The eleventh Symposium of the International Research Group on Colour Vision Deficiencies (IRGCVD) was held 20-23 June 1991 in Sydney, Aus tralia, ably hosted by local organizer Stephen Dain. A total of 35 talks and 10 posters were presented. Papers based on 37 of these presentations are included here, in Colour Vision Deficiencies XI. The scientific program featured sessions on three special topics, with each topic highlighted by an invited speaker. The opening session on the Genetics of congenital colour vision deficiencies began with a superb invited lecture by Charles Weitz about his pioneering work on the molecular genetics of tritanopia. The session on the second special topic, Spatial aspects of colour vision, began with the launching of a new IRGCVD tradition, as 1991 Verriest Memorial Award recipient Harry Sperling presented the first Ver riest Memorial Lecture on his recent studies of spatial discrimination of heterochromatic stimuli. Dr. Sperling reported new evidence that certain asymmetries in red-green opponent colour vision can be explained by the spatial organization of colour-opponent retinal neurons. In the third special session, on Occupational aspects of colour vision, Barry Cole took the audi ence on a fascinating tour of the historical development of colour vision standards in his invited lecture entitled 'Does defective colour vision really matter?'. In addition to the three special topics, many interesting presentations were given in topical sessions on Variations in normal colour vision, Acquired colour vision deficiencies and Colour vision tests and testing methods."

Cytopathologic, Physiologic, Diagnostic and Clinical Aspects of Retinal Degeneration: Histochemical Comparison of Ocular Drusen in Bruch's Membrane and Drusen in Eyes from Normal and Age-Related Macular Degeneration Donors; M. Kamei, et al. Animal Models of Retinal Degeneration: Development of a Model for Macular Degeneration; P.E. Rakoczy, et al. Subretinal Iodoacetate: A Model of Retinal Degeneration in Cats; J.C. Huang, et al. Mechanisms of Retinal Degeneration and Cell Death: Nitric Oxide-Induced Increases in Retinal cGMP: A Role in Photoreceptor Degenerations; I. Morgan, J.W. Wellard. Candidate Genes, Cloning Mapping and Other Molecular Genetics of Retinal Degeneration: Isolation of Candidate Genes for Retinal Degenerations; G. Inana, et al. Transplantation, Gene Therapy and Cell Rescue: bFGF Transfected Iris Pigment Epithelial Cells Rescue Photoreceptor Cell Degeneration in RCS Rats; M. Tamai, et al. Structural, Physiologic and Ageing Correlates of Retinal Degeneration. Further Studies on the Phagocytosis of Photoreceptor Outer Segments by Rat Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells; M.O. Hall. 36 Additional Articles. Index.

Intravitreal injections (injections into the eye) are a new form of treatment for various conditions such as age-related macular degeneration, diabetic eye disease and vascular eye problems. The use of these injections has become so widespread that most departments around the world (and particularly in the U.K) do not have enough doctors to meet the service provision demands of an ever increasing number of patients. Many departments have trialed training ophthalmic nurse practitioners as a solution and the number of such specifically trained nurses is set to rise exponentially in the future. This book is meant to be an easy to carry A5 handbook detailing all that an ophthalmic nurse practitioner needs to know about performing the procedure. It is hoped that the book will also be of benefit to trainee ophthalmologists learning the procedure.As this is an emerging area of expertise in ophthalmology, currently there exists no other books on the topic. The readers will benefit from having a single resource detailing all that they need to know about the procedure. This means that nurses will not have to cross reference multiple complicated ophthalmic textbooks. As an A5 handbook, it will be easy to carry and reference in clinics. It is deliberately meant to be concise (around 100 pages), thus concentrating only on the core knowledge required.

Therapeutic Targets For Diabetic Retinopathy: A Translational Approach offers a consolidated view of this complex disorder by summarizing the latest evidence-based studies and translating their findings into practical, actionable knowledge. This concise resource covers the fundamentals of diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema with an emphasis on basic science and therapeutic targets on the horizon. Ophthalmologists, optometrists, and researchers will find the translational approach to this common eye disorder to be useful in both research and clinical practice settings. Takes a concise yet comprehensive approach to diabetic eye disorders, covering basic science as well as therapeutic agents with both current and future clinical applications. Covers current diagnostic and management guidelines as well developments on the horizon that are likely to improve patient outcomes. Explains the pathophysiological mechanisms of diabetic retinopathy and diabetic macular edema from both a basic and clinical perspective, helping readers seek promising new therapeutic targets. Consolidates today's available information on this timely topic into a single, convenient resource.

Digital fundus images can effectively diagnose glaucoma and diabetes retinopathy, while infrared imaging can show changes in the vascular tissues. Likening the eye to the conventional camera, Image Analysis and Modeling in Ophthalmology explores the application of advanced image processing in ocular imaging. This book considers how images can be used to effectively diagnose ophthalmologic problems. It introduces multi-modality image processing algorithms as a means for analyzing subtle changes in the eye. It details eye imaging, textural imaging, and modeling, and highlights specific imaging and modeling techniques. The book covers the detection of diabetes retinopathy, glaucoma, anterior segment eye abnormalities, instruments on detection of glaucoma, and development of human eye models using computational fluid dynamics and heat transfer principles to predict inner temperatures of the eye from its surface temperature. It presents an ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) system for anterior chamber angle imaging and proposes an automated anterior segment eye disease classification system that can be used for early disease diagnosis and treatment management. It focuses on the segmentation of the blood vessels in high-resolution retinal images and describes the integration of the image processing methodologies in a web-based framework aimed at retinal analysis. The authors introduce the A-Levelset algorithm, explore the ARGALI system to calculate the cup-to-disc ratio (CDR), and describe the Singapore Eye Vessel Assessment (SIVA) system, a holistic tool which brings together various technologies from image processing and artificial intelligence to construct vascular models from retinal images. The text furnishes the working principles of mechanical and optical instruments for the diagnosis and healthcare administration of glaucoma, reviews state-of-the-art CDR calculation detail, and discusses the existing methods and databases. Image Analysis and Modeling in Ophthalmology includes the latest research development in the field of eye modeling and the multi-modality image processing techniques in ocular imaging. It addresses the differences, performance measures, advantages and disadvantages of various approaches, and provides extensive reviews on related fields.

Many of the studies discussed in this book were addition to discussions of a variety of hormonal, presented at the First Pan American Congress of biochemical, immunological, physical, and me Andrology, which was held in Caracas, Venezuela, chanical approaches. It is our hope that the efforts in March 1979. An international group of in of the contributors will help to intensify research vestigators have contributed reviews designed to and development of improved methods for safely be informative to medical, graduate, and post regulating male fertility. graduate students, as well as clinicians and in vestigators working in the area of male reproduc G. R. CUNNINGHAM tion. Current physiological concepts that may W. B. SCHILL provide insight for new initiatives are examined in E. S. E. HAFEZ TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface v Contributors IX Foreword by C. SCHIRREN XI 1. PHYSIOLOGY OF MALE REPRODUCTION 1. Hormonal regulation of testicular function 5 P. FRANCHIMONT 2. Inhibin: new gonadal hormone 15 P. FRANCHIMONT, A. DEMOULIN, J. VERSTRAELEN-PROYARD, M. T. HAZEE-HAGELSTEIN, and J. P. BOURGUIGNON 3. Morphological features of the epididymis: possible significance in male contraception 25 T. D. GLOVER 4. Regulatory physiology of male accessory organs 35 E. S. E. HAFEZ and G. R. CUNNINGHAM 5. Methods for evaluating contraceptive techniques 41 T. Z. HOMONNAI and F. G. PAZ II. HORMONAL CONTRACEPTION 6. Inhibition of male reproductive processes with an LH-RH agonist 55 A. CORBIN and F. J. BEX 7."

Originally published in 1989, much was known about blindness, but the field was divided into specialties. Experts in the different areas were widely dispersed among university departments, rehabilitation agencies, and school systems, with the result that people in one specialty area often knew little about developments in other areas. It was hoped that this work would be useful in reducing that isolation, by presenting, within a single volume, basic information derived from different approaches to the subject of blindness. Individuals already familiar with material in some of the chapters could gain added perspective on the field as a whole by reading about other aspects of blindness outside their specialty area.

Ocular Surface Disease: Cornea, Conjunctiva and Tear Film incorporates current research and the latest management strategies as well as classification systems and treatment paradigms for all forms of ocular surface disease. This is the first comprehensive resource that helps you to meet ocular surface disease challenges effectively using today's best medical and surgical approaches. Get the complete, evidence-based guidance you need to provide optimal care for your patients with ocular surface disease. Implement the latest drug treatments and surgical interventions to provide better outcomes with fewer complications. Hone and expand your surgical skills by watching videos of leading experts performing advanced procedures including ocular surface transplantation techniques; amniotic membrane transplantation; pterygium surgery; lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) in ocular surface disease; and keratoprosthesis surgery. Visualize how to proceed by reviewing detailed, full-color images and consulting new classification systems and treatment paradigms for mild to severe forms of ocular surface disease. Take it with you anywhere! Access the full text, downloadable image library, video clips, and more online at expertconsult.com.

Contains the proceedings of the XVI International Symposium on Retinal Degeneration (RD2014), to be held July 13-18, 2014 at the Asilomar Conference Center in Pacific Grove, California. A majority of those who will speak and present posters at the meeting will contribute to this volume. The Symposium addresses the blinding diseases of inherited retinal degenerations, which have no effective treatments and age-related macular degeneration, which has no cures, despite the fact that it is an epidemic among the elderly, with 1 in 3-4 affected by the age of 75. The RD2014 Symposium will focus on the exciting new developments aimed at understanding these diseases and providing therapies for them. The volume will present representative state-of-the-art research in almost all areas of retinal degenerations, ranging from cytopathologic, physiologic, diagnostic and clinical aspects; animal models; mechanisms of cell death; molecular genetics; and developing potential therapeutic measures such as gene therapy and neuroprotective agents for potential pharmaceutical therapy; and several sight restoration approaches, including optogenetics. While advances in these areas of retinal degenerations will be included, several new topics either were in their infancy or did not exist at the time of the last RD Symposium, RD2012. These include many new developments in sight restoration using optogenetics, retinal or RPE cell transplantation, stem cell approaches and visual prosthetic devices. In addition, major advances will be presented in other basic mechanisms in age-related macular degeneration, several new aspects of gene and antioxidant therapy and revolutionary new imaging and functional testing that will have a huge impact on the diagnosis and following the course of retinal degenerations, as well as to provide new quantitative endpoints for clinical trials. The retina is an approachable part of the central nervous system (CNS), and there is a major interest in neuroprotective and gene therapy for CNS diseases and neurodegenerations, in general. It should be noted that with successful and exciting initial clinical trials in neuroprotective and gene therapy, including the restoration of sight in blind children, the retinal degeneration therapies are leading the way towards new therapeutic measures for neurodegenerations of the CNS. Many of the successes recently reported in these areas of retinal degeneration sprang from collaborations established at previous RD Symposia, and many of those will be reported at the RD2014 meeting and included.

This book provides the first general and unified theory of visual discomfort. Based on the author's observation that people find certain visual stimuli uncomfortable--and that these same stimuli induce seizures in patients with photosensitive epilepsy--the book offers fascinating insights into a variety of visual stresses that arise from design, reading, lighting, television, and VDU terminals. A range of techniques for preventing and treating visual discomfort--from color therapy to precision tinting of spectacle lenses--are described in detail. Students and researchers in perceptual psychology, visual science, neurology, and optometry will want to read this pioneering new work.

In this 5th edition of the concise and clearly written best selling title, all the chapters have been thoroughly updated and expanded, particularly the sections on the retinal, macular, phacoemulsification, lasik, new equipment and ophthalmic drugs.The book is generously illustrated with more than 200 colour pictures and is an excellent volume for medical students, general practitioners, ophthalmic students and all paramedical personnel who have to deal with common eye diseases.

In the 6th edition of this Colour Atlas of Ophthalmology, all the chapters have been comprehensively updated to incorporate the latest advances in the understanding, diagnosis, investigations and treatment of ocular diseases. This edition has new chapters on glaucoma, trauma, global blindness with major revisions of chapters particularly cornea, cataract and retina. Photographs and images have been updated to reflect the progress in imaging systems and new diagnostic modalities. The electronic version of this book also includes short videos of common surgeries in ophthalmology. With more than 300 high quality pictures and concise text, this book will be an excellent reference for medical students, general practitioners, optometrists, paramedical personnel and community ophthalmic assistants to help understand and treat common eye diseases.

Basic and Clinical Applications of Vision Sciences contains the edited papers presented at the Enoch Vision Science Symposium, April 27-30 1996, which was organized in honor of the pioneer in vision science, Dr Jay M Enoch. Dr Enoch served for twelve years as Dean, School of Optometry, University of California, Berkeley. The book is organized along the lines of Dr. Enoch's contributions to vision science, but is not limited to these topics. Of special note, the reader will find papers on important new developments in photoreceptor, ophthalmic and visual optics, retinal imaging, ophthalmic physiology and pathophysiology, visual psychophysics and visual techniques. The papers are grouped into the following sections: photoreceptor optics; ophthalmic and visual optics; binocular vision, developmental vision, eye movements and physiology; ophthalmic dysfunction; visual psychophysics and clinical applications; history of vision science. GBP/LISTGBP

This book is a comprehensive treatise on infective and inflammatory pathologies of the cornea with corresponding clinical images and diagrammatic illustrations. Corneal infections and inflammations are a major cause of ocular morbidity and visual impairment. Early diagnosis and treatment can lead to improved visual outcome and quality of life. Both infectious (bacterial, fungal, viral and protozoan) and non-infectious keratitis that cause corneal vascularisation, scarring and vision loss are covered extensively. The illustrated clinical findings presented in the form of diagrams, photographs, cases and videos aim to serve as a practical teaching tool for fellows, trainees and practising ophthalmologists. KEY FEATURES Focuses on clinically relevant parts of corneal diseases, using illustrations with arrows indicating different pathologies and signs Serves as a ready clinical compendium for trainees, fellows and ophthalmologists Explores various corneal pathologies through a wealth of accompanying illustrations and teaching videos

A sound knowledge of basic sciences is vital for any doctor with an interest in ophthalmology, and is a significant part of all postgraduate examinations in the subject. Featuring 640 multiple choice questions, this is a comprehensive revision guide for candidates taking the basic sciences component of the FRCOphth and ICO examinations. It is highly recommended for ophthalmologists of all grades, ranging from juniors completing ICO basic sciences and FRCOphth examinations to seniors wishing to refresh their knowledge and revalidate. This book is divided into relevant chapters with topics that follow logically, offering a thorough approach to revision and exam practice. Each chapter includes questions in both the FRCOphth (SBA) and ICO (true or false) formats. Detailed, referenced answers are provided to aid comprehension, with difficulty levels allocated for each question to gauge personal progress.

Mycotic keratitis, also known asfungal keratitis, is commonly defined as an inflammation of the cornea. Globally, mycotic keratitis is more common as compared to others eye disorders. Though it occurs in all parts of the world it is more prevalent in tropical and subtropical areas. Mycotic Keratitis emphasizes novel perspectives on mycotic keratitis treatments and addresses different therapies used in treatment. The book is designed to be immensely useful for the students and teachers of microbiology, medicine, mycology, ophthalmology, biotechnology and nanotechnology. Medical microbiology researchers in general and medical mycology in particular will find it a valuable user-friendly book.

Patienthood and Communication is an engagingly personal narrative detailing the author's experience living with, and adapting to, a degenerative and incurable eye disease (MacTel). Beyond the personal, this poignant story more broadly illustrates the ways in which communication enables individuals to adjust to serious health threats. Author and subject Peter Kellett highlights his important interactions with health care providers, family members, friends, colleagues, students, and others that provide shape to his journey. Kellett displays a compelling capacity for self-reflection in his descriptions of the life changes his vision loss imposes upon him, among them changes to his identity, in relationships and life plans. Adaptation and flexibility reveal themselves as central tenets of his learning to become a self-empowered patient. Perhaps the most crucial element to his adjustment is, however, positive communication, which is depicted throughout the book as the driving force in Kellett's journey into patienthood.

Providing an ideal balance of theory and practice, Low Vision: Principles and Management covers all aspects of providing effective eye care to individuals with visual impairment. This concise yet comprehensive resource covers everything from theoretical background to current rehabilitative aids and low vision treatment strategies-all while adopting a practical approach to vision care. It brings practising eye care professionals and students fully up to date with current optical and electronic devices and how they are used in everyday practice, as well as evidence-based vision rehabilitation guidelines. Features comprehensive guidance on visual rehabilitation for acuity loss and visual field loss. Describes a wealth of practical advice and real-world case scenarios to help guide your day-to-day patient interactions as well as your most challenging situations. Covers hot topics, including the link between mental health and low vision, assistive technologies, measures of quality of life and other outcome measures, WHO classifications of visual impairment, and best practices for auditing and commissioning vision services. Contains over 200 diagrams, illustrations, and patient photos to aid in visual understanding. Explains how eye care professionals can work within a multi-disciplinary team to provide complete care. An eBook version is included with purchase. The eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures and references, with the ability to search, customize your content, make notes and highlights, and have content read aloud.

The visual field refers to the total area in which objects can be seen in the side (peripheral) vision when the eyes are focused on a central point. Glaucoma is a condition of the eye in which the optic nerve is damaged due to increased fluid pressure in the eye. If untreated or uncontrolled, glaucoma first causes peripheral vision loss and eventually can lead to blindness. A visual field test is a method of measuring an individual's entire scope of vision, that is their central and peripheral (side) vision. The test is most frequently used to help detect glaucoma but may also be used for detection of central or peripheral diseases of the retina, eyelid conditions such as drooping (ptosis), optic nerve damage and disease, and conditions affecting the visual pathways from the optic nerve to the area of the brain (occipital cortex) where this information is processed into vision. The fourth edition of this comprehensive text provides ophthalmologists and trainees with a guide to the interpretation of visual field tests and subsequent diagnosis and management of ocular disorders. The book has been fully revised and features additional topics including two new classification systems for glaucoma. Nearly 800 clinical photographs and diagrams further enhance learning. Key points Comprehensive guide to interpretation of visual field tests and diagnosis of ocular disorders Fully revised fourth edition featuring many new topics Features nearly 800 clinical photographs and diagrams Previous edition (9788184488661) published in 2008

Elizabeth Rakcozy and a team of leading clinical and experimental scientists describe in step-by-step detail the key techniques essential to effective molecular biological research in ophthalmology and optometry. These readily reproducible methods are adapted to the special requirements of vision research, with coverage that ranges from the most basic to the most sophisticated technologies. Included are methods for the down-regulation of gene expression, new gene therapy techniques, and for the development of transgenic and knockout animal models for testing novel therapies. Eminently accessible and clinically relevant, Vision Research Protocols provides experimental and biomedical investigators in ophthalmology and optometry with a rich panoply of most powerful tools with which to ask--and answer--all the important questions emerging from the dramatically advancing work in vision research today.

This book addresses diabetic retinopathy, an eye disease that remains one of the main causes of vision loss if not diagnosed and managed properly. It aims to cover the entire spectrum of the disease by describing its clinical identification and characterization, pathophysiology, epidemiology, and medical and surgical management. Diabetic Retinopathy also offers a complete overview of the present understanding of diabetic retinopathy, covering current practice but also including original contributions that offer novel perspectives for looking at and addressing this disease.

The author has dedicated his lifetime to the study of diabetic retinal disease and has organized this book around his personal experience but at the same time giving the necessary information for updated management of diabetic retinopathy. Diabetic Retinopathy will be especially useful for postgraduate students in diabetology, retina specialists and researchers.

This handbook is designed to help shape the thought processes of the eye clinician or trainee and guide them toward the right decision-making pathway in emergency ophthalmology situations. Chapters are titled by the way cases present to eye casualty rather than condition, along with an algorithmic approach on what clinical and laboratory investigations to carry out. There is also guidance on how to perform simple procedures. It is aimed at trainees, general ophthalmologists and those with an interest from allied specialties (including specialist nurses) and professions such as optometrists and emergency medicine doctors. Key Features Stresses safe and practical navigation of common eye symptoms presented in an emergency setting. Provides guidance on differential diagnosis and includes useful decision-making flowcharts. Emphasizes "how to" approach the eye casualty patient. Shows what can be expected at each stage of the eye injury patient encounter. Presents information appropriate for the entire multi-disciplinary eye casualty team

Glaucoma is one of the main causes of blindness throughout the world. It is characterized by death of the retinal ganglion cells, which is associated with loss of the axons making up the optic nerve. Recent studies have demonstrated support for the classification of glaucoma as a degenerative disease of the central nervous system (CNS). The search for treatment modalities that are effective for all patients with glaucoma has resulted in numerous studies aimed at identifying neuroprotection strategies for the treatment of this disease, like those used for other degenerative diseases of the CNS.
The present book will provide an in-depth examination of the most recent findings regarding glaucoma, including risk factors, diagnosis, clinical monitoring, treatment, and above all, the need for treatment based on the concept of neuroprotection. A large part of the book is devoted to research related to this new approach to the treatment of glaucoma. Aspects that will be analyzed include experimental models of glaucoma, clinical protocols for the study of neuroprotective therapies, mechanisms underlying glaucomatous damage to neurons of the retina and other "stations" in the visual pathways of the CNS, and finally proposals for new strategies for preventing neuronal injury in glaucoma patients.
* Describes the most recent developments on neuroprotection of the optic nerve, including experimental models now used and clinical protocols
* Discusses new strategies for the prevention of neuronal injury in glaucoma patients
* Focuses on evidence-based risk factors, innovative diagnostic aspects and advanced medical/surgical treatment of glaucoma

Filling the need for a succinct, up-to-date guide in the management of sight-threatening disorders, this source provides a clear and practical approach to the treatment and analysis of posterior segment intraocular inflammatory conditions. Practical Manual of Intraocular Inflammation includes:

• full coverage of diagnosis, clinical assessment, and management of symptoms
• descriptions of external inflammatory conditions, as well as uveitis
• full-color algorithms, scientific charts, schematic illustrations, and clinical photographs

With over 60 color images, ophthalmologists, optometrists, and primary care physicians will find this source well-illustrated and documented, making this reference indispensable to any eye and vision practice.

Glaucoma surgery is difficult and fraught with complications. Some complications are common and mild, while others are rare and/or vision threatening. However, good outcomes are still likely if those complications encountered are managed properly. This book is intended for those surgeons wishing to improve their skills and abilities to manage difficult problems that will come up during the care of glaucoma patients. Comprising seven comprehensive sections, chapters in this volume address outflow mechanisms after glaucoma surgery, wound healing processes and modulators, complications in filtering surgery, tube shunt implantation, and angle procedures, among other topics. The authors of each chapter provide surgical and clinical pearls not only for managing difficulties but in preventing them as well. Additionally, because each surgeon has their own way of addressing a particular situation, there is commentary at the end of each chapter to provide another opinion or strategy for dealing with a particular surgical scenario. Cross-referencing is provided throughout this book to direct the reader to as many helpful sections as possible. Both thorough and highly-illustrative, this book will help both new and experienced glaucoma surgeons deal with complications and provide successful results for their patients.