Many of the studies discussed in this book were addition to discussions of a variety of hormonal, presented at the First Pan American Congress of biochemical, immunological, physical, and me Andrology, which was held in Caracas, Venezuela, chanical approaches. It is our hope that the efforts in March 1979. An international group of in of the contributors will help to intensify research vestigators have contributed reviews designed to and development of improved methods for safely be informative to medical, graduate, and post regulating male fertility. graduate students, as well as clinicians and in vestigators working in the area of male reproduc G. R. CUNNINGHAM tion. Current physiological concepts that may W. B. SCHILL provide insight for new initiatives are examined in E. S. E. HAFEZ TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface v Contributors IX Foreword by C. SCHIRREN XI 1. PHYSIOLOGY OF MALE REPRODUCTION 1. Hormonal regulation of testicular function 5 P. FRANCHIMONT 2. Inhibin: new gonadal hormone 15 P. FRANCHIMONT, A. DEMOULIN, J. VERSTRAELEN-PROYARD, M. T. HAZEE-HAGELSTEIN, and J. P. BOURGUIGNON 3. Morphological features of the epididymis: possible significance in male contraception 25 T. D. GLOVER 4. Regulatory physiology of male accessory organs 35 E. S. E. HAFEZ and G. R. CUNNINGHAM 5. Methods for evaluating contraceptive techniques 41 T. Z. HOMONNAI and F. G. PAZ II. HORMONAL CONTRACEPTION 6. Inhibition of male reproductive processes with an LH-RH agonist 55 A. CORBIN and F. J. BEX 7."

Digital fundus images can effectively diagnose glaucoma and diabetes retinopathy, while infrared imaging can show changes in the vascular tissues. Likening the eye to the conventional camera, Image Analysis and Modeling in Ophthalmology explores the application of advanced image processing in ocular imaging. This book considers how images can be used to effectively diagnose ophthalmologic problems. It introduces multi-modality image processing algorithms as a means for analyzing subtle changes in the eye. It details eye imaging, textural imaging, and modeling, and highlights specific imaging and modeling techniques. The book covers the detection of diabetes retinopathy, glaucoma, anterior segment eye abnormalities, instruments on detection of glaucoma, and development of human eye models using computational fluid dynamics and heat transfer principles to predict inner temperatures of the eye from its surface temperature. It presents an ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) system for anterior chamber angle imaging and proposes an automated anterior segment eye disease classification system that can be used for early disease diagnosis and treatment management. It focuses on the segmentation of the blood vessels in high-resolution retinal images and describes the integration of the image processing methodologies in a web-based framework aimed at retinal analysis. The authors introduce the A-Levelset algorithm, explore the ARGALI system to calculate the cup-to-disc ratio (CDR), and describe the Singapore Eye Vessel Assessment (SIVA) system, a holistic tool which brings together various technologies from image processing and artificial intelligence to construct vascular models from retinal images. The text furnishes the working principles of mechanical and optical instruments for the diagnosis and healthcare administration of glaucoma, reviews state-of-the-art CDR calculation detail, and discusses the existing methods and databases. Image Analysis and Modeling in Ophthalmology includes the latest research development in the field of eye modeling and the multi-modality image processing techniques in ocular imaging. It addresses the differences, performance measures, advantages and disadvantages of various approaches, and provides extensive reviews on related fields.

Ocular Surface Disease: Cornea, Conjunctiva and Tear Film incorporates current research and the latest management strategies as well as classification systems and treatment paradigms for all forms of ocular surface disease. This is the first comprehensive resource that helps you to meet ocular surface disease challenges effectively using today's best medical and surgical approaches. Get the complete, evidence-based guidance you need to provide optimal care for your patients with ocular surface disease. Implement the latest drug treatments and surgical interventions to provide better outcomes with fewer complications. Hone and expand your surgical skills by watching videos of leading experts performing advanced procedures including ocular surface transplantation techniques; amniotic membrane transplantation; pterygium surgery; lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) in ocular surface disease; and keratoprosthesis surgery. Visualize how to proceed by reviewing detailed, full-color images and consulting new classification systems and treatment paradigms for mild to severe forms of ocular surface disease. Take it with you anywhere! Access the full text, downloadable image library, video clips, and more online at expertconsult.com.

This book provides the first general and unified theory of visual discomfort. Based on the author's observation that people find certain visual stimuli uncomfortable--and that these same stimuli induce seizures in patients with photosensitive epilepsy--the book offers fascinating insights into a variety of visual stresses that arise from design, reading, lighting, television, and VDU terminals. A range of techniques for preventing and treating visual discomfort--from color therapy to precision tinting of spectacle lenses--are described in detail. Students and researchers in perceptual psychology, visual science, neurology, and optometry will want to read this pioneering new work.

Contains the proceedings of the XVI International Symposium on Retinal Degeneration (RD2014), to be held July 13-18, 2014 at the Asilomar Conference Center in Pacific Grove, California. A majority of those who will speak and present posters at the meeting will contribute to this volume. The Symposium addresses the blinding diseases of inherited retinal degenerations, which have no effective treatments and age-related macular degeneration, which has no cures, despite the fact that it is an epidemic among the elderly, with 1 in 3-4 affected by the age of 75. The RD2014 Symposium will focus on the exciting new developments aimed at understanding these diseases and providing therapies for them. The volume will present representative state-of-the-art research in almost all areas of retinal degenerations, ranging from cytopathologic, physiologic, diagnostic and clinical aspects; animal models; mechanisms of cell death; molecular genetics; and developing potential therapeutic measures such as gene therapy and neuroprotective agents for potential pharmaceutical therapy; and several sight restoration approaches, including optogenetics. While advances in these areas of retinal degenerations will be included, several new topics either were in their infancy or did not exist at the time of the last RD Symposium, RD2012. These include many new developments in sight restoration using optogenetics, retinal or RPE cell transplantation, stem cell approaches and visual prosthetic devices. In addition, major advances will be presented in other basic mechanisms in age-related macular degeneration, several new aspects of gene and antioxidant therapy and revolutionary new imaging and functional testing that will have a huge impact on the diagnosis and following the course of retinal degenerations, as well as to provide new quantitative endpoints for clinical trials. The retina is an approachable part of the central nervous system (CNS), and there is a major interest in neuroprotective and gene therapy for CNS diseases and neurodegenerations, in general. It should be noted that with successful and exciting initial clinical trials in neuroprotective and gene therapy, including the restoration of sight in blind children, the retinal degeneration therapies are leading the way towards new therapeutic measures for neurodegenerations of the CNS. Many of the successes recently reported in these areas of retinal degeneration sprang from collaborations established at previous RD Symposia, and many of those will be reported at the RD2014 meeting and included.

Basic and Clinical Applications of Vision Sciences contains the edited papers presented at the Enoch Vision Science Symposium, April 27-30 1996, which was organized in honor of the pioneer in vision science, Dr Jay M Enoch. Dr Enoch served for twelve years as Dean, School of Optometry, University of California, Berkeley. The book is organized along the lines of Dr. Enoch's contributions to vision science, but is not limited to these topics. Of special note, the reader will find papers on important new developments in photoreceptor, ophthalmic and visual optics, retinal imaging, ophthalmic physiology and pathophysiology, visual psychophysics and visual techniques. The papers are grouped into the following sections: photoreceptor optics; ophthalmic and visual optics; binocular vision, developmental vision, eye movements and physiology; ophthalmic dysfunction; visual psychophysics and clinical applications; history of vision science. GBP/LISTGBP

This comprehensive, clinically-grounded textbook, now in its fourth edition, supports orthoptists and ophthalmologists in decision-making through the patient care process, from presentation to discharge. Written by authors with extensive experience in teaching and research, Diagnosis and Management of Ocular Motility Disorders offers a clear and practical overview of assessment and management principles and further explores the clinical features of specific disorders, from amblyopia and infantile strabismus to supranuclear and infranuclear disorders, as well as other miscellaneous disorders of ocular movement. A brand new chapter on congenital cranial dysinnervation disorders reflects recent advances in gene mapping and increased understanding of this condition, and a new appendix provides surgical dose tables for easy reference. Now in full colour throughout, with additional diagrams and photographs of surgical techniques, this remains the key reference text for orthoptic and ophthalmic professionals managing patients with eye movement disorders.

A sound knowledge of basic sciences is vital for any doctor with an interest in ophthalmology, and is a significant part of all postgraduate examinations in the subject. Featuring 640 multiple choice questions, this is a comprehensive revision guide for candidates taking the basic sciences component of the FRCOphth and ICO examinations. It is highly recommended for ophthalmologists of all grades, ranging from juniors completing ICO basic sciences and FRCOphth examinations to seniors wishing to refresh their knowledge and revalidate. This book is divided into relevant chapters with topics that follow logically, offering a thorough approach to revision and exam practice. Each chapter includes questions in both the FRCOphth (SBA) and ICO (true or false) formats. Detailed, referenced answers are provided to aid comprehension, with difficulty levels allocated for each question to gauge personal progress.

The Macula, Aging and Macular Degeneration: Lipofuscin in Aged and AMD Eyes (C.D. Dorey et al.). Retinoid Reaction Products in AgeRelated Retinal Degeneration (G.E. Eldred). Retinitis Pigmentosa and Allied Retinal Degenerations: Heterogeneity of Usher Syndrome Type I (R. Ayyagari et al.). Studies Toward the Isolation of the RP3 Gene (A.F. Roux et al.). Studies of Retinal Degeneration Using Transgenic Mice and Other Animal Models: Creating Transgenic Mouse Models of Photoreceptor Degeneration Caused by Mutations in the Rhodopsin Gene (F. Wong). Systematic Alterations in Docosahexaenoic Acid Metabolism in Inherited Retinal Degenerations (N.G. Bazan et al.). Agents Which Cause or Prevent Retinal Degeneration: Growth Factors as Possible Therapeutic Agents for Retinal Degeneration (M.M. LaVail et al.). The Effect of Naphthalene on the Retina of Rabbit (N. Orzalesi et al.). 27 additional articles. Index.

Mycotic keratitis, also known asfungal keratitis, is commonly defined as an inflammation of the cornea. Globally, mycotic keratitis is more common as compared to others eye disorders. Though it occurs in all parts of the world it is more prevalent in tropical and subtropical areas. Mycotic Keratitis emphasizes novel perspectives on mycotic keratitis treatments and addresses different therapies used in treatment. The book is designed to be immensely useful for the students and teachers of microbiology, medicine, mycology, ophthalmology, biotechnology and nanotechnology. Medical microbiology researchers in general and medical mycology in particular will find it a valuable user-friendly book.

Ocular Surface, Lids, Tears: The Evolution of Lid Margin Changes in Blepharitis; A.J. Bron, J.M. Tiffany. Corneal Transplantation and Eye Banking: Stromal Hydrodelamination Technique in Deep Lamellar Keratoplasty with Complete Removal of Pathologic Stroma; J.Sugita. Corneal Stroma and Endothelium: An Update on Corneal Hydration Control; J. Fischbarg, D.M. Maurice. Refractive Surgery I: Corneal Tattooing to Treat Glare Symptoms Following Radial Keratotomy; G.J. Florakis et al. Molecular Biology, Cellular Biology, and Genetics: Wound Healing Modulators in Tear Fluid T. Tervo, M. Vesaluoma. Contact Lenses: The Effect of Contact Lenses on the Conjunctiva P.C. Donshik. Microbial Keratitis-Viral: The Biology and Pathology of Varicella Zoster Virus in the Ganglion; T.J. Liesegang. Keratoconus: The Case for Eye Rubbing as the Major Cause of Keratoconus; J.H. Krachmer. Non-Microbial Keratitis and Immunology: Abstracts of Conference Presentations. World Corneal Health: Childhood Keratitis: Epidemiological and Microbiological Study; A. Panda et al. Microbial Keratitis-Non-Viral: Refractive Surgery II: 38 additional articles. Index.

Elizabeth Rakcozy and a team of leading clinical and experimental scientists describe in step-by-step detail the key techniques essential to effective molecular biological research in ophthalmology and optometry. These readily reproducible methods are adapted to the special requirements of vision research, with coverage that ranges from the most basic to the most sophisticated technologies. Included are methods for the down-regulation of gene expression, new gene therapy techniques, and for the development of transgenic and knockout animal models for testing novel therapies. Eminently accessible and clinically relevant, Vision Research Protocols provides experimental and biomedical investigators in ophthalmology and optometry with a rich panoply of most powerful tools with which to ask--and answer--all the important questions emerging from the dramatically advancing work in vision research today.

This book is a comprehensive treatise on infective and inflammatory pathologies of the cornea with corresponding clinical images and diagrammatic illustrations. Corneal infections and inflammations are a major cause of ocular morbidity and visual impairment. Early diagnosis and treatment can lead to improved visual outcome and quality of life. Both infectious (bacterial, fungal, viral and protozoan) and non-infectious keratitis that cause corneal vascularisation, scarring and vision loss are covered extensively. The illustrated clinical findings presented in the form of diagrams, photographs, cases and videos aim to serve as a practical teaching tool for fellows, trainees and practising ophthalmologists. KEY FEATURES Focuses on clinically relevant parts of corneal diseases, using illustrations with arrows indicating different pathologies and signs Serves as a ready clinical compendium for trainees, fellows and ophthalmologists Explores various corneal pathologies through a wealth of accompanying illustrations and teaching videos

Neuro-ophthalmology, like in any field of medicine, has many areas where controversy exists in diagnosis and treatment. Controversies in Neuro-Ophthalmology provides a comprehensive overview on the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of neuro-ophthalmic disorders and specifically addresses areas where there is a general lack of consensus amongst practitioners. Each chapter opens with a case to illustrate a pertinent controversy and then poses a clinical question. The issue is then discussed by world leading experts to provide a balanced viewpoint. Designed to foster vigorous debate among colleagues, this book is essential reading for neuro-ophthalmologists, ophthalmologists, and neurologists.

Glaucoma is one of the main causes of blindness throughout the world. It is characterized by death of the retinal ganglion cells, which is associated with loss of the axons making up the optic nerve. Recent studies have demonstrated support for the classification of glaucoma as a degenerative disease of the central nervous system (CNS). The search for treatment modalities that are effective for all patients with glaucoma has resulted in numerous studies aimed at identifying neuroprotection strategies for the treatment of this disease, like those used for other degenerative diseases of the CNS.
The present book will provide an in-depth examination of the most recent findings regarding glaucoma, including risk factors, diagnosis, clinical monitoring, treatment, and above all, the need for treatment based on the concept of neuroprotection. A large part of the book is devoted to research related to this new approach to the treatment of glaucoma. Aspects that will be analyzed include experimental models of glaucoma, clinical protocols for the study of neuroprotective therapies, mechanisms underlying glaucomatous damage to neurons of the retina and other "stations" in the visual pathways of the CNS, and finally proposals for new strategies for preventing neuronal injury in glaucoma patients.
* Describes the most recent developments on neuroprotection of the optic nerve, including experimental models now used and clinical protocols
* Discusses new strategies for the prevention of neuronal injury in glaucoma patients
* Focuses on evidence-based risk factors, innovative diagnostic aspects and advanced medical/surgical treatment of glaucoma

Filling the need for a succinct, up-to-date guide in the management of sight-threatening disorders, this source provides a clear and practical approach to the treatment and analysis of posterior segment intraocular inflammatory conditions. Practical Manual of Intraocular Inflammation includes:

• full coverage of diagnosis, clinical assessment, and management of symptoms
• descriptions of external inflammatory conditions, as well as uveitis
• full-color algorithms, scientific charts, schematic illustrations, and clinical photographs

With over 60 color images, ophthalmologists, optometrists, and primary care physicians will find this source well-illustrated and documented, making this reference indispensable to any eye and vision practice.

Providing an ideal balance of theory and practice, Low Vision: Principles and Management covers all aspects of providing effective eye care to individuals with visual impairment. This concise yet comprehensive resource covers everything from theoretical background to current rehabilitative aids and low vision treatment strategies-all while adopting a practical approach to vision care. It brings practising eye care professionals and students fully up to date with current optical and electronic devices and how they are used in everyday practice, as well as evidence-based vision rehabilitation guidelines. Features comprehensive guidance on visual rehabilitation for acuity loss and visual field loss. Describes a wealth of practical advice and real-world case scenarios to help guide your day-to-day patient interactions as well as your most challenging situations. Covers hot topics, including the link between mental health and low vision, assistive technologies, measures of quality of life and other outcome measures, WHO classifications of visual impairment, and best practices for auditing and commissioning vision services. Contains over 200 diagrams, illustrations, and patient photos to aid in visual understanding. Explains how eye care professionals can work within a multi-disciplinary team to provide complete care. An eBook version is included with purchase. The eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures and references, with the ability to search, customize your content, make notes and highlights, and have content read aloud.

Glaucoma surgery is difficult and fraught with complications. Some complications are common and mild, while others are rare and/or vision threatening. However, good outcomes are still likely if those complications encountered are managed properly. This book is intended for those surgeons wishing to improve their skills and abilities to manage difficult problems that will come up during the care of glaucoma patients. Comprising seven comprehensive sections, chapters in this volume address outflow mechanisms after glaucoma surgery, wound healing processes and modulators, complications in filtering surgery, tube shunt implantation, and angle procedures, among other topics. The authors of each chapter provide surgical and clinical pearls not only for managing difficulties but in preventing them as well. Additionally, because each surgeon has their own way of addressing a particular situation, there is commentary at the end of each chapter to provide another opinion or strategy for dealing with a particular surgical scenario. Cross-referencing is provided throughout this book to direct the reader to as many helpful sections as possible. Both thorough and highly-illustrative, this book will help both new and experienced glaucoma surgeons deal with complications and provide successful results for their patients.

"Combines academic depth with clear clinical explanation; still the best visual optics textbook around." Professor Roger Anderson, Vision Science, University of Ulster "Essential reading for all those interested in the optics of the eye and the measurement of vision and ocular characteristics" Dr Colin Fowler, Optometry & Vision Sciences, Aston University "Bennett & Rabbetts' clinical visual optics cleverly explores and combines the founding principles, clinical relevance and some more advanced aspects of optical techniques, instrumentation and applications in a unique and thought-provoking manner. An invaluable resource to the student, practitioner and clinical visual scientist alike." Dr James Loughnan, Optometry, Dublin Institute of Technology "Numerous clinical anecdotes bridge the gap between theory and practice, resulting in a text which will be an invaluable guide to students of optometry, researchers and practitioners alike." Dr Robert Cubbidge, Optometry & Vision Sciences, Aston University The fourth edition of this classic textbook has been brought thoroughly up to date with revised chapters on Ocular Aberrations, Visual Examination of the Eye, and Distribution and Ocular Dioptics of Ametropia. New contributors have been added and the book has been completely redesigned using colour to offer a more accessible layout and enhance the many line illustrations. The new companion website has valuable additional resources including a simulation of subjective refraction, video clips showing clinical procedures and extra appendices to the book. This comprehensive review of optics of the human eye covers: Refractive correction and the instruments used in: eye examination, measurement of visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, refractive errors, accommodation and binocular vision The side effects of spectacle and contact lens corrections The oculo-motor system and stereopsis providing a firm foundation for further study The dioptics of the eye, including its aberrations and schematic eyes Thorough theoretical chapters and clinical chapters that contribute a fundamental understanding of the procedures, together with sound practical advice The new edition of Clinical Visual Optics will be invaluable to all those studying optometry, dispensing optics and physiological optics. The depth of coverage will make it a prime source of information for the qualified practitioner or a prospective researcher in these fields. Classic text providing a comprehensive review of optics of the human eye Theoretical chapters and clinical chapters contribute to a thorough understanding of procedures Sound practical advice throughout Colour used throughout in the text and for the diagrams Revised chapters on The Schematic Eye, Ocular Aberrations, Visual Examination of the Eye, Objective Optometers, and Distribution and Ocular Dioptics of Ametropia. Completely redesigned to facilitate learning, with many text boxes, learning objectives, key points, clinical tips and exercises. Valuable online material contains multi-choice questions, FAQs, case studies and more.

Written by a leader in the field of low vision research, this book discusses the role of vision in reading, focusing on the reading performance of people with normal, healthy vision and people with impaired vision. The author describes the influence of physical properties of text on reading performance and the implications for information processing in the visual pathways. Providing an overview of seminal research, this book explores: different forms of low vision that affect reading, text characteristics that optimize reading for those with low vision, and principles underlying the legibility of text and guidelines for displaying text. Special topics include the role of the magnocellular pathway in reading and dyslexia, Braille reading, and fonts for highway signs. An accompanying CD contains reprints of the seminal series of articles by Gordon E. Legge and colleagues on the psychophysics of reading in normal and low vision, published between 1985 and 2001. This volume will be of interest to researchers and professionals in the area of low vision, including graphics engineers, HCI scientists, human factors specialists, low-vision rehabilitation specialists, opthamologists, occupational therapists, special education teachers, as well as cognitive scientists and perceptual psychologists. It is also suitable for advanced students with a background in the topic.

A compilation of selected papers, posters and lectures presented at the 29th meeting of the European Strabismological Association in Izmir, Turkey, June 2004, outlining the latest developments in the fields of eye surgery, vision screening, ophthalmology and related disciplines. The highlight of this meeting was the special lecture given by Gunter von Noorden, "History of Strabismology," included here in full.

The meeting also covered a number of important problems associated with strabismology, including ambyopia, botulinum toxin, Browna (TM)s syndrome and congenital fibrosis syndrome. In addition, new methods and techniques are outlined, giving a complete overview of the hot topics in strabismology for strabismologists, pediatric opthalmologists and orthoptists.

This reference studies the most recent advances in the development of ocular drug delivery systems. Covering methods to treat or prevent ocular inflammation, retinal vascular disease, retinal degeneration, and proliferative eye disease, this source covers breakthroughs in the management of endophthalmitis, uveitis, diabetic macular edema, and age-related macular degeneration.

Highly readable and packed with instructional photos and drawings, this book also features a separate kit for practicing lens edging layout at home. Proficiency tests for self-assessment are included for each chapter and are an excellent review for examinations.Seven new chapters cover changes in the lens industry, lens insertion, rimless and semi-rimless frames, and lens tinting and engraving Contains a centration skills booklet for practicing lens edging layout Proficiency tests for self-assessment included with each chapter Content has been completely updated, reorganized and expanded to include the most recent industry changes. Updated photos illustrate the most current types of lenses and enhance comprehension of lens finishing. Seven new chapters cover rimless and semi rimless frames; environmental and safety concerns; lens insertion and standard alignment; nylon cord and other groove mountings; lens tinting and engraving; progressive addition lenses; and lens impact and resistance testing. An appendix of specific British Standards allows the book to easily travel to the UK and other countries that fashion their dispensing programs after the UK model. The Lens Centration Skills Series provides exercises to practice lens finishing and reinforce material from the text.

Survival rates in cases of uveal melanoma and retinoblastoma - the leading intraocular malignancies in adults and children - may be high, but means of earlier diagnosis and improved treatment options are needed to preserve vision and prevent metastasis. This reference deals principally with the molecular biology and genetic factors which trigger and promote the two most common ocular tumours.

The last 20 years of research have been marked by exceptional progress in understanding the organization and functions of the primate visual system. This understanding has been based on the wide application of traditional and newly emerging methods for identifying the functionally significant subdivisions of the system, their interconnections, the response properties of their neurons, and the population responses to stimulus events.

While primates vary greatly in morphology and behavioral adaptations, all primates share certain features of the visual system. Although there are several books on vision in the market, until now no book has provided a comprehensive overview of the primate visual system. This book synthesizes the current knowledge on the anatomical and functional organization of the primate visual system and proposes new directions for research. Contributed by a multidisciplinary group of leading researchers, chapters consider a range of topics concerning various primates, including humans, and cover processing from the eye to neural codes for action, and from basic perception to memory.