An exciting contribution to the field, Visual Dysfunction in Diabetes: The Science of Patient Impairment and Improvement is designed with two overriding objectives: to help readers understand the impact of vision impairment in people living daily with diabetes rather than considering diabetic retinopathy solely as a medical problem, and to explore what we know and don't know about the ways diabetes affect the eye. With the plethora of new information being generated, there are still a series of fundamental questions that must be addressed if effective treatments for diabetic retinopathy are to be found and applied. Developed by a renowned group of authorities, Visual Dysfunction in Diabetes: The Science of Patient Impairment and Improvement offers responses and context for a range of questions, such as: do metabolic factors beyond glucose contribute to vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy? If so, how do these lead to vision impairment? Is diabetic retinopathy a response to systemic metabolic abnormalities or are there unique ocular problems related to insulin resistance? What is the relationship between the neural, vascular, and inflammatory abnormalities in diabetic retinopathy? Do they represent a pathological cascade induced sequentially or simultaneous responses to one or more metabolic perturbations? The authors note that if we do not address these types of questions, it is possible that the long process of developing new therapeutic s will target only one arm of the pathology and leave the retina open to damaging consequences of the others. State-of-the-art, comprehensive, and an invaluable addition the research and clinical literature, Visual Dysfunction in Diabetes: The Science of Patient Impairment and Improvement offers guidance and a significant step toward new scientific approaches that can lessen the devastating vision impairment associated with diabetes.

In this exceptionally important new work, a panel of distinguished authors discusses all the latest developments in the study of ocular transporters. Focusing on the molecular characteristics, localization, and substrate specificities in various compartments of the eye, this volume discusses how transporters regulate the clarity of the cornea and lens, the movements of fluids across the ciliary epithelium and nutrients across the retinal pigment epithelium.

From the 98 presentations of the XIIth Symposium on Colour Vision Deficiencies, 61 were selected after peer review and revision by the authors. In addition to these contributions this volume contains a cumulative index to all authors in the IRGCVD proceedings since the first one in 1968, including the present volume. The contents include contributions on basic questions of anatomical and electrophysiological organisation of the neural pathways underlying colour vision; and on ways in which disturbances of these pathways can produce acquired colour vision deficiencies. Further contributions deal with genetics and congenital red--green colour deficiencies and colour vision testing. The resulting publication contains much of interest to basic vision scientists as well as to specialists in colour vision deficiencies.

Glaucoma remains one of the leading causes of blindness. Laser scanning tomography has gained an indispensable role in the ophthalmologic diagnosis, especially in the long-term follow-up of glaucoma. Confocal laser scanning ophthalmoscopy provides key insights into the three-dimensional anatomy of the optic disc in vivo. This unique atlas contains superb images of all clinically relevant diseases diagnosed by current models of the Heidelberg Retina Tomograph. It correlates classical diagnostic tools like perimetry and fundus photography with state-of-the-art studies including digital retinal angiography, optical coherence tomography and laser scanning tomography. Special features include the illustrated coverage of:

Diseases of the optic nerve head; different types and stages of glaucoma, non-glaucomatous neuropathy and papilledema; automated classification procedures for the detection of glaucoma; strategies for the interpretation of follow-up results in optic disc monitoring.

Macular diseases: the shortly released Retina Module expands the diagnostic spectrum of laser scanning ophthalmoscopy significantly, adding measuring and monitoring of diabetic and cystoid macular edema.

This atlas is the most comprehensive up-to-date reference of laser scanning ophthalmoscopy available, ideal for residents and general ophthalmologists who want to enhance their diagnostic skills.

Cataract Surgery: Maximizing Outcomes Through Research provides cataract surgeons with helpful information about cataract operations based on the latest fundamental and clinical research. This book comprehensively covers a wide range of topics from the basic principles of each treatment to today's hot topics such as femtosecond laser application, cataract surgery, and new intraocular lenses (IOLs) with accommodating or light-adjustable function. Detailed cutting-edge discussion is provided in each chapter with the addition of diagrams, photographs, and tables to help readers better understand the subject. Authored by leading international experts, the book covers topics from preoperative evaluations to postoperative care including evaluation of accommodation and pseudo-accommodation, glistening and visual function, the eye's image quality with a premium IOL, IOL power calculations, pupil size and postoperative visual function, posterior capsular opacity, corneal astigmatism, femtosecond laser techniques, and more. Cataract Surgery: Maximizing Outcomes Through Research is the perfect book for cataract surgeons and general ophthalmologists who wish to update their knowledge and make use of it in their everyday medical practice.

Gonioscopy is an eye examination to look at the front part of the eye (anterior chamber), between the cornea and the iris. It is a painless procedure to see whether the area where fluid drains out of the eye is open or closed. Gonioscopy is important in diagnosing and monitoring glaucoma, an eye disease that damages the optic nerve and may result in blindness. The new edition of this text and atlas is a step by step guide to train ophthalmologists in the principles, indications, and techniques for performing gonioscopy, whilst highlighting various goniopathologies encountered in different congenital and acquired conditions. The text begins with the history, principles and indications of gonioscopy, with the following chapters providing an overview of different techniques. The book features various gonioscopy grading systems including Shaffer's System, Spaeth System, Scheie System, RPC Classification, Becker System, and Shaffer-Kanski System. The second edition features more than 600 goniophotographs illustrating different conditions discussed in the text, as well as self-assessment questions at the end of the book. Key points Step by step guide to gonioscopy covering many different techniques Features more than 600 goniophotographs Includes self-assessment questions Previous edition (9789350904343) published in 2013

Recent Developments in Graves' Ophthalmopathy offers an overview of the pathogenesis, assessment and management of patients with thyroid-associated eye disease. Each chapter is written by an expert and truly represents the current state of the art on the particular topic. This book can therefore almost be considered a textbook on this enigmatic disorder. Recent Developments in Graves' Ophthalmopathy is designed for all those interested in this disease, including basic scientists, clinical endocrinologists, ophthalmologists, radiotherapists, and orbital surgeons. The book gives a comprehensive overview of all aspects of Graves' ophthalmopathy. Subjects covered include the pathology of Graves' eye disease and the controversial views on its autoimmune pathogenesis; assessment of the eye changes using reliable measurements; medical management of Graves' eye disease with an overview of the many treatment options available to the clinician, including orbital radiotherapy and other immunosuppressive treatments; management of the thyroid disease; and finally, the techniques for performing various surgical procedures, which are explained and illustrated.

The purpose of this important new book is to provide basic scientists working in the field of glaucoma with a current understanding of the clinical aspects of glaucoma. The authors comprehensively review the most current knowledge available in the field and provide a basis in which researchers can effectively study the glaucomas. The multidisciplinary book will be of great value as its contents will aid the reader in prevention of blindness from glaucoma.

Aging research on the human eyes crosses all areas of ophthalmology and also relies upon biological, morphological, physiological, and biochemical tools for its study. This book reviews all aspects of human eye aging. In addition to descriptions of age-related changes in almost all the structures of the human eyes, the authors also include interesting accounts of personal experiments and data. It provides an extensive panorama of what happens during aging in the eye.

This book is a practical guide to the everyday use of the revolutionary technique of non-invasive, dyeless OCT angiography imaging. Beginning with an overview of the principles and technology, and terminology, the next chapter discusses practical problems of OCT Angiography that may be encountered by clinicians. The following sections cover the use of the technique for the diagnosis and management of different ocular disorders, with a final chapter providing guidance on writing an OCT Angiography report. Presented in a step by step format, the book is highly illustrated with images obtained from Optovue's Avanti Widefield OCT hardware platform and Angiovue OCT angiography software. The book is authored by a highly experienced, internationally recognised team of experts led by Prof Bruno Lumbroso from Centro Italiano Macula in Rome. Key points Practical guide to the everyday use of OCT Angiography Covers use of the technique for diagnosing and managing many different ocular disorders Most images from Optovue's Avanti Widefield OCT hardware platform and Angiovue OCT angiography software Highly experienced, well-recognised author team led by Prof Bruno Lumbroso

The human brain contains more than a billion neurons which interconnect to form networks that process, store, and recall sensory information. These neuronal activities are supported by a group of accessory brain cells coll- tively known as neuroglia. Surprisingly, glial cells are ten times more - merous than neurons, and occupy more than half the brain volume (Hyden, 1961). Although long considered a passive, albeit necessary, component of the nervous system, many interesting and unusual functional properties of glial cells are only now being brought to light. As a result, the status of these cellular elements is approaching parity with nerve cells as a subject for experimental study. The term glia (or glue) seems today to be a misnomer in view of the diverse functions attributed to glial cells. Experimental studies in the last three decades have clearly established that the behavior of glial cells is far from passive, and that they are at least as complex as neurons with regard to their membrane properties. In addition, glial cells are of importance in signal processing, cellular metabolism, nervous system development, and the pathophysiology of neurological diseases. The Muller cell of the ver- brate retina provides a splendid example of an accessory cell that exhibits features illustrating every aspect of the complex behavior now associated with glial cells.

This book describes experimental animal models that mimic common human ocular diseases: herpetic keratitis, cataract, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, uveitis, retinitis pigmentosa, Graves' disease, and intraocular tumors. In conjunction, these models reflect the diversity and utility of tools used to study human disease. World expert clinicians discuss each model based on their clinical experience and the text is supported by numerous photos and diagrams. In describing the most pertinent animal models of ophthalmic diseases, this book will be of interest to ophthalmologists, vision researchers, fellows, residents and medical students.

Describes the anatomy of the eye, eye surgery, common eye problems, interspersed with stories from my years as an ophthalmic medical illustrator for some of the nation's most skilled and outstanding eye surgeons.

Clinically-oriented and up-to-date, Dry Eye Diseases focuses on the latest diagnostic techniques, management guidelines, and treatment options for dry eye disorders. This consolidated resource provides guidance on the clinical assessment of patients presenting with dry eye symptoms as well as a global perspectives on the use of FDA and off-label products. Practicing and trainee ophthalmologists and optometrists will find this an indispensable resource for understanding this complex disorder. Covers a range of topics, including clinical assessment, pathophysiology, the link between dry eye and system disease, and the use of FDA and off-label products as treatment options for dry eye diseases. Includes a section devoted to the presence of dry eye disease in specific populations, including patients presenting with other ocular conditions, systemic pain conditions, graft-versus-host disease, Sjoegren's syndrome, and meibomian gland dysfunction. Addresses the challenges associated with treating ocular pain not responsive to traditional dry eye disease treatments. Features concise chapters from a team of international chapter authors, providing global perspectives on this common disorder. Consolidates today's available information on this timely topic into a single, convenient resource

While there are books that review lacrimal surgery as a portion of oculoplastic practice, The Lacrimal System: Diagnosis, Management & Surgery, Second Edition, addresses the range of lacrimal disorders in one concise, practical volume. Building off of the success of the first edition, this text includes significantly updated information, as well as new chapters that are complete with high quality color images and illustrations. Lacrimal surgeries are among the most commonly performed ones in oculopastic surgery. The procedures range from unblocking tear ducts in small children with congenital dysmorphology, to correcting dry eye through surgery. As with many of these procedures, the disorders sound minor but the patients' lives are seriously affected. By broadening the scope of the subject, the editors of The Lacrimal System, Second Edition meet the needs of oculoplastic surgeons, ophthalmologists, residents and fellows who are learning these special procedures.

Behcet s Syndrome has seen great strides over the last two decades in the availability of new treatments and the understanding of underlying pathogenesis. Only 30 years ago the majority of particularly young men with Behcet s lost total eye sight, now only a minority do. This book covers the most recent developments in the basic and clinical aspects of Behcet s Syndrome. International authorities have collaborated to offer their diverse expert knowledge on the multiple affected organs and systems, including the skin, the eye, the brain, the lungs and not the least the gastrointestinal and the locomotor systems. A special chapter is devoted to juvenile disease. The definitive resource on Behcet s Syndrome, this book is well suited for rheumatologists, dermatologists, ophthalmologists, neurologists, and health professionals caring for Behcet s patients."

Vascular diseases of the retina are a major cause of blindness among all age groups. Edited and written by internationally well-known experts, this state-of-the-art comprehensive overview of basic and clinical science will enhance the understanding of retinal vascular disease and help in the evaluation of current and future treatment approaches for the clinician. The well-structured and highly illustrated text is divided into three easy-to-follow sections. This unique textbook-atlas also includes topics which are not currently found in other retinal disease textbooks, such as case reports and clinical follow-ups.

The Seventh International Visual Field Symposium organized by the Interna tional Perimetric Society was held in Amsterdam, The Netherlands, September 6-10,1986. In many respects it was an exciting and fruitful meeting. The number of participants was greater than ever. The number of papers was too great to accommodate all of them. The quality of the papers reflects the continuously rising interest in perimetry in general and in automated perimetry in particular. Last but not least the social programme was organized in the, by now, almost classical friendly, enjoyable and humouristic style of the International Perimetric Society. This created an atmosphere of openness and free exchange of informa tion whICh was clearly also felt in the scientific sessions. The scientific part was divided in seven sessions with 44 spoken papers and a separate postersession during which the 46 posters were discussed. The major themes of the meeting were 'The influence of media-disturbances on the visual field' and 'Advances in perimetry in glaucoma with special emphasis on pro gression'. The session on 'media' provided interesting information on how the visual field was effected by preretinal filters. The authors either studied the influence of lens or corneal opacities or simulated opacities by special filters placed in front of the eye. In two papers the effect of cataract was qualified by photography or stray light measurements."

Phacoemulsification refers to the most common technique in modern cataract surgery. Step by Step Phacoemulsification is the third edition of this highly illustrated, pocket-sized guide to the method. Divided into seventeen chapters, topics include the management of mature cataracts, sublaxated cataracts and endocapsular ring segments, small pupil phaco, phakonit and microphakonit, glued IOL and IOL scaffold techniques, and the management of infectious endophthalmitis and cystoids macular oedema. Brand newtopics in this edition include ophthalmic visco surgical device, glued intrascleral haptic fixation of intraocular lense (glued IOL), glued IOL with add-on procedures, IOL scaffold and pars plicata anterior vitrectomy. Step by Step Phacoemulsification includes a DVD-ROM which demonstrates the techniques of phacoemulsification surgery covered in the text, including angle kappa and multifocal glued IOL, IOL scaffold, no-assistant technique and pars plicata anterior vitrectomy. The DVD also details complications including lens coloboma, mature cataract, adherent leucoma and posterior synechia. Key Points New edition of pocket-sized guide to phacoemulsification 147 full colour images and illustrations Includes a DVD-ROM featuring guidance on the techniques of phacoemulsification surgery Previous edition published 2006

Affecting over a hundred million individuals worldwide, retinal diseases are among the leading causes of irreversible visual impairment and blindness, and appropriate study models, especially animal models, are essential to furthering our understanding of the etiology, pathology, and progression of these endemic diseases. In Animal Models for Retinal Diseases, recognized experts in the field highlight valuable techniques as well as animal models for the prominent retinal diseases in order to aid in the evaluation, development, and improvement of therapeutic strategies. Beginning with an overview of the morphology of the retina, visual behavior, and genetics and genomics approaches for retinal research, the book continues by covering animal models for the research of specific human retinal diseases, e.g., retinal degeneration, age-related macular degeneration, retinopathy of prematurity, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, retinal ischemia, and retinal inflammation. As a volume in the successful Neuromethods series, the chapters provide authoritative reviews of the most commonly used approaches in the field. Vital and easy to use, Animal Models for Retinal Diseases serves to support the important future research of ocular investigators, ophthalmologists, and neuroscientists currently delving into this fascinating field of study.

Continuous regeneration of the cornea is necessary to maintain this tissue in the transparent state that is essential for vision. Therapy for repair of the damaged anterior cornea is currently addressed through the transplantation of donor corneas or the delivery of limbal epithelial stem cells (LESC) to the ocular surface using amniotic membrane (AM) as a supporting scaffold. Research on the bioengineering of corneal equivalents as replacement tissue is underway to develop viable corneal prosthetics. Corneal Regenerative Medicine: Methods and Protocols provides a concise overview of essential techniques in the field of corneal regenerative medicine, highlighting novel strategies to guide the management of key therapies within this area of medicine. Divided into four convenient sections, topics include the identification, characterisation and cultivation of LESC, as well as the investigation of biopolymers used as the basis for corneal substitutes. Written in the successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols, and notes on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and easily accessible, Corneal Regenerative Medicine: Methods and Protocols covers the fundamental techniques useful for both the laboratory and clinical settings.