This books contains the Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Power Transmissions, that was held in Sinaia, Romania from June 20 -23, 2012. Power Transmissions is a very complex and multi-disciplinary scientific field of Mechanical Engineering that covers the different types of transmissions (mechanical, hydraulic, pneumatic) as well as all the machine elements involved, such as gears, bearings, shafts, couplings and a lot more. It concerns not only their basic theory but also their design, analysis, testing, application and maintenance. The requirements set to modern power transmissions are really tough to meet: They need to be more efficient, stronger, smaller, noiseless, easier to produce and to cost less. There is a strong demand to become easier in operation and maintenance, or even automatic and in maintenance-free. Last but not least, they should be easily recycled and respect the environment. Joint efforts of specialists from both academia and industry can significantly contribute to fulfill these needs. The main goal of this conference was to bring together experts from all over the world and present the latest developments in the field of Power Transmissions.

This edited volume presents basic principles as well as advanced concepts of the computational modeling of steering systems. Moreover, the book includes the components and functionalities of modern steering system, which are presented comprehensively and in a practical way. The book is written by more than 15 leading experts from the automotive industry and its components suppliers. The target audience primarily comprises practicing engineers, developers, researchers as well as graduate students who want to specialize in this field.

Traditionally, the study of internal combustion engines operation has focused on the steady-state performance. However, the daily driving schedule of automotive and truck engines is inherently related to unsteady conditions. In fact, only a very small portion of a vehicle's operating pattern is true steady-state, e. g. , when cruising on a motorway. Moreover, the most critical conditions encountered by industrial or marine engines are met during transients too. Unfortunately, the transient operation of turbocharged diesel engines has been associated with slow acceleration rate, hence poor driveability, and overshoot in particulate, gaseous and noise emissions. Despite the relatively large number of published papers, this very important subject has been treated in the past scarcely and only segmentally as regards reference books. Merely two chapters, one in the book Turbocharging the Internal Combustion Engine by N. Watson and M. S. Janota (McMillan Press, 1982) and another one written by D. E. Winterbone in the book The Thermodynamics and Gas Dynamics of Internal Combustion Engines, Vol. II edited by J. H. Horlock and D. E. Winterbone (Clarendon Press, 1986) are dedicated to transient operation. Both books, now out of print, were published a long time ago. Then, it seems reasonable to try to expand on these pioneering works, taking into account the recent technological advances and particularly the global concern about environmental pollution, which has intensified the research on transient (diesel) engine operation, typically through the Transient Cycles certification of new vehicles.

Service Life Prediction of Polymeric Materials: Global Perspectives combines developed content derived from topics discussed in the Fourth International Symposium on Service Life Prediction (Key Largo, Florida, December 2006). This critical examination of the existing and alternative methodologies used to assess the service life of polymeric materials presents readers with the advances in accelerated and field exposure testing protocols. Written by established experts in the service life community, this volume introduces advanced methods, including high throughput and combinatorial analyses, models data collection and storage formats.

Researchers and engineers involved with materials and polymer science, coatings technologists and automotive materials will find Service Life Prediction of Polymeric Materials: Global Perspectives a useful tool.

The book summarizes the main results of the the project ENABLE-S3 covering the following aspects: validation and verification technology bricks (collection and selection of test scenarios, test executions envionments incl. respective models, assessment of test results), evaluation of technology bricks in selected use cases and standardization and related initiatives. ENABLE-S3 is an industry-driven EU-project and aspires to substitute todays' cost-intensive verification and validation efforts by more advanced and efficient methods. In addition, the book includes articles about complementary international activities in order to highlight the global importance of the topic and to cover the wide range of aspects that needs to be covered at a global scale.

Haynes offers the best coverage for cars, trucks, vans, SUVs and motorcycles on the market today. Each manual contains easy to follow step-by-step instructions linked to hundreds of photographs and illustrations. Included in every manual: troubleshooting section to help identify specific problems; tips that give valuable short cuts to make the job easier and eliminate the need for special tools; notes, cautions and warnings for the home mechanic; color spark plug diagnosis and an easy to use index.

Jiji's extensive understanding of how students think and learn, what they find difficult, and which elements need to be stressed is integrated in this work. He employs an organization and methodology derived from his experience and presents the material in an easy to follow form, using graphical illustrations and examples for maximum effect. The second, enlarged edition provides the reader with a thorough introduction to external turbulent flows, written by Glen Thorncraft. Additional highlights of note: Illustrative examples are used to demonstrate the application of principles and the construction of solutions, solutions follow an orderly approach used in all examples, systematic problem-solving methodology emphasizes logical thinking, assumptions, approximations, application of principles and verification of results. Chapter summaries help students review the material. Guidelines for solving each problem can be selectively given to students.

Rapid developments in electronics over the past two decades have induced a move from purely mechanical vehicles to mechatronics design. Recent advances in computing, sensors, and information technology are pushing mobile equipment design to incorporate higher levels of automation under the novel concept of intelligent vehicles. Mechatronics and Intelligent Systems for Off-road Vehicles introduces this concept, and provides an overview of recent applications and future approaches within this field. Several case studies present real examples of vehicles designed to navigate in off-road environments typically encountered by agriculture, forestry, and construction machines. The examples analyzed describe and illustrate key features for agricultural robotics, such as automatic steering, safeguarding, mapping, and precision agriculture applications. The eight chapters include numerous figures, each designed to improve the reader's comprehension of subjects such as: * automatic steering systems; * navigation systems; * vehicle architecture; * image processing and vision; and * three-dimensional perception and localization. Mechatronics and Intelligent Systems for Off-road Vehicles will be of great interest to professional engineers and researchers in vehicle automation, robotics, and the application of artificial intelligence to mobile equipment; as well as to graduate students of mechanical, electrical, and agricultural engineering.

The book includes contributions on the latest model-based methods for the development of personal and commercial vehicle control devices. The main topics treated are: application of simulation and model design to development of driver assistance systems; physical and database model design for engines, motors, powertrain, undercarriage and the whole vehicle; new simulation tools, methods and optimization processes; applications of simulation in function and software development; function and software testing using HiL, MiL and SiL simulation; application of simulation and optimization in application of control devices; automation approaches at all stages of the development process.

Autonomy for Marine Robots provides a timely and insightful overview of intelligent autonomy in marine robots. A brief history of this emerging field is provided, along with a discussion of the challenges unique to the underwater environment and their impact on the level of intelligent autonomy required. Topics covered at length examine advanced frameworks, path-planning, fault tolerance, machine learning, and cooperation as relevant to marine robots that need intelligent autonomy.

This book provides an introduction to the Human Centred Design of autonomous vehicles for professionals and students. While rapid progress is being made in the field of autonomous road vehicles the majority of actions and the research address the technical challenges, with little attention to the physical, perceptual, cognitive and emotional needs of humans. This book fills a gap in the knowledge by providing an easily understandable introduction to the needs and desires of people in relation to autonomous vehicles. The book is "human centred design" led, adding an important human perspective to the primarily technology-driven debates about autonomous vehicles. It combines knowledge from fields ranging from linguistics to electrical engineering to provide a holistic, multidisciplinary overview of the issues affecting the interactions between autonomous vehicles and people. It emphasises the constraints and requirements that a human centred perspective necessitates, giving balanced information about the potential conflicts between technical and human factors. The book provides a helpful introduction to the field of design ethics, to enhance the reader's awareness and understanding of the multiple ethical issues involved in autonomous vehicle design. Written as an accessible guide for design practitioners and students, this will be a key read for those interested in the psychological, sociological and ethical factors involved in automotive design, human centred design, industrial design and technology.

Dry Clutch Control for Automated Manual Transmission Vehiclesanalyses the control of a part of the powertrain which has a key role in ride comfort during standing-start and gear-shifting manoeuvres. The mechanical conception of the various elements in the driveline has long since been optimised so this book takes a more holistic system-oriented view of the problem featuring: a comprehensive description of the driveline elements and their operation paying particular attention to the clutch, a nonlinear model of the driveline for simulation and a simplified model for control design, with a standing-start driver automaton for closed loop simulation, a detailed analysis of the engagement operation and the related comfort criteria, different control schemes aiming at meeting these criteria, friction coefficient and unknown input clutch torque observers, practical implementation issues and solutions based on experience of implementing optimal engagement strategies on two Renault prototypes.

Haynes offers the best coverage for cars, trucks, vans, SUVs and motorcycles on the market today. Each manual contains easy to follow step-by-step instructions linked to hundreds of photographs and illustrations. Included in every manual: troubleshooting section to help identify specific problems; tips that give valuable short cuts to make the job easier and eliminate the need for special tools; notes, cautions and warnings for the home mechanic; color spark plug diagnosis and an easy to use index.This repair manual covers Yamaha XJ650 UK 1980-1984; XJ650 Maxim US 1980-1983; XJ650M Midnight Maxim US 1981; XJ650R Seca US 1982; XJ750 UK 1981-1984; XJ750 Maxim US 1982-1983; XJ750M Midnight Maxim US 1983; and XJ750R Seca US 1981-1983.

The volume is devoted to the dynamics of rods, which is a branch of mech- ics of deformable bodies. The main goal of the book is to present systema- cally theoretical fundamentals of the mechanics of rods as well as numerical methods used for practical purposes. Linear and nonlinear equations governing a rod's oscillations are p- sented. Methods of determining eigenvalues and eigenfunctions in conser- tive and non-conservative problems along with numerical methods dealing with forced, parametric, and random oscillations of rods are given. Some - sues of interaction of rods with air (liquid) flows and the dynamics of spa- curved rods containing flows of liquid are considered. The book consists of nine chapters and appendices and may be conv- tionally divided into two parts. That is, Chapters 1 to 6 contain, in the main, theoretical material, whereas Chapters 7 to 9 illustrate the application of the theoretical results to problems of practical interest. Problems for self-study are found in Chapters 3, 5, and 7. The solutions to most of the problems are given in Appendix B. The monograph is addressed to undergraduate and postgraduate students and teaching staff of technical universities. It may also be useful for scientists and mechanical engineers working in a wide range of industries. I wish to express my deep appreciation to my colleagues, Dr. S.A. Voronov and C.B. Danilenko, for their help in preparing the manuscript.

1 Einfuhrung.- 1.1 Ausgangslage.- 1.2 Zielsetzung.- 1.3 Aufbau der Arbeit.- 2 Mobilitat.- 2.1 Vorbemerkungen zum Verstandnis von Mobilitat.- 2.2 Mikro- oder Individualebene.- 2.3 Systemansatze.- 2.4 Telekommunikationsgestutzte Mobilitat.- 3 Delphi.- 3.1 Mobilitat der Zukunft: Welchen Weg weist das Orakel?.- 3.2 Zum Stellenwert IuK-basierter Innovationen fur die Mobilitat der Zukunft.- 3.3 Typisierung unterschiedlicher Mobilitatsfelder.- 3.4 Mobilitatseffekte IuK-basierter Anwendungen.- 3.5 Realisierungszeitraume mobilitasbezogenener Innovationen.- 3.6 Resumee fur den weiteren Gang der Untersuchung.- 4 Online-Reisen.- 4.1 Nutzermerkmale.- 4.1.1 Demographie.- 4.1.1.1 Geschlecht.- 4.1.1.2 Alter.- 4.1.1.3 Haushalte mit Kindern unter 14 Jahren.- 4.1.1.4 Bildung.- 4.1.1.5 Berufstatigkeit.- 4.1.1.6 Tatigkeit nichtberufstatiger Personen.- 4.1.1.7 Berufsstellung berufstatiger Personen.- 4.1.1.8 Nettohaushaltseinkommen.- 4.1.1.9 Zwischenresumee.- 4.1.2 Internetnutzungsmerkmale.- 4.1.2.1 Nutzung eines privaten Internetanschlusses.- 4.1.2.2 Erfahrung mit dem Internet (Nutzungszeitraum).- 4.1.2.3 Internetnutzung in Tagen pro Woche (beruflich und privat).- 4.1.2.4 Private Internetnutzung unter der Woche (Mo-Fr) und am Wochenende (Sa-So).- 4.1.2.5 Zwischenresumee.- 4.1.3 Reisemerkmale.- 4.1.3.1 Anzahl der Reisen in den letzten 3 Jahren mit Dauer von mindestens 13 Tagen.- 4.1.3.2 Anzahl der privaten Reisen in den letzten 12 Monaten.- 4.1.3.3 Dauer der langsten privaten Reise in den letzen 12 Monaten (Tage).- 4.1.3.4 Ziele der langsten Reise innerhalb der letzten 12 Monate.- 4.1.3.5 Benutzte Verkehrsmittel bei der langsten privaten Reise innerhalb der letzten 12 Monate.- 4.1.4 Bindung an Stammreiseburo.- 4.1.4.1 Anzahl der Besuche eines Reiseburos.- 4.1.4.2 Reisebuchungen.- 4.1.4.3 Zwischenresumee.- 4.2 Nutzungsmotivation.- 4.2.1 Anlasse der Nutzung.- 4.2.2 Wahrnehmung moeglicher Vorteile von Online-Reiseangeboten.- 4.2.3 Wahrnehmung moeglicher Nachteile von Online-Reiseangeboten.- 4.2.4 Zwischenresumee.- 4.3 Hinweise auf zukunftige Nutzung.- 4.3.1 Nutzung von Online-Reiseangeboten unter Idealbedingungen.- 4.3.1.1 Nutzungspotenziale und gegenwartiger Auslastungsgrad.- 4.3.1.2 Veranderung der Nutzungshaufigkeit.- 4.3.2 Zwischenresumee.- 4.4 Mobilitatseffekte.- 4.4.1 Motivationssteigerung.- 4.4.2 Gunstige Reisen gefunden/Geld gespart.- 4.4.3 Anregung zur AEnderung des Reisemittels.- 4.4.4 Reduzierung der Besuche im Reiseburo.- 4.4.5 AEnderung des ursprunglichen Reiseziels.- 4.4.6 Induzierung von Reiseverkehr (spontane Kurzreisen).- 4.4.7 Induzierung von Reiseverkehr (mehr Reisen unternommen).- 4.4.8 Haufiger unternommene Reisetypen bei idealem Angebot.- 4.4.9 Zwischenresumee.- 5 Online-Banking.- 5.1 Nutzermerkmale.- 5.1.1 Demographie.- 5.1.1.1 Geschlecht.- 5.1.1.2 Alter.- 5.1.1.3 Haushalte mit Kindern unter 14 Jahren.- 5.1.1.4 Bildung.- 5.1.1.5 Berufstatigkeit.- 5.1.1.6 Tatigkeit nicht-berufstatiger Personen.- 5.1.1.7 Berufsstellung berufstatiger Personen.- 5.1.1.8 Nettohaushaltseinkommen.- 5.1.1.9 Zwischenresumee.- 5.1.2 Internetnutzungsmerkmale.- 5.1.2.1 Nutzung eines privaten Internetanschlusses.- 5.1.2.1 Erfahrung mit dem Internet (Nutzungszeitraum).- 5.1.2.2 Internetnutzung pro Woche (beruflichund privat).- 5.1.2.3 Private Internetnutzung unter der Woche (Mo-Fr) und am Wochenende (Sa-So).- 5.1.2.4 Hinweise auf Nutzungsmuster von Online-Bankkunden.- 5.1.2.5 Zwischenresumee.- 5.2 Nutzungsmotivation.- 5.2.1 Bewertung der Bankservices.- 5.2.2 Bedeutung der Vorteile von Online-Banking fur die Befragten.- 5.2.2.1 Raumliche Nahe zur Bank.- 5.2.3 Motivationshemmende Faktoren: Einschatzung der Probleme von Online-Banking.- 5.2.4 Nutzungsbarrieren.- 5.2.5 Zwischenresumee.- 5.3 Hinweise auf zukunftige Nutzung.- 5.3.1 Online-Banking unter "ldealbedingungen".- 5.3.1.1 Nutzungspotenziale und gegenwartiger Auslastungsgrad.- 5.3.1.2 Veranderung der Nutzungshaufigkeit.- 5.3.1.3 Internet-Nutzung in Jah

Direct injection spark-ignition engines are becoming increasingly important, and their potential is still to be fully exploited. Increased power and torque coupled with further reductions in fuel consumption and emissions will be the clear trend for future developments. From today's perspective, the key technologies driving this development will be new fuel injection and combustion processes. The book presents the latest developments, illustrates and evaluates engine concepts such as downsizing and describes the requirements that have to be met by materials and operating fluids. The outlook at the end of the book discusses whether future spark-ignition engines will achieve the same level as diesel engines.

This book reflects the shift in design paradigm in automobile industry. It presents future innovations, often referred as "automotive systems engineering". These cause fundamental innovations in the field of driver assistance systems and electro-mobility as well as fundamental changes in the architecture of the vehicles. New driving functionalities can only be realized if the software programs of multiple electronic control units work together correctly. This volume presents the new and innovative methods which are mandatory to master the complexity of the vehicle of the future.

This book is an introduction to automotive engineering, to give freshmen ideas about this technology. The text is subdivided in parts that cover all facets of the automobile, including legal and economic aspects related to industry and products, product configuration and fabrication processes, historic evolution and future developments.

The first part describes how motor vehicles were invented and evolved into the present product in more than 100 years of development. The purpose is not only to supply an historical perspective, but also to introduce and discuss the many solutions that were applied (and could be applied again) to solve the same basic problems of vehicle engineering. This part also briefly describes the evolution of automotive technologies and market, including production and development processes.

The second part deals with the description and function analysis of all car subsystems, such as:

. vehicle body,

. chassis, including wheels, suspensions, brakes and steering mechanisms,

. diesel and gasoline engines,

. electric motors, batteries, fuel cells, hybrid propulsion systems,

. driveline, including manual and automatic gearboxes.

This part addresses also many non-technical issues that influence vehicle design and production, such as social and economic impact of vehicles, market, regulations, particularly on pollution and safety.

In spite of the difficulty in forecasting the paths that will be taken by automotive technology, the third part tries to open a window on the future. It is not meant to make predictions that are likely to be wrong, but to discuss the trends of automotive research and innovation and to see the possible paths that may be taken to solve the many problems that are at present open or we can expect for the future.

The book is completed by two appendices about the contribution of computers in designing cars, particularly the car body and outlining fundamentals of vehicle mechanics, including aerodynamics, longitudinal (acceleration and braking) and transversal (path control) motion.

The focus of this book is to present the latest aspects in the area of human behavior and its relation to planning of an optimal traffic safety. The contributions from authors in various disciplines such as scientists, medical practitioners, administrators and practitioners from the car industry examine how road-user behavior can cause accidents and how decision-makers from various sectors of society may influence road users' behavior. The development of modern vehicles and new traffic systems requires more sophisticated behavior and technology. New medical technologies such as improved neuropsychologic methods and descriptive mapping of behavior with imaging techniques facilitate the understanding of the anatomy and physiology of human behavior. The increased knowledge of normal and pathologic behavior contributes to strenghten primary prevention with the goal of reducing traffic accidents.

Fault Diagnosis of Dynamic Systems provides readers with a glimpse into the fundamental issues and techniques of fault diagnosis used by Automatic Control (FDI) and Artificial Intelligence (DX) research communities. The book reviews the standard techniques and approaches widely used in both communities. It also contains benchmark examples and case studies that demonstrate how the same problem can be solved using the presented approaches. The book also introduces advanced fault diagnosis approaches that are currently still being researched, including methods for non-linear, hybrid, discrete-event and software/business systems, as well as, an introduction to prognosis. Fault Diagnosis of Dynamic Systems is valuable source of information for researchers and engineers starting to work on fault diagnosis and willing to have a reference guide on the main concepts and standard approaches on fault diagnosis. Readers with experience on one of the two main communities will also find it useful to learn the fundamental concepts of the other community and the synergies between them. The book is also open to researchers or academics who are already familiar with the standard approaches, since they will find a collection of advanced approaches with more specific and advanced topics or with application to different domains. Finally, engineers and researchers looking for transferable fault diagnosis methods will also find useful insights in the book.

Defects generate a great economic problem for suppliers who are faced with increased duties. Customers expect increased efficiency and dependability of technical product of - also growing - complexity. The authors give an introduction to a theory of dependability for engineers. The book may serve as a reference book as well, enhancing the knowledge of the specialists and giving a lot of theoretical background and practical information, especially on the dependability analysis of whole systems.

The theory, concepts and approaches are well explained by examples and solutions. The topics include: Mathematical basis, Life span distributions, System dependability theory, Failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA), Fault tree analysis, Dependability test planning, Test evaluation, Calculation of repairable systems, Dependability protection programs.

This book elaborates the science and engineering basis for energy-efficient driving in conventional and autonomous cars. After covering the physics of energy-efficient motion in conventional, hybrid, and electric powertrains, the book chiefly focuses on the energy-saving potential of connected and automated vehicles. It reveals how being connected to other vehicles and the infrastructure enables the anticipation of upcoming driving-relevant factors, e.g. hills, curves, slow traffic, state of traffic signals, and movements of nearby vehicles. In turn, automation allows vehicles to adjust their motion more precisely in anticipation of upcoming events, and to save energy. Lastly, the energy-efficient motion of connected and automated vehicles could have a harmonizing effect on mixed traffic, leading to additional energy savings for neighboring vehicles. Building on classical methods of powertrain modeling, optimization, and optimal control, the book further develops the theory of energy-efficient driving. In addition, it presents numerous theoretical and applied case studies that highlight the real-world implications of the theory developed. The book is chiefly intended for undergraduate and graduate engineering students and industry practitioners with a background in mechanical, electrical, or automotive engineering, computer science or robotics.

Rotordynamics of automotive turbochargers is dealt with in this book encompassing the widely working field of small turbomachines under real operating conditions at the very high rotor speeds up to 300000 rpm. The broadly interdisciplinary field of turbocharger rotordynamics involves 1) Thermodynamics and Turbo-Matching of Turbochargers 2) Dynamics of Turbomachinery 3) Stability Analysis of Linear Rotordynamics with the Eigenvalue Theory 4) Stability Analysis of Nonlinear Rotordynamics with the Bifurcation Theory 5) Bearing Dynamics of the Oil Film using the Two-Phase Reynolds Equation 6) Computation of Nonlinear Responses of a Turbocharger Rotor 7) Aero and Vibroacoustics of Turbochargers 8) Shop and Trim Balancing at Two Planes of the Rotor 9) Tribology of the Bearing Surface Roughness 10) Design of Turbocharger Platforms using the Similarity Laws The rotor response of an automotive turbocharger at high rotor speeds is studied analytically, computationally, and experimentally. Due to the nonlinear characteristics of the oil-film bearings, some nonlinear responses of the rotor besides the harmonic response 1X, such as oil whirl, oil whip, and modulated frequencies occur in Waterfall diagram. Additionally, the influences of the surface roughness and oil characteristics on the rotor behavior, friction, and wear are discussed. This book is written by an industrial R&D expert with many years of experience in the automotive and turbocharger industries. The all-in-one book of turbochargers is intended for scientific and engineering researchers, practitioners working in the rotordynamics field of automotive turbochargers, and graduate students in applied physics and mechanical engineering.

DSP for In-Vehicle and Mobile Systems is focused on digital signal processing strategies for improving information access, command and control, and communications for in-vehicle environments. It is expected that the next generation of human-to-vehicle interfaces will incorporate speech, video/image, and wireless communication modalities to provide more comfortable and safer driving ambiance. It is also expected that vehicles will become "smarter" and provide a level of wireless information sharing of resources regarding road, weather, traffic, and other information that drivers may need immediately or request at a later time while driving on the road. The format of this work centers on three themes: in-vehicle corpora, speech recognition/dialog systems with emphasis on car environments, and digital signal processing for mobile platforms involving noise suppression, image/video processing, and alternative communication scenarios that can be employed for in-vehicle applications.

DSP for In-Vehicle and Mobile Systems is appropriate for researchers and professionals working in signal processing technologies, next generation vehicle design and networked-communications.