The book provides detailed information on breast cancer and covers all the aspects of this rapidly spreading disease, such as applied anatomy and physiology, causative factors, various Investigations to reach a concise, definitive and complete diagnosis. The management of breast cancer involves multi-modality treatment and the book describes all the modalities in a very clear manner. It also discusses in a very lucid and practical way. the multi-prong treatment that the patient requires . Additionally, the book covers lesser-known areas of the subject like rehabilitation, management of lymphoedema, Extravasation of chemo-Infusion, organization of breast cancer management group, breast cancer awareness and patient education, follow up of the patient, and psychological support to these patients who have undergone mutilation of their organ. Edited by experts the chapters are contributed by renowned onco-sugeons from high volume and reputed centers in India such as, PGIMER, Chandigarh, AIIMS, New Delhi, and TMH, Mumbai among others. The book serves as a useful resource for surgeons, medical oncologists, radiotherapists, pathologists, radiologists and many other specialists interested in the field of breast cancer and actively working in this area. It is useful for practitioners and residents as well as for those who want to learn the different aspects of this disease.

This book is based on the best contributions to the advancement of bioimpedance knowledge and use from the Latin American Congress series, CLABIO. Basic bioimpedance facts as well as promising and original contributions to bioimpedance theory and applications are presented, giving the reader stimulating material for reflection, decision making, and further experiments. Contributions come from a diverse international pool of experts and address topics on electrode and skin impedance modelling, tomography, spectroscopy, instrumentation, and clinical applications.

Focusing on high-yield information, Breast Imaging: The Core Requisites, 4th Edition emphasizes the basics to help you establish a foundational understanding of breast imaging during rotations, prepare for the core and certifying exams, refresh your knowledge of key concepts, and learn strategies to provide "value-added" reports to referring clinicians. This completely rewritten and reorganized edition emphasizes the essential knowledge you need in an easy-to-read format, with thorough updates that cover new imaging modalities, the latest guidelines, and integration of physics information throughout. Emphasizes the essentials in a templated, quick-reference format that includes numerous outlines, tables, pearls, boxed material, and bulleted content for easy reading, reference, and recall. Helps you build and solidify core knowledge to prepare you for clinical practice with critical, up-to-date information on mammography, breast ultrasound, digital breast tomosynthesis, and breast MRIs, as well as special chapters on lymph node evaluation in breast imaging, augmented and reconstructed breast, and special populations in breast imaging. Features hundreds of high-quality images, including correlations of ultrasound, mammography, digital breast tomosynthesis and MRI. Published as part of the newly reimagined Core Requisites series, an update to the popular Requisites series aimed at radiology trainees and today's busy clinicians. An eBook version is included with purchase. The eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures and references, with the ability to search, customize your content, make notes and highlights, and have content read aloud.

This issue discusses the newest approaches to PET/CT Imaging. The roles of PET/CT in pulmonary masses, GI malignancies, head and neck cancer, lymphoma, soft tissue sarcoma, pancreatic and biliary tree malignancies, malignant melanoma, breast carcinoma, common pediatric malignancies, bone malignancies, and the role PET/CT plays in radiation oncology treatment planning are reviewed.

This book provides a concise yet comprehensive source of information on the classification, evaluation, diagnosis, and management of vascular lesions of the orbit and face. It highlights recent technological innovations and new treatments that have significantly improved the ability to accurately evaluate and successfully treat these lesions with reduced complications. Some of these advances include new imaging modalities, intravascular and intralesional treatment approaches, photodynamic therapy, and additional medical therapies. Many of these advances have led to paradigm shifts in the understanding and management of vascular lesions of the orbit and face. This book, written by experts in the fields of ophthalmology, dermatology, diagnostic and interventional radiology, and oculoplastic surgery, features structured, in-depth chapters that can also be quickly consulted as a reference guide. It is an excellent resource for those in training as well as seasoned practitioners wishing to acquaint themselves with the newest diagnostic and treatment techniques for orbital vascular lesions.

In recent years magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has enriched the technological potential available for the characterization of cardiovascular pathologies, adding substantial advantages to other non-invasive techniques. This technique, which is intrinsically digital and has reduced operator dependency, allows the performance of image analysis in a quantitative and reproducible manner.

The use of non-ionizing energy with the consequent absence of an environmental impact and of operator and patient biohazards makes MRI a winning technique when evaluating the risk - benefit ratio in comparison to other imaging methods.

In virtue of its added diagnostic value and inherent refinements that allow construction of two- and three-dimensional images, MRI is gaining a primary role in the histopathological and physiopathological understanding of a large number of pathologies concerning the heart and vessels.

This text is addressed both to MRI operators seeking specific technical information and to clinicians who wish to have a better understanding of the diagnostic and management advantages that MRI can offer.

Accurate radiation dosimetry is a requirement of radiation oncology, diagnostic radiology and nuclear medicine. It is necessary so as to satisfy the needs of patient safety, therapeutic and diagnostic optimisation, and retrospective epidemiological studies of the biological effects resulting from low absorbed doses of ionising radiation. The radiation absorbed dose received by the patient is the ultimate consequence of the transfer of kinetic energy through collisions between energetic charged particles and atoms of the tissue being traversed. Thus, the ability of the medical physicist to both measure and calculate accurately patient dosimetry demands a deep understanding of the physics of charged particle interactions with matter. Interestingly, the physics of charged particle energy loss has an almost exclusively theoretical basis, thus necessitating an advanced theoretical understanding of the subject in order to apply it appropriately to the clinical regime.

Each year, about one-third of the world's population is exposed to ionising radiation as a consequence of diagnostic or therapeutic medical practice. The optimisation of the resulting radiation absorbed dose received by the patient and the clinical outcome sought, whether diagnostic or therapeutic, demands accuracy in the evaluation of the radiation absorbed doses resulting from such exposures. This requirement arrises primarily from two broadly-encompassing factors: The requirement in radiation oncology for a 5% or less uncertainty in the calculation and measurement of absorbed dose so as to optimise the therapeutic ratio of the probabilities of tumour control and normal tissue complications; andThe establishment and further refinement of dose reference levels used in diagnostic radiology and nuclear medicine to minimise the amount of absorbed dose for a required degree of diagnostic benefit.

The radiation absorbed dose is the outcome of energetic charged particles decelerating and transferring their kinetic energy to tissue. The calculation of this energy deposition, characterised by the stopping power, is unique in that it is derived entirely from theoretical principles. This dominant role of the associated theory makes its understanding of fundamental to the calculation of the radiation absorbed dose to the patient.

The theoretical development of charged particle energy lossrecognised inmedical physics textbooksis in general limited to basic derivations based upon classical theory, generally a simplified form of the Bohr theory. More advanced descriptions of, for example, the Bethe-Bloch quantum resultusually do not go beyond the simplepresentationofthe result "without "full explanation of the theoretical development of the theory and consideration of its limitations, its dependencies upon the Born perturbation theory and the various correction factors needed to correct for the failures of that Born theory at higher orders. This is not appropriate for a full understanding of the theory that its importance deserves. The medical radiation physicist should be aware of the details of the theoretical derivations of charged particle energy loss in order to appreciate the levels of accuracy in tabular data provided in reports and the calculation methodologies used in modern Monte Carlo calculations of radiation dosimetry."

The second edition of this easy-to-understand pocket guide remains an invaluable tool for students, assistant practitioners and radiographers. Providing an accessible introduction to the subject in a reader-friendly format, it includes diagrams and photographs to support the text. Each chapter provides clear learning objectives and a series of MCQs to test reader assimilation of the material. The book opens with overviews of image production, basic mathematics and imaging physics, followed by detailed chapters on the physics relevant to producing diagnostic images using X-rays and digital technologies. The content has been updated throughout and includes a new chapter on CT imaging and additional material on radioactivity, dosimetry, and imaging display and manipulation. Clark's Essential Physics in Imaging for Radiographers supports students in demonstrating an understanding of the fundamental definitions of physics applied to radiography ... all you need to know to pass your exams!

The Computational Biomechanics for Medicine titles provide an opportunity for specialists in computational biomechanics to present their latest methodologiesand advancements. Thisvolumecomprises twelve of the newest approaches and applications of computational biomechanics, from researchers in Australia, New Zealand, USA, France, Spain and Switzerland. Some of the interesting topics discussed are:real-time simulations; growth and remodelling of soft tissues; inverse and meshless solutions; medical image analysis; and patient-specific solid mechanics simulations. One of the greatest challenges facing the computational engineering community is to extend the success of computational mechanics to fields outside traditional engineering, in particular to biology, the biomedical sciences, and medicine. We hope the research presented within this book series will contribute to overcoming this grand challenge.

The completely revised and updated edition --with essential information on improved treatments
Earlier editions of this text have established it as an excellent primer for radiotherapy of head and neck cancers. Now this new volume brings this material fully up to date with recent developments concerning treatment techniques, use of modalities, and the management of early and advanced tumors. With fresh data published here for the first time, this superb resource has been extensively reworked to include:
* A broad range of strategies for managing carcinomas of the oral cavity, horopharynx, hypopharynx, larynx, nasopharynx, paranasal sinuses, nasal cavity, salivary glands, and eye.
* Greatly expanded material on applied anatomy, treatment methods, and technical pointers.
* Detailed site-specific treatment coverage--pathology, staging, selection of modalities, radiation techniques, current treatment data, and more.
* An in-depth case study analysis, comparing conventional radiation therapy to altered fractionation radiation therapy.
* A separate chapter on dental care before, during, and after radiation therapy.
* New illustrations throughout, plus over 100 photographs
This text provides invaluable guidance on the management of head and neck neoplasms to radiation oncologists, head and neck surgeons, oral surgeons, medical oncologists, medical students, and residents.

Modern life is increasingly relying on digital technology, which in turn runs on mathematics. However, this underlying math is hidden from us. That is mostly a good thing since we do not want to be solving equations and calculating fractions just to get things done in our everyday business. But the mathematical details do matter for anyone who wants to understand how stuff works, or wishes to create something new in the jungle of apps and algorithms. This book takes a look at the mathematical models behind weather forecasting, climate change prediction, artificial intelligence, medical imaging and computer graphics. The reader is expected to have only a curious mind; technical math skills are not needed for enjoying this text.

With its ability to explore the surface of the sample by means of a local scanning probe and its use of dedicated software allows to be visualize results, atomic force microscopy (AFM) has revolutionized the study of the smallest aspects of life. Atomic Force Microscopy in Biomedical Research: Methods and Protocols proves that this technology is no longer simply just another form of microscopy but has given rise to a completely new way of using microscopy that fulfils the dreams of all microscopists: being able to touch, move, and interact with the sample while it is being examined, thus making it possible to discover not only morphological but also chemical and physical structural information. Covering such topics as molecule imaging, nanoscale surface analysis and cellular imaging, force-spectroscopy, investigating drug action, and AFM as a nanotool, this volume features the most up-to-date techniques currently in use. Written in the Methods in Molecular Biology (TM) series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials, step-by-step, readily reproducible protocols, and expert tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Comprehensive and cutting-edge, Atomic Force Microscopy in Biomedical Research: Methods and Protocols brings together different types of applications in order to provide examples from diverse fields in the hope of inspiring researchers to apply their ingenuity in their own specialization and add significant originality to their varying studies.

Completely up to date with the latest examination changes, Get Through First FRCR: Questions for the Anatomy Module offers a valuable insight into the updated anatomy module of the First FRCR examination. Over 150 5-part picture questions are presented according to syllabus topics, accurately reflecting the content, style and level of difficulty of the actual examination questions. Anatomical images are included from all modalities commonly used in current radiological practice (plain x-rays, CT, MRI, ultrasound, nuclear medicine). Each question includes a full explanation for each of the 5 stems, providing appropriate anatomy knowledge and relevant radiological learning points for the candidate. Featuring a wealth of practice questions plus one full mock examination, this book has been designed for candidates to assess their knowledge, identify topics that require further study and to build up confidence in preparation for the exam day. Written by Specialty Trainees in Radiology, Get Through First FRCR: Questions for the Anatomy Module is the essential revision tool for all First FRCR candidates preparing for the newly revised examination.

Biomedical EPR - Part A focuses on applications of EPR spectroscopy in the areas of free radicals, metals, medicine, and physiology. The book celebrates the 70th birthday of Prof. James S. Hyde, Medical College of Wisconsin, and his contributions to this field. Chapters are written to provide introductory material for new-comers to the field which lead into up-to-date reviews that provide perspective on the wide range of questions that can be addressed by EPR.

Key Features:
Free Radicals in Medicine

Radicals in vivo and in Model Systems, and their Study by Spin Trapping

In vivo EPR, including Oximetry and Imaging

Time Domain EPR at Radio Frequencies

EPR of Copper Complexes: Motion and Frequency Dependence

Time Domain EPR and Electron Spin Echo Envelope Modulation

This book talks about photoplethysmography (PPG) techniques based on computer-aided data processing. In particular, it presents the results of a co-operative Indo-German project on the topic between Indian Institute of Technology at Chennai and RWTH Aachen University. Measuring system design, experimental details and some preliminary results obtained so far within the framework of this project are presented here. From the investigations carried out so far using the PPG sensors in conjunction with breathing sensors, it has been possible to monitor the 0.125 to 0.15 Hz rhythms in the arterial volumetric changes and to study the influence of breathing on them. These rhythms, which according to medical experts have relevance to psychosomatic conditions e.g. stress or relaxation, can also be addressed to by ancient Indian practices like yoga and meditation. This book presents the results of studying the effects of Indian relaxation techniques like pranayama, meditation, etc. in comparison to western relaxation techniques like autogenic training. So far it has been established that the Indian techniques of relaxation like yoga and meditation are very effective in generating low frequency rhythms in the skin perfusion as monitored by optical sensors. According to medical experts, these low frequency rhythms have a very important bearing on the human physiology and have potential therapeutic implications. This book is meant to provide an overview of the current state-of-knowledge and encourage the next generation of scientists/engineers to carry this work forward, especially on the novel PPG application fields that are of growing importance like pain and stress assessment, detection of peripheral venous saturation and local arterio-venous oxygen consumption as well as contactless space resolved skin perfusion studies with modern camera based PPG technology.

This book is based on deep learning approaches used for the diagnosis of neurological disorders, including basics of deep learning algorithms using diagrams, data tables, and practical examples, for diagnosis of neurodegenerative and neurodevelopmental disorders. It includes application of feed-forward neural networks, deep generative models, convolutional neural networks, graph convolutional networks, and recurrent neural networks in the field of diagnosis of neurological disorders. Along with this, data pre-processing including scaling, correction, trimming, normalization is also included. Offers a detailed description of the deep learning approaches used for the diagnosis of neurological disorders Demonstrates concepts of deep learning algorithms using diagrams, data tables, and examples for the diagnosis of neurodegenerative disorders; neurodevelopmental, and psychiatric disorders. Helps build, train, and deploy different types of deep architectures for diagnosis Explores data pre-processing techniques involved in diagnosis Include real-time case studies and examples This book is aimed at graduate students and researchers in biomedical imaging and machine learning.

This book opens with an introduction to the main purpose and tasks of the GIANA challenge, as well as a summary and an analysis of the results and performance obtained by the 20 participating teams. The early and accurate diagnosis of gastrointestinal diseases is critical for increasing the chances of patient survival, and efficient screening is vital for locating precursor lesions. Video colonoscopy and wireless capsule endoscopy (WCE) are the gold-standard tools for colon and intestinal tract screening, respectively. Yet these tools still present some drawbacks, such as lesion miss rate, lack of in vivo diagnosis capabilities, and perforation risk. To mitigate these, computer-aided detection/diagnosis systems can play a key role in assisting clinicians in the different stages of the exploration. This book presents the latest, state-of-the-art approaches in this field, and also tackles the clinical considerations required to efficiently deploy these systems in the exploration room. The coverage draws upon results from the Gastrointestinal Image Analysis (GIANA) Challenge, part of the EndoVis satellite events of the conferences MICCAI 2017 and 2018. Each method proposed to address the different subtasks of the challenges is detailed in a separate chapter, offering a deep insight into this topic of interest for public health. This book appeals to researchers, practitioners, and lecturers spanning both the computer vision and gastroenterology communities.

This book fills the gap between the increasing demand for epilepsy surgical experience and limited training facilities in this area. It comprehensively describes surgical techniques, including tricks and pitfalls, based on the author's 30 years of experience, providing optimal and effective training for young neurosurgeons by avoiding learning by trial and error. Moreover, it also includes useful information for epileptologists and other professionals involved in the epilepsy surgical program to allow them to gain a better understanding of possibilities and limitations of epilepsy surgery.

This book serves as a practical guide for the use of stereotactic body radiation therapy in clinics. On the basis of more than 10 years of clinical experience with lung cancer, liver cancer and other cancers, a remarkable volume of knowledge has been accumulated. At the same time, great progress in techniques has been achieved. Various new fixing apparatuses, new respiratory regulation techniques, new dose fractionation schedules and new image-guided radiation therapy machines have been developed. This book reviews the history of those developments and reports on various types of toxicities. Review of recent clinical studies is also included. The authors were key members of the JCOG 0403 clinical trials on stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) for both inoperable and operableT1N0M0 primary lung cancer. Readers will learn of the superior outcomes obtained with SBRT for lung cancer and other cancers in terms of local control and toxicities. With its practical focus, this book will benefit radiation oncologists, medical physicists, medical dosimetrists, radiation therapists and senior nurses as well as medical oncologists and surgical oncologists who are interested in radiotherapy.

Edited, authored, and reviewed by an expert team of oncologists and nuclear physicians/radiologists, this one-of-a-kind title helps you make the most of the critical role PET/CT plays in cancer staging and therapeutic responses to individualized treatments. Drs. Mohsen Beheshti, Werner Langsteger, and Alireza Rezaee place an emphasis on cutting-edge research and evidence-based practice, ensuring that you're up to date with every aspect of this fast-changing field. For each tumor entity, you'll find authoritative discussions of background, pathology, common pattern of spread, TNM classification, clinical guidelines, discussion, evidence-based recommendations, key points, and pitfalls. Contains 130 teaching cases with high-quality PET/CT images. Presents clear, practical guidance from multiple experts across subspecialties: nuclear medicine, oncology, oncologic surgery, radiation oncology, and clinical research. Includes separate, comprehensive chapters on head and neck, lung, breast, esophageal/gastric, pancreas/neuroendocrine, colorectal, hepatobiliary, lymphoma, gynecologic, prostate, melanoma, and brain cancers. Features short reviews of clinical aspects of different cancers, primary diagnostic procedures, and recommendations regarding PET/CT from ESMO and NCCN. Helps to reveal positive outcomes or potential deficits or weaknesses in an individual plan of care, allowing for better outcomes in patient care, future cancer research, and application of radiotracers beyond 18F-FDG.

In this issue of Neuroimaging Clinics, guest editor Dr. Tarik F. Massoud brings his considerable expertise to the topic of Neuroimaging Anatomy, Part 2: Head, Neck, and Spine. Anatomical knowledge is critical to reducing both overdiagnosis and misdiagnosis in neuroimaging. This issue is part two of a two-part series on neuroimaging anatomy that focuses on the head, neck, and spine. Each article addresses a specific area such as the orbits, sinonasal cavity, temporal bone, pharynx, larynx, and spinal cord. Contains 14 relevant, practice-oriented topics including anatomy of the orbits; maxillofacial skeleton and facial anatomy; temporal bone anatomy; craniocervical junction and cervical spine anatomy; anatomy of the spinal cord, coverings, and nerves; and more. Provides in-depth clinical reviews on neuroimaging anatomy of the head, neck, and spine, offering actionable insights for clinical practice. Presents the latest information on this timely, focused topic under the leadership of experienced editors in the field. Authors synthesize and distill the latest research and practice guidelines to create clinically significant, topic-based reviews.

- First book to focus on deep learning-based approaches in the field of cancer diagnostics. - Covers the state of the art across a wide-range of topics. - Topics include preprocessing data, prediction of cancer susceptibility and reoccurence, detection of different cancers, complexity and challenges.

This book provides a thorough overview of recent methods using higher level information (object or scene level) for advanced tasks such as image understanding along with their applications to medical images. Advanced methods for fuzzy image processing and understanding are presented, including fuzzy spatial objects, geometry and topology, mathematical morphology, machine learning, verbal descriptions of image content, fusion, spatial relations, and structural representations. For each methodological aspect covered, illustrations from the medical imaging domain are provided. This is an ideal book for graduate students and researchers in the field of medical image processing.

This book covers all various research areas using nano systems in the field of bio nanotechnology to fight against cancer for diagnosis and therapy including drug delivery from fundamentals to advanced levels. Book has designed such a way that, anyone who is interested to understand, learn or start his/her research career in the field of bio nanotechnology in cancer, can use as a gateway to enter in to the field as well as a serious advanced researcher can use as the reference text book. Due to multidisciplinary nature of the subject, the book has written so that advanced undergraduate, graduate, postgraduate and researchers from different fields can follow and understand the subject very easily. Plenty of figures and art works are used to convey the idea visibly and effortlessly