Proof and Disproof in Formal Logic is a lively and entertaining introduction to formal logic providing an excellent insight into how a simple logic works. Formal logic allows you to check a logical claim without considering what the claim means. This highly abstracted idea is an essential
and practical part of computer science. The idea of a formal system-a collection of rules and axioms, which define a universe of logical proofs-is what gives us programming languages and modern-day programming. This book concentrates on using logic as a tool: making and using formal proofs and
disproofs of particular logical claims. The logic it uses-natural deduction-is very small and very simple; working with it helps you see how large mathematical universes can be built on small foundations. The book is divided into four parts:
Part I "Basics" gives an introduction to formal logic with a short history of logic and explanations of some technical words.
Part II "Formal Syntactic Proof" show you how to do calculations in a formal system where you are guided by shapes and never need to think about meaning. Your experiments are aided by Jape, which can operate as both inquisitor and oracle.
Part III "Formal Semantic Disproof" shows you how to construct mathematical counterexamples to shoe that proof is impossible. Jape can check the counterexamples you build.
Part IV" Program Specification and Proof" describes how to apply your logical understanding to a real computer science problem, the accurate description and verification of programs. Jape helps, as far as arithmetic allows.
Aimed at undergraduates and graduates in computer science, logic, mathematics and philosophy, thetext includes reference to and exercises based on the computer software package Jape, an interactive teaching and research tool designed and hosted by the author that is freely available on the
web.

Das St. Galler Modell fur prozesszentriertes Customer Relationship Management basiert auf Praxiserfahrungen, die in acht Fallstudien fuhrender Unternehmen dokumentiert sind: Ganzheitliches Kundenbindungsmarketing der Direkt Anlage Bank; Contact Center der Swisscom; Kampagnen- und Kundenmanagement bei Genossenschaftsbanken; Kundenzentrierte Prozesse und Systeme der Credit Suisse, LGT Bank in Liechtenstein und Neuen Zurcher Zeitung; Management von Projekt- und Kundenwissen bei der SAP. Das Gesamtmodell beschreibt mit Kunden-, Kanal- sowie Prozess- und Wissensmanagement die wesentlichen Instrumente zur radikalen Ausrichtung auf Kundenprozesse. Eine Ubersicht der achtzehn wichtigsten Einfuhrungsmethoden aus Literatur, Beratung und von Systemanbietern unterstutzt die erfolgreiche Projektdurchfuhrung."

Text Mining with MATLAB (R) provides a comprehensive introduction to text mining using MATLAB. It is designed to help text mining practitioners, as well as those with little-to-no experience with text mining in general, familiarize themselves with MATLAB and its complex applications. The book is structured in three main parts: The first part, Fundamentals, introduces basic procedures and methods for manipulating and operating with text within the MATLAB programming environment. The second part of the book, Mathematical Models, is devoted to motivating, introducing, and explaining the two main paradigms of mathematical models most commonly used for representing text data: the statistical and the geometrical approach. Eventually, the third part of the book, Techniques and Applications, addresses general problems in text mining and natural language processing applications such as document categorization, document search, content analysis, summarization, question answering, and conversational systems. This second edition includes updates in line with the recently released "Text Analytics Toolbox" within the MATLAB product and introduces three new chapters and six new sections in existing ones. All descriptions presented are supported with practical examples that are fully reproducible. Further reading, as well as additional exercises and projects, are proposed at the end of each chapter for those readers interested in conducting further experimentation.

BRIDGES THE GAP BETWEEN SAS AND R, ALLOWING USERS TRAINED IN ONE LANGUAGE TO EASILY LEARN THE OTHER SAS and R are widely-used, very different software environments. Prized for its statistical and graphical tools, R is an open-source programming language that is popular with statisticians and data miners who develop statistical software and analyze data. SAS (Statistical Analysis System) is the leading corporate software in analytics thanks to its faster data handling and smaller learning curve. SAS for R Users enables entry-level data scientists to take advantage of the best aspects of both tools by providing a cross-functional framework for users who already know R but may need to work with SAS. Those with knowledge of both R and SAS are of far greater value to employers, particularly in corporate settings. Using a clear, step-by-step approach, this book presents an analytics workflow that mirrors that of the everyday data scientist. This up-to-date guide is compatible with the latest R packages as well as SAS University Edition. Useful for anyone seeking employment in data science, this book: Instructs both practitioners and students fluent in one language seeking to learn the other Provides command-by-command translations of R to SAS and SAS to R Offers examples and applications in both R and SAS Presents step-by-step guidance on workflows, color illustrations, sample code, chapter quizzes, and more Includes sections on advanced methods and applications Designed for professionals, researchers, and students, SAS for R Users is a valuable resource for those with some knowledge of coding and basic statistics who wish to enter the realm of data science and business analytics.

Learn to code like a professional with Python - an open source, versatile, and powerful programming language About This Book * Learn the fundamentals of programming with Python - one of the best languages ever created * Develop a strong set of programming skills that you will be able to express in any situation, on every platform, thanks to Python's portability * Create outstanding applications of all kind, from websites to scripting, and from GUIs to data science Who This Book Is For Python is the most popular introductory teaching language in U.S. top computer science universities, so if you are new to software development, or maybe you have little experience, and would like to start off on the right foot, then this language and this book are what you need. Its amazing design and portability will help you become productive regardless of the environment you choose to work with. What You Will Learn * Get Python up and running on Windows, Mac, and Linux in no time * Grasp the fundamental concepts of coding, along with the basics of data structures and control flow. * Write elegant, reusable, and efficient code in any situation * Understand when to use the functional or the object oriented programming approach * Create bulletproof, reliable software by writing tests to support your code * Explore examples of GUIs, scripting, data science and web applications * Learn to be independent, capable of fetching any resource you need, as well as dig deeper In Detail Learning Python has a dynamic and varied nature. It reads easily and lays a good foundation for those who are interested in digging deeper. It has a practical and example-oriented approach through which both the introductory and the advanced topics are explained. Starting with the fundamentals of programming and Python, it ends by exploring very different topics, like GUIs, web apps and data science. The book takes you all the way to creating a fully fledged application. The book begins by exploring the essentials of programming, data structures and teaches you how to manipulate them. It then moves on to controlling the flow of a program and writing reusable and error proof code. You will then explore different programming paradigms that will allow you to find the best approach to any situation, and also learn how to perform performance optimization as well as effective debugging. Throughout, the book steers you through the various types of applications, and it concludes with a complete mini website built upon all the concepts that you learned. Style and approach This book is an easy-to-follow guide that will take you from a novice to the proficient level at a comfortable pace, using a lot of simple but effective examples. Each topic is explained thoroughly, and pointers are left for the more inquisitive readers to dig deeper and expand their knowledge.

For over two decades, this comprehensive manual has been the standard introduction and complete reference for writing articles and books containing mathematical formulas. If the reader requires a streamlined approach to learning LaTeX for composing everyday documents, Gratzer's (c) 2014 Practical LaTeX may also be a good choice. In this carefully revised fifth edition, the Short Course has been brought up to date and reflects a modern and practical approach to LaTeX usage. New chapters have been added on illustrations and how to use LaTeX on an iPad. Key features: An example-based, visual approach and a gentle introduction with the Short Course A detailed exposition of multiline math formulas with a Visual Guide A unified approach to TeX, LaTeX, and the AMS enhancements A quick introduction to creating presentations with formulas From earlier reviews: Gratzer's book is a solution. -European Mathematical Society Newsletter There are several LaTeX guides, but this one wins hands down for the elegance of its approach and breadth of coverage. -Amazon.com, Best of 2000, Editor's choice A novice reader will be able to learn the most essential features of LaTeX sufficient to begin typesetting papers within a few hours of time... An experienced TeX user, on the other hand, will find a systematic and detailed discussion of LaTeX fea tures. -Report on Mathematical Physics A very helpful and useful tool for all scientists and engineers. -Review of Astronomical Tools

An easy-to-understand course book, based on the authentic lectures and detailed research, conducted by the authors themselves, on information optics, holography and MATLAB. This book is the first to highlight the incoherent optical system, provide up-to-date, novel digital holography techniques, and demonstrate MATLAB codes to accomplish tasks such as optical image processing and pattern recognition. This title is a comprehensive introduction to the basics of Fourier optics as well as optical image processing and digital holography. A step-by-step guide which details the vast majority of the derivations, without omitting essential steps, to facilitate a clear mathematical understanding. This book also features exercises at the end of each chapter, providing hands-on experience and consolidating understanding. An ideal companion for graduates and researchers involved in engineering and applied physics, as well as interested in the growing field of information optics.

As explored in this open access book, higher education in STEM fields is influenced by many factors, including education research, government and school policies, financial considerations, technology limitations, and acceptance of innovations by faculty and students. In 2018, Drs. Ryoo and Winkelmann explored the opportunities, challenges, and future research initiatives of innovative learning environments (ILEs) in higher education STEM disciplines in their pioneering project: eXploring the Future of Innovative Learning Environments (X-FILEs). Workshop participants evaluated four main ILE categories: personalized and adaptive learning, multimodal learning formats, cross/extended reality (XR), and artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML). This open access book gathers the perspectives expressed during the X-FILEs workshop and its follow-up activities. It is designed to help inform education policy makers, researchers, developers, and practitioners about the adoption and implementation of ILEs in higher education.

Discover what needs to happen in enterprise-architecture practice-and not just its outcomes, but also the activities from which those outcomes would arise. This book reveals how business and enterprise architects can deliver fast solutions to an always-on-the-go business world. To begin, you'll review a new technique called "context-space mapping," which provides a structured method for sense-making across the entire context of an enterprise. Throughout the book, you'll concentrate on the routine practices that underpin each of the architecture disciplines. Working step-by-step through a real 10-day architecture project, this book explores the activities that underpin the strategy, structures and solutions in the real-time turmoil of an enterprise architect's everyday work. You'll explore how and why and when the various documents, artefacts and items of 'theory-stuff' come into the practice - all those mainstream methods, frameworks, models, metamodels and other information sources. In the end, Everyday Enterprise Architecture will help you develop the skills, judgment, and awareness to keep enhancing the value of your architectural projects. What You'll Learn Work on architectures at "business-speed" Adapt architectures for different tasks Gather, use, and manage architectural information Who This Book Is For Enterprise and business architects.

This proceedings volume features top contributions in modern statistical methods from Statistics 2021 Canada, the 6th Annual Canadian Conference in Applied Statistics, held virtually on July 15-18, 2021. Papers are contributed from established and emerging scholars, covering cutting-edge and contemporary innovative techniques in statistics and data science. Major areas of contribution include Bayesian statistics; computational statistics; data science; semi-parametric regression; and stochastic methods in biology, crop science, ecology and engineering. It will be a valuable edited collection for graduate students, researchers, and practitioners in a wide array of applied statistical and data science methods.

Agile may be the best-kept management secret on the planet and if you want a quickstart introduction, then Agile NOW is essential reading. Agile is a different way of thinking that’s steeped in common sense and produces immediate results. That’s why there’s a quiet revolution going on.

Agile will help you design better products, get faster results, cut down costs, and keep improving as you go. With a simple system called The Golden Triangle - Prioritising, Time Boxing and Change Management - you can hit the ground running and get started immediately.

Agile NOW is slim, accessible and easy to dip into - yet covers all the essential theory and provides practical advice. Agile is for everyone - from one-person start-ups to multinationals – the promise of quicker, cheaper, better has universal appeal. Agile NOW shows you how to get going fast at minimal cost.

MATLABä-the tremendously popular computation, numerical analysis, signal processing, data analysis, and graphical software package-allows virtually every scientist and engineer to make better and faster progress. As MATLAB's world-wide sales approach a half-million with an estimated four million users, it becomes a near necessity that professionals and students have a level of competence in its use. Until now, however, there has been no book that quickly and effectively introduces MATLAB's capabilities to new users and assists those with more experience down the path toward increasingly sophisticated work.
Basics of MATLAB and Beyond is just such a book. Its hands-on, tutorial approach gently takes new users by the hand and leads them to competence in all the fundamentals of MATLAB. Then, with equal effectiveness, it covers the advanced topics that lead to full, creative exploitation of MATLAB's awesome power. With this book, readers will:
· Solve more problems with MATLAB-and solve them faster
· Create clearer, more beautiful graphics with control over every detail
· Create their own MATLAB code
· Share their work by exporting data and graphics to other applications
· Develop graphical user interfaces
Based on the latest 5.x release, Basics of MATLAB and Beyond supplies both novice and experienced users the tools they need to gain proficiency, increase productivity, and ultimately have more fun with MATLAB.

This textbook provides a step-by-step introduction to the tools and principles of high-dimensional statistics. Each chapter is complemented by numerous exercises, many of them with detailed solutions, and computer labs in R that convey valuable practical insights. The book covers the theory and practice of high-dimensional linear regression, graphical models, and inference, ensuring readers have a smooth start in the field. It also offers suggestions for further reading. Given its scope, the textbook is intended for beginning graduate and advanced undergraduate students in statistics, biostatistics, and bioinformatics, though it will be equally useful to a broader audience.

This open access book provides a wealth of hands-on examples that illustrate how hyperparameter tuning can be applied in practice and gives deep insights into the working mechanisms of machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) methods. The aim of the book is to equip readers with the ability to achieve better results with significantly less time, costs, effort and resources using the methods described here. The case studies presented in this book can be run on a regular desktop or notebook computer. No high-performance computing facilities are required. The idea for the book originated in a study conducted by Bartz & Bartz GmbH for the Federal Statistical Office of Germany (Destatis). Building on that study, the book is addressed to practitioners in industry as well as researchers, teachers and students in academia. The content focuses on the hyperparameter tuning of ML and DL algorithms, and is divided into two main parts: theory (Part I) and application (Part II). Essential topics covered include: a survey of important model parameters; four parameter tuning studies and one extensive global parameter tuning study; statistical analysis of the performance of ML and DL methods based on severity; and a new, consensus-ranking-based way to aggregate and analyze results from multiple algorithms. The book presents analyses of more than 30 hyperparameters from six relevant ML and DL methods, and provides source code so that users can reproduce the results. Accordingly, it serves as a handbook and textbook alike.

The purpose of this guide is to give a quick introduction on how to use Maple. It primarily covers Maple 12, although most of the guide will work with earlier versions of Maple. Also, throughout this guide, we will be suggesting tips and diagnosing common problems that users are likely to encounter. This should make the learning process smoother.

This guide is designed as a self-study tutorial to learn Maple. Our emphasis is on getting you quickly up to speed. This guide can also be used as a supplement (or reference) for students taking a mathematics (or science) course that requires use of Maple, such as Calculus, Multivariable Calculus, Advanced Calculus, Linear Algebra, Discrete Mathematics, Modeling, or Statistics.

This introductory textbook presents research methods and data analysis tools in non-technical language. It explains the research process and the basics of qualitative and quantitative data analysis, including procedures and methods, analysis, interpretation, and applications using hands-on data examples in QDA Miner Lite and IBM SPSS Statistics software. The book is divided into four parts that address study and research design; data collection, qualitative methods and surveys; statistical methods, including hypothesis testing, regression, cluster and factor analysis; and reporting. The intended audience is business and social science students learning scientific research methods, however, given its business context, the book will be equally useful for decision-makers in businesses and organizations.

Do you want to create data analysis reports without writing a line of code? This book introduces SAS Studio, a free data science web browser-based product for educational and non-commercial purposes. The power of SAS Studio comes from its visual point-and-click user interface that generates SAS code. It is easier to learn SAS Studio than to learn R and Python to accomplish data cleaning, statistics, and visualization tasks. The book includes a case study about analyzing the data required for predicting the results of presidential elections in the state of Maine for 2016 and 2020. In addition to the presidential elections, the book provides real-life examples including analyzing stocks, oil and gold prices, crime, marketing, and healthcare. You will see data science in action and how easy it is to perform complicated tasks and visualizations in SAS Studio. You will learn, step-by-step, how to do visualizations, including maps. In most cases, you will not need a line of code as you work with the SAS Studio graphical user interface. The book includes explanations of the code that SAS Studio generates automatically. You will learn how to edit this code to perform more complicated advanced tasks. The book introduces you to multiple SAS products such as SAS Viya, SAS Analytics, and SAS Visual Statistics. What You Will Learn Become familiar with SAS Studio IDE Understand essential visualizations Know the fundamental statistical analysis required in most data science and analytics reports Clean the most common data set problems Use linear progression for data prediction Write programs in SAS Get introduced to SAS-Viya, which is more potent than SAS studio Who This Book Is For A general audience of people who are new to data science, students, and data analysts and scientists who are experienced but new to SAS. No programming or in-depth statistics knowledge is needed.

This book presents a general method for deriving higher-order statistics of multivariate distributions with simple algorithms that allow for actual calculations. Multivariate nonlinear statistical models require the study of higher-order moments and cumulants. The main tool used for the definitions is the tensor derivative, leading to several useful expressions concerning Hermite polynomials, moments, cumulants, skewness, and kurtosis. A general test of multivariate skewness and kurtosis is obtained from this treatment. Exercises are provided for each chapter to help the readers understand the methods. Lastly, the book includes a comprehensive list of references, equipping readers to explore further on their own.

This book is a result of a workshop, the 8th of the successful TopoInVis workshop series, held in 2019 in Nykoeping, Sweden. The workshop regularly gathers some of the world's leading experts in this field. Thereby, it provides a forum for discussions on the latest advances in the field with a focus on finding practical solutions to open problems in topological data analysis for visualization. The contributions provide introductory and novel research articles including new concepts for the analysis of multivariate and time-dependent data, robust computational approaches for the extraction and approximations of topological structures with theoretical guarantees, and applications of topological scalar and vector field analysis for visualization. The applications span a wide range of scientific areas comprising climate science, material sciences, fluid dynamics, and astronomy. In addition, community efforts with respect to joint software development are reported and discussed.

The main focus of this book is on presenting advances in fuzzy statistics, and on proposing a methodology for testing hypotheses in the fuzzy environment based on the estimation of fuzzy confidence intervals, a context in which not only the data but also the hypotheses are considered to be fuzzy. The proposed method for estimating these intervals is based on the likelihood method and employs the bootstrap technique. A new metric generalizing the signed distance measure is also developed. In turn, the book presents two conceptually diverse applications in which defended intervals play a role: one is a novel methodology for evaluating linguistic questionnaires developed at the global and individual levels; the other is an extension of the multi-ways analysis of variance to the space of fuzzy sets. To illustrate these approaches, the book presents several empirical and simulation-based studies with synthetic and real data sets. In closing, it presents a coherent R package called "FuzzySTs" which covers all the previously mentioned concepts with full documentation and selected use cases. Given its scope, the book will be of interest to all researchers whose work involves advanced fuzzy statistical methods.

The nonequilibrium behavior of nanoscopic and biological systems, which are typically strongly fluctuating, is a major focus of current research. Lately, much progress has been made in understanding such systems from a thermodynamic perspective. However, new theoretical challenges emerge when the fluctuating system is additionally subject to time delay, e.g. due to the presence of feedback loops. This thesis advances this young and vibrant research field in several directions. The first main contribution concerns the probabilistic description of time-delayed systems; e.g. by introducing a versatile approximation scheme for nonlinear delay systems. Second, it reveals that delay can induce intriguing thermodynamic properties such as anomalous (reversed) heat flow. More generally, the thesis shows how to treat the thermodynamics of non-Markovian systems by introducing auxiliary variables. It turns out that delayed feedback is inextricably linked to nonreciprocal coupling, information flow, and to net energy input on the fluctuating level.

Modeling spatial and spatio-temporal continuous processes is an important and challenging problem in spatial statistics. Advanced Spatial Modeling with Stochastic Partial Differential Equations Using R and INLA describes in detail the stochastic partial differential equations (SPDE) approach for modeling continuous spatial processes with a Matern covariance, which has been implemented using the integrated nested Laplace approximation (INLA) in the R-INLA package. Key concepts about modeling spatial processes and the SPDE approach are explained with examples using simulated data and real applications. This book has been authored by leading experts in spatial statistics, including the main developers of the INLA and SPDE methodologies and the R-INLA package. It also includes a wide range of applications: * Spatial and spatio-temporal models for continuous outcomes * Analysis of spatial and spatio-temporal point patterns * Coregionalization spatial and spatio-temporal models * Measurement error spatial models * Modeling preferential sampling * Spatial and spatio-temporal models with physical barriers * Survival analysis with spatial effects * Dynamic space-time regression * Spatial and spatio-temporal models for extremes * Hurdle models with spatial effects * Penalized Complexity priors for spatial models All the examples in the book are fully reproducible. Further information about this book, as well as the R code and datasets used, is available from the book website at http://www.r-inla.org/spde-book. The tools described in this book will be useful to researchers in many fields such as biostatistics, spatial statistics, environmental sciences, epidemiology, ecology and others. Graduate and Ph.D. students will also find this book and associated files a valuable resource to learn INLA and the SPDE approach for spatial modeling.

This monograph uses the Julia language to guide the reader through an exploration of the fundamental concepts of probability and statistics, all with a view of mastering machine learning, data science, and artificial intelligence. The text does not require any prior statistical knowledge and only assumes a basic understanding of programming and mathematical notation. It is accessible to practitioners and researchers in data science, machine learning, bio-statistics, finance, or engineering who may wish to solidify their knowledge of probability and statistics. The book progresses through ten independent chapters starting with an introduction of Julia, and moving through basic probability, distributions, statistical inference, regression analysis, machine learning methods, and the use of Monte Carlo simulation for dynamic stochastic models. Ultimately this text introduces the Julia programming language as a computational tool, uniquely addressing end-users rather than developers. It makes heavy use of over 200 code examples to illustrate dozens of key statistical concepts. The Julia code, written in a simple format with parameters that can be easily modified, is also available for download from the book's associated GitHub repository online. See what co-creators of the Julia language are saying about the book: Professor Alan Edelman, MIT: With "Statistics with Julia", Yoni and Hayden have written an easy to read, well organized, modern introduction to statistics. The code may be looked at, and understood on the static pages of a book, or even better, when running live on a computer. Everything you need is here in one nicely written self-contained reference. Dr. Viral Shah, CEO of Julia Computing: Yoni and Hayden provide a modern way to learn statistics with the Julia programming language. This book has been perfected through iteration over several semesters in the classroom. It prepares the reader with two complementary skills - statistical reasoning with hands on experience and working with large datasets through training in Julia.

The book covers computational statistics, its methodologies and applications for IoT device. It includes the details in the areas of computational arithmetic and its influence on computational statistics, numerical algorithms in statistical application software, basics of computer systems, statistical techniques, linear algebra and its role in optimization techniques, evolution of optimization techniques, optimal utilization of computer resources, and statistical graphics role in data analysis. It also explores computational inferencing and computer model's role in design of experiments, Bayesian analysis, survival analysis and data mining in computational statistics.

R, an Open Source software, has become the "de facto" statistical computing environment. It has an excellent collection of data manipulation and graphics capabilities. It is extensible and comes with a large number of packages that allow statistical analysis at all levels - from simple to advanced - and in numerous fields including Medicine, Genetics, Biology, Environmental Sciences, Geology, Social Sciences and much more. The software is maintained and developed by academicians and professionals and as such, is continuously evolving and up to date. "Statistics and Data with R" presents an accessible guide to data manipulations, statistical analysis and graphics using R.

Assuming no previous knowledge of statistics or R, the book includes: A comprehensive introduction to the R language. An integrated approach to importing and preparing data for analysis, exploring and analyzing the data, and presenting results. Over 300 examples, including detailed explanations of the R scripts used throughout. Over 100 moderately large data sets from disciplines ranging from Biology, Ecology and Environmental Science to Medicine, Law, Military and Social Sciences. A parallel discussion of analyses with the normal density, proportions (binomial), counts (Poisson) and bootstrap methods. Two extensive indexes that include references to every R function (and its arguments and packages used in the book and to every introduced concept.

An accompanying Wiki website, http: //turtle.gis.umn.eduincludes all the scripts and data used in the book. The website also features a solutions manual, providing answers to all of the excercises presented in the book. Visitors are invited to download/upload data andscripts and share comments, suggestions and questions with other visitors. Students, researchers and practitioners will find this to be both a valuable learning resource in statistics and R and an excellent reference book.