The 'long twelfth century' (1075-1225) was an era of seminal importance in the development of the book in medieval Europe and marked a high point in its construction and decoration. This comprehensive study takes the cultural changes that occurred during the 'twelfth-century Renaissance' as its point of departure to provide an overview of manuscript culture encompassing the whole of Western Europe. Written by senior scholars, chapters are divided into three sections: the technical aspects of making books; the processes and practices of reading and keeping books; and the transmission of texts in the disciplines that saw significant change in the period, including medicine, law, philosophy, liturgy, and theology. Richly illustrated, the volume provides the first in-depth account of book production as a European phenomenon.

This twenty-fourth volume of ABHB (Annual bibliography of the history of the printed book and libraries) contains 4247 records, selected from some 1600 periodicals, the list of which follows this introduction. They have been compiled by the National Committees of the following countries: Latin America Arab Countries Australia Latvia Austria Luxembourg Belarus The Netherlands Belgium Norway Canada Poland Croatia Portugal Estonia Rumania Finland Russia France South Africa Germany Spain Great Britain Sweden Hungary Switzerland Iceland Ukrain Ireland (Republic of) USA Italy Benevolent readers are requested to signal the names of bibliographers and historians from countries not mentioned above, who would be willing to co operate to this scheme of international bibliographic collaboration. The edi tor will greatly appreciate any communication on this matter. Subject As has been said in the introduction to the previous volumes, this bibliography aims at recording all books and articles of scholarly value which relate to the history of the printed book, to the history of the arts, crafts, techniques and equipment, and of the economic, social and cultural environment, involved in its production, distribution, conservation, and description. Of course, the ideal of a complete coverage is nearly impossible to attain. However, it is the policy of this publication to include missing items as much as possible in the forthcoming volumes. The same applies to countries newly added to the bibliography.

This twenty-sixth volume of ABHB (Annual bibliography of the history of the printed book and libraries) contains 3753 records, selected from some 1000 periodicals, the list of which follows this introduction. They have been compiled by the National Committees of the following countries*: Arab Countries Latvia Australia Luxembourg Belarus Mexico Belgium The Netherlands Canada Poland Croatia Portugal Estonia Rumania Finland Russia Germany South Africa Great Britain Spain Hungary Switzerland Iceland Turkey Ireland Ukraine Italy USA Latin America Benevolent readers are requested to signal the names of bibliographers and historians from countries not mentioned above, who would be willing to co-operate to this scheme of international bibliographic collaboration. The editor will greatly appreciate any communication on this matter. Subject As has been said in the introduction to the previous volumes, this biblio graphy aims at recording all books and articles of scholarly value which relate to the history of the printed book, to the history of the arts, crafts, techniques and equipment, and of the economic, social and cultural envi ronment, involved in its production, distribution, conservation, and descrip tion. Of course, the ideal of a complete coverage is nearly impossible to at- * Unfortunately the French and Austrian contributions could not be submitted in time. They will be added to the next volume. VIII INTRODUCTION tain. However, it is the policy of this publication to include missing items as much as possible in the forthcoming volumes. The same applies to coun tries newly added to the bibliography.

This twenty-eighth volume of ABHB (Annual bibliography of the history of the printed book and libraries) contains 5045 records, selected from some 1000 periodicals, the list of which follows this introduction. They have been compiled by the National Committees of the following countries: Latvia Arab Countries Australia Lithuania Belarus Luxembourg Belgium Mexico The Netherlands Bulgaria Canada Poland Portugal Croatia Estonia Romania Finland Russia France Slovakia Great Britain Spain Sweden Hungary Iceland Switzerland Ireland Ukraine Italy USA Latin America Benevolent readers are requested to signal the names of bibliographers and historians from countries not mentioned above, who would be willing to co-operate to this scheme of international bibliographic collaboration. The editor will greatly appreciate any communication on this matter. Subject As has been said in the introduction to the previous volumes,' this biblio graphy aims at recording all books and articles of scholarly value which relate to the history of the printed book, to the history of the arts, crafts, techniques and equipment, and of the economic, social and cultural envi ronment, involved in its production, distribution, conservation, and descrip tion.

This twenty-third volume of ABBB (Annual bibliography of the history of the printed book and libraries) contains 3956 records, selected from some 1600 periodicals, the list of which follows this introduction. They have been compiled by the National Committees of the following countries: Arab Countries Italy Australia Latin America Austria Latvia Belgium Luxembourg Byelorussia The Netherlands Canada Poland Croatia Portugal Denmark Rumania Estonia Russia Finland South Africa Spain France Germany Sweden Great Britain Switzerland Hungary Ukrain Ireland (Republic of) USA Benevolent readers are requested to signal the names of bibliographers and historians from countries not mentioned above, who would be willing to co-operate to this scheme of international bibliographic collaboration. The editor will greatly appreciate any communication on this matter. Subject As has been said in the introduction to the previous volumes, this bibliography aims at recording all books and articles of scholarly value which relate to the history of the printed book, to the history of the arts, crafts, techniques and equipment, and of the economic, social and cultural environment, involved in its production, distribution, conservation, and description. Of course, the ideal of a complete coverage is nearly impossible to attain.

This twenty-first volume of ABHB (Annual bibliography of the history of the printed book and libraries) contains 4210 records, selected from some 2000 periodicals, the list of which follows this introduction. They have been compiled by the National Committees of the following countries: Arab countries Latin America Australia Luxembourg Austria The Netherlands Belgium Norway Bulgaria Poland Canada Portugal Denmark Rumania Finland South Africa France Spain German Federal Republic Sweden Great Britain USA Hungary USSR Ireland (Republic ot) Yugoslavia Italy Latin America and the Arab countries are being covered through the good offices of American and British colleagues. Benevolent readers are requested to signal the names of bibliographers and historians from countries not mentioned above, who would be willing of international bibliographic collaboration. to co-operate to this scheme The editQr will greatly appreciate any communication on this matter. Subject As has been said in the introduction to the previous volumes, this bibliography aims at recording all books and articles of scholarly value which relate to the history of the printed book, to the history of the arts, VIII INTRODUCTION crafts, techniques and equipment, and of the economic, social and cultural environment, involved in its production, distribution, conservation, and description. Of course, the ideal of a complete coverage is nearly impossible to attain. However, it is the policy of this publication to include missing items as much as possible in the forthcoming volumes. The same applies to countries newly added to the bibliography.

Making Hypermedia Work: A User's Guide to HyTime discusses how the HyTime standard can be applied to real world problems of navigating from here to there in collections of documents. The HyTime standard itself provides enabling method and templates for various information structures such as links and various kinds of location indicators. A HyTime application specifies how a group applies those templates to their particular requirements. This involves choosing which HyTime structures are needed, setting up conventions for how they are to be used and setting up management and processes for creation, conversion and update of hypermedia documents. A HyTime engine is the last ingredient: actually using an application typically involves choosing software to support one's use of HyTime and customizing it as needed. This may be as simple as setting up hypertextual style sheets that determine how links and other things look and act. More specialized applications may require full-scale design and programming. Making Hypermedia Work: A User's Guide to HyTime presents the first in-depth guide to the HyTime specifications, both describing its key features and providing guidelines on how it is used. The book begins with the more familiar structures of books, graphics and cross-references, detailing the HyTime constructs and models used to identify, locate, and link data. It goes on to introduce some of HyTime's mechanisms for linking multidimensional, multimedia data, and for scheduling it in space and time. The authors help the reader become fluent in HyTime as it applies to the simpler and most widely understood data types. After mastering this level of HyTime, readers will be ready and able to explore the exciting potential of HyTime for more sophisticated multimedia applications.

This twenty-seventh volume of ABHB (Annual bibliography of the history of the printed book and libraries) contains 5076 records, selected from some 1000 periodicals, the list of which follows this introduction. They have been compiled by the National Committees of the following countries: Arab Countries Italy Australia Latin America Austria Latvia Lithuania Belarus Belgium Luxembourg Bulgaria Mexico The Netherlands Canada Croatia Poland Estonia Portugal Finland Rumania France Russia Germany South Africa Great Britain Spain Hungary Sweden Switzerland Iceland Ukraine Ireland Israel USA Benevolent readers are requested to signal the names of bibliographers and historians from countries not mentioned above, who would be willing to co-operate to this scheme of international bibliographic collaboration. The editor will greatly appreciate any communication on this matter. Subject As has been said in the introduction to the previous volumes, this biblio graphy aims at recording all books and articles of scholarly value which relate to the history of the printed book, to the history of the arts, crafts, techniques and equipment, and of the economic, social and cultural envi ronment, involved in its production, distribution, conservation, and descrip tion. Of course, the ideal of a complete coverage is nearly impossible to at tain. However, it is the policy of this publication to include missing items as VIII INTRODUCTION much as possible in the forthcoming volumes. The same applies to coun tries newly added to the bibliography.

Contemporary Publishing and the Culture of Books is a comprehensive resource that builds bridges between the traditional focus and methodologies of literary studies and the actualities of modern and contemporary literature, including the realities of professional writing, the conventions and practicalities of the publishing world, and its connections between literary publishing and other media. Focusing on the relationship between modern literature and the publishing industry, the volume enables students and academics to extend the text-based framework of modules on contemporary writing into detailed expositions of the culture and industry which bring these texts into existence; it brings economic considerations into line alongside creative issues, and examines how employing marketing strategies are utilized to promote and sell books. Sections cover: The standard university-course specifications of contemporary writing, offering an extensive picture of the social, economic, and cultural contexts of these literary genres The impact and status of non-literary writing, and how this compares with certain literary genres as an index to contemporary culture and a reflection of the state of the publishing industry The practicalities and conventions of the publishing industry Contextual aspects of literary culture and the book industry, visiting the broader spheres of publishing, promotion, bookselling, and literary culture Carefully linked chapters allow readers to tie key elements of the publishing industry to the particular demands and features of contemporary literary genres and writing, offering a detailed guide to the ways in which the three core areas of culture, economics, and pragmatics intersect in the world of publishing. Further to being a valuable resource for those studying English or Creative Writing, the volume is a key text for degrees in which Publishing is a component, and is relevant to those aspects of Media Studies that look at interactions between the media and literature/publishing.

This encyclopaedia explains all the current specialist terminology from the fields of book studies, librarianship, information and documentation as well as 'new media'. The first edition has been updated and considerably enlarged in order to cover the latest developments, particularly in 'new media'. Among the areas concerned are the internet, automatic indexing methods, abstracting and electronic developments in librarianship such as virtual libraries and digital libraries. The encyclopaedia is both a useful introduction and a textbook for librarians, documentalists and information scientists.

10 Publishing Myths offers authors the chance to succeed in the publishing world by giving them practical tools they can use to succeed and dodge the myths of the industry. The publishing world is filled with misconceptions and myths. Therefore, it is terrific for authors to have big ambitions as their book is being published, but, it is also important to be realistic and understand the world of publishing. W. Terry Whalin has worked with hundreds of authors and published a number of bestsellers, and he knows that it is important to focus on creating a good book and not realistic about the business aspects. Within 10 Publishing Myths, Terry focuses on giving authors a realistic picture of the book world then detailing practical steps they can take to succeed. Inside 10 Publishing Myths, authors learn the actions they can take to succeed, they get a step-by-step guide for practical results, and so much more!

This book grew out of the Fourth Conference on Computers and the Writing Process, held at the University of Sussex in March 1991. The conference brought together a wide variety of people interested in most aspects of computers and the writing process including, computers and writing education, computer supported fiction, computers and technical writing, evaluation of computer-based writing, and hypertext. Fifteen papers were selected from the twenty-five delivered at the conference. The authors were asked to develop them into articles, incorporating any insights they had gained from their conference presentations. This book offers a survey of the wide area of Computers and Writing, and describes current work in the design and use of computer-based tools for writing. University of Sussex M.S. October, 1991 Note from Publisher This collection of articles is being published simultaneously as a special issue, Volume 21(1-3), of Instructional Science - An International Journal of Learning and Cognition. Instructional Science 21: 1-4 (1992) 1 (c) Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht Introduction MIKE SHARPLES School of Cognitive and Computing Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BNl 9QH, United Kingdom.

The Book Publishing Industry focuses on consumer books (adult, juvenile, and mass market paperbacks) and reviews all major book categories to present a comprehensive overview of this diverse business. In addition to the insights and portrayals of the U.S. publishing industry, this book includes an appendix containing historical data on the industry from 1946 to the end of the twentieth century. The selective bibliography includes the latest literature, including works in marketing and economics that has a direct relationship with this dynamic industry.

This third edition features a chapter on e-books and provides an overview of the current shift toward digital media in the US book publishing industry. A Companion Website features PowerPoints on market structure and editorial processes as well as bibliographies and up-to-date industry statistics.

SHORTLISTED FOR THE BOOKS ARE MY BAG READERS AWARDS! We lead increasingly time-poor lifestyles, bombarded 24/7 by petrifying news bulletins, internet trolls and endless noises. Where has the joy and relaxation gone from our daily lives? Scribbles in the Margins offers a glorious antidote to that relentless modern-day information churn. It is here to remind you that books and bookshops can still sing to your heart. Warm, heartfelt and witty, here are fifty short essays of prose poetry dedicated to the simple joy to be found in reading and the rituals around it. These are not wallowing nostalgia; they are things that remain pleasurable and right, that warm our hearts and connect us to books, to reading and to other readers: smells of books, old or new; losing an afternoon organising bookshelves; libraries; watching a child learn to read; reading in bed; impromptu bookmarks; visiting someone's home and inspecting the bookshelves; stains and other reminders of where and when you read a book. An attempt to fondly weigh up what makes a book so much more than paper and ink - and reading so much more than a hobby, a way of passing time or a learning process - these declarations of love demonstrate what books and reading mean to us as individuals, and the cherished part they play in our lives, from the vivid greens and purples of childhood books to the dusty comfort novels we turn to in times of adult flux. Scribbles in the Margins is a love-letter to books and bookshops, rejoicing in the many universal and sometimes odd little ways that reading and the rituals around reading make us happy.

The aim of this book and the rationale behind writing it are twofold, and are born of experience in working in the field with geologists, builders, land scapers, and people in the construction and building trades in general. This author, in his capacity as a geologist, air photo interpreter, and surveyor, has been asked to consult on very simple tasks that should be a part of the general knowledge of nearly everyone in the building trades. There is a definite and clear need for a short, simple, well-illustrated, and concise book that treats problems encountered every day by people in the field, and for training such people. This is such a book. The primary aim of the book, then, is not to write about new knowledge in the areas of photogrammetry or mathematics, or to discuss the latest procedures in using complex electrooptical surveying devices, but to give the common, everyday worker in the field (and there are many of them) some assistance and guidance."

Ideas about human nature are forms of anthropological knowledge; they are woven from ideas about human characteristics that vary historically and culturally: about the body, the psyche, the social context, and transcendence - in other words, about the "nature" or "essence" of humanity. Thisinterdisciplinary publication uses representative case studies to explore the particularities and evolution of ideas about human nature, as communicatedby the media, and to draw conclusions about the fundamental relationship between mediality and ideas concerning what it is to be human.

A cumulated subject index of the 17 volumes of Annual Bibliography of the History of the Printed Book and Libraries (ABHB) which have appeared to date, has been wanted for some time. It seemed appropriate not to wait for another couple of years, until a more rounded number of volumes, say twenty, were published. On the other hand, it is the intention to publish a new cumulated subject index after volume 25. This cumulation, as the subject indexes of the other individual volumes of ABHB, comprises personal and corporate names, titles of works, mainly of periodicals, and geographical names, in as far as they were recorded as subjects. ABHB does not provide a detailed topical index. The reader is directed to the broad subject classification, which is used in all volumes of ABHB. H. VERVLIET a Veleslavina, Daniel Adam,S: 268 ABS-Arbeit in BUd und Zeit [D], 16: Abo [SF], 15: 2286-2287 2857 Aachen [D], 10: 1749, 2403; 11: Academia [SU], 5: 1293; 8: 1924; 1818; 13: 1808; 14: 420; 15: 11: 1417; 15: 1922-3; 16: 1685; 17: 1808 2285; 17: 2169, 3046 Aalborg [DK], 3: 1937a Academie de Calvin [CH], 2: 1433 Aalst [B], 6: 157, 1686 Academy of Sciences Press, Aamulehti [SF], 12: 2429; 13: 2440 Leningrad [SU], 11: 747 Aarau [CH], 12: 2110; 16: 1885 Ache, d', Louis, 8: 353 Aarflot, Sivert, 5: 561c Achelley, Thomas, 1: 1967 Aarhus [DK], 2: 1243; 8: 2289, Ackerknecht, Erwin, 6: 1318; 7:

Synthetic fibres are widely used for many applications, with their colour being of major commercial importance. This extensively referenced book provides a comprehensive account of the physical chemistry of the dyeing of synthetic fibres and microfibres.

Printing and imaging has a major impact on everyone. From the obvious examples of newspapers, magazines and comics through to photographs, currency and credit cards, and even the less obvious example of compact discs, everyone is familiar with the end products of printing and imaging. Until recently, the major printing and imaging technologies have been impact printing and silver halide photography. Important impact printing technologies are offset lithography, gravure, flexography and screen printing. All these technologies, including silver halide photography, are mature and have changed little over the past few decades. In contrast, the phenomenal growth of silicon chip technology over the past 15 years or so has spawned a new era of printing and imaging systems, the so-called non impact (or electronic) printers. Not all the non-impact printing technologies are of equal commercial importance. Some, like diazotype and conventional photolithography, are mature and are declining in importance. Other technologies, though relatively new, have not achieved notable commercial success. Electro graphy and magnetography fall into this category. The remaining tech nologies such as optical data storage (the technology used in compact discs), thermography (the technology used in electronic photography), ink jet printing and electrophotography are the non-impact printing tech nologies that are both modern and which have achieved remarkable commercial success, especially ink-jet printing and electrophotography.

This twenty-fifth volume of ABHB (Annual bibliography of the history of the printed book and libraries) contains 4678 records, selected from some 1000 periodicals, the list of which follows this introduction. They have been compiled by the National Committees of the following countries*: Latvia Arab Countries Australia Luxembourg Belarus Mexico Belgium The Netherlands Canada Poland Croatia Portugal Estonia Rumania Finland Russia South Africa Germany Great Britain Spain Hungary Sweden Iceland Switzerland Ireland Turkey Italy Ukraine Latin America USA Benevolent readers are requested to signal the names of bibliographers and historians from countries not mentioned above, who would be willing to co-operate to this scheme of international bibliographic collaboration. The editor will greatly appreciate any communication on this matter. Subject As has been said in the introduction to the previous volumes, this biblio graphy aims at recording all books and articles of scholarly value which relate to the history of the printed book, to the history of the arts, crafts, techniques and equipment, and of the economic, social and cultural envi ronment, involved in its production, distribution, conservation, and descrip tion."

This twentienth volume of ABHB (Annual bibliography oj the history oj the printed book and libraries) contains 3899 records, selected from some 2000 periodicals, the list of which follows this introduction. They have been compiled by the National Committees of the following countries: Latin America Arab countries Luxembourg Australia The Netherlands Austria Norway Belgium Poland Bulgaria Portugal Canada Rumania Denmark South Africa Finland Spain France Sweden German Democratic Republic Switzerland German Federal Republic USA Great Britain USSR Hungary Yugoslavia Ireland (Republic of) Italy Latin America and the Arab countries are being covered through the good offices of American and British colleagues. Owing to unforeseen circumstances the major part of the Belgian contri bution will be included in volume 21. Benevolent readers are requested to signal the names of bibliographers and historians from countries not mentioned above, who would be willing to co-operate to this scheme of international bibliographic collaboration. The editor will greatly appreciate any communication on this matter. Subject As has been said in the introduction to the previous volumes, this bibliography aims at recording all books and articles of scholarly value which relate to the history of the printed book, to the history of the arts, VIII INTRODUCTION crafts, techniques and equipment, and of the economic, social and cultural environment, involved in its production, distribution, conservation, and description. Of course, the ideal of a complete coverage is nearly impossible to attain."

This fifteenth volume of ABHB (Annual bibliography of the history of the printed book and libraries) contains 4405 records, selected from some 2000 periodicals, the list of which follows this introduction. They have been compiled by the National Committees of the following countries: Australia Latin America Austria Luxembourg Belgium The Netherlands Bulgaria Norway Canada Poland Denmark Portugal Finland Rumania France South Africa German Democratic Republic Spain German Federal Republic Sweden Great Britain Switzerland Hungary USA Ireland (Republic of) USSR Italy Yugoslavia Latin America is being covered through the good offices of American colleagues. Norway and Sweden have also joined ABHB. As usual, they will endeavour to cover the literature from 1970 on. Benevolent readers are requested to signal the names of bibliographers and historians from countries not mentioned above, who would be willing to co-operate to this scheme of international bibliographic collaboration. The editor will greatly appreciate any communication on this matter. Subject As has been said in the introduction to the previous volumes, this bibliography aims at recording all books and articles of scholarly value which relate to the history of the printed book, to the history of the arts, crafts, techniques and equipment, and of the economic, social and cultural VIII INTRODUCTION environment, involved ig its production, distribution, conservation, and description. Of course, the ideal of a complete coverage is nearly impossible to attain.

It was Faraday who in 1821 said that there are three necessary stages of useful research. The first to begin it, the second to* end it, and the third 1 to publish it. There has since indeed been so much research and publication that we have become increasingly alarmed by the galloping proliferation of scientific information produced in relation to the user's ability to retrieve and consume it effectively, conveniently and creatively. In 1948, to deal with this concern, the Royal Society Scientific Infor 1 mation Conference held in London spanned the whole realm of scientific in formation. Sir Robert Robinson, President of the Royal Society, in his open ing address noted that "the study of scientific information services in all its ramifications has enormous scope", and the London conference dealt with scientific publication, format, editorial policy, subject grouping, organiza tion, abstracting, reviews, classification, indexing and training of infor mation officers. It was about this time that information science began to develop more on the retrieval end, so it seems logical that the first editors' group founded in 1949 was ICSU AB, the International Council of Scientific Unions Abstract ing Board. In 1958 the National Academy of Sciences International Conference of 2 Scientific Information in Washington limited its interests and expanded on the later phases of the life cycle of information - storage and retrieval.

This twelfth volume of ABHB (Annual bibliography of the history of the printed book and libraries) contains 3333 records, selected from some 2000 periodicals, the list of which follows this introduction. They have been compiled by the National Committees of the following countries: Italy Australia Austria Luxembourg Belgium The Netherlands Poland Bulgaria Canada Portugal Denmark Rumania Finland South Africa France Spain German Democratic Republic Switzerland German Federal Republic USA Great Britain USSR Hungary Yugoslavia Ireland (Republic of) Spain and Latin America have partially been covered through the good of fices of an American colleague. Benevolent readers are requested to signal the names of bibliographers and historians from countries not mentioned above, who would be willing to co-operate to this scheme of international bibliographic collaboration. The editor will greatly appreciate any communication on this matter. Subject As has been said in the introduction to the previous volumes, this bibliography aims at recording all books and articles of scholarly value which relate to the history of the printed book, to the history of the arts, crafts, techniques and equipment, and of the economic, social and cultural VIII INTRODUCTION environment, involved in its production, distribution, conservation, and description. Of course, the ideal of a complete coverage is nearly impossible to attain. However, it is the policy of this publication to include missing items as much as possible in the forthcoming volumes. The same applies to countries newly added to the bibliography."