This significantly updated and expanded new edition presents the scientific foundations of inhalation research essential to the design and conduct of toxicologic studies. It explores the full range of numerous scientific developments in the field, including recent advances in biology and the rapidly increasing global concerns and studies on particulate air pollution.

Key topics in the "Second Edition" include:

- new developments in the ultrafine particle health effects and concentrated aerosol research

- advances in understanding postnatal lung growth and the deposition and clearance of inhaled particles

- new techniques in toxicity testing

- the explosion of knowledge in the genetic and molecular realms

- the introduction of a large number of transgenic animal models

- updated ethical guidelines for animal testing

- the emergence of aerosol medicine

- the growing threat of aerosol-related terrorism

- increased appreciation of nonpulmonary effects of inhaled substances

- use of medical scanning techniques to study respiratory tract structure

- the introduction of new inhalation exposure systems

- the emergence of aerosol concentrators for use in air pollution studies

This book fully addresses all the components of this new course, which ranges from anatomy and physiology to psychological skills training to nutrition. Full of activities, illustrations, diagrams and photographs, this book will bring the subject to life and provide a deep understanding of the science behind the body and physical activity, clearly relating this to human well-being. Included are the essential IB elements of TOK, international-mindedness and the learner profile, so you can trust your teaching links up with the IB ethos. *Make sure students fully understand - lots of full colour diagrams, illustrations and photographs clearly explain scientific concepts *Trust that everything is covered - the entire syllabus is addressed in an accessible format *Provide the best exam preparation - lots of activities are included along with support for all aspects of the examination *Know learning is in line with the IB ethos - support for TOK, international-mindedness and the learner profile is included *Be confident in quality - written by an experienced IB teacher About the series: The only DP resources developed directly with the IB, the Oxford IB Course Books are the most comprehensive core resources to support learners through their study. Fully incorporating the learner profile, resources are assessed by consulting experts in international-mindedness and TOK to ensure these crucial components are deeply embedded into learning.

For the two-semester A&P course. This package includes Mastering A&P. Equipping learners with 21st-century skills to succeed in A&P and beyond Human Anatomy & Physiology, by best-selling authors Elaine Marieb and Katja Hoehn, motivates and supports learners at every level, from novice to expert, equipping them with 21st century skills to succeed in A&P and beyond. Each carefully paced chapter guides students in advancing from mastering A&P terminology to applying knowledge in clinical scenarios, to practicing the critical thinking and problem-solving skills required for entry to nursing, allied health, and exercise science programs. From the very first edition, Human Anatomy & Physiology has been recognized for its engaging, conversational writing style, easy-to-follow figures, and its unique clinical insights. The 11th Edition continues the authors' tradition of innovation, building upon what makes this the text used by more schools than any other A&P title and addressing the most effective ways students learn. Unique chapter-opening roadmaps help students keep sight of "big picture" concepts for organizing information; memorable, familiar analogies describe and explain structures and processes clearly and simply; an expanded number of summary tables and Focus Figures help learners focus on important details and processes; and a greater variety and range of self-assessment questions help them actively learn and apply critical thinking skills. To help learners prepare for future careers in health care, Career Connection Videos and Homeostatic Imbalance discussions have been updated, and end-of-chapter Clinical Case Studies have been extensively reworked to include new NCLEX-Style questions. Reach every student by pairing this text with Mastering A&P Mastering (TM) is the teaching and learning platform that empowers you to reach every student. By combining trusted author content with digital tools and a flexible platform, Mastering personalizes the learning experience and improves results for each student. Mastering A&P should only be purchased when required by an instructor. Please be sure you have the correct ISBN and Course ID. Instructors, contact your Pearson representative for more information.

For courses in Human Physiology. This package includes Pearson Mastering A&P. Move beyond memorization: Prepare students for tomorrow's challenges Human Physiology: An Integrated Approach is the #1 best-selling 1-semester human physiology text world-wide. The 8th Edition engages students in developing a deeper understanding of human physiology by guiding them to think critically and equipping them to solve real-world problems. Updates, such as new Try It activities and detailed teaching suggestions in the new Ready-to-Go Teaching Modules, help students learn and apply mapping skills, graphing skills, and data interpretation skills. The text reflects Dr. Silverthorn's active learning style of instruction and builds upon the thorough integration of "big picture" themes with up-to-date cellular and molecular physiology topics that have always been the foundation of her approach. Pearson Mastering A&P features new Interactive Physiology 2.0 tutorials, new Try It! Coaching Activities, and Phys in Action! Video Tutors, complementing Human Physiology and providing a cohesive learning experience for today's learners. Reach every student by pairing this text with Pearson Mastering A&P Mastering (TM) is the teaching and learning platform that empowers you to reach every student. By combining trusted author content with digital tools and a flexible platform, Mastering personalizes the learning experience and improves results for each student. Pearson Mastering A&P should only be purchased when required by an instructor. Please be sure you have the correct ISBN and Course ID. Instructors, contact your Pearson representative for more information.

This beautifully illustrated volume brings to life all the excitement and challenge of the study of human anatomy and physiology in one stunning resource! Characterised by its friendly and accessible writing style, each chapter of Anatomy & Physiology, Adapted International Edition, comes with a range of helpful learning features such as Study Hints, Chapter Outlines, Language of Science and Medicine lists, Case Studies, Chapter Summaries and Review- and Critical Thinking Questions. The volume also boasts over 1400 images together with the unique underlying themes entitled the 'Big Picture' and 'Cycle of Life', which serve to emphasize the importance of the interrelationship between systems of the body and how these systems are influenced, in turn, by development and aging. Alongside this emphasis on interdependence and change, comes a focus on homeostasis, which enables the reader to see how the healthy body is one that is carefully tuned and that disease can readily occur when internal balance is disrupted. Anatomy and Physiology, Adapted International Edition, has been fully updated to make full reference European healthcare systems, including drugs, relevant investigations and local treatment protocols. The also book comes with an extensive website facility and accompanying Brief Atlas of the Human Body and Quick Guide to the Language of Science and Medicine. Anatomy & Physiology, Adapted International Edition, will be ideal for students of nursing and allied health professions, biomedical and paramedical science, operating department practice, complementary therapy and massage therapy, as well as anyone studying BTEC (or equivalent) human biology. Unique 'Clear View of the Human Body' allows the reader to build up a view of the body layer by layer Clear, conversational writing style helps demystify the complexities of human biology Content presented in digestible 'chunks' to aid reading and retention of facts Consistent unifying themes, such as the 'Big Picture' and 'Cycle of Life' features, help readers understand the interrelation of body systems and how they are influenced by age and development Accompanying Brief Atlas of the Human Body offers more than 100 full-colour transparencies and supplemental images that cover body parts, organs, cross sections, radiography images, and histology slides Quick Guide to the Language of Science and Medicine contains medical terminology and scientific terms, along with pronunciations, definitions, and word part breakdowns for terms highlighted in the text Numerous feature boxes such as Language of Science and Language of Medicine, Mechanisms of Disease, Health Matters, Diagnostic Study, FYI, and Sport and Fitness provide interesting and important side considerations to the main text More than 1,400 full-colour photographs and spectacular drawings illustrate the most current scientific knowledge and help bring difficult concepts to life Quick Check Questions within each chapter help reinforce learning by prompting readers to review what they just read Chapter outlines, chapter objectives and study tips begin each chapter Outline summaries, review questions, critical thinking questions, and case studies are included at the end of each chapter Study Hints found throughout the text give practical advice to students about mnemonics or other helpful means of understanding or recall Connect IT! features link to additional content online to facilitate wider study Helpful Glossary and Anatomical Directions Ideal for students who are new to the subject, or returning to study after a period of absence, and for anyone whose first language is not English

COLOURING - A FUN WAY TO LEARN AND REVISE ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY! Are you overwhelmed by how much you have to learn? Do you want a fun and easy way to study A&P, and remember it? The perfect antidote to hours of dense reading, colouring is fun, creative and a proven learning technique. Put pencil to paper and help your brain to make deep learning connections, improving your ability to retain knowledge and recall it in class, exams or practise. You'll learn without even realising it! Features include: Short and simple introductions to each subject An innovative two step approach, asking you to identify the anatomy and complete the label and add colour as you work through each illustration.

Biomedical scientists are the foundation of modern healthcare, from cancer screening to diagnosing HIV, from blood transfusion for surgery to food poisoning and infection control. Without biomedical scientists, the diagnosis of disease, the evaluation of the effectiveness of treatment, and research into the causes and cures of disease would not be possible. The Fundamentals of Biomedical Science series has been written to reflect the challenges of practicing biomedical science today. It draws together essential basic science with insights into laboratory practice to show how an understanding of the biology of disease is coupled to the analytical approaches that lead to diagnosis. Assuming only a minimum of prior knowledge, the series reviews the full range of disciplines to which a Biomedical Scientist may be exposed - from microbiology to cytopathology to transfusion science. Clinical Biochemistry provides a clear and comprehensive introduction to the biochemical basis of disease processes, and how these diseases can be investigated in the biomedical laboratory. New clinical case studies have been added to the second edition, to further emphasize the link between theory and practice and help engage students with the subject.

The Muscular System chart graphically portrays front and rear views of the male musculature. Other images include muscles of the abdominal wall, the outer muscles of the back and a plantar view of the foot. Heavy cover stock with protective varnish for durability.

Using a multidisciplinary approach, this book describes the biochemical mechanisms associated with dysregulation of proteases and the resulting pathophysiological consequences. It highlights the role and regulation of different types of proteases as well as their synthetic and endogenous inhibitors. The role of proteases was initially thought to be limited to general metabolic digestion. However, we now know that the role of protein breakdown is much more complex, and proteases have multiple functions: they are coupled to turnover and can affect protein composition, function and synthesis. In addition to eliminating abnormal proteins, breakdown has many modulatory functions, including activating and inactivating enzymes, modulating membrane function, altering receptor channel properties, affecting transcription and cell cycles and forming active peptides. The ubiquity of proteases in nature makes them an important target for drug development. This in-depth, comprehensive is a valuable resource for researchers involved in identifying new targets for drug development. With its multidisciplinary scope, it bridges the gap between fundamental and translational research in the biomedical and pharmaceutical industries, making it thought-provoking reading for scientists in the field.

Mitochondria produce the chemical energy necessary for eukaryotic cell functions; hence mitochondria are an essential component of health, playing roles in both disease and aging. More than 80 human diseases and syndromes are associated with mitochondrial dysfunction; this book focuses upon diseases linked to these ubiquitous organelles. Accumulation of mitochondrial DNA damage results in mitochondrial dysfunction through two main pathways. Mutation in mitochondrial DNA causes diseases such as Kearns-Sayre syndrome and Pearson syndrome. Mutation in chromosomal DNA causes diseases such as Parkinson's disease and schizophrenia. These and many other diseases are reviewed in this book. Key Features Presents the detailed structure of mitochondria, mitochondrial function, roles of oxidants and antioxidants in mitochondrial dysfunction. Includes summary of both causes and effects of these diseases. Discusses current and potential future therapies for mitochondrial dysfunction diseases Explores a wide variety of diseases caused by dysfunctional mitochondria.

The book highlights intricate predisposing factors for pathogenesis of nutritional anemia. It delivers valuable information related to this public health hazard influencing the nutritional health of preschool children. The book is valuable for readers in diverse fields to gain insight of the concept of nutritional anemia in preschool children. Additionally, book furnishes clinical and laboratory methods in a comparative way to assess nutritional anemia. Impact of the disorder on health of preschool children has been covered in a simple language. The book mentions need for interventional strategies for the management of nutritional anemia. Infants, preschool children and women during pregnancy and lactation are highly susceptible to dietary deficiency of iron, folic acid and cyanocobalamin leading to comparatively, higher predisposition to development of nutritional anemia. The condition has myriad of ill effects on nutritional health of preschool children.

Astrocytes play diverse roles in central nervous system (CNS) function and dysfunction, and the connections that the astrocyte makes with other cells of the brain are essential for a variety of important neural tasks. Bringing together contributions from international experts at the top of their field, Astrocytes: Wiring the Brain emphasizes cellular connections and surveys the most current findings on astrocyte activity. The first section of the book identifies major astrocyte biomarkers and describes how they define the different connectivity domains. Next, the book examines the role of these connections. It explains how their function can be manipulated under physiological conditions and how dysfunction of the connectivity leads to aberrant brain performance. The final section explores the alterations of glia that have been observed in specific diseases of the brain. These include epilepsy, autoimmune encephalitis, Alzheimer's disease, autism, and major depression. The book identifies key mechanisms responsible for these alterations. An important and emerging field, astrocytes and their functions are critical to neuroscientists and neurologists, both in academia and in industry, particularly in the search for and development of new drugs to combat a variety of diseases affecting the CNS. As research continues to grow in this area, this volume will spur heightened advances and understanding into the effects of these neural cells on a range of pathologies.

This book bridges the gap between fundamental research and biomedical and pharmacological applications on proteases. It represents a comprehensive overview of the multifaceted field of proteases in cellular environment and highlights the recently elucidated functions of complex proteolytic systems in different diseases. Several established investigators have elucidated the crucial role of proteases in biological processes, including how proteolytic function and regulation can be combined to develop new strategies of therapeutic interventions. Proteases form one of the largest and most diverse families of enzymes known. It is now clear that proteases are involved in every aspect of life functions of an organism. Under physiological conditions, proteases are regulated by their endogenous inhibitors; however, when the activity of proteases is not regulated appropriately, disease processes can result in. So, there is absolute need for a stringent control of proteolytic activities in cells and tissues. Dysregulation of proteases may cause derangement of cellular signalling network resulting in different pathophysiological conditions such as vascular remodelling, atherosclerotic plaque progression, ulcer and rheumatoid arthritis, Alzheimer disease, cancer metastasis, tumor progression and inflammation. Additionally, many infective microorganisms require proteases for replication or use proteases as virulence factors, which have facilitated the development of protease-targeted therapies for a variety of parasitic diseases.

This book elucidates the mechanisms involved in biological membrane functions. It describes the new modalities and characterization for basic in vitro as well as computer models of biological membranes. Biological membranes are analyzed in terms of advances in molecular dynamics. The individual chapters provide an in depth analysis of images from various biological models. The potential of membrane models in the context of treatment trials is discussed. The authors present new insights and current concepts for treatment procedures (nanocarriers, electroporation, channel blockers).

Vast numbers of different prokaryotic microorganisms shape the biosphere, with diverse metabolic capabilities. Determination of genome sequences for a wide range of bacteria and archaea now requires an in-depth knowledge of prokaryotic metabolic function to give biochemical, physiological and ecological meaning to the genomic information. This new edition describes up-to-date knowledge of the key metabolic processes that occur under different conditions, and the cellular processes that determine prokaryotic roles in the environment, biotechnology and human health. Essential for students of microbiology, applied microbiology, biotechnology, genomics and systems biology, this advanced textbook covers prokaryotic structure, composition, nutrient transport, biosynthesis and growth. Newly characterised metabolic pathways are included, as well as the latest understanding of metabolic regulation and stress responses. Additionally, the link between energetics, growth and survival is discussed as well as the maintenance of genetic integrity by the bacterial immune system.

Why do elephants have sturdier thigh bones than humans? Why can't ostriches fly? How do bacteria swim through fluids? With each chapter structured around relevant biological case studies and examples, this engaging, full-colour book introduces fundamental physical concepts essential in the study of biological phenomena. Optics is introduced within the context of butterfly wing colouration, electricity is explained through the propagation of nerve signals, and accelerated motion is conveniently illustrated using the example of the jumping armadillo. Other key physical concepts covered include waves, mechanical forces, thermodynamics and magnetism, and important biological techniques are also discussed within this context, such as gel electrophoresis and fluorescence microscopy. A detailed appendix provides further discussion of the mathematical concepts utilised within the book, and numerous exercises and quizzes allow readers to test their understanding of key concepts. This book is invaluable to students aiming to improve their quantitative and analytical skills and understand the deeper nature of biological phenomena.

Acute heart failure is a potentially life threatening situation where correct, rapid therapy can save lives. Information from the latest research and studies has been used to update this text to bring the latest understanding of the pathophysiology together with a practical guide to diagnosis and management using an evidenced based approach. Since the first edition of Acute Heart Failure, this research has brought to light three important issues to be integrated into a second edition. First, the so-called "vascular heart failure" has been identified as a common and decisive mechanism provoking acute heart failure due to the coupling and interaction between the heart (right and left heart) and the large vessel systems (aorta and pulmonary artery). Second, the interaction and cross-talk between heart and kidneys, the so-called 'cardiorenal syndrome' has been identified as another feature of acute heart failure syndromes. Third, we have new knowledge and updated points of views about the development of pulmonary hypertension in patients suffering from heart failure, the group 2 of the classification system of pulmonary hypertension. These are all covered in this second edition. This revision to a seminal text is a valuable addition to any practitioner who treats patients with acute heart failure and wants a deeper understanding of the condition.

Eric Widmaier (Boston University), Hershel Raff (Medical College of Wisconsin), and Kevin Strang (University of Wisconsin) have taken on the challenge of maintaining the strengths and reputation of Vander's Human Physiology: The Mechanisms of Body Function. Moving beyond the listing of mere facts, it stresses the causal chains of events that constitute the mechanisms of body function. The fundamental purpose of this textbook is to present the principles and facts of human physiology in a format that is suitable for undergraduates, regardless of academic background or field of study. Vander's Human Physiology, fifteenth edition, carries on the tradition of clarity and accuracy, while refining and updating the content to meet the needs of today's instructors and students. The new edition offers an integrated package of textual and digital material to help deliver basic and clinical content, real-life applications, and educational technologies to students of physiology. With the 15th edition of Vander's Human Physiology, all these pieces come together to facilitate learning and enthusiasm for understanding the mechanisms of body function. Users who purchase Connect A&P receive access to the following digital resources: LearnSmart, PrepSmartBookTegrity (Lecture Capture), Ph.i.L.S. (Physiology Interactive Laboratory Simulations), Anatomy & Physiology Revealed (Cadaver Version.)

This book is intended as a source of information for the many scientists who now enter the growing research field of vitamin A in health and disease, reviewing the epidemiological aspects related to vitamin A.

This book highlights the important role free fatty acids (FFA) play as potential drug targets. While FFA have long been considered byproducts of cell metabolism, they are now recognized as ligands that regulate cell and tissue function via G-protein-coupled receptors. At least three receptors have been identified for which FFA appear to be the endogenous ligands.

An innovative theory proposes a new therapeutic strategy to break the stalemate in the war on cancer. It is called cancer stem cell (CSC) theory, and Lucie Laplane offers a comprehensive analysis, based on an original interdisciplinary approach that combines biology, biomedical history, and philosophy. Rather than eliminating all cancerous cells-with harmful side-effects for patients-CSC theory suggests that it is sufficient to target CSCs, a small fraction of cells that lie at the root of cancers. CSCs are cancer cells that also have the defining properties of stem cells-self-renewal and differentiation. According to this theory, only CSCs and no other cancer cells can induce tumor formation. To date, researchers have not agreed on the defining feature of CSCs-their stemness. Drawing from a philosophical perspective, Laplane shows that four ideas are in play: stemness can be categorical (an intrinsic property of stem cells), dispositional (an intrinsic property whose expression depends on external stimuli), relational (an extrinsic property determined by a cell's relationship with the microenvironment), or systemic (an extrinsic property controlled at the system level). Our ability to cure cancers may well depend upon determining how these definitions apply to different types of cancers.

• How can we predict the trajectory of a baseball from bat to outfield?
• How do the dimples in a golf ball influence its flight from tee to pin?
• What forces determine the path of a soccer ball steered over a defensive wall by an elite player?

An understanding of the physical processes involved in throwing, hitting, firing and releasing sporting projectiles is essential for a full understanding of the science that underpins sport. This is the first book to comprehensively examine those processes and to explain the factors governing the trajectories of sporting projectiles once they are set in motion.

From a serve in tennis to the flight of a ?human projectile? over a high jump bar, this book explains the universal physical and mathematical principles governing movement in sport, and then shows how those principles are applied in specific sporting contexts. Divided into two sections, addressing theory and application respectively, the book explores key concepts such as:

• friction, spin, drag, impact and bounce
• computer and mathematical modelling
• variable sensitivity
• the design of sports equipment
• materials science.

Richly illustrated throughout, and containing a wealth of research data as well as worked equations and examples, this book is essential reading for all serious students of sports biomechanics, sports engineering, sports technology, sports equipment design and sports performance analysis.

The 3rd edition of Understanding Diabetes has been updated with new and additional information. Includes a general definition of diabetes.Describes how diabetes is diagnosed. Illustrates what happens in diabetes and insulin action in a body cell. Also describes the following types of diabetes: type I diabetes type 2 diabetes including factors causing insulin resistance pre-diabetes prenatal diabetes Discusses diabetes in youth.Lists symptoms and risk factors. And includes tips for successful diabetes management. Available in the following size and formats: 20" x 26" heavy paper ISBN 978-14698-9489-8 20" x 26" laminated with eyelets at top corners ISBN 978-14698-9492-8 printed in USA

This book systematically reviews sensory and motor nerve conduction studies on the ulnar nerve, from pilot human studies of peripheral nerve conduction in the 1950s through to the most recent scientific evidence. Precise descriptions are provided of approx. 70 nerve conduction techniques that were reproduced in the laboratory, with organization of the techniques according to practical criteria for ease of reference. Particular attention is devoted to those techniques that have shown higher sensitivity and specificity in diagnosis of compressive mononeuropathies, such as ulnar neuropathy at the elbow or wrist. Normal and pathological values derived from the original articles and the subsequent literature are presented, and the wealth of illustrative material facilitates comprehension and reproduction of each technique. The volume is completed by a detailed, well-illustrated glossary explaining the more commonly used terms in electrodiagnostic medicine. This book will appeal to novice and experienced neurologists, students, clinical neurophysiology technicians, and rehabilitation physicians. It represents a logical extension of the volumes on the median nerve recently published by Springer.

This book is a concise but detailed treatise on the laryngeal nervous system. It is ideal for researchers starting work in this field in that it provides a quick update on present-day basic neurolaryngology. A brief introduction to the methodology that made recent progress possible is followed by a review of classical basic neuroanatomy and neurophysiology. Additionally, the book provides some of the most recent findings in neurolaryngology. The many illustrative figures and microscopic photographs help readers to achieve a clearer understanding of the text and ample references provide links to further reading in specific areas of the field. The book contains much general material that will be instructive even for researchers not specializing in basic neurolaryngology and will provide an essential grounding for clinicians in laryngology.