This monograph is devoted to monoidal categories and their connections with 3-dimensional topological field theories. Starting with basic definitions, it proceeds to the forefront of current research. Part 1 introduces monoidal categories and several of their classes, including rigid, pivotal, spherical, fusion, braided, and modular categories. It then presents deep theorems of Muger on the center of a pivotal fusion category. These theorems are proved in Part 2 using the theory of Hopf monads. In Part 3 the authors define the notion of a topological quantum field theory (TQFT) and construct a Turaev-Viro-type 3-dimensional state sum TQFT from a spherical fusion category. Lastly, in Part 4 this construction is extended to 3-manifolds with colored ribbon graphs, yielding a so-called graph TQFT (and, consequently, a 3-2-1 extended TQFT). The authors then prove the main result of the monograph: the state sum graph TQFT derived from any spherical fusion category is isomorphic to the Reshetikhin-Turaev surgery graph TQFT derived from the center of that category. The book is of interest to researchers and students studying topological field theory, monoidal categories, Hopf algebras and Hopf monads.

These 25 papers from a conference held in August 1998 at Pusan National U. provide a broad overview of contemporary group theory, with a particular emphasis on geometric and topological methods. Topics covered include: deformations and rigidity, combinatorial group theory and wild metric complexes, generalized triangle groups, HNN extensions, Eilenberg-Ganea Conjecture, cyclically presented groups, Takahashi manifolds, wreath products, reduction formulae, group actions on graphs and designs, Grushko-Neumann theorem, and variations on a theme of Higman and Conder. Includes a list of the authors and participants with contact information. Conference sponsors included the Korea Science and Engineering Foundation and International Mathematical Union Commission on Development and Exchange. Lacks an index.

This book provides a self-contained and accessible introduction to linear and multilinear algebra. Besides the standard techniques for linear and multilinear algebra many advanced topics are included. Emphasis is placed on the Kronecker product and tensor product. The Kronecker product has widespread applications in signal processing, discrete wavelets, statistical physics, computer graphics, fractals, quantum mechanics and quantum computing. All these fields are covered in detail. A key feature of the book is the many detailed worked-out examples. Computer algebra applications are also given. Each chapter includes useful exercises. The book is well suited for pure and applied mathematicians as well as theoretical physicists and engineers.

New topics added to the second edition are: braid-like relations, Clebsch Gordan expansion, nearest Kronecker product, Clifford and Pauli group, universal enveloping algebra, computer algebra and Kronecker product.

This monograph presents a unified exposition of latin squares and mutually orthogonal sets of latin squares based on groups. Its focus is on orthomorphisms and complete mappings of finite groups, while also offering a complete proof of the Hall-Paige conjecture. The use of latin squares in constructions of nets, affine planes, projective planes, and transversal designs also motivates this inquiry. The text begins by introducing fundamental concepts, like the tests for determining whether a latin square is based on a group, as well as orthomorphisms and complete mappings. From there, it describes the existence problem for complete mappings of groups, building up to the proof of the Hall-Paige conjecture. The third part presents a comprehensive study of orthomorphism graphs of groups, while the last part provides a discussion of Cartesian projective planes, related combinatorial structures, and a list of open problems. Expanding the author's 1992 monograph, Orthomorphism Graphs of Groups, this book is an essential reference tool for mathematics researchers or graduate students tackling latin square problems in combinatorics. Its presentation draws on a basic understanding of finite group theory, finite field theory, linear algebra, and elementary number theory-more advanced theories are introduced in the text as needed.

A completely reworked new edition of this superb textbook. This key work is geared to the needs of the graduate student. It covers, with proofs, the usual major branches of groups, rings, fields, and modules. Its inclusive approach means that all of the necessary areas are explored, while the level of detail is ideal for the intended readership. The text tries to promote the conceptual understanding of algebra as a whole, doing so with a masterful grasp of methodology. Despite the abstract subject matter, the author includes a careful selection of important examples, together with a detailed elaboration of the more sophisticated, abstract theories.

This book contains two contributions: "Combinatorial and Asymptotic Methods in Algebra" by V.A. Ufnarovskij is a survey of various combinatorial methods in infinite-dimensional algebras, widely interpreted to contain homological algebra and vigorously developing computer algebra, and narrowly interpreted as the study of algebraic objects defined by generators and their relations. The author shows how objects like words, graphs and automata provide valuable information in asymptotic studies. The main methods emply the notions of Grobner bases, generating functions, growth and those of homological algebra. Treated are also problems of relationships between different series, such as Hilbert, Poincare and Poincare-Betti series. Hyperbolic and quantum groups are also discussed. The reader does not need much of background material for he can find definitions and simple properties of the defined notions introduced along the way. "Non-Associative Structures" by E.N.Kuz'min and I.P.Shestakov surveys the modern state of the theory of non-associative structures that are nearly associative. Jordan, alternative, Malcev, and quasigroup algebras are discussed as well as applications of these structures in various areas of mathematics and primarily their relationship with the associative algebras. Quasigroups and loops are treated too. The survey is self-contained and complete with references to proofs in the literature. The book will be of great interest to graduate students and researchers in mathematics, computer science and theoretical physics."

This volume contains original research articles, survey articles and lecture notes related to the Computations with Modular Forms 2011 Summer School and Conference, held at the University of Heidelberg. A key theme of the Conference and Summer School was the interplay between theory, algorithms and experiment. The 14 papers offer readers both, instructional courses on the latest algorithms for computing modular and automorphic forms, as well as original research articles reporting on the latest developments in the field. The three Summer School lectures provide an introduction to modern algorithms together with some theoretical background for computations of and with modular forms, including computing cohomology of arithmetic groups, algebraic automorphic forms, and overconvergent modular symbols. The 11 Conference papers cover a wide range of themes related to computations with modular forms, including lattice methods for algebraic modular forms on classical groups, a generalization of the Maeda conjecture, an efficient algorithm for special values of p-adic Rankin triple product L-functions, arithmetic aspects and experimental data of Bianchi groups, a theoretical study of the real Jacobian of modular curves, results on computing weight one modular forms, and more.

Teaching quantum computation and information is notoriously difficult, because it requires covering subjects from various fields of science, organizing these subjects consistently in a unified way despite their tendency to favor their specific languages, and overcoming the subjects' abstract and theoretical natures, which offer few examples of actual realizations. In this book, we have organized all the subjects required to understand the principles of quantum computation and information processing in a manner suited to physics, mathematics, and engineering courses as early as undergraduate studies.In addition, we provide a supporting package of quantum simulation software from Wolfram Mathematica, specialists in symbolic calculation software. Throughout the book's main text, demonstrations are provided that use the software package, allowing the students to deepen their understanding of each subject through self-practice. Readers can change the code so as to experiment with their own ideas and contemplate possible applications. The information in this book reflects many years of experience teaching quantum computation and information. The quantum simulation-based demonstrations and the unified organization of the subjects are both time-tested and have received very positive responses from the students who have experienced them.

Orthogonal designs have proved fundamental to constructing code division multiple antenna systems for more efficient mobile communications. Starting with basic theory, this book develops the algebra and combinatorics to create new communications modes. Intended primarily for researchers, it is also useful for graduate students wanting to understand some of the current communications coding theories.

The aim of this monograph is to give an overview of various classes of in?ni- dimensional Lie groups and their applications, mostly in Hamiltonian - chanics, ?uid dynamics, integrable systems, and complex geometry. We have chosen to present the unifying ideas of the theory by concentrating on speci?c typesandexamplesofin?nite-dimensionalLiegroups. Ofcourse, theselection of the topics is largely in?uenced by the taste of the authors, but we hope thatthisselectioniswideenoughtodescribevariousphenomenaarisinginthe geometry of in?nite-dimensional Lie groups and to convince the reader that they are appealing objects to study from both purely mathematical and more applied points of view. This book can be thought of as complementary to the existing more algebraic treatments, in particular, those covering the str- ture and representation theory of in?nite-dimensional Lie algebras, as well as to more analytic ones developing calculus on in?nite-dimensional manifolds. This monograph originated from advanced graduate courses and mi- courses on in?nite-dimensional groups and gauge theory given by the ?rst author at the University of Toronto, at the CIRM in Marseille, and at the Ecole Polytechnique in Paris in 2001-2004. It is based on various classical and recentresultsthathaveshapedthisnewlyemergedpartofin?nite-dimensional geometry and group theory. Our intention was to make the book concise, relatively self-contained, and useful in a graduate course. For this reason, throughout the text, we have included a large number of problems, ranging from simple exercises to open questions

The book deals with algorithmic problems related to binary quadratic forms. It uniquely focuses on the algorithmic aspects of the theory. The book introduces the reader to important areas of number theory such as diophantine equations, reduction theory of quadratic forms, geometry of numbers and algebraic number theory. The book explains applications to cryptography and requires only basic mathematical knowledge. The author is a world leader in number theory.

In 2006 a special semester on Gr] obner bases and related methods was or- nized by RICAM and RISC, directed by Bruno Buchberger and Heinz Engl. The main focus of the semester were the development of the formal theory of Gr] obner bases (brie?y GB), the e?cient implementation of all algorithms related to this theory, and the promotion of recent and new applications of GB. The workshop D1 "Gr] obner bases in cryptography, coding theory and - gebraic combinatorics," Linz, May 1-6, 2006 (chairmen M. Klin, L. Perret, M. Sala) was one of the main ingredients of the semester. The last two days of this workshop, devoted to combinatorics, made it possible to bring together experts in algorithmic problems related to coherent con?gurations and as- ciation schemes with a community of people working in the area of GB. Each side was interested in understanding the computational problems and current algorithmicpossibilitiesoftheother, withaparticularobjectiveofintroducing the practical use of GB in algebraic combinatorics. Materials (mainly slides of lectures and posters) available from the site http: //www.ricam.oeaw.ac.at/specsem/srs/groeb/schedule D1.htmlprovidea helpful and vivid picture of the successful exchange of scienti?c information during the workshop D1. Asafollow-uptothespecialsemester,10volumesofproceedingsarebeing published by di?erent publishers. The current collection of papers re?ects diverse investigations in the area of algebraic combinatorics (with or without explicit use of GB), but with a de?nite emphasis on algorithmic approaches."

This book, an outgrowth of the author¿s lectures at the University of California at Berkeley, is intended as a textbook for a one-semester course in basic ring theory. The material covered includes the Wedderburn-Artin theory of semisimple rings, Jacobson¿s theory of the radical, representation theory of groups and algebras, prime and semiprime rings, local and semilocal rings, perfect and semiperfect rings, etc. By aiming the level of writing at the novice rather than the connoisseur and by stressing the role of examples and motivation, the author has produced a text that is suitable not only for use in a graduate course, but also for self-study in the subject by interested graduate students. More than 400 exercises testing the understanding of the general theory in the text are included in this new edition.

The theory of transcendental numbers is closely related to the study of diophantine approximation. This book deals with values of the usual exponential function ez: a central open problem is the conjecture on algebraic independence of logarithms of algebraic numbers. It includes proofs of the main basic results (theorems of Hermite-Lindemann, Gelfond-Schneider, 6 exponentials theorem), an introduction to height functions and Lehmer's problem, several proofs of Baker's theorem as well as explicit measures of linear independence of logarithms. An original feature is the systematic use, in proofs, of Laurent's interpolation determinants. The most general result is the so-called Theorem of the Linear Subgroup, an effective version of which is also included. It yields new results of simultaneous approximation and of algebraic independence. Two chapters written by D. Roy provide complete and at the same time simplified proofs of zero estimates (due to Philippon) on linear algebraic groups.

This volume presents modern trends in the area of symmetries and their applications based on contributions from the workshop "Lie Theory and Its Applications in Physics", held near Varna, Bulgaria, in June 2015. Traditionally, Lie theory is a tool to build mathematical models for physical systems.Recently, the trend has been towards geometrization of the mathematical description of physical systems and objects. A geometric approach to a system yields in general some notion of symmetry, which is very helpful in understanding its structure. Geometrization and symmetries are employed in their widest sense, embracing representation theory, algebraic geometry, number theory, infinite-dimensional Lie algebras and groups, superalgebras and supergroups, groups and quantum groups, noncommutative geometry, symmetries of linear and nonlinear partial differential operators (PDO), special functions, and others. Furthermore, the necessary tools from functional analysis are included.

The environmental and chemical sciences are ever more reliant on computers. This dependence needs formalization, and the theory of algebraic relations is one possibility. Under algebraic relations, "order" turns out to be of special interest in many applicational fields. Internationally renowned authors explain the theory and practice of order relations in such a way, that no specific mathematical skill is needed to understand the advantages of this algebraization. As the order relations are very general and simple, they can be used quite universally. For example, the structure of chemicals and their properties; evaluation of waste disposal sites, decision support for river management; and the way to measure biodiversity are examples of the broadness of the concept.
This book is recommended to those, who are interested in the interface between sciences and management.

There is no branch of mathematics, however abstract, which may not some day be applied to phenomena of the real world. - Nikolai Ivanovich Lobatchevsky This book is an extensively-revised and expanded version of "The Theory of Semirings, with Applicationsin Mathematics and Theoretical Computer Science" [Golan, 1992], first published by Longman. When that book went out of print, it became clear - in light of the significant advances in semiring theory over the past years and its new important applications in such areas as idempotent analysis and the theory of discrete-event dynamical systems - that a second edition incorporating minor changes would not be sufficient and that a major revision of the book was in order. Therefore, though the structure of the first "dition was preserved, the text was extensively rewritten and substantially expanded. In particular, references to many interesting and applications of semiring theory, developed in the past few years, had to be added. Unfortunately, I find that it is best not to go into these applications in detail, for that would entail long digressions into various domains of pure and applied mathematics which would only detract from the unity of the volume and increase its length considerably. However, I have tried to provide an extensive collection of examples to arouse the reader's interest in applications, as well as sufficient citations to allow the interested reader to locate them. For the reader's convenience, an index to these citations is given at the end of the book .

A systematic survey of all the basic results on the theory of discrete subgroups of Lie groups, presented in a convenient form for users. The book makes the theory accessible to a wide audience, and will be a standard reference for many years to come.

Part I of this book is a short review of the classical part of representation theory. The main chapters of representation theory are discussed: representations of finite and compact groups, finite- and infinite-dimensional representations of Lie groups. It is a typical feature of this survey that the structure of the theory is carefully exposed - the reader can easily see the essence of the theory without being overwhelmed by details. The final chapter is devoted to the method of orbits for different types of groups. Part II deals with representation of Virasoro and Kac-Moody algebra. The second part of the book deals with representations of Virasoro and Kac-Moody algebra. The wealth of recent results on representations of infinite-dimensional groups is presented.

The Schur complement plays an important role in matrix analysis, statistics, numerical analysis, and many other areas of mathematics and its applications. This book describes the Schur complement as a rich and basic tool in mathematical research and applications and discusses many significant results that illustrate its power and fertility. The eight chapters of the book cover themes and variations on the Schur complement, including its historical development, basic properties, eigenvalue and singular value inequalities, matrix inequalities in both finite and infinite dimensional settings, closure properties, and applications in statistics, probability, and numerical analysis. Although the book is primarily intended to serve as a research reference, it will also be useful for graduate and advanced undergraduate courses in mathematics, applied mathematics, and statistics. The contributing authors' exposition makes most of the material accessible to readers with a sound foundation in linear algebra.

Spectral theoryis an important part of functional analysis.It has numerousapp- cations in many parts of mathematics and physics including matrix theory, fu- tion theory, complex analysis, di?erential and integral equations, control theory and quantum physics. In recent years, spectral theory has witnessed an explosive development. There are many types of spectra, both for one or several commuting operators, with important applications, for example the approximate point spectrum, Taylor spectrum, local spectrum, essential spectrum, etc. The present monograph is an attempt to organize the available material most of which exists only in the form of research papers scattered throughout the literature. The aim is to present a survey of results concerning various types of spectra in a uni?ed, axiomatic way. The central unifying notion is that of a regularity, which in a Banach algebra isasubsetofelementsthatareconsideredtobe nice .AregularityRinaBanach algebraA de?nes the corresponding spectrum ? (a)={ C: a / ? R} in R the same wayas the ordinaryspectrum is de?ned by means of invertible elements, ?(a)={ C: a / ? Inv(A)}. Axioms of a regularity are chosen in such a way that there are many natural interesting classes satisfying them. At the same time they are strong enough for non-trivial consequences, for example the spectral mapping theorem. Spectra ofn-tuples ofcommuting elements ofa Banachalgebraaredescribed similarly by means of a notion of joint regularity. This notion is closely related to ? the axiomatic spectral theory of Zelazko and S lodkowski."

In this new text, Steven Givant-the author of several acclaimed books, including works co-authored with Paul Halmos and Alfred Tarski-develops three theories of duality for Boolean algebras with operators. Givant addresses the two most recognized dualities (one algebraic and the other topological) and introduces a third duality, best understood as a hybrid of the first two. This text will be of interest to graduate students and researchers in the fields of mathematics, computer science, logic, and philosophy who are interested in exploring special or general classes of Boolean algebras with operators. Readers should be familiar with the basic arithmetic and theory of Boolean algebras, as well as the fundamentals of point-set topology.