This book provides a concise guide to learning the art of refraction and its principles applicable to retinoscopy. It also provides a well-signposted pathway to success in the Royal College of Ophthalmologists' Refraction Certificate Examination.

This biography of the eye surgeon Arthur Ferguson MacCallan is an insightful perspective on the life and work of the exceptional medical and ophthalmic pioneer. In 1903, Arthur MacCallan accepted a position in Egypt to establish the country's first travelling ophthalmic hospital, funded by the British philanthropist Sir Ernest Cassel. Over the next two decades, Arthur established an extensive network of over twenty ophthalmic hospitals which attended to over 1.5 million patients and performed over 76,000 operations. He also founded the Memorial Ophthalmic Laboratory at Giza which continues to play a pivotal role in ophthalmic care today. Arthur was a world authority on trachoma, and the MacCallan Classification, developed in 1905, was adopted by the World Health Organisation as its standard in 1952. This is still recognised today as a major contribution in the fight against trachoma. Set against the backdrop of political unrest, world war, and the rapidly changing relationship between Britain and Egypt during the momentous years of the early 1900s, Arthur's grandson Michael tells his fascinating story, brought to life through original letters, documents, colourful anecdotes and 160 photographs. Lord Cromer, British Consul General, Egypt (1883-1907) said "I regard the campaign against ophthalmia as one of the most important and useful works undertaken in Egypt."

Providing the information required to understand, advocate for, and supply post-acute vision rehabilitative care following brain injury, Vision Rehabilitation: Multidisciplinary Care of the Patient Following Brain Injury bridges the gap between theory and practice. It presents clinical information and scientific literature supporting the diagnostic and therapeutic strategies applied in a comprehensive overview of current diagnostic and treatment strategies in adult post-brain injury vision rehabilitation. Includes a foreword by Dr. Sue Barry Because post-brain injury rehabilitation works best in a team setting where the entire person can be treated, this text has been carefully designed as a multidisciplinary resource with an emphasis on models for working with the rehabilitation team. The book covers a myriad of topics such as post-brain injury vision rehabilitation; eye movements; binocular dysfunction; visual field loss; visual-spatial neglect; shifts in visual egocenter affecting balance and coordination; visual-vestibular interactions; central vs. peripheral visual attention; as well as deficits in object perception, visual memory, and visual cognition. The book details models that vision specialists working with the rehabilitation team can use to achieve the best success for the patient in rehabilitation; vision rehabilitation concepts and the science from which they have been developed; examples of therapeutic exercises; practice management information for the post-brain injury vision rehabilitation practice; and information on the legal process in which one frequently becomes involved in this type of work. Edited by eminent clinicians, the book highlights the work of contributors who are well-respected academicians and researchers, bringing together the clinical information that enables everyone involved in a brain injury case to grasp the diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

There are nearly 24,000 ophthalmologists in the United States, with 500 physicians newly entering the ophthalmology field each year and approximately half of those being women. Although women now represent approximately half of all ophthalmologists, gender disparities remain when it comes to certain subspecialties (e.g., surgical retina), leadership roles (e.g., department chairs), industry involvement (e.g., consultancy and advisory board positions), and even academic publications. There has been a recently heightened interest in female representation in this field which has manifested in several ways (e.g., conferences geared towards women in ophthalmology, non-peer-reviewed publications about women in ophthalmology, and mentorship programs specifically for women). This book is the first of its kind in procuring and disseminating information-pertaining to both career and life-in an organized, concrete, and enduring way. Women in Ophthalmology is a comprehensive collection of chapters primarily written by women in the field of ophthalmology. The book aims to guide others through milestones and challenges women may face during their careers, and shares sound insights into how to deal with unique issues both inside and outside the workplace. Topics that are widely applicable to all who work in ophthalmology are included, such as finding mentors, collaborating within industry, handling work-life balance, and seeking out leadership opportunities. Each chapter combines personal anecdotes with knowledge from leaders in the field which both men and women will find highly valuable.

This book has become an iconic textbook in eye care over many years and multiple editions having originally published in 1986. Considered one of the classic, definitive books for comprehensive anterior segment diagnosis, treatment, and management, this new edition includes a new chapter on pre- and postop management of cataract and refractive surgery and primary care of Glaucoma, which is a major part of primary care optometry today, along with updates on proprietary therapeutic drugs, and technology additions such as amniotic membranes, injectables, and minor in-office procedures. It contains high-quality photos, 6 clinical DX and RX appendices, an index of more than 1800 items, and 74 tables, making this an accessible resource for clinical practitioners. Key Features: * With a combined 130 years of clinical experience and expertise, the optometric authors provide succinct information necessary for diagnosing, treating, and managing all anterior segment, primary glaucoma, and non-surgical ocular conditions. * Includes current and new ocular, and systemic drugs along with pre & postoperative cataract and refractive surgery management protocols useful for clinicians to assist with diagnosis and treatment. * Features a unique presentation format as all the clinical (DX & RX) information is organized in the SOAP (Subjective, Objective, Assessment, Plan) format for quick referencing and practical use by the primary eye care practitioners.

This book covers the field of keratoprosthesis in detail and focuses specifically on the Boston type 1 keratoprosthesis (KPro), which is the device most widely used today. Extensive information is provided on all aspects of KPro surgery, from history and preoperative evaluation to surgical techniques and postoperative management of complications. Surgical videos are included that will aid both beginning and advanced corneal surgeons in mastering these procedures. In addition, essential basic science concepts relevant to keratoprosthesis surgery are explained and other keratoprostheses in use around the world are considered. A brief overview of integrating artificial corneas is provided and the future of keratoprosthesis is also discussed. The book is written by some of the most distinguished and renowned experts in the field.

Ophthalmic Epidemiology: Current Concepts to Digital Strategies provides a comprehensive guide to graduate students, ophthalmologists, and researchers in ophthalmic epidemiology. It covers recently developed new methodologies, technologies and resources in ocular epidemiological research, such as telemedicine, disease registries, EMR, bio-banks and omics. This book also summarizes recent epidemiological findings and provides up-to-date data on ocular diseases. Furthermore, it introduces and discusses the uses of epidemiology in the evaluation of health services and population screening programs and reviews the application of epidemiology in intervention trials in the communities. Key Features Comprehensive guide to the epidemiology of common eye diseases. Provides updates on the prevalence and risk factors of eye diseases. Outlines how epidemiological techniques can be utilized to evaluate ophthalmic health services and programs.

Ophthalmic Anaesthesia is a new textbook written by an international group of authors who are recognized experts in the fields of anaesthesia and ophthalmology. Covering the entire subspecialty of anaesthesia for surgery of the eye, the book offers chapters on a variety of subjects including: the history of ophthalmic anaesthesia, physiology and pharmacology, anatomy, pre-operative assessment, paediatric anaesthesia, orbital regional anaesthesia, general anaesthesia, complications, high-volume cataract surgery, and future developments. Written by both academicians and experienced clinicians, this is a well-referenced and illustrated text describing the techniques used in the anaesthetic management of patients undergoing the most commonly performed surgical procedures in the world.

Despite a long research tradition in visual neuroscience, the rehabilitation of cerebral visual deficits has, until recently, been neglected. This book is the first to report systematic observations on spontaneous recovery of cerebral visual deficits after acquired brain injury, and the outcome of treating these deficits. The whole range of human visual functions and capacities is covered: visual field, visual acuity and contrast sensitivity, visual adaptation, colour vision, visual space perception, and visual cognition. Additionally, there is a special section devoted to patients with central scotoma. All treatment procedures described are empirically founded.

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This is a practical guide to using lasers in the Eye clinic and includes all commonly performed Lasers for a range of ocular conditions. It uses multiple illustrations of real-life fundus photographs, FFA images, OCT images and digitally modified retinal images to simplify learning the fundamentals of laser physics and physiology, laser safety and an overview of the variety of ophthalmic lasers in current use. It standardizes Laser procedures and serves as a reference guide for Ophthalmic trainees learning the technique that can be transferred to their clinical practice. The book simplifies understanding of Ophthalmic Lasers and answers common questions of how and why things are done. Key Features * Emphasizes on Nd-YAG Laser, Lasers in Glaucoma and Photothermal Lasers for Retinal Pathology, with clarity on techniques and pearls on dealing with common laser related issues that come with experience. * Provides content in a Q&A format which is ideal as a lesson from trainer to trainee and answers all the doubts and laser related questions a trainee may have and aids their learning and progression to performing Lasers safely and independently. * Uses digitally modified images with bullet points and reference text boxes, making the content user friendly and easy to understand.

This book has become an iconic textbook in eye care over many years and multiple editions having originally published in 1986. Considered one of the classic, definitive books for comprehensive anterior segment diagnosis, treatment, and management, this new edition includes a new chapter on pre- and postop management of cataract and refractive surgery and primary care of Glaucoma, which is a major part of primary care optometry today, along with updates on proprietary therapeutic drugs, and technology additions such as amniotic membranes, injectables, and minor in-office procedures. It contains high-quality photos, 6 clinical DX and RX appendices, an index of more than 1800 items, and 74 tables, making this an accessible resource for clinical practitioners. Key Features: * With a combined 130 years of clinical experience and expertise, the optometric authors provide succinct information necessary for diagnosing, treating, and managing all anterior segment, primary glaucoma, and non-surgical ocular conditions. * Includes current and new ocular, and systemic drugs along with pre & postoperative cataract and refractive surgery management protocols useful for clinicians to assist with diagnosis and treatment. * Features a unique presentation format as all the clinical (DX & RX) information is organized in the SOAP (Subjective, Objective, Assessment, Plan) format for quick referencing and practical use by the primary eye care practitioners.

Selected as a Doody's Core Title for 2022! A best-selling source of compact, authoritative guidance on the treatment of ocular disorders in a variety of settings, The Wills Eye Manual, 8th Edition, is the comprehensive, high-yield reference of choice for both trainees and seasoned practitioners. It provides highly illustrated information on more than 200 ophthalmic conditions along with proven clinical recommendations from initial diagnosis through extended treatment. The consistent, bulleted outline format makes it ideal for portability and quick reference. Provides current, superbly illustrated information on more than 200 ophthalmic conditions in a handy, portable manual, along with extensive multimedia content. Features easily accessible clinical recommendations for evaluation, diagnosis, management, and treatment. Contains updates on the latest major clinical trials in ophthalmology, as well as two expertly produced new videos and many new clinical images added. Addresses changing trends in oculoplastics, glaucoma, cornea, pediatrics, neuro-ophthalmology, uveitis, retina, and more. Includes videos depicting a wide range of common procedures with step-by-step narration, carefully selected to complement key techniques. All chapters written and edited by the residents and attending ophthalmologists at one of the busiest and largest eye hospitals in the country. Enrich Your eBook Reading Experience Read directly on your preferred device(s), such as computer, tablet, or smartphone. Easily convert to audiobook, powering your content with natural language text-to-speech.

Describes the optical structure and optical properties of the human eye Explains image formation and refraction of the eye Covers interactions between light and the eye, considering transmission, reflection and scatter in the media of the eye and at the fundus Covers aberrations and image quality of the eye

Ophthalmic Epidemiology: Current Concepts to Digital Strategies provides a comprehensive guide to graduate students, ophthalmologists, and researchers in ophthalmic epidemiology. It covers recently developed new methodologies, technologies and resources in ocular epidemiological research, such as telemedicine, disease registries, EMR, bio-banks and omics. This book also summarizes recent epidemiological findings and provides up-to-date data on ocular diseases. Furthermore, it introduces and discusses the uses of epidemiology in the evaluation of health services and population screening programs and reviews the application of epidemiology in intervention trials in the communities. Key Features Comprehensive guide to the epidemiology of common eye diseases. Provides updates on the prevalence and risk factors of eye diseases. Outlines how epidemiological techniques can be utilized to evaluate ophthalmic health services and programs.

This landmark book is the most extensive and complete oculofacial plastic surgery guide available in the market. Updated and broadened from the three previous editions, it includes advances in the use of surgical navigation systems, and new techniques and treatments for diseases involving the eyelid, orbital and lacrimal system. Organized across 11 sections of in-depth, expertly written text, Smith and Nesi’s Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Fourth Edition has taken the best of the field’s classic reference text and expanded upon it.  Detailed chapters cover a multitude of topics relating to various ocular surgeries, pediatric considerations, ocular traumas, and anatomy. Supplemented with a myriad of high-quality illustrations, Smith and Nesi’s Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Fourth Edition is an indispensable reference for oculoplastics surgeons and physicians in other fields.  

Glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness globally. Early detection and treatment can prevent its progression to avoid total blindness. This book discusses and reviews current approaches for detection and examines new approaches for diagnosing glaucoma using CAD system. Computer-Aided Glaucoma Diagnosis System, Chapter 1 provides a brief introduction of the disease and current methodology used to diagnose it today. Chapter 2 presents a review of the medical background of the disease, followed by a theoretical and mathematical background used in fundus image processing. Chapter 3 is a literature review about segmentation and feature extraction. Chapter 4 describes the formulation of the proposed methodology. In Chapter 5, the results of optic disc and optic cup segmentation algorithm are presented, the feature extraction and selection method, experimental results and performance evaluations of the classifier are given. Chapter 6 presents the conclusions and discussion of the future potential for the diagnostic system. This book is intended for biomedical engineers, computer science students, ophthalmologists and radiologists looking to develop a reliable automated computer-aided diagnosis system (CAD) for detecting glaucoma and improve diagnosis of the disease. Key Features Discusses a reliable automated computer-aided diagnosis system (CAD) for detecting glaucoma and presents an algorithm that detects optic disc and optic cup Assists ophthalmologists and researchers to test a new diagnostic method that reduces the effort and time of the doctors and cost to the patients Discusses techniques to reduce human error and minimize the miss detection rate and facilitate early diagnosis and treatment Presents algorithms to detect cup and disc color, shape features and RNFL texture features Dr. Arwa Ahmed Gasm Elseid is an assistant professor, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sudan University of Science and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan. Dr. Alnazier Osman Mohammed Hamza is professor of Medical Imaging, College of Engineering, Sudan University of Sciences and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan.

The development of ophthalmology to its present level of sophisticated practice is an extraordinary story of research, experiment, and achievement. Dates in Ophthalmology: A Chronological Record of Progress in Ophthalmology over the Last Millennium charts the progress of that achievement over the last millennium, highlighting and describing the key dates of advancement. It presents a concise listing of the chief personages, periods, publications, and events in the history of ophthalmology from ancient times to the present. The book demonstrates how ideas, discoveries, and technologies cross borders and oceans. It illustrates the interplay of subspecialties, the changing pre-eminence of countries and cities, and the explosions of creativity and generations of dormancy in various areas. The author highlights the numerous and diverse events and people responsible for shaping this specialty. There are many ways of looking at history: from the standpoint of the lives of major figures, of society and impact, of subspecialties, of countries, of institutions, and of books. By presenting its information chronologically, Dates in Ophthalmology explores the how these areas intersect, influence, and impact each other.

Written by a leader in the field of low vision research, this book discusses the role of vision in reading, focusing on the reading performance of people with normal, healthy vision and people with impaired vision. The author describes the influence of physical properties of text on reading performance and the implications for information processing in the visual pathways. Providing an overview of seminal research, this book explores: different forms of low vision that affect reading, text characteristics that optimize reading for those with low vision, and principles underlying the legibility of text and guidelines for displaying text. Special topics include the role of the magnocellular pathway in reading and dyslexia, Braille reading, and fonts for highway signs. An accompanying CD contains reprints of the seminal series of articles by Gordon E. Legge and colleagues on the psychophysics of reading in normal and low vision, published between 1985 and 2001. This volume will be of interest to researchers and professionals in the area of low vision, including graphics engineers, HCI scientists, human factors specialists, low-vision rehabilitation specialists, opthamologists, occupational therapists, special education teachers, as well as cognitive scientists and perceptual psychologists. It is also suitable for advanced students with a background in the topic.

1. Features recent developments like 3-D surgery, telescopic IOL, bionic implants and robotic surgery. 2. Highlights case selection and important precautions to be taken by vitreoretinal surgeons and senior residents. 3. Covers the controversies surrounding primary VR versus RD surgery in Phakic, fresh retinal detachments; Positioning after macular hole/ VR surgery; and to peel or not peel ILM in non-macular hole retinal surgery.

This book presents a wealth of information and research about the most potent cancer healing therapies, focusing particularly how nanomedicine, holistic medicine, and other cancer therapies play important roles in treating cancer. Nanotechnology has the power to radically change the way cancer is diagnosed, imaged, and treated. The holistic approach to cancer involves noninvasive procedures focused upon restoring the health of human energy fields.

This volume introduces and explains an eye-opening treatment for correcting nearsightedness and related vision problems naturally and neurologically. The author presents his methodology on neurologically correcting primary refractive errors in the mild and moderate myopic range. Ortho C (or orthoculogy, which is Latin for "correcting the whole eye") is a natural treatment, requiring no alteration to the cornea. Key features of the book: * Introduces a neurological and natural treatment for the correction of nearsightedness * Presents many case studies showing the effectiveness of this treatment, based on the author's 30+ years of research * Provides step-by-step instructions for designing lenses to suit the need, determining the sequence of wear, and conducting resistance tests * Grants readers the right to apply Ortho C to treat any patients with mild and moderate myopia, anisometropia, or compound astigmatism.

This accessible, jargon-free guide to uveitis for non-specialists explains in practical, easy-to-understand language how to diagnose and manage inflammatory eye disease. Describing in simple terms how to differentiate between the various inflammatory eye diseases, which investigations to choose, how to interpret the results and how best to manage immunosuppression in these patients, this book makes this fascinating subject accessible to the non-uveitis specialist for the first time.

This is a practical guide to using lasers in the Eye clinic and includes all commonly performed Lasers for a range of ocular conditions. It uses multiple illustrations of real-life fundus photographs, FFA images, OCT images and digitally modified retinal images to simplify learning the fundamentals of laser physics and physiology, laser safety and an overview of the variety of ophthalmic lasers in current use. It standardizes Laser procedures and serves as a reference guide for Ophthalmic trainees learning the technique that can be transferred to their clinical practice. The book simplifies understanding of Ophthalmic Lasers and answers common questions of how and why things are done. Key Features * Emphasizes on Nd-YAG Laser, Lasers in Glaucoma and Photothermal Lasers for Retinal Pathology, with clarity on techniques and pearls on dealing with common laser related issues that come with experience. * Provides content in a Q&A format which is ideal as a lesson from trainer to trainee and answers all the doubts and laser related questions a trainee may have and aids their learning and progression to performing Lasers safely and independently. * Uses digitally modified images with bullet points and reference text boxes, making the content user friendly and easy to understand.

Originally published in 1989, much was known about blindness, but the field was divided into specialties. Experts in the different areas were widely dispersed among university departments, rehabilitation agencies, and school systems, with the result that people in one specialty area often knew little about developments in other areas. It was hoped that this work would be useful in reducing that isolation, by presenting, within a single volume, basic information derived from different approaches to the subject of blindness. Individuals already familiar with material in some of the chapters could gain added perspective on the field as a whole by reading about other aspects of blindness outside their specialty area.