Computers are at the center of almost everything related to audio. Whether for synthesis in music production, recording in the studio, or mixing in live sound, the computer plays an essential part. Audio effects plug-ins and virtual instruments are implemented as software computer code. Music apps are computer programs run on a mobile device. All these tools are created by programming a computer. Hack Audio: An Introduction to Computer Programming and Digital Signal Processing in MATLAB provides an introduction for musicians and audio engineers interested in computer programming. It is intended for a range of readers including those with years of programming experience and those ready to write their first line of code. In the book, computer programming is used to create audio effects using digital signal processing. By the end of the book, readers implement the following effects: signal gain change, digital summing, tremolo, auto-pan, mid/side processing, stereo widening, distortion, echo, filtering, equalization, multi-band processing, vibrato, chorus, flanger, phaser, pitch shifter, auto-wah, convolution and algorithmic reverb, vocoder, transient designer, compressor, expander, and de-esser. Throughout the book, several types of test signals are synthesized, including: sine wave, square wave, sawtooth wave, triangle wave, impulse train, white noise, and pink noise. Common visualizations for signals and audio effects are created including: waveform, characteristic curve, goniometer, impulse response, step response, frequency spectrum, and spectrogram. In total, over 200 examples are provided with completed code demonstrations.

New synths with unique features and layers of complexity are released frequently, with hundreds of different synths currently available in the marketplace. How do you know which ones to use and how do you get the most out of the ones you already own? The Musical Art of Synthesis　presents synthesizer programming　with a　specific focus on synthesis as a musical tool.　Through its innovative design, this title offers an applied approach by providing a breakdown of synthesis methods by type, the inclusion of step-by-step patch recipes, and extensive web-based media content including tutorials, demonstrations, and additional background information. Sam McGuire and Nathan van der Rest guide you to master synthesis and transcend the technical aspects as a musician and artist.

　

Synths are presented using a multi-tiered system beginning with basic instructions for all common synth techniques. Historical information is included for each type of synth, which is designed to help you understand how each instrument relates to the bigger picture. Advanced level instruction focuses on modern implementations and on mobile devices, with special focus on performing and practical usage.　The goal The Musical Art of Synthesis is to bring all of the different types of together in the same discussion and encourage you to see the similarities and differences that force you to gain a better overall understanding of the synthesis process.

Key features of this title:

•　This book will teach you how to put synthesizers to use with easy-to-use synth patch recipes

•　Using a unique, multi-tiered approach applicable to the level of equipment in use, this publication introduces concepts that apply to a wide range of hardware/software synthesizers.

•　A robust companion website, featuring video demonstrations by synthesizer experts, further supports the book: www.focalpress.com/cw/mcguire

Table of Contents

Introduction

Subtractive Synthesis

Sampling and Sample Based Synthesis

Modulation Synthesis

Additive Synthesis

Wavetable Synthesis

Granular Synthesis

Vector Synthesis

Combination Synthesis and Modelling

Performing Live

Glossary

Appendices

This book constitutes the proceedings of the First Indo-Japanese conference on Perception and Machine Intelligence, PerMIn 2012, held in Kolkata, India, in January 2012. The 41 papers, presented together with 1 keynote paper and 3 plenary papers, were carefully reviewed and selected for inclusion in the book. The papers are organized in topical sections named perception; human-computer interaction; e-nose and e-tongue; machine intelligence and application; image and video processing; and speech and signal processing.

The author covers the fundamentals of both information and communication security including current developments in some of the most critical areas of automatic speech recognition. Included are topics on speech watermarking, speech encryption, steganography, multilevel security systems comprising speaker identification, real transmission of watermarked or encrypted speech signals, and more. The book is especially useful for information security specialist, government security analysts, speech development professionals, and for individuals involved in the study and research of speech recognition at advanced levels.

Automated Speaking Assessment: Using Language Technologies to Score Spontaneous Speech provides a thorough overview of state-of-the-art automated speech scoring technology as it is currently used at Educational Testing Service (ETS). Its main focus is related to the automated scoring of spontaneous speech elicited by TOEFL iBT Speaking section items, but other applications of speech scoring, such as for more predictable spoken responses or responses provided in a dialogic setting, are also discussed. The book begins with an in-depth overview of the nascent field of automated speech scoring-its history, applications, and challenges-followed by a discussion of psychometric considerations for automated speech scoring. The second and third parts discuss the integral main components of an automated speech scoring system as well as the different types of automatically generated measures extracted by the system features related to evaluate the speaking construct of communicative competence as measured defined by the TOEFL iBT Speaking assessment. Finally, the last part of the book touches on more recent developments, such as providing more detailed feedback on test takers' spoken responses using speech features and scoring of dialogic speech. It concludes with a discussion, summary, and outlook on future developments in this area. Written with minimal technical details for the benefit of non-experts, this book is an ideal resource for graduate students in courses on Language Testing and Assessment as well as teachers and researchers in applied linguistics.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Haptic and Audio Interaction Design, HAID 2009 held in Dresden, Germany in September 2009.

The 17 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected for inclusion in the book. The papers are organized in topical sections on haptic communication and perception, navigation and guidance, visual impairment, vibrotactile feedback and music, multimodal user interfaces: design and evaluation, and multimodal gaming.

Developing Virtual Synthesizers with VCV Rack takes the reader step by step through the process of developing synthesizer modules, beginning with the elementary and leading up to more engaging examples. Using the intuitive VCV Rack and its open-source C++ API, this book will guide even the most inexperienced reader to master efficient DSP coding to create oscillators, filters, and complex modules. Examining practical topics related to releasing plugins and managing complex graphical user interaction, with an intuitive study of signal processing theory specifically tailored for sound synthesis and virtual analog, this book covers everything from theory to practice. With exercises and example patches in each chapter, the reader will build a library of synthesizer modules that they can modify and expand. Supplemented by a companion website, this book is recommended reading for undergraduate and postgraduate students of audio engineering, music technology, computer science, electronics, and related courses; audio coding and do-it-yourself enthusiasts; and professionals looking for a quick guide to VCV Rack. VCV Rack is a free and open-source software available online.

The advances in computing and networking have sparked an enormous interest in deploying automatic speech recognition on mobile devices and over communication networks. This book brings together academic researchers and industrial practitioners to address the issues in this emerging realm and presents the reader with a comprehensive introduction to the subject of speech recognition in devices and networks. It covers network, distributed and embedded speech recognition systems.

This volume contains the proceedings of NOLISP 2009, an ISCA Tutorial and Workshop on Non-Linear Speech Processing held at the University of Vic (- talonia, Spain) during June 25-27, 2009. NOLISP2009wasprecededbythreeeditionsofthisbiannualeventheld2003 in Le Croisic (France), 2005 in Barcelona, and 2007 in Paris. The main idea of NOLISP workshops is to present and discuss new ideas, techniques and results related to alternative approaches in speech processing that may depart from the mainstream. In order to work at the front-end of the subject area, the following domains of interest have been de?ned for NOLISP 2009: 1. Non-linear approximation and estimation 2. Non-linear oscillators and predictors 3. Higher-order statistics 4. Independent component analysis 5. Nearest neighbors 6. Neural networks 7. Decision trees 8. Non-parametric models 9. Dynamics for non-linear systems 10. Fractal methods 11. Chaos modeling 12. Non-linear di?erential equations The initiative to organize NOLISP 2009 at the University of Vic (UVic) came from the UVic Research Group on Signal Processing and was supported by the Hardware-Software Research Group. We would like to acknowledge the ?nancial support obtained from the M- istry of Science and Innovation of Spain (MICINN), University of Vic, ISCA, and EURASIP. All contributions to this volume are original. They were subject to a doub- blind refereeing procedure before their acceptance for the workshop and were revised after being presented at NOLISP 2009.

Practical Audio Electronics is a comprehensive introduction to basic audio electronics and the fundamentals of sound circuit building, providing the reader with the necessary knowledge and skills to undertake projects from scratch. Imparting a thorough foundation of theory alongside the practical skills needed to understand, build, modify, and test audio circuits, this book equips the reader with the tools to explore the sonic possibilities that emerge when electronics technology is applied innovatively to the making of music. Suitable for all levels of technical proficiency, this book encourages a deeper understanding through highlighted sections of advanced material and example projects including circuits to make, alter, and amplify audio, providing a snapshot of the wide range of possibilities of practical audio electronics. An ideal resource for students, hobbyists, musicians, audio professionals, and those interested in exploring the possibilities of hardware-based sound and music creation.

Recording Classical Music presents the fundamental principles of digitally recording and editing acoustic music in ambient spaces, focusing on stereo microphone techniques that will help musicians understand how to translate "live" environments into recorded sound. The book covers theory and the technical aspects of recording from sound source to delivery: the nature of soundwaves and their behavior in rooms, microphone types and the techniques of recording in stereo, proximity and phase, file types, tracking and critical listening, loudness, meters, and the post-production processes of EQ, control of dynamic range (compressors, limiters, dynamic EQ, de-essers), and reverberation (both digital reflection simulation and convolution), with some discussion of commercially available digital plugins. The final part of the book applies this knowledge to common recording situations, showcasing not only strategies for recording soloists and small ensembles, along with case studies of several recordings, but also studio techniques that can enhance or replace the capture of performances in ambient spaces, such as close miking and the addition of artificial reverberation. Recording Classical Music provides the tools necessary for anyone interested in classical music production to track, mix, and deliver audio recordings themselves or to supervise the work of others.

This book guides nonfiction storytellers in the art of creatively and strategically using sound to engage their audience and bring stories to life. Sound is half of film and video storytelling, and yet its importance is often overlooked until a post-production emergency arises. Written by two experienced creators-one a seasoned nonfiction producer/director with a background in music, and one a sound designer who owns a well-regarded mix studio-this book teaches nonfiction producers, filmmakers, and branded content creators how to reimagine their storytelling by improving sound workflow from field to post. In addition to real-world examples from the authors' own experiences, interviews with and examples from industry professionals across many genres of nonfiction production are included throughout. Written in a conversational style, the book pinpoints practical topics and considerations like 360 video and viewer accessibility. As such, it is a vital point of reference for all nonfiction filmmakers, directors, and producers, or anyone wanting to learn how to improve their storytelling. An accompanying Companion Website offers listening exercises, production sound layout diagrams, templates, and other resources.

Innovation in Music: Performance, Production, Technology and Business is an exciting collection comprising of cutting-edge articles on a range of topics, presented under the main themes of artistry, technology, production and industry. Each chapter is written by a leader in the field and contains insights and discoveries not yet shared. Innovation in Music covers new developments in standard practice of sound design, engineering and acoustics. It also reaches into areas of innovation, both in technology and business practice, even into cross-discipline areas. This book is the perfect companion for professionals and researchers alike with an interest in the Music industry. Chapter 31 of this book is freely available as a downloadable Open Access PDF under a Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0 license. https://tandfbis.s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/rt-files/docs/Open+Access+Chapters/9781138498211_oachapter31.pdf

This new Springer volume provides a comprehensive and detailed look at current approaches to automated question answering. The level of presentation is suitable for newcomers to the field as well as for professionals wishing to study this area and/or to build practical QA systems. The book can serve as a "how-to" handbook for IT practitioners and system developers. It can also be used to teach graduate courses in Computer Science, Information Science and related disciplines.

This book contains a selection of revised papers from the 4th Workshop on Machine Learning for Multimodal Interaction (MLMI 2007), which took place in Brno, Czech Republic, during June 28-30, 2007. As in the previous editions of the MLMI series, the 26 chapters of this book cover a large area of topics, from multimodal processing and human-computer interaction to video, audio, speech and language processing. The application of machine learning techniques to problems arising in these ?elds and the design and analysis of software s- portingmultimodalhuman-humanandhuman-computerinteractionarethetwo overarching themes of this post-workshop book. The MLMI 2007 workshop featured 18 oral presentations-two invited talks, 14 regular talks and two special session talks-and 42 poster presentations. The participants were not only related to the sponsoring projects, AMI/AMIDA (http://www.amiproject.org) and IM2 (http://www.im2.ch), but also to other largeresearchprojects onmultimodalprocessingand multimedia browsing,such as CALO and CHIL. Local universities were well represented, as well as other European, US and Japanese universities, research institutions and private c- panies, from a dozen countries overall.

Written by two of the best and brightest podcasting pioneers, Podcast Solutions: The Complete Guide to Audio and Video Podcasting, Second Edition is a comprehensive and perceptive guide to all things podcasting. From downloading podcasts to producing your own for fun or profit, Podcast Solutions covers the entire world of podcasting with insight, humor, and the unmatched wisdom of experience.

Big-name companies and podcasters throughout the United States and thousands of faithful listeners around the world will tell you that Michael W. Geoghegan ("Reel Reviews-Films Worth Watching" and GigaVox Media) and Dan Klass ("The Bitterest Pill" and JacketMedia.com) know how to put together compelling and engaging shows that people come backfor week after week. These two pros will guide you through everything, from developing your raw podcast ideas to selecting equipment, creating your podcast (including incorporating music, professional production techniques, and audio- and video-editing secrets), and mobilizing and growing an audience.

Plenty has changed since the best-selling first edition of this book, and Michael and Dan bring you all the latest and greatest information on production, distribution, and marketing from the world of audio and video podcasting. Nearly 50 pages of new material and hundreds of updates make this the most complete and up-to-date book on podcasting imaginable.

Between Michael's uncanny business and marketing sense and Dan's nearly two decades in the entertainment industry, these authors have the experience to back up their advice on what it takes to elevate your podcast to a professional level. Podcast Solutions gives you not only what youll need to know about podcasting, but also the insider's view on the business of new media production and marketing.

Whether you want to use podcasting to inform, educate, entertain, or inspire, whether you are a complete novice or an experienced professional, Podcast Solutions is the guide you need.

Digital technology is transforming the musical score as a broad array of innovative score systems have become available to musicians. From attempts to mimic the print score, to animated and graphical scores, to artificial intelligence-based options, digital scoring affects the musical process by opening up new possibilities for dynamic interaction between the performer and the music, changing how we understand the boundaries between composition, score, improvisation and performance. The Digital Score: Musicianship, Creativity and Innovation offers a guide into this new landscape, reflecting on what these changes mean for music-making from both theoretical and applied perspectives. Drawing on findings from over a decade's worth of practice-based experimentation in the field, author Craig Vear builds a framework for understanding how digital scores create meaning. He considers the interactions between affect, embodiment and digital scores, offering the first comprehensive and critical consideration of an exciting field with no agreed-upon borders. Featuring insights from interviews with over fifty musicians and composers from across four continents, this book is a valuable resource for music researchers and practitioners alike.

This book constitutes of the major results of the EU COST (European Cooperation in the field of Scientific and Technical Research) Action 277: NSP, Nonlinear Speech Processing, running from April 2001 to June 2005. Coverage includes such areas as speech analysis for speech synthesis, speech recognition, speech-non speech discrimination and voice quality assessment, speech enhancement, and emotional state detection.

The only guide you need to build a podcast from scratch with tips, techniques and stories from the pioneers of podcasting, by expert and early adopter Gilly Smith. From This American Life's Ira Glass and George the Poet to the teams behind My Dad Wrote a Porno and Table Manners with Jessie Ware, this practical book is packed full of exclusive, behind-the-scenes advice and informative, inspiring stories that will teach you how to tell the greatest stories in the world. This is a comprehensive yet accessible and warmly written book for creatives who are striving to understand how their content could be successfully turned into a podcast, from conception through to execution, distribution, marketing and monetising. It covers: - Recognising who your show is for, deciding what it is about and where to find inspiration. - Deciding on the format and working on structure and script. - Hosting, casting and interview techniques. - Production expertise - from equipment you'll need to editorial tips and determining the ideal length of your show. - Distribution - deciding on a release schedule, show art, metadata and how to distribute. - Growing your podcast - promotion and building community among fans. With original material throughout, case studies from podcasters across genres and a companion podcast featuring interviews with the pioneers, this is a first in guides to podcasting.

Refereed postproceedings of the International Conference on Non-Linear Speech Processing, NOLISP 2005. The 30 revised full papers presented together with one keynote speech and 2 invited talks were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous submissions for inclusion in the book. The papers are organized in topical sections on speaker recognition, speech analysis, voice pathologies, speech recognition, speech enhancement, and applications.

Every session, every gig, every day, recording engineers strive to make the most of their audio signal processing devices. EQ, Compression, Delay, Distortion, Reverb and all those other FX are the well-worn tools of the audio trade. Recording and mixing, live and in the studio, engineers must thoroughly master these devices to stay competitive sonically. Its not enough to just know what each effect is supposed to do. Sound FX explains the basic and advanced signal processing techniques used in professional music production, describing real world techniques used by experienced engineers, and referencing popular music examples released internationally. The reader learns not just how to, but also what if, so they can better achieve what they already hear in the productions they admire and chase what they only hear in their imaginative minds ear. Sound FX will immediately help you make more thorough, more musical use of your sound FX.
The accompanying website www.soundfx-companion.com includes audio exaples of FX featured in the book.
Features:
A chapter dedicated to each key effect:
Distortion
Compression & Limiting
Expansion & Gating
Reverb
Equalization
Delay
Pitch Shift
Volume
More than 100 line drawings and illustrations.
Accompanying website featuring examples of all FX covered in the book.
Discography of FX at the end of each relevant chapter.
From the Sound FX Intro:
The most important music of our time is recorded music. The recording studio is its principle musical instrument. The recording engineers and music producers who create the music we love know how to use signal processing equipment to capture the work of artists, preserving realism or altering things wildly, as appropriate. While the talented, persistent, self-taught engineer can create sound recordings of artistic merit, more productive use of the studio is achieved through study, experience and collaboration. This book defines the technical basis of the most important signal processing effects used in the modern recording studio, highlights the key drivers of sound quality associated with each, shares common production techniques used by recording engineers with significant experience in the field, references many of the touchstone recordings of our time, and equips the reader with the knowledge needed to comfortably use effects devices correctly, and, more importantly, to apply these tools creatively.
* Mixing and Recording, studio and live -- for everyone who uses signal processing in audio.
* Defines the technical basis of the most important signal processing effects used in the modern recording studio
* Highlights the key drivers of sound quality associated with each
* Equips the reader with the knowledge needed to comfortably use effects devices correctly, and, more importantly, to apply these tools creatively

- Includes a number of interviews with diverse practitioners, offering extensive case studies - Supplemented by a website to be hosted and developed by the author, including videos, practice files and additional interviews - Acts as a supplementary text to the bestselling 'Dance Music Manual', which does not include a section on performance/performance tech

Speech recognition technology is being increasingly employed in human-machine interfaces. A remaining problem however is the robustness of this technology to non-native accents, which still cause considerable difficulties for current systems.In this book, methods to overcome this problem are described. A speaker adaptation algorithm that is capable of adapting to the current speaker with just a few words of speaker-specific data based on the MLLR principle is developed and combined with confidence measures that focus on phone durations as well as on acoustic features. Furthermore, a specific pronunciation modelling technique that allows the automatic derivation of non-native pronunciations without using non-native data is described and combined with the previous techniques to produce a robust adaptation to non-native accents in an automatic speech recognition system.

This volume contains the ?nal proceedings for the Computer Music Modeling andRetrievalSymposium(CMMR2003).Thiseventwasheldduring26-27May 2003 on the campus of CNRS/Universit e de Montpellier II, located in Montp- lier, France. CMMR is a new annual event focusing on important aspects of computer music. CMMR 2003 is the ?rst event in this new series. CMMR 2003 was jointly organized by Aalborg University, Esbjerg in Denmark and LIRMM in France. The use of computers in music is well established. CMMR 2003 provided a unique opportunity to meet and interact with peers concerned with the cro- in?uence of the technological and creative in computer music. The ?eld of c- putermusicisinterdisciplinarybynatureandcloselyrelatedtoanumberofc- puter science and engineering areas such as information retrieval, programming, human computer interaction, digital libraries, hypermedia, arti?cial intelligence, acoustics, signal processing, etc. The event gathered several interesting people (researchers, educators, composers, performers, and others). There were many high-quality keynote and paper presentations that fostered inspiring discussions. I hope that you ?nd the work presented in these proceedings as interesting and exciting as I have. First of all, I would like to thank Marc Nanard, Jocelyne Nanard, and - olaine Prince for the very fruitful cooperation that led to the organization of this ?rst event in the CMMR series. I would also like to thank my colleague Kirstin Lyon for her help in compiling these proceedings. Finally, this volume would not have been possible without the help of Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg."

Explains and discusses how human speakers and listeners process speech and language. Focuses on those elements of current research which have the most bearing on future developments in the production of truly natural-sounding speech and the reliable recognition of continuous speech. Presents a concise and clear introduction to this increasingly complex and interdisciplinary field.