Accelerating Cleanup at Toxic Waste Sites: Fast-tracking Environmental Actions and Decision Making presents truly innovative advances in investigative and cleanup technologies, offering valuable solutions that streamline the data collection process, speed up the time it takes to characterize a site, and expedite decision making.
Using easy to understand graphic displays, tables, text summaries, and real world case studies, and by synthesizing technical and regulatory reference information crucial to the development of effective cleanup strategies,
this book provides the framework for environmental professionals to develop project and program approaches that meet today's needs.
An advanced text for those with at least basic understanding of environmental investigation, cleanup, regulations, decision making, and policy development, Accelerating Cleanup at Toxic Waste Sites addresses the "human" side of the environmental industry and why it is perhaps one of the most important considerations for successful accelerated cleanup. This book takes the next step by providing managers, project teams, and other professionals with approaches that bring techniques, regulations, strategies, and people together into one comprehensive package that works.

Metal Speciation and Bioavailability in Aquatic Systems is the first comprehensive review to deal with fundamental concepts and models, speciation measurements and field applications in metal speciation and bioavailability in aquatic environments. This volume provides a thorough review of current developments concerning the interactions between trace metals and aquatic organisms. Metal Speciation and Bioavailability in Aquatic Systems provides:

• The first comprehensive approach to the subject covering all aspects of trace metal ecotoxicology in the environment.
• Essential reading for researchers and graduate students who will appreciate critical reviews of classical and modern methods of metal speciation.
• Contributions from leading scientists from many disciplines assessing both analytical and physical methods applied to this growing field of environmental analysis.
• An introduction to the use of laboratory bioassays as predictive tools for understanding trace metalorganism interactions.
• An examination of the use and limitations of bioassays in management decisions.

The Congress "Arsenic in the Environment" offers an international, multi- and interdisciplinary discussion platform for research aimed towards a holistic solution to the problem posed by the environmental toxin arsenic, with considerable societal impact. The congress has focused on cutting edge and breakthrough research in physical, chemical, toxicological, medical, agricultural and other specific issues on arsenic across a broader environmental realm. The Congress "Arsenic in the Environment" was first organized in Mexico City (As2006) followed by As2008 in Valencia, Spain, As2010 in Tainan, Taiwan and As2012 in Cairns, Australia. The 5th International Congress As2014 was held May 11-16, 2014 in Buenos Aires, Argentina and entitled One Century of the Discovery of Arsenicosis in Latin America (1914-2014). The session topics comprised: Theme 1: Arsenic in environmental matrices (air, water and soil) Theme 2: Arsenic in food Theme 3: Arsenic and health Theme 4: Removal technologies Theme 5: Mitigation management and policy Hosting this Congress in Argentina was especially relevant because 2014, marks 100 years since the discovery of the disease Hidroarsenicismo Cronico Regional Endemico (HACRE) or arsenicosis by Dr. Goyenechea and Dr. Ayerza in the city of Bell Ville, Province of Cordoba, Argentina. Dr. Ayerza was the first person to relate skin disorders to the consumption of groundwater with high concentrations of arsenic. It is estimated that more than 14 million people in Latin America are at risk, of whom nearly 4 million are exposed to drinking water with high arsenic concentration in Argentina, and further in Chile, El Salvador, Mexico, Nicaragua and Peru. A vast area of the Chaco-Pampean Plain in Argentina, mostly in the semi-arid regions, is affected not only by arsenic exposure from drinking water but also through other exposure pathways, e.g. through food and other dietary intake. The Congress has gathered professionals involved in different segments of interdisciplinary research in an open forum, and strengthens relations between academia, industry, research laboratories, government agencies and the private sector to share an optimal atmosphere for exchange of knowledge, discoveries and discussions about the problem of arsenic in the environment.

Bringing together more than thirty influential regulators, academics, and industry scientists, Ecological Models for Regulatory Risk Assessments of Pesticides: Developing a Strategy for the Future provides a coherent, science-based view on ecological modeling for regulatory risk assessments. It discusses the benefits of modeling in the context of registrations, identifies the obstacles that prevent ecological modeling being used routinely in regulatory submissions, and explores the actions needed to overcome these obstacles. The book focuses on the following issues: Uncertainties in the process of model development, such as design, analysis, documentation, and communication The availability of data and background information needed for optimal modeling The limited knowledge of modeling The lack of confidence in the outcome of ecological models and their reliability in pesticide risk assessment It also suggests future solutions to these challenges, including: A guidance document on the modeling process Case studies that show how ecological models can provide reliable ecologically relevant risk assessments Training the people who generate or evaluate results obtained by ecological models Focusing on ecological models, such as unstructured population models, stage-structured matrix models, and individual- or agent-based models, this volume helps regulatory authorities, manufacturers, and scientists assess the risk of plant protection products in nontarget organisms. Armed with this knowledge, readers will better understand the challenges of using ecological modeling in the regulatory process.

Praise for the First Edition "This book is easy to read and has many informative illustrations...I would strongly recommend this book to those interested in a broad introduction to the care and use of laboratory guinea pigs as well as to laboratory animal technicians, managers, veterinarians and scientists who do not have direct access to large, well organized animal resource units with extensive library facilities." -John D. Young, Contemporary Topics The Laboratory Guinea Pig provides a compact and well- illustrated introduction to research on the guinea pig. The second edition of this popular handbook facilitates quick reference to the behavioral and physical traits of the guinea pig, as well as practical information on its unique anatomical and biological features. Numerous tables and color illustrations help the reader identify features of anatomy and understand health issues and care requirements. Supplying a stepwise introduction to common laboratory techniques, the new edition of this trusted reference provides guidance that supports the humane care and use of guinea pigs in the laboratory setting.

This is a compilation of questions with answers for students of toxicology. The questions are a mixture of short answer, problem-solving, data interpretation and multiple choice and cover all the major areas of toxicology, including mechanisms of toxicity, toxic responses, factors affecting the toxicity of compounds and the metabolism and disposition of toxic compounds. The book should also be useful for qualified toxicologists and scientists working in related areas who are preparing for internal examinations.

The third edition of the Toxicologist's Pocket Handbook, like the first two editions, is a scaled-down version of the best-selling Handbook of Toxicology. It provides the most frequently used toxicology reference information in a convenient pocket-sized book. The format remains the same as the earlier editions to allow basic reference information to be located quickly, with the information placed in sections specific to subspecialties of toxicology. A detailed table of contents lists all tables and figures contained in the book by section. This expanded edition contains a number of tables not found in the second edition added to sections on lab animals, general toxicology, dermal and ocular toxicology, genetic toxicology/carcinogenesis, neurotoxicology, immunotoxicology, reproductive/developmental toxicology, industrial chemical, and pharmaceutical toxicology. New information is presented for additional laboratory animals such as swine and primates, infusion recommendations, newer methods such as the local lymph node assay, and reference safety pharmacology values for standard species. Additional information on typical genetic toxicology and immunotoxicology assays as well as in vitro assays for eye irritation are provided. Some tables from the second edition have been updated to include new information that has arisen since the earlier edition went to press. Information from the second edition, such as regulatory requirements that are no longer applicable, has been deleted.

This text is divided into three parts. The first part describes basic toxicological concepts and methodologies used in aquatic toxicity testing, including the philosophies underlying testing strategies now required to meet and support regulatory standards.
The second part of the book discusses various factors that affect transport, transformation, ultimate distribution, and accumulation of chemicals in the aquatic environment, along with the use of modelling to predict fate.; The final section of the book reviews types of effects or endpoints evaluated in field studies and the use of structure-activity relationships in aquatic toxicology to predict biological activity and physio-chemical properties of a chemical. This section also contains an extensive background of environmental legislation in the USA and within the European Community, and an introduction to hazard/risk assessment with case studies.

This new book illustrates the complex nature of ecotoxicological issues, using pesticides as an example. It focuses on the assessment and monitoring of the amounts of pollutants in the environment and the subsequent damage. The text provides the basic information and methodology to help the reader determine the extent of ecological damage caused by a given substance. Legislatures in industrialized countries have taken the initiative in dealing with these issues by formulating new priorities for environmental protection. Applied Ecotoxicology describes these regulatory efforts, which are separated by their two distinct objectives: those that seek to expand the scope of protection against the pollutants' negative impacts, and those shifting the level of investigation from the individual to the ecosystem. Pollutants are only one of a number of different environmental factors to which organisms are exposed. Their impact in the field is presented in the context of other forms of human intervention in the environment. The increasing use of pesticides in tropical regions, a growing ecotoxicological concern in these countries, is also discussed.

How can biological markers help assess and predict human health risks? Find out the answers to this question and others in this timely new book examining the use of biological markers in animals and plants for evaluating the ecological and health effects of environmental contamination. The book explains the concept of environmental sentinels, presents example of field studies and discusses the utility of biomarkers within a risk analysis paradigm. Anyone who needs to know how to assess and predict environmental contamination should consider this book essential reading.

This book, commissioned by the World Health Organization (WHO) and written by international experts, provides consensus views on the most important issues related to allergic hypersensitivities. The text details predictive testing, diagnosis, epidemiological monitoring of intervention measures, sources of sensitizing agents, and mechanisms of action.
Contributors extensively cover allergic hypersensitivity reactions of the skin and the respiratory system. They present the current knowledge on hypersensitivity reactions of the gastrointestinal tract and kidneys. Major gaps in existing information about allergic hypersensitivities are highlighted and recommendations for future research are given. Practical methods are provided for establishing preventive programs.
Allergic Hypersensitivities Induced by Chemicals offers valuable information to both scientists and public health officials. This is a useful reference for health professionals in their work with allergies, allergens, and allergy sufferers.

Provides the latest information regarding how to evaluate sediment contamination and its effects on aquatic ecosystems]Presents an integrated ecosystem approach]Explains how to integrate assessments]

This book summarizes the knowledge of naturally occurring toxic and antinutritive food compounds. It includes those plants and animals of value or potential value for human nutrition, either by direct consumption or indirect. as feed for domestic animals. Also included are toxic and antinutritive compounds formed from food components during processing and storage, as well as the toxic and antinutritive compounds present as natural constituents in raw materials and foodstuffs. FEATURES: Discusses food intolerance-inducing compounds, toxins and toxic compounds; Focuses on the most frequently occurring intolerances; Describes the reaction conditions for the formation of these compounds, as well as for their degradation; Considers nitroso compounds and ethyl carbamate formation.

The Handbook of Air Toxics compiles, defines, and clarifies several methods and concepts of airborne toxic substances found in the environment. This comprehensive reference helps regulators, consultants, and other environmental professionals meet the challenges of sampling and analysis, emissions reductions, and health and safety issues related to human exposure. It is an important reference addressing the ongoing concern about the consequences of air pollution, and the implementation and modification of the Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Clean Air Act.
Some of the methods described in the Handbook of Air Toxics include fluorescence, thermal desorption, selected ion monitoring, ion chromatography, light microscopy, specific electrode analysis, titration, colorimetry, atomic absorption, and spectrophotometry. It also covers the use of isokinetic sampling trains, midget impingers, carbon molecular sieves, and sampling canisters in the analysis of air toxics. The Handbook also contains recommendations from the EPA for analytical methods for those air toxics where methods do not already exist and provides advance information on future method development by the EPA.

The third edition of the Toxicologist's Pocket Handbook, like the first two editions, is a scaled-down version of the best-selling Handbook of Toxicology. It provides the most frequently used toxicology reference information in a convenient pocket-sized book. The format remains the same as the earlier editions to allow basic reference information to be located quickly, with the information placed in sections specific to subspecialties of toxicology. A detailed table of contents lists all tables and figures contained in the book by section. This expanded edition contains a number of tables not found in the second edition added to sections on lab animals, general toxicology, dermal and ocular toxicology, genetic toxicology/carcinogenesis, neurotoxicology, immunotoxicology, reproductive/developmental toxicology, industrial chemical, and pharmaceutical toxicology. New information is presented for additional laboratory animals such as swine and primates, infusion recommendations, newer methods such as the local lymph node assay, and reference safety pharmacology values for standard species. Additional information on typical genetic toxicology and immunotoxicology assays as well as in vitro assays for eye irritation are provided. Some tables from the second edition have been updated to include new information that has arisen since the earlier edition went to press. Information from the second edition, such as regulatory requirements that are no longer applicable, has been deleted.

Today, we are exposed to an increasing number of chemicals in the environment and there is a growing awareness of the effects of these chemicals on the ovaries. Infertility resulting from environmental exposures may not be obvious until the reproductive life span is waning. As such, the potential for xenobiotic-induced infertility needs to be better understood. In recent years, research into chemicals that have the potential to cause early menopause by destroying pre-antral ovarian follicles is gaining greater appreciation. Ovarian Toxicology, Second Edition represents a compilation of chapters prepared by researchers who have substantially contributed to our understanding of the impact of xenobiotics and environmental factors on ovarian function. The second edition substantially updates newly investigated ovotoxicants as well as improved mechanistic insights that have emerged since the first edition. Topics include: Ovarian physiology and the metabolism of xenobiotics The effect of pesticides, heavy metals, phthalates, BPA, and cigarette smoking on the ovaries Ovarian cancer, including endocrine effects and new perspectives on chemoresistance Epidemiology and human health risk assessment for environmental chemicals and pharmaceuticals The first book to focus specifically on ovarian toxicology, this resource is ideal for scientists in academia, regulatory agencies, and industry who would benefit from a survey of the impact of xenobiotic chemicals on ovarian function.

This work offers concise, detailed information on the toxicological properties of, and safe handling practices for, pesticides. It provides an overview of the registration process, registration procedures and supplemental registration. An alphabetic listing of over 800 chemicals, including their applications - from insecticides and growth regulators to herbicides, repellents and synergists - is provided.

This book presents an overview of the diverse and complex influences that link the mechanisms of adverse drug interactions (ADIs) with their clinical effects. It provides information to busy prescribers in a user-friendly form to ensure that they minimize the risk of harm to patients by ADI.

Continuing a long tradition, Lu's Basic Toxicology, Seventh Edition, combines relatively comprehensive coverage of toxic substances in food, air, and water with brevity, thereby continuing to serve as an updated introductory text for toxicology students and for those involved in allied sciences that require a background in toxicology. The new edition, which now becomes an edited work with contributions from experts around the globe, features four new chapters and a number of existing chapters that have been updated and expanded, notably those on mechanisms of toxic effects, conventional toxicity studies, the cardiovascular system, and risk assessment and regulatory toxicology. The book consists of four parts (Part I-Part IV) that provide guidance on principles of toxicology and testing procedures for toxicities as well as a concise, yet detailed, mechanism of both target organ and nontarget organ toxicities. The book is rounded off with a final section (Part IV) on the toxic effects of chemicals and risk assessment, giving toxicologists, both students and practicing professionals, the necessary tools to enhance their practice. This edition includes new chapters on Clinical Toxicology, Systems Toxicology, Chemicals and Children, and Toxicology of Reproductive Systems, providing the essentials of these topics in the same style as the other chapters in the book. With separate subject and chemical indexes, this is a useful, quick shelf reference for everyone working in toxicology today.

Now in its thirteenth edition, Dreisbach's Handbook of Poisoning is long established as the definitive handbook of poisoning for all physicians, nurses, crisis and hotline workers, paramedics, and students. Rapid response is critical during the initial management of poison cases. This ready-reference guide provides antidotes, antivenins, and more for a vast number of substances. It covers medical toxicology - including prevention and management of exposures, poisonings, adverse effects, abuse and withdrawal from pharmaceuticals - and household, environmental, and natural hazards. The book begins by providing general information about the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of poisoning. Then it considers the important medicolegal aspects of poisoning. The remainder of the book focuses on specific poisons, organized into agricultural, industrial, household, medicinal, and natural hazards. Chemically- and pharmacologically-related agents have been grouped together wherever possible. For optimal care of critical or unusual poisonings, the book also contains guidelines for consultations with medical toxicologists and regional poison information centers. A concise summary of the diagnosis and treatment of poisoning, Dreisbach's Handbook of Poisoning provides an extraordinary amount of practical information in a compact format.

Since the publication of the original edition in 1982, pesticide-related poisonings, both single cases and epidemic-scale situations, have continued to occur unabated. This new edition of Pesticides and Neurological Diseases reviews current literature describing the effects of insecticides (chlorinated hydrocarbons, organophosphorus and carbamate esters, and the pyrethroid esters), fungicides (organomercurials, dithiocarbamates), and herbicides (chlorophenoxy acids and esters) on the mammalian nervous system. Acute and chronic exposures have resulted in both subtle and serious neurological deficits in the peripheral and central nervous systems, marked by transient effects preceding those of delayed onset and of persistent duration. The chapters have been largely revised and rewritten to introduce newer theories of mechanism(s) of action studied at the laboratory bench. New findings and observations on human intoxications are included as well.
This reference will interest physicians involved in environmental medicine and occupational health, as well as graduate students and researchers in the fields of neurophysiology, pharmacology, and the toxicology of pesticides. It may also be useful to the layperson interested in learning more about chemicals routinely used in the home, garden, greenhouse, orchards, and fields.

Focusing on phytochemicals and their potential for drug discovery, this book offers a comprehensive resource on poisonous plants and their applications in chemistry and in pharmacology. Provides a comprehensive resource on phytotoxins, covering historical perspectives, modern applications, and their potential in drug discovery - Covers the mechanisms, benefits, risks and management protocols of phytotoxins in a scientific laboratory and the usefulness in drug discovery - Written and edited by leading researchers in phytochemistry, medicinal chemistry, analytical chemistry, toxicology, and more - Presents chapters in a carefully designed, clear order, making it an ideal resource for the academic researcher or the industry professional at any stage in their career Provides a comprehensive resource on phytotoxins, covering historical perspectives, modern applications, and their potential in drug discovery Covers the mechanisms, benefits, risks and management protocols of phytotoxins in a scientific laboratory and the usefulness in drug discovery Presents chapters in a carefully designed, clear order, making it an ideal resource for the academic researcher or the industry professional at any stage in their career

This volume examines every potential means of exposure to water contaminants, provides in-depth discussions on toxicology, and explains up-to-date techniques for evaluating human health risk. It develops a methodology for assessing the cumulative absorbed dose of contaminants through all routes of exposure, including ingestion, inhalation and dermal. Federal and state efforts to monitor and treat water are examined.

An in-depth exploration of Benzene Carcinogenicity including source, measurement, analysis, and clinical conclusions.

Basic Environmental Toxicology provides a thorough, systematic introduction to environmental toxicology and addresses many of the effects of pollutants on humans, animals, and the environment. Readers are introduced to the fundamentals of toxicology and ecotoxicology, the effects of different types of toxicants, and how toxicants affect different compartments of the environment. Fundamental aspects of environmental health, occupational health, detection of pollutants, and risk assessment are discussed. The book is excellent for anyone involved in risk assessment or risk management, toxicologists, state and local public health officials, environmental engineers, industrial managers, consultants, and students taking environmental toxicology courses.