinct legal framework for specialist palliative care which can provide clarity for both the healthcare professional and the patient. It examines the legal and ethical justifications for specialist palliative care practices and, in doing so, it questions the legitimacy of the distinction between euthanasia and practices such as palliative sedation. Moreover, this work discusses the influence of a human rights discourse on palliative care and examines the contribution of autonomy, dignity, and the right to palliative care. This book includes detailed comparative research on several European jurisdictions. The jurisdictions illustrate varied approaches to palliative care regulation and promotion. In this manner, the role of professional guidelines and legislation are drawn out and common themes in the regulation of palliative care emerge.

It is vital that healthcare practitioners understand the psychological impact of childbirth when caring for women. This accessible guide is designed to improve the care that women receive and, as a result, public health outcomes related to maternal and infant wellbeing. This book outlines how clinicians can offer practical support to women after birth. It: discusses what we know about how women adapt to motherhood and develop a post-childbirth identity; outlines some of the causes and manifestations of post-traumatic stress following childbirth; provides practical guidance for setting up postnatal pathways for women traumatised by birth and how to communicate effectively; equips practitioners with the knowledge and skills to support pregnant women with a fear of birth; incorporates narratives from women to demonstrate how their births and related events were perceived and processed, before discussing how women's views can be used to inform future practice; highlights the importance of restorative supervision for healthcare professionals working in this area to promote staff resilience and sustainability. Drawing together theoretical knowledge, evidence, practical skills and women's narratives to help clinicians understand the psychology of childbirth and support women, it is of significant value to all healthcare practitioners engaged in maternity services.

Designed for existing courses within the MA curricula, this text provides initial preparation for the principles and techniques of intravenous therapy. Students will learn the basic knowledge necessary to safely and precisely administer basic IV fluids and medications within the scope of practice for their particular health care profession. Each chapter is organized with chapter outlines, learning objectives, key words with definitions, and chapter summaries. Includes a basic review of anatomy and physiology to provide a fundamental understanding of how IV therapy can interact with each body system. A variety of exercises (such as IV calculations or patient teaching) are integrated within each chapter to reinforce the learning of often-difficult concepts. Includes an array of worksheets on the companion Evolve website (such as drugs, charting, or drug and dosage calculations) to provide practice tools for the student. Each chapter concludes with multiple-choice review questions to test students' knowledge of the content within that chapter. Provides a Competency Check Sheet with standards for performance and to meet competency-based education requirements.

INFECTION PREVENTION AND CONTROL IN HEALTHCARE SETTINGS In Infection Prevention and Control in Healthcare Settings, a team of distinguished researchers deliver an accessible and authoritative introduction to infection control and prevention in hospital and community settings. This is a key resource as professionals deal with the ongoing impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, and require the latest and most up-to-date information. Central topics are discussed at the individual and population levels, with direct links to lessons learned throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. The book is written from an evidence-based perspective that utilises modern approaches, reflecting current decision-making methods like GRADE and WHO Evidence to Decision Frameworks. Readers will also find: A thorough introduction to the chain of infection and the main groups of micro-organisms causing infection Comprehensive explorations of the application of evidence-based practice principles to infection prevention and control Practical discussions of immunity, microbiology laboratories, antimicrobial drugs, and policies and protocols for infection prevention and control The role of epidemiology and public health in the prevention and control of infectious disease Perfect for student nurses and students of allied health professions, Infection Prevention and Control in Healthcare Settings will also benefit practitioners and managers in the health services seeking to update their knowledge of infection control and prevention in healthcare settings.

Nurses typically go in to the profession of nursing because they want to "care" for patients, not knowing that the inherent stresses of the work environment put them at risk for developing psychological disorders such as burnout syndrome, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), anxiety and depression. Symptoms of these disorders are often debilitating and affect the nurse's functioning on both a personal and professional level. While environmental and/or organizational strategies are important to help combat stress, oftentimes the triggers experienced by nurses are non-modifiable including patient deaths, prolonging life in futile conditions, delivering post-mortem care and the feeling of contributing to a patient's pain and suffering. It is paramount that nurses enhance their ability to adapt to their work environment. Resilience is a multidimensional psychological characteristic that enables one to thrive in the face of adversity and bounce back from hardships and trauma. Importantly, resilience can be learned. Factors that promote resilience include attention to physical well-being and development of adaptive coping skills. This book provides the nurse, and the administrators who manage them, with an overview of the psychological disorders that are prevalent in their profession, first-person narratives from nurses who share traumatic and/or stressful situations that have impacted their career and provide detailed descriptions of promising coping strategies that can be used to mitigate symptoms of distress.

Lifestyle medicine is an evidence-based approach to helping individuals and families adopt and sustain healthy behaviors in preventing, treating, and oftentimes, reversing chronic diseases. This fast-growing specialty operates off six main principles including nutrition, physical activity, stress resilience, cessation or risk reduction of substance use, quality sleep, and social connectivity. Nurses are the primary providers of hospital-based patient care and deliver most of the nation's long-term care. Within healthcare, nurses are often tasked with educating patients and families and are thereby well-positioned to address lifestyle intervention with patients. Lifestyle Nursing examines the concepts of lifestyle medicine and nursing practice, it is specifically designed to help nurses introduce the concepts of lifestyle medicine to readers while also encouraging them to focus on their own wellness. This book features nutritional guidelines and supplemental materials operationalizing this basic nutrition knowledge into personal and patient wellness. It addresses evidence-based findings of chronic diseases including heart diseases and stroke, type 2 diabetes, and cancers, which can often be prevented by lifestyle interventions. Drawing from nursing and medical literature, this volume in the Lifestyle Medicine series encourages incorporation of lifestyle principles into nursing practices professionally and personally which will lead to overall improved patient outcomes and happier, healthier nurses.