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Books > Professional & Technical > Civil engineering, surveying & building
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and reinforce learning.
The book offers a novel approach to the study of the complex
dynamics of cities. It is based on (1) Synergetics as a science of
cooperation and selforganization, (2) information theory including
semantic and pragmatic aspects, and optimization principles, (3) a
theory of steady state maintenance, and of (4) phase transition,
i.e. qualitative changes of structure or behavior. From this novel
theoretical vantage point, the book addresses particularly three
issues that stand at the core of current discourse on cities: Urban
Scaling, Smart Cities and City Planning. An important consequence
of "the 21st century as the age of cities", is that the study of
cities currently attracts scientists from a variety of disciplines,
ranging from physics, mathematics and computer science, through
urban studies, architecture, planning and human geography, to
economics, psychology, sociology, public administration and more.
The book is thus likely to attract scholars, researchers and
students of these research domains, of complexity theories of
cities, as well as of general complexity theory. In addition, it is
directed also to practitioners of urbanism, city planning and urban
design.
During emergency situations, society relies upon the efficient
response time and effective services of emergency facilities that
include fire departments, law enforcement, search and rescue, and
emergency medical services (EMS). As such, it is imperative that
emergency crews are outfitted with technologies that can cut
response time and can also predict where such events may occur and
prevent them from happening. The safety of first responders is also
of paramount concern. New tools can be implemented to map areas of
vulnerability for emergency responders, and new strategies can be
devised in their training to ensure that they are conditioned to
respond efficiently to an emergency and also conscious of best
safety protocols. Improving the Safety and Efficiency of Emergency
Services: Emerging Tools and Technologies for First Responders
addresses the latest tools that can support first responders in
their ultimate goal: delivering their patients to safety. It also
explores how new techniques and devices can support first
responders in their work by addressing their safety, alerting them
to accidents in real time, connecting them with medical experts to
improve the chances of survival of critical patients, predicting
criminal and terrorist activity, locating missing persons, and
allocating resources. Highlighting a range of topics such as crisis
management, medical/fire emergency warning systems, and predictive
policing technologies, this publication is an ideal reference
source for law enforcement, emergency professionals, medical
professionals, EMTs, fire departments, government officials,
policymakers, IT consultants, technology developers, academicians,
researchers, and students.
This book introduces concepts and technologies of Intelligent
Transportation Systems (ITS). It describes state of the art safety
communication protocol called Dedicated Short Range Communication
(DSRC), currently being considered for adoption by the USDOT and
automotive industry in the US. However, the principles of this book
are applicable even if the underlying physical layer protocol of
V2X changes in the future, e.g. V2X changes from DSRC to
cellular-based connectivity. Fundamental ITS concepts include
topics like global positioning system; Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V),
Vehicle to Pedestrian (V2P), and Vehicle to Infrastructure (V2I)
communications; human-machine interface; and security and privacy.
Fundamental concepts are sometimes followed by the real-life test
experimental results (such as in V2P Chapter) and description of
the performance metrics used to evaluate the results. This book
also describes equations and math used in the development of the
individual parts of the system. This book surveys current and
previous publications for trending research in the ITS domain. It
also covers state of the art standards that are in place for the
DSRC in the US, starting from the application layer defined in SAE
J2735 all the way to physical layer defined in IEEE 802.11. The
authors provide a detailed discussion on what is needed to extend
the current standards to accommodate future needs of the vehicle
communications, such as needs for future autonomous vehicles.
Programs and code examples accompany appropriate chapters, for
example, after describing remote vehicle target classification
function a pseudo code and description is provided. In addition,
the book discusses current topics of the technology such as
spectrum sharing, simulation, security, and privacy. The intended
audience for this book includes engineering graduate students,
automotive professionals/engineers, researchers and technology
enthusiasts.
Optimal Design and Retrofit of Energy Efficient Buildings,
Communities, and Urban Centers presents current techniques and
technologies for energy efficiency in buildings. Cases introduce
and demonstrate applications in both the design of new buildings
and retrofit of existing structures. The book begins with an
introduction that includes energy consumption statistics, building
energy efficiency codes, and standards and labels from around the
world. It then highlights the need for integrated and comprehensive
energy analysis approaches. Subsequent sections present an overview
of advanced energy efficiency technologies for buildings, including
dynamic insulation materials, phase change materials, LED lighting
and daylight controls, Life Cycle Analysis, and more. This book
provides researchers and professionals with a coherent set of tools
and techniques for enhancing energy efficiency in new and existing
buildings. The case studies presented help practitioners implement
the techniques and technologies in their own projects.
The text describes the main features of currently available heat
pumps, focusing on system operation and interactions with external
heat sources. In fact, before choosing a heat pump, several aspects
must be assessed in detail: the actual climate of the installation
site, the building's energy requirements, the heating system, the
type of operation etc. After discussing the general working
principles, the book describes the main components of compression
machines - for EHPs, GHPs and CO2 heat pumps. It then addresses
absorption heat pumps and provides additional details on the
behavior of two-fluid mixtures. The book presents a performance
comparison for the different types, helping designers choose the
right one for their needs, and discusses the main refrigerants.
Notes on helpful additional literature, websites and videos, also
concerning relevant European regulations, round out the coverage.
This book will be of interest to all engineers and technicians
whose work involves heat pumps. It will also benefit students in
energy engineering degree programs who want to deepen their
understanding of heat pumps.
This book gathers peer-reviewed contributions presented at the 3rd
RILEM Spring Convention and Conference, held at Guimaraes and
hosted by the University of Minho, Portugal, on March 9-14, 2020.
The theme of the Conference was "Ambitioning a Sustainable Future
for Built Environment: comprehensive strategies for unprecedented
challenges", which was aimed at discussing current challenges and
impacts of the built environment on sustainability. The present
volume is dedicated to the topic "New materials and structures for
ultra-durability", which covers current scientific and
technological developments aimed at improving knowledge about
degradation mechanisms in construction materials, as well as to the
development of new materials with extreme durability. Novel special
materials for extreme environments or extreme loading conditions
are also included, as well as novel approaches to improve the
performance and durability of currently common construction
materials. The following subtopics are included: general purpose,
constructions, infrastructures and facilities; extreme environments
and extreme events; transport and deterioration mechanisms,
characterization and mitigation; Supplementary Cementitious
Materials, admixtures, additions and other emerging material
optimization strategies; smart materials for durable structures.
This volume examines core areas of development in security,
emphasizing the pivotal contributions of women to the field's
evolution. The author first covers a broad spectrum of key topics,
including how security is created, where innovation occurs, what
the underpinnings are, and who supports it and how. After an
overview of the field, female security professionals share their
own stories of technology and innovation in security today; the
foundation, where research is headed, and the emerging trends.
Women currently make up a very small pocket of cyber security
staffing - this book aims to increase the visibility of women in
the field and their contributions and encourage other females to
join the field. The contributors hold various roles from executive
leadership, to engineers, analysts, and researchers.
The Global Engineers: Building a Safe and Equitable World Together,
is inspired by the opportunities for engineers to contribute to
global prosperity. This book presents a vision for Global
Engineering, and identifies that engineers should be concerned with
the unequal and unjust distribution of access to basic services,
such as water, sanitation, energy, food, transportation, and
shelter. As engineers, we should place an emphasis on identifying
the drivers, determinants, and solutions to increasing equitable
access to reliable services. Global Engineering envisions a world
where everyone has safe water, sanitation, energy, food, shelter,
and infrastructure, and can live in health, dignity, and
prosperity. This book seeks to examine the role and ultimately the
impact of engineers in global development. Engineers are
solutions-oriented people. We enjoy the opportunity to identify a
product or need, and design appropriate technical solutions.
However, the structural and historical barriers to global
prosperity requires that Engineers focus more broadly on improving
the tools and practice of poverty reduction and that we include
health, economics, policy, and governance as relevant expertise
with which we are conversant. Engineers must become activists and
advocates, rejecting ahistorical technocratic approaches that
suggest poverty can be solved without justice or equity. Engineers
must leverage our professional skills and capacity to generate
evidence and positive impact toward rectifying inequalities and
improving lives. Half of this book is dedicated to profiles of
engineers and other technical professionals who have dedicated
their careers to searching for solutions to global development
challenges. These stories introduce the reader to the diverse
opportunities and challenges in Global Engineering.
This book highlights various designs for urban green spaces and
their functions. It provides an interesting meeting point between
Asian, European and North America specialists (researchers,
planners, landscape architects) studying urban biodiversity; urban
biodiversity and green space; relations between people and
biodiversity. The most important feature of this book is the unique
point of view from each contributor towards "the relationship
between nature and people in urban areas", in the context of the
ecosystem and biodiversity in urban areas and how to manage them.
All chapters explore and consider the relationship between humans
and nature in cities, a subject which is taking on increasing
importance as new cities are conceptualized and planned. These
discussion and examples would be useful for urban ecology
researchers, biologists, city planners, government staff working in
city planning, architects, landscape architects, and university
instructors. This book can also be used as a textbook for
undergraduate and postgraduate city planning, architecture or
landscape architecture courses.
This book provides detailed descriptions of big data solutions for
activity detection and forecasting of very large numbers of moving
entities spread across large geographical areas. It presents
state-of-the-art methods for processing, managing, detecting and
predicting trajectories and important events related to moving
entities, together with advanced visual analytics methods, over
multiple heterogeneous, voluminous, fluctuating and noisy data
streams from moving entities, correlating them with data from
archived data sources expressing e.g. entities' characteristics,
geographical information, mobility patterns, mobility regulations
and intentional data. The book is divided into six parts: Part I
discusses the motivation and background of mobility forecasting
supported by trajectory-oriented analytics, and includes specific
problems and challenges in the aviation (air-traffic management)
and the maritime domains. Part II focuses on big data quality
assessment and processing, and presents novel technologies suitable
for mobility analytics components. Next, Part III describes
solutions toward processing and managing big spatio-temporal data,
particularly enriching data streams and integrating streamed and
archival data to provide coherent views of mobility, and storing of
integrated mobility data in large distributed knowledge graphs for
efficient query-answering. Part IV focuses on mobility analytics
methods exploiting (online) processed, synopsized and enriched data
streams as well as (offline) integrated, archived mobility data,
and highlights future location and trajectory prediction methods,
distinguishing between short-term and more challenging long-term
predictions. Part V examines how methods addressing data
management, data processing and mobility analytics are integrated
in big data architectures with distinctive characteristics compared
to other known big data paradigmatic architectures. Lastly, Part VI
covers important ethical issues that research on mobility analytics
should address. Providing novel approaches and methodologies
related to mobility detection and forecasting needs based on big
data exploration, processing, storage, and analysis, this book will
appeal to computer scientists and stakeholders in various
application domains.
This book reflects the latest research trends, methods and
experimental results in the field of electrical and information
technologies for rail transportation, which covers abundant
state-of-the-art research theories and ideas. As a vital field of
research that is highly relevant to current developments in a
number of technological domains, the subjects it covered include
intelligent computing, information processing, Communication
Technology, Automatic Control, etc. The objective of the
proceedings is to provide a major interdisciplinary forum for
researchers, engineers, academicians as well as industrial
professionals to present the most innovative research and
development in the field of rail transportation electrical and
information technologies. Engineers and researchers in academia,
industry, and the government will also explore an insight view of
the solutions that combine ideas from multiple disciplines in this
field. The volumes serve as an excellent reference work for
researchers and graduate students working on rail transportation,
electrical and information technologies.
The design of tall buildings and complex structures involves
challenging activities, including: scheme design, modelling,
structural analysis and detailed design. This book provides
structural designers with a systematic approach to anticipate and
solve issues for tall buildings and complex structures. This book
begins with a clear and rigorous exposition of theories behind
designing tall buildings. After this is an explanation of basic
issues encountered in the design process. This is followed by
chapters concerning the design and analysis of tall building with
different lateral stability systems, such as MRF, shear wall, core,
outrigger, bracing, tube system, diagrid system and mega frame. The
final three chapters explain the design principles and analysis
methods for complex and special structures. With this book,
researchers and designers will find a valuable reference on topics
such as tall building systems, structure with complex geometry,
Tensegrity structures, membrane structures and offshore structures.
< p=""> This highly informative and carefully presented book
focuses on the fields of ergonomics/human factors and discusses the
future of the community vis-a-vis health problems, productivity,
aging, etc. Ergonomic intercession must be seen in light of its
effect on productivity because ergonomic solutions will improve
productivity as the reduction of environmental stressors, awkward
postures and efforts lead to a reduction in task execution time.
The book provides promising evidence that the field of ergonomics
continues to thrive and develop deeper insights into how work
environments, products and systems can be developed to meet needs,
demands and limitations of humans and how they can support
productivity improvements. Some of the themes covered are
anthropometry and workplace design, biomechanics and modelling in
ergonomics, cognitive and environmental ergonomics, ergonomic
intervention and productivity, ergonomics in transport, mining,
agriculture and forestry, health systems, work physiology and
sports ergonomics, etc. This book is beneficial to academicians,
policymakers and the industry alike. ^
This book explores the planning knowledge that can be gleaned from
the experiences of the urban poor, a group frequently affected by
floods. Further, it examines the relationship between lifeworld
analysis and adaptation planning through the sociology of
knowledge, which plays a significant part in determining the
adaptation pathway of the urban poor. The book brings together
empirical data to translate self-reflective planning theory into
the practical context, examines community planning, and enriches
the discourse on urban adaptation. Lastly, it provides an
adaptation-planning model that can benefit academics, practitioners
and policymakers who wish to provide more socially accepted plans.
This book presents the preservation principles and the current
environmental challenges relating to monitoring heritage sites and
buildings under the effects of climate change. It provides a clear
overview of conservation action levels and the importance of
participation and cooperation between them, and discusses
evaluation and management methods, thermal comfort for the common
usages, and conceptual methods for enhancing the built heritage.
The research presented employed the "Zoom In, Zoom Out" approach
for monitoring the Syrian coastal heritage sites threatened by the
direct and indirect effects of climate change. Lastly, the book
establishes the basic principles and conservation strategies for
preserving the coastal heritage sites and buildings. As such, it is
a valuable reference resource for researchers, developers,
architects, and conservators involved in protecting the
architectural heritage in coastal areas. It can also be used as a
guidebook on preserving and monitoring built heritage sites at both
macro and micro levels.
Corrosion and its Consequences for Reinforced Concrete Structures
serves as an indispensable guide for engineers, scientists and
researchers, exploring the fundamental aspects of corrosion in
reinforced concrete. Its originality lies in the coupling between
the reinforcement corrosion of reinforced concrete and its
mechanical behavior.The authors describe the specific theoretical
foundations of the corrosion of steel in concrete and its
interactions with the structural aspects, including service
cracking and defects in the placement of concrete. The book
contains a study of the mechanisms of degradation of the mechanical
behavior of reinforcements and the reinforced concrete composite,
such as reduction of ductility, bearing capacity, redistribution of
efforts by formation of plastic hinges and increase in the beam
deflection in service. A diagnostic method based on
corrosion-induced crack detection is presented in the book, and
then paired with a recalculation method which allows us to predict
the different aspects of the residual mechanical behavior. Several
end-of-life ELS and ELU criteria are described, and the authors
propose an approach to estimate the residual lifetime. Finally, the
book presents the cathodic protection that allows the progression
of corrosion to be contained within the corroded structures. As
well as academics, this book is aimed at civil engineers who are
faced with the issue of corrosion in aging structures.
This book comprises select peer-reviewed papers presented at the
International Conference on Sustainable Development through
Engineering Innovations (SDEI) 2020. It presents recent advances,
new directions, and opportunities for sustainable and resilient
approaches to design and protect the built-environment through
engineering innovations & interventions. The topics covered are
highly diverse and include all civil engineering and
construction-related aspects such as construction and environmental
Issues, durability and survivability under extreme conditions,
design of new materials for sustainability, eco-efficient and
ultra-high performance cementitious materials, embedded structural
and foundation systems and environmental geomechanics. The book
will be of potential interest to the researchers and students in
the fields of civil engineering, architecture and sustainable
development.
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Recent Advances in Nonlinear Dynamics and Synchronization
- With Selected Applications in Electrical Engineering, Neurocomputing, and Transportation
(Hardcover, 1st ed. 2018)
Kyandoghere Kyamakya, Wolfgang Mathis, Ruedi Stoop, Jean Chamberlain Chedjou, Zhong Li
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This book focuses on modelling and simulation, control and
optimization, signal processing, and forecasting in selected
nonlinear dynamical systems, presenting both literature reviews and
novel concepts. It develops analytical or numerical approaches,
which are simple to use, robust, stable, flexible and universally
applicable to the analysis of complex nonlinear dynamical systems.
As such it addresses key challenges are addressed, e.g. efficient
handling of time-varying dynamics, efficient design, faster
numerical computations, robustness, stability and convergence of
algorithms. The book provides a series of contributions discussing
either the design or analysis of complex systems in sciences and
engineering, and the concepts developed involve nonlinear dynamics,
synchronization, optimization, machine learning, and forecasting.
Both theoretical and practical aspects of diverse areas are
investigated, specifically neurocomputing, transportation
engineering, theoretical electrical engineering, signal processing,
communications engineering, and computational intelligence. It is a
valuable resource for students and researchers interested in
nonlinear dynamics and synchronization with applications in
selected areas.
This book gathers the latest advances, innovations, and
applications in the field of sustainable energy systems, as
presented by researchers and engineers at the International
Conference Sustainable Energy Systems: Innovative Perspectives
(SES), held in Saint-Petersburg, Russia, on October 29-30, 2020. It
covers highly diverse topics, including applications of renewable
energy sources, recycling of solid municipal and industrial waste,
circular economy based on agricultural waste, energy-efficient and
sustainable buildings, innovation management and technologies of
sustainable cities, sustainable construction, creative construction
technology and materials, construction simulation and virtual
construction, BIM and rapid prototyping for construction,
consumption practices in the digital era, sustainable operations
management, and supply chain management in the digital era. The
contributions, which were selected by means of a rigorous
international peer-review process, highlight numerous exciting
ideas that will spur novel research directions and foster
multidisciplinary collaborations.
This multivolume handbook is the most comprehensive and updated
reference of advanced geospatial techniques for water resource and
watershed management. It addresses complex solutions that appear in
individual articles but require an exhaustive search for
assimilation. By assembling these tremendous advances in an
expertly curated resource and making it available in depth to
professionals and the water research community worldwide, this
successful vehicle will help readers in elevating the quality and
variety of water research and solutions. A broad range of authors,
specialties, sources, institutions, countries, and continents
showcase exemplary approaches and capabilities for the 21st
century.
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