This second volume of the highly practical and informative work continues the fine tradition of this exceptional series. It details the latest concepts and management techniques in oculofacial plastic surgery. It contains in-depth reviews of orbital disorders such as capillary hemangiomas and venolymphatic malformations, offering new strategies in diagnosis and management. Coverage also includes recent developments in the diagnosis and management of lacrimal disorders, including salivary gland transposition for severe dry eye and lacrimal stenosis. It will prove to be a valuable resource for both the comprehensive ophthalmologist as well as subspecialists with a particular interest in disorders of the orbit, eyelids, lacrimal system, and other facial structures.

This Text and Atlas provides ophthalmic surgeons with the latest advances in phaco surgery. Divided into ten sections, the books guides clinicians through incision, instruments, and eyeball position for surgery, to numerous different surgical procedures including intraocular lens implantation. The text is further enhanced by high quality photographs and illustrations. The book aims to help surgeons record and analyse their own cases and learn from experience.

Astigmatism means the eye is shaped like a rugby ball so light is focused at more than one place in the eye. It is associated with short or long sightedness and can cause blurry vision, headaches and eye strain. Astigmatism is usually corrected with glasses or contact lenses. This book is a complete guide to the surgical management of astigmatism. Based on scientific evidence and practice, the text covers numerous diagnostic and treatment techniques for both regular and irregular astigmatism, including laser surgery and incisional and intraocular lenses. Each procedure is explained in detail describing new diagnostic technologies, patient selection, methods and limitations across applications. Authored by an internationally recognised team of experts, the comprehensive text is further enhanced by more than 350 clinical photographs, diagrams and figures. Key points Complete guide to surgical management of astigmatism Covers techniques for both regular and irregular astigmatism including laser surgery Internationally recognised team of expert authors Highly illustrated with clinical photographs, diagrams and figures

The Wisdom of the Eye is a survey of the major concepts underlying many of the basic sciences related to the human eye and visual brain in one volume, using anecdotes and a minimum of highly technical language to emphasize the important points. This book presents an up-to-date treatment on how the eye and visual system work to help us see, interpret what we see, and communicate what we feel. It also examines how this description of the visual system teaches us more about ourselves.
Key Features
* Written in a user-friendly style, absent of jargon
* Humanizes vision research using anecdotes
* Uses many original illustrations and examples to demonstrate concepts
* Provides a synthesis of many disciplines including ophthalmology, optometry, and basic science
* Presents the visual system consistently in the context of its survival advantages
* Covers a wide variety of topics including infant vision, adult retinal image, animal vision, eye injuries, refractive areas, the eye as a transmitter and receiver of information, optical illusions, color, visual awareness, and more

The incidence of myopia is rapidly increasing worldwide, and the condition may well become the most prevalent abnormality found in humans. Although the mechanism of myopia has not been fully clarified, there has been an impressive increase in our understanding in the last few years. Important questions about myopia are being posed by researchers across a broad spectrum of disciplines from psychology to molecular biology, from corneal surgery to retinal physiology, and from genetics to experimental optics. The Sixth International Conference on Myopia, held in Hakone, Japan, in September 1996, provided a forum for researchers and practitioners to gather for presentations and discussions of their latest findings. Many doctors from Asian countries, where the incidence of myopia is particularly high, reported the results of recent epidemiological studies. In bringing together information on pathology, epidemiology, experimentation, and treatment, this volume covers all aspects of myopia research and is an essential source for optometrists and ophthalmologists, as well as pathologists, biologists, biochemists, pharmacologists, and physiologists interested in ocular growth or myopia.

The topics in this volume explore the etiology, cellular mechanisms, epidemiology, genetics, models and potential therapeutic measures for the blinding diseases of retinitis pigmentosa and age-related macular degeneration.
Special focus is highlighted in the areas of Mechanisms of Photoreceptor Degeneration and Cell Death (extremely important because very little is known how or why photoreceptors die in these diseases, despite an abundance of genetic information), Age-Related Macular Degeneration (with several novel approaches to its analysis), Usher Syndrome (the most severe form of retinitis pigmentosa, which includes an early or congenital loss of hearing along with blindness), and Gene Therapy. In addition, the section on Basic Science Related to Retinal Degeneration is particularly strong with several laboratories reporting on new discoveries in the area of outer segment phagocytosis, a key component of photoreceptor-retinal pigment epithelial cell interactions in normal and degenerating retinas.

The specialty of medical retina remains one of the most challenging fields in ophthalmology. Fortunately, in the past few years the standard of knowledge in the area of medical retina has improved substantially. The insight in basic mechanisms of disease has been expanded and novel diagnostic and efficacious therapeutic strategies have been developed bridging the gap between laboratory and clinical science. For example, new developments in ophthalmic imaging have contributed significantly to our understanding of the pathophysiology and treatment of various retinal diseases. This volume encompasses the application of confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscopy including fundus autofluorescence imaging as well as the mapping of central visual function by microperimetry. It also covers anti-VEGF therapy that has revolutionized the treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration. The next big challenge, the management and treatment targets for dry AMD is also presented as well as the practical relevance for the management of diabetic macular edema and retinal vein occlusions. Written by world-renowned experts, this authoritative work on medical retina is both comprehensive and practical and will serve the need of all ophthalmologists as well as optometrists and ophthalmic nurses to keep up-to-date with the new developments in the important field of medical retina.

Progress in vitreo-retinal surgery is mercurial. Since this series is dedicated to new developments the reader is presented with a motley list of topics. The advancements described here may represent generally accepted progress in the field: New instruments, Macular hole surgery, Tumor biopsy. New ideas are set out to be tested for their benefit, for example: AMD surgery, Adjunctive pharmacotherapy. Reflections on incessant clinical problems in vitreo-retina surgery require superior scrutinization of established surgical techniques and indications: Posterior slippage, Inferior breaks, Subclinical retinal detachments. The editors will expand this list in future editions with topics like: new support for buckling surgery, enzyme assisted vitrectomy, new tamponades and other yet unknown fields of progress.

This edition has some differences from the first edition, such as the under grade chapters have been omitted. The total number of the OSPE has been increased. And many new ideas have been applied. In the first edition, there were 276 OSPE questions and answers, but now total questions and answers are 390 and we have added a new chapter (VIDEO station). There are 28 video clips online at emedicine360.com and answers are in the book.

The diverse roles in physiological function now attributed to nitric oxide include those it performs in the eye. In recent years this simple molecule has become the subject of increased attention among researchers and practitioners concerned with the eye. While most books in the field have concentrated on the pharmacology of NO in the central and peripheral nervous system or the cardiovascular system, the contents of this volume encompass all aspects of the eye and NO. With authors who are leading scientists worldwide, the major sections include reports of the latest research in the mechanism of ocular hypertension and glaucoma (aqueous dynamics), ocular autonomic neurotransmission (ocular bloodflow), and the pathophysiology of uveitis; the final section contains three chapters on the role of NO specific to the retina. This book is a valuable resource for researchers as well as for ophthalmologists and other practitioners interested in the role of NO in the eye.

This new edition provides ophthalmologists and trainees with the latest information and advances in their field. Presented in question and answer format, the book begins with discussion on optics and refraction, followed by genetics and embryology. The next chapters cover the diagnosis and management of disorders in different parts of the eye. The third edition has been fully revised and updated, and new topics added. Authored by a recognised team of experts led by Prof Myron Yanoff from Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, the text is further enhanced by clinical photographs and illustrations. Key points Comprehensive review of latest advances in diagnosis and management of ophthalmic disorders and diseases Presented in question and answer format, fully revised third edition with new topics added Internationally recognised author and editor team Previous edition (9789350255766) published in 2012

This comprehensive text explains the diagnostic and optometric management procedures involved in the care of patients with binocular vision anomalies. It is a clinically oriented text that can be used by the student as well as the clinician. It provides thorough descriptions of the many binocular vision anomalies, describes the necessary testing procedures to correctly diagnose each disorder, and suggests the most appropriate management. Featuring many illustrations, photos and case studies, particularly on strabismus and incomitant deviations, it presents an orderly practical approach to diagnosis, differential diagnosis and treatment decision making. * Every topic area in binocular vision anomalies is included, from heterophoria and accommodative disorders to severe strabismic disorders. * Discusses not only the most common forms of treatment for a particular anomaly, but also discusses less known but deserving treatment alternatives, providing the reader with an understanding of the full range of treatment possibilities. * In each chapter, an anomaly is identified, then classified according to its significant symptoms and clinical findings. Once a diagnosis is certain, the appropriate forms of treatment are discussed. * Editors Rutstein and Daum are well known and respected in their field. They are scientists who have lectured extensively, have written many articles and have a wealth of clinical experience. * Organized to take the reader from the base to the tip of the "pyramid" of binocular vision. Sensory anomalies are discussed first, integrative anomalies next, and motor anomalies last. * An invaluable reference for both optometrists and ophthalmologists. * Features many references and case studies. * Contains approximately 309 illustrations and photographs, providing the reader with a clear, visual guide to the disorders and their management. * Features clinical pearls succinct bits of "clinical wisdom" that are boxed within the text for easy reference. * Outlines appear at the beginning of each chapter, giving the reader a quick overview of chapter content. * Glossary appears at the end of the book, defining key words that appear in the text.

Sports vision is a relatively new but fast expanding area of multi-disciplinary eye care involving not only optometrists but also dispensing opticians, ophthalmologists, athletes, sports organisations and coaches. This book deals with optimising safe and efficient vision in sport. Sports vision will be essential reading for everyone involved in sport wishing to optimise vision particularly optometrists but also ophthalmologists, athletes and trainers. 'For practitioners wishing to develop an active interest in the subject this book acts as a valuable guide to how they need to develop both their optometric and dispensing skills.' - Journal of British Contact Lens Assoc., January 1996 '..excellent.' - The Optician, March 1996 * NEW IN PAPERBACK * * * Visual training, injuries and prevention, setting up a practice, legal considerations and many other aspects of sports vision are covered in detail.

Patients aftlicted with thyroid eye disease or Graves' ophthamopathy (GO) may experience not only pain and visual loss, but also disfigurement. Full understanding of pathogenesis has been elusive, and treatment modalities are imperfect. As with other conditions, more effective intervention will follow only after a better understanding of pathogenesis is reached. The goal of this volume is to give an overview by leaders in the field of the present state of the art both in pathogenesis and clinical aspects of GO. Much attention has been directed towards determining which cells within the orbit are targets of the autoimmune process, and how these and other cells might participate in the local inflammatory process. It is now generally agreed that orbital fibroblasts, preadipocyte fibroblasts, and adipocytes are the targeted and activated cells in GO and that full-length TSH receptor (TSHr) is expressed in these cells. Further, there is growing consensus that this receptor is up-regulated in the orbit in GO, residing primarily in newly differentiated adipocytes. However, it is also evident, given a sufficiently sensitive assay, that TSHr is detectable in fibroblasts and adipocytes from the normal orbit and other anatomic sites, as well. It will be important to determine whether the observed increase in orbital TSHr expression itself initiates the orbital autoimmune process. Also to be decided is whether orbital lymphocytes from GO patients specifically recognize this receptor, and what factor or factors unique to Graves' dIsease might stimulate TSHr expression in orbital cells.

Since 1984, we have organized satellite symposia on retinal degenerations that are held in conjunction with the biennial International Congress of Eye Research. The timing and location of our Retinal Degeneration Symposia have allowed scientists and clinicians from around the world to convene and present their exciting new findings. The symposia have been arranged to allow ample time for discussions and one-on-one interactions in a relaxed atmosphere, where international friendships and collaborations could be established. The IXth International Symposium on Retinal Degeneration was held on October 9-14, 2000 in Durango, Colorado and was attended by over 100 scientists from six continents. This book contains many of their presentations. Several events of note occurred at this meeting. First, thanks to the generous support of the Foundation Fighting Blindness, we were able to sponsor the travel of 11 young scientists from six countries. Most of them have contributed chapters to this volume. The response to the travel program was so overwhelming that we will make it regular feature of our meeting. This will allow other bright, young investigators to be introduced to the world experts who study retinal degenerations. Second, about 40% of the scientists who attended this meeting were there for the first time. We believe that this indicates a growing interest in retinal degeneration research and ensures that new talent will be attracted to this important area of investigation. The symposium received support from several organizations.

Fluorescein and Indocyanine green angiography, including the imaging of fundus autofluorescence, has been significantly improved in the last few years. The use of confocal laser technology in particular has been the most significant impro- ment: the technology is digital, fluorescein and indocyanine green angiography are seen in real time and can be used simultaneously. The clinical findings have been expanded with the addition of infrared, red-free and autofluorescence - aging. The foundations for the new fluorescence angiography atlas of Professor S. Dithmar, Heidelberg and Professor F. Holz (previously of Heidelberg) are fi- ings that have been gathered at the Heidelberg University Department of O- thalmology with the Heidelberg Angiograph 2 (HRA 2, Heidelberg Engineering. This work documents the authors' successful collaboration with the Heidelberg Engineering firm. This atlas clearly explains the technical fundamentals of fluorescence angi- raphy and the imaging of pathological fluorescence phenomena. A full chapter is devoted to fundus autofluorescence, particularly with regard to pathological fi- ings in the retinal pigment epithelium. Naturally, diseases of the macula are given particular attention, especially to age-related macular degeneration and the use of Anti-VEGF therapy. The wide spectrum of macular disorders has been expanded with attention given to retinal vascular disease, inflammatory, retinal and chor- dal diseases, disorders of the optic nerve, and the typical findings of intraocular tumors, including choroidal melanomas, choroidal metastases and choroidal hemangiomas.

This highly-illustrated, concise, but detailed, monograph represents a handy guide through the OCTA technique while examining various retinal diseases, as well as pathology of the optic nerve. It also includes descriptions of the epidemiology, etiology, clinical signs and symptoms, as well as diagnostic and treatment possibilities for every entity described.

In this exceptionally important new work, a panel of distinguished authors discusses all the latest developments in the study of ocular transporters. Focusing on the molecular characteristics, localization, and substrate specificities in various compartments of the eye, this volume discusses how transporters regulate the clarity of the cornea and lens, the movements of fluids across the ciliary epithelium and nutrients across the retinal pigment epithelium.

An exciting contribution to the field, Visual Dysfunction in Diabetes: The Science of Patient Impairment and Improvement is designed with two overriding objectives: to help readers understand the impact of vision impairment in people living daily with diabetes rather than considering diabetic retinopathy solely as a medical problem, and to explore what we know and don't know about the ways diabetes affect the eye. With the plethora of new information being generated, there are still a series of fundamental questions that must be addressed if effective treatments for diabetic retinopathy are to be found and applied. Developed by a renowned group of authorities, Visual Dysfunction in Diabetes: The Science of Patient Impairment and Improvement offers responses and context for a range of questions, such as: do metabolic factors beyond glucose contribute to vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy? If so, how do these lead to vision impairment? Is diabetic retinopathy a response to systemic metabolic abnormalities or are there unique ocular problems related to insulin resistance? What is the relationship between the neural, vascular, and inflammatory abnormalities in diabetic retinopathy? Do they represent a pathological cascade induced sequentially or simultaneous responses to one or more metabolic perturbations? The authors note that if we do not address these types of questions, it is possible that the long process of developing new therapeutic s will target only one arm of the pathology and leave the retina open to damaging consequences of the others. State-of-the-art, comprehensive, and an invaluable addition the research and clinical literature, Visual Dysfunction in Diabetes: The Science of Patient Impairment and Improvement offers guidance and a significant step toward new scientific approaches that can lessen the devastating vision impairment associated with diabetes.

Part of the new series Gems of Ophthalmology, this book provides the latest information in the diagnosis and management of diseases of the cornea and sclera. Beginning with an overview of corneal topography, the following chapters compare LASIK and SMILE procedures for refractive surgery, and their potential complications. The remaining sections discuss numerous disorders, covering both common conditions and more complex, less common infections such as fungal keratitis and acanthamoeba keratitis. Corneal dystrophies and their latest classification and management are explained in depth, as is DALK (Deep Anterior Lamellar Keratoplasty). A chapter on corneal changes in contact lens wearers, is also included. This comprehensive text is further enhanced by clinical and surgical photographs. Other topics in the series include: Diseases of the Uvea, Glaucoma, and Retina. Key points Comprehensive guide to diagnosis and management of diseases of the cornea and sclera Part of the new Gems of Ophthalmology series Covers many common and more complex disorders and infections Other topics in the series include: Diseases of the Uvea, Glaucoma, and Retina

Glaucoma remains one of the leading causes of blindness. Laser scanning tomography has gained an indispensable role in the ophthalmologic diagnosis, especially in the long-term follow-up of glaucoma. Confocal laser scanning ophthalmoscopy provides key insights into the three-dimensional anatomy of the optic disc in vivo. This unique atlas contains superb images of all clinically relevant diseases diagnosed by current models of the Heidelberg Retina Tomograph. It correlates classical diagnostic tools like perimetry and fundus photography with state-of-the-art studies including digital retinal angiography, optical coherence tomography and laser scanning tomography. Special features include the illustrated coverage of:

Diseases of the optic nerve head; different types and stages of glaucoma, non-glaucomatous neuropathy and papilledema; automated classification procedures for the detection of glaucoma; strategies for the interpretation of follow-up results in optic disc monitoring.

Macular diseases: the shortly released Retina Module expands the diagnostic spectrum of laser scanning ophthalmoscopy significantly, adding measuring and monitoring of diabetic and cystoid macular edema.

This atlas is the most comprehensive up-to-date reference of laser scanning ophthalmoscopy available, ideal for residents and general ophthalmologists who want to enhance their diagnostic skills.