Der Autor untersucht den Stellenwert volkswirtschaftlicher Inhalte innerhalb der kaufmannischen Berufsbildung. Wahrend fachorientierte Lehrplane durch enge inhaltliche Vorgaben gekennzeichnet sind, eroeffnen lernfeldbasierte Rahmenlehrplane mit Blick auf die unterrichtliche Umsetzung unterschiedliche inhaltliche Schwerpunktsetzungen. Der Autor zeichnet die fachliche Genese volkswirtschaftlicher Inhalte nach und pruft, welche Einflussfaktoren die unterrichtliche Relevanz volkswirtschaftlicher Inhalte beeinflussen. In diesem Rahmen stehen personelle Aspekte auf Seiten der Lehrpersonen sowie die Wirkung von Abschlussprufungen im Fokus der Arbeit.

"It's simply peerless - there's no other book with this range of coverage and this amount of class questions. Melville deserves its place as the UK's leading tax textbook" Christopher Coles, University of Stirling "The book fits very well with the content and learning objectives of taxation modules" Gwen Hannah, University of Dundee Now in its 21st annual edition, Melville's Taxation continues to be the definitive, market-leading text on UK taxation. This text serves as a comprehensive guide for students taking a first level course in the subject. Featuring clean, uncluttered prose and a wealth of immensely practical examples, this edition brings the book completely up to date with the provisions of the Finance Act 2015. Comprehensively updated to reflect the Finance Act 2015, including: This book will be of value to both undergraduate and professional students of business and accounting, and will be particularly useful for students preparing for the following examinations: ICAEW Professional Stage, Principles of Taxation; Taxation; ACCA Fundamentals Level, Taxation; ACCA Technician Scheme, Foundations in Taxation; CIPFA Diploma Stage, Public Finance and Taxation; AAT Level 4 Diploma, Personal Tax and Business Tax; ATT Certificates, Personal Taxation; Business Taxation and Accounting Principles; AIA Foundation Level, Auditing and Taxation; IFA Level 4, Tax for SMEs. Visit www.pearsoned.co.uk/melville for our suite of resources to accompany this textbook, including a complete solutions guide and Powerpoints slides for each chapter; opportunities for extra practice, and links to relevant web pages. Alan Melville FCA BSc Cert Ed. is a best-selling author. Previously a Senior Lecturer at Nottingham Trent University, he has many years' experience of teaching accounting and financial reporting.

Most African countries are in dire need of more tax revenue. In 28 out of 45 countries with a value-added tax (VAT), total tax revenue as a percentage of GDP is around 15% or less, falling short of what is necessary to finance basic human and economic development. Far from being revenue-raising instruments, current African VATs are riddled with exemptions, exclusions, and zero rates on domestic goods and services that depress revenue, are highly distortionary, and greatly complicate the administration of VAT. Modernizing VATs in Africa enables policymakers, professionals, and students to analyse African tax systems to ascertain how they can be modernized. It explains the case for VAT base-broadening over rate-increasing, arguing that exemptions and zero rates mainly accrue benefits for higher-income groups. Even more persuasively, it demonstrates that the net result of fiscal systems can be equalizing if the revenue of broad-based VATs is used to finance in-kind transfers, such as healthcare and education. VAT modernization should be used to enable governments to finance development; Modernizing VATs in Africa puts a compelling case forward for how and why this can be achieved.

An important feature of this book is its analysis of various contemporary issues in applied economics, distinguished by advanced theoretical research and empirical analysis focusing on Japan and Korea. The book consists of four parts, the first of which investigates economic growth and welfare, using tools of applied analysis. In Part II, it examines inequality, redistribution, and intergenerational transfers, mainly on an empirical basis. In turn, Part III explores public policy and political economics, while Part IV addresses resource and environmental economics on the basis of data from Japan and Korea. In addition to offering valuable insights, this collection of papers commemorates the 10th anniversary of academic exchange between the Japan Association for Applied Economics (JAAE) and the Korean Association for Applied Economics (KAAE).

Die Autorin untersucht die finanzielle Lage der oeffentlichen Haushalte, die sowohl von der demografischen und wirtschaftlichen Entwicklung als auch von den finanziellen Verflechtungen innerhalb des Staatssektors beeinflusst wird. Die Bedeutung dieser Faktoren tritt besonders bei regionaler Betrachtung hervor. Die Modellierung des Staatsbudgets auf der Ebene der Bundeslander hat zum Ziel, die Ursachen, Kausalzusammenhange und den Einfluss des Landerfinanzausgleichs abzubilden. Dazu wahlt die Autorin einen integrierten und umfassenden Ansatz, mit dem zukunftige Entwicklungsrichtungen aufgezeigt werden koennen. Sie diskutiert eine Auswahl der in der OEffentlichkeit diskutierten Reformvorschlage zur Neuordnung des Landerfinanzausgleichs hinsichtlich ihrer gesamtwirtschaftlichen und finanziellen Auswirkungen.

This book addresses the optimization of taxation systems, a topic currently being explored by scholars all over the world. It puts forward a critical opinion on the problem and offers an original approach to solving it - through informatization. The target audience of the book includes not only scholars and experts who professionally deal with taxation optimization issues, but also representatives of public authorities, and the general public. The book offers sound and practical solutions for the informatization-based optimization of taxation systems, and its conclusions and recommendations could be used in the management of tax systems for modern economic systems and in taxation optimization for specific economic subjects - individuals and organizations alike - , ensuring a broad range of practical applications.

This book analyses the reform of Greece's public revenue administration promoted by its international lenders under the successive bailout agreements put in place since 2010. In particular, it shows how an integral part of the finance ministry was converted into an independent agency operating largely outside the direct control of the finance minister. The authors focus on the implementation of this major reform and demonstrate the impact of domestic decisions on the increasing specificity of the international lenders' demands and the concomitant lack of confidence in the Greek political elite's commitment to the reform package. This book helps readers understand the response to the eurozone crisis (especially, the conditionality of funding), Greece's reform capacity with a focus on its tax administration, and the expansion of the scope of non-majoritarian institutions in Western democracies.

This book provides a concise and pragmatic introduction to transfer pricing. Approaching the subject from an economic and business perspective, it familiarizes the reader with the basic concepts without getting sidetracked by tax law. In turn, the book draws on case studies to demonstrate the identification and application of appropriate transfer pricing methods for the most common intercompany transactions. The intuitive step-by-step guidance, together with integrated Excel-based tools, will equip the reader to ensure compliance with the arm's length principle and thus to minimize tax risk. Based on the post-BEPS OECD Guidelines, the book's content is applicable to a global context.

For women and other marginalized groups, the reality is that the laws regulating estates and trusts may not be treating them fairly. By using popular feminist legal theories as well as their own definitions of feminism, the authors of this volume present rewritten opinions from well-known estates and trust cases. Covering eleven important cases, this collection reflects the diversity in society and explores the need for greater diversity in the law. By re-examining these cases, the contributors are able to demonstrate how women's property rights, as well as the rights of other marginalized groups, have been limited by the law.

For women and other marginalized groups, the reality is that the laws regulating estates and trusts may not be treating them fairly. By using popular feminist legal theories as well as their own definitions of feminism, the authors of this volume present rewritten opinions from well-known estates and trust cases. Covering eleven important cases, this collection reflects the diversity in society and explores the need for greater diversity in the law. By re-examining these cases, the contributors are able to demonstrate how women's property rights, as well as the rights of other marginalized groups, have been limited by the law.

The unsustainable, and still rapidly growing, U.S. federal government debt is a classic case of ''in denial." Despite numerous congressional committees, bipartisan commissions, and votes, we are no closer to a solution to the debt crisis than we were more than a decade ago. In fact, in 2018, a congressional committee was appointed to recommend budget process reforms, but that committee could not agree on any recommendations to submit to Congress.In this timely volume, scholars and policymakers assess the United States' fiscal constraints and provide new perspectives that are desperately needed in order to solve the nation's debt crisis. Previous recommendations focused on the outcomes of fiscal policy but perhaps we should take a step back and ask whether the fiscal and budget process rules themselves should be reformed. The essays in A Fiscal Cliff suggest that "unless we reform our fiscal rules and institutions, we are not likely to solve the debt crisis and restore sustainable fiscal policies." While the dominant sentiment is that maybe if we ignore it, it will just go away, the debt crisis will not just vanish. A Fiscal Cliff is a timely addition to a critical policy discussion.

The Telegraph Tax Guide is the UK's bestselling tax handbook, containing everything you need to know about completing a self-assessment tax return for the 2021/22 financial year. With advice on how to complete self-assessment tax returns and a number of tax saving tips, this indispensable book includes: - Key changes from the Budget and Treasury Statements - Dealing effectively with HR Revenue and Customs - Worked illustrations showing you how to complete your tax submission - How living or working abroad affects the tax that you pay - Tax saving tips which help you save money Whether you are self-employed, work part time of full time, are unemployed or retired, if you pay tax The Telegraph Tax Guide is invaluable. It helps ensure that you are as tax efficient as possible, offering practical advice, timetables and examples that make the complex and challenging world of tax returns easier to understand.

Seit 2007 tragt der ULG Migrationsmanagement an der Universitat Salzburg dazu bei, Studierenden eine interdisziplinar vermittelte Kompetenz im Bereich Migration zu vermitteln. Dieser Sammelband dokumentiert die wissenschaftlichen Ansatze der entsprechenden migrations-, sozial-, kultur- und religionswissenschaftlichen Module des Curriculums sowie Beitrage von Studierenden, in denen die Themenstellung ihrer Masterarbeit konzentriert vorgestellt wird. Auf diese Weise gewahrt das Buch Einblick in ein breites Spektrum von Herausforderungen, die von Fragen der Mindestsicherung, der Pflege und prekarer Beschaftigung bis zum Verstandnis von Entwicklung und zum Islamunterricht in der Schule reichen, und leistet dadurch auch einen Beitrag zur Versachlichung und Konkretisierung der Migrationsdebatte.

Restrukturierungsvereinbarungen, die bei aussergerichtlichen Restrukturierungen zwischen einer deutschen Aktiengesellschaft und angloamerikanisch gepragten Distressed Hedge Funds abgeschlossen werden, legen regelmassig deren Einstieg uber einen Debt to Equity Swap in die Gesellschaft schuldrechtlich fest. Dies kann einen Konflikt mit der aktienrechtlichen Organisationsverfassung hervorrufen, weil sich die verschiedenen Organe der AG gegenseitig Verhaltenspflichten auferlegen. Vor diesem Hintergrund beleuchtet die Dissertation zum einen die aktienrechtliche Zulassigkeit von Restrukturierungsvereinbarungen, zum anderen beschaftigt sie sich mit Zustimmungspflichten der verschiedenen Stakeholder zu einem in einer Restrukturierungsvereinbarung ganzheitlich festgelegten Restrukturierungskonzept.

Tax scholars traditionally emphasize economics and assume that all tax systems can be evaluated in more or less the same way. By applying the insights of anthropology, sociology, and other social sciences, Michael A. Livingston demonstrates that tax systems frequently pursue different values and that the convergence of tax systems is frequently overstated. In Tax and Culture, he applies these insights to specific countries, such as China and India, and specific tax issues, including progressivity, tax avoidance, and the emerging area of environmental taxation. Livingston concludes that the concept of a global tax culture is, in many cases, merely a reflection of Western hegemony, and is unlikely to survive the changes implicit in the rise of non-Western nations and cultures.

Existing corporate taxes distort many aspects of firm behavior. To the extent that the corporate tax rate is lower than personal tax rates, taxes favor corporate activity, and favor retaining earnings rather than paying earnings out to employees and investors. Multinationals can even avoid these taxes by shifting income into tax havens. Given the ease with which multinationals can evade tax, the existing income tax structure faces major pressures, as reflected in average statutory corporate tax rates halving in recent decades. The Element speculates on alternative tax structures that will avoid these problems.

This timely reference analyzes the rationale, impact, and feasibility of taxation of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) as a public health measure to contribute curbing obesity and diabetes rates, specifically in Canada. It presents the pros and cons of taxing soda, with the latest data on adverse health effects of its consumption, plus the various business and political issues surrounding the contentious proposition. Reviewed research is multidisciplinary, spanning health and medicine to ethics, economics, and law. Conclusions and caveats are clear and presented at a comfort level for the general reader. The result is a blueprint for analyzing the relevancy of taxes on sweetened soft drinks or other low-nutrition food products, plus a trove of valuable insights into aspects of government decision-making and consumer food behavior. Included in the coverage: * Reasons for specifically targeting SSBs * SSB taxation as a public health policy instrument * Effects of SSB taxation on energy intakes and population health * Potential undesirable effects relating to SSB taxation * Social and political acceptability of SSB taxation * Evaluability of SSB taxation Taxing Soda for Public Health will interest policymakers, public health professionals, advocacy groups, and researchers at the Canadian and international levels (e.g., in areas such as public health, nutrition, food and health policies, health economics, and evaluation), as well as students and all other parties interested in nutrition policies.

From the 1980s onward, income inequality increased in many advanced countries. It is very difficult to account for the rise in income inequality using the standard labour supply/demand explanation. Fiscal redistribution has become less effective in compensating increasing inequalities since the 1990s. Some of the basic features of redistribution can be explained through the optimal tax framework developed by J. A. Mirrlees in 1971. This Element surveys some of the earlier results in linear and nonlinear taxation and produces some new numerical results. Given the key role of capital income in the overall income inequality, it also considers the optimal taxation of capital income. It examines empirically the relationship between the extent of redistribution and the components of the Mirrlees framework. The redistributive role of factors such as publicly provided private goods, public employment, endogenous wages in the overlapping generations model and income uncertainty are analysed.

Over the past 30 years sustainability has become increasingly important to scholarly research and business in practice. This book explores a variety of challenges faced by businesses when becoming sustainable and how this links to economic development and its corruption, ethical and taxation implications. Showcasing an interdisciplinary approach, the chapters explore topics such as business ethics, corporate responsibility, tax governance and sustainability practice.

Bringing a unique voice to international taxation, this book argues against the conventional support of multilateral co-operation in favour of structured competition as a way to promote both justice and efficiency in international tax policy. Tsilly Dagan analyzes international taxation as a decentralized market, where governments have increasingly become strategic actors. While many of the challenges of the current international tax regime derive from this decentralized competitive structure, Dagan argues that curtailing competition through centralization is not necessarily the answer. Conversely, competition - if properly calibrated and notwithstanding its dubious reputation - is conducive, rather than detrimental, to both efficiency and global justice. International Tax Policy begins with the basic normative goals of income taxation, explaining how competition transforms them and analyzing the strategic game states play on the bilateral and multilateral level. It then considers the costs and benefits of co-operation and competition in terms of efficiency and justice.