This book presents current research in the field of mathematics, with a particular emphasis on mathematical theories, models and groups. Topics discussed include particular swarm optimisation in theory and practice; detecting the commuting probability of the derived subgroup; peer group situations and games with interval uncertainty; groups of wraps and diffeomorphisms of manifolds over non-archimedean normed fields and the concept of a suitable insurance policy using leader-follower games.

Im ersten Teil der Versicherungsmathematik wird die Mathematik der Personenversicherung dargestellt. Die Anwendung der EDV in der Versicherungsmathematik ist ein Schwerpunkt dieses Buches. Den Veranderungen der rechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen fur die Personenversicherer wurde in der zweiten Auflage Rechnung getragen."

Game theory is the research field to analyse the whole system as a group of many components interacting with each other. Considering the terms in game theory, the idea could be mapped into human's rationality in social science or the forces of nature affecting all of natural phenomenon in fundamental level, and the relationship could be described with many sub-theories of game theory like non-co-operative game or co-operative game. Most of events and situations could be projected by the eye of game theory on the aspect that there always exist conflicts and co-operation on the interactions in them. Game theory was originated form economics, one of social science, but it applies to not just social system but also the realm of nature. For example we could see the molecular world of materials with game theoretic viewpoint. Molecules in material are connected or interacted with each other by several different kinds of physical forces like metallic bond, ionic bond, van der Waals forces, etc. This book provides leading-edge research from around the world on this field.

In diesem Buch wird die Vielgestaltigkeit von Optimierung und Approximation zusammen mit ihrem breiten Umfeld anhand von Aufgaben samt ihren Loesungen und nutzlichen Anwendungen zum Ausdruck gebracht. Fachlich steht dabei im Vordergrund, Methoden der Angewandten Analysis zu nutzen, um die Struktur und Eigenschaften der Probleme zu erkennen und handhabbare Optimalitatsbedingungen herzuleiten, die die Behandlung der Aufgaben ermoeglichen und vereinfachen. Viele praktische Aufgabenstellungen fuhren auf konvexe bzw. nichtkonvexe Optimierungsprobleme, Mehrkriterielle Optimierungsprobleme, Standortprobleme, Probleme der Risikotheorie, Versicherungsmathematik, Optimierungsprobleme mit Unsicherheiten und Modelle aus der Signaltheorie, die in den behandelten Aufgaben diskutiert werden. Hinweise auf online verfugbare Software werden gegeben. Das Buch richtet sich an Studierende und Lehrende der Mathematik, Wirtschaftsmathematik, Informatik, Physik, den Wirtschafts- und Ingenieurwissenschaften (u.a. der Mechatronik).

FT BUSINESS BOOK OF THE MONTH 'A comprehensive, concise, and practical guide that will enable anyone, in any situation, to develop their strategic thinking' Tiffani Bova, Chief Growth Evangelist, Salesforce, WSJ bestselling author, Growth IQ 'A must read for everyone who ever deals with complex important challenges. There are many take-away gems here that will help you push through the knotty centre of hard-to-resolve problems. Highly recommended!', Richard Rumelt, author of Good Strategy, Bad Strategy Being strategic is a critical skill. It enables you to solve problems on a day-to-day basis while also keeping an eye on the long term, anticipating opportunities and mitigating threats along the way. Fred Pelard has been teaching strategic thinking to executives at all levels at leading companies around the world for almost 20 years. How to Be Strategic is his accessible and thorough guide to strategic thinking in any situation. It contains 12 smartly illustrated, workable methodologies from leading experts like Eric Ries, Chan Kim, and Barbara Minto, and will help you find your own path to the right solution every time. 'A wonderful and inspirational look into wide-ranging frameworks and theories to spark new thinking and strategy' Tom Goodwin, author of Digital Darwinism and Head of Futures and Insight at Publicis Groupe 'Practical and comprehensive' Roeland Assenberg, Director, Strategy and Banking, Monitor Deloitte Netherlands

Dieses verstandliche Einsteigerbuch stellt grundlegend die Theorie der stochastischen Prozesse vor. Nach einem allgemeinen Teil erlautert es die speziellen Klassen stochastischer Prozesse wie Poisson-Prozesse, Markov-Prozesse, Martingale und Brownsche Bewegungen. Detaillierte Beweisfuhrungen sowie zahlreiche UEbungsaufgaben mit ausfuhrlichen Loesungen erleichtern das Verstandnis, vertiefen und festigen das Gelernte.

Unabhangig von einem bestimmten Lehrbuch vermittelt dieses Buch praktische Fertigkeiten zur Loesung finanzmathematischer Aufgaben. Zu allen UEbungsaufgaben werden Schritt fur Schritt die Loesungen ausfuhrlich erklart. Alle wichtigen Begriffe findet der Leser in komprimierter Form erlautert. Eine kleine Formelsammlung rundet den Band ab.

A Times/Sunday Times Book of the Year DISCOVER HOW LIFE REALLY WORKS - ON EARTH AND IN SPACE 'A wonderfully insightful sidelong look at Earthly biology' Richard Dawkins 'Crawls with curious facts' Sunday Times _________________________ We are unprepared for the greatest discovery of modern science. Scientists are confident that there is alien life across the universe yet we have not moved beyond our perception of 'aliens' as Hollywood stereotypes. The time has come to abandon our fixation on alien monsters and place our expectations on solid scientific footing. Using his own expert understanding of life on Earth and Darwin's theory of evolution - which applies throughout the universe - Cambridge zoologist Dr Arik Kershenbaum explains what alien life must be like. This is the story of how life really works, on Earth and in space. _________________________ 'An entertaining, eye-opening and, above all, a hopeful view of what - or who - might be out there in the cosmos' Philip Ball, author of Nature's Patterns 'A fascinating insight into the deepest of questions: what might an alien actually look like' Lewis Dartnell, author of Origins 'If you don't want to be surprised by extraterrestrial life, look no further than this lively overview of the laws of evolution that have produced life on earth' Frans de Waal, author of Mama's Last Hug

Mathematics in Games, Sports, and Gambling: The Games People Play, Second Edition demonstrates how discrete probability, statistics, and elementary discrete mathematics are used in games, sports, and gambling situations. With emphasis on mathematical thinking and problem solving, the text draws on numerous examples, questions, and problems to explain the application of mathematical theory to various real-life games. This updated edition of a widely adopted textbook considers a number of popular games and diversions that are mathematically based or can be studied from a mathematical perspective. Requiring only high school algebra, the book is suitable for use as a textbook in seminars, general education courses, or as a supplement in introductory probability courses. New in this Edition: Many new exercises, including basic skills exercises More answers in the back of the book Expanded summary exercises, including writing exercises More detailed examples, especially in the early chapters An expansion of the discrete adjustment technique for binomial approximation problems New sections on chessboard puzzles that encourage students to develop graph theory ideas New review material on relations and functions Exercises are included in each section to help students understand the various concepts. The text covers permutations in the two-deck matching game so derangements can be counted. It introduces graphs to find matches when looking at extensions of the five-card trick and studies lexicographic orderings and ideas of encoding for card tricks. The text also explores linear and weighted equations in the section on the NFL passer rating formula and presents graphing to show how data can be compared or displayed. For each topic, the author includes exercises based on real games and actual sports data.

This book is dedicated to modern approaches to mathematical modeling of reflexive processes in control. The authors consider reflexive games that describe the gametheoretical interaction of agents making decisions based on a hierarchy of beliefs regarding (1) essential parameters (informational reflexion), (2) decision principles used by opponents (strategic reflexion), (3) beliefs about beliefs, and so on. Informational and reflexive equilibria in reflexive games generalize a series of well-known equilibrium concepts in noncooperative games and models of collective behavior. These models allow posing and solving the problems of informational and reflexive control in organizational, economic, social and other systems, in military applications, etc. (the interested reader will find in the book over 30 examples of possible applications in these fields) and describing uniformly many psychological/sociological phenomena connected with reflexion, viz., implicit control, informational control via the mass media, reflexion in chess, art works, etc. The present book is intended for experts in decision making and control of systems of an interdisciplinary nature, as well as for undergraduates and postgraduates.

Statische Spiele mit vollstandiger Information.- Dynamische Spiele mit vollstandiger Information.- Statische Spiele mit unvollstandiger Information.- Dynamische Spiele mit unvollstandiger Information.- Spiele ohne Information.- Kooperative Spieltheorie.- Spiele mit fehlerhaften Strategien.

This essential collection brings together influential classic and contemporary articles from a variety of sources to present the key topics in game theory. Rather than an exhaustive volume, this superb resource offers students and researchers an accessible treatment of game theory essentials. The text is interspersed with editorial commentary, newspaper articles and cartoons, recommendations for further reading, and a substantial amount of material on how to conduct research in this area. "

Readings in Games and Information" is an exceptional course companion, used alone or as a supplement to Rasmusen's "Games and Information" (third edition, Blackwell, 2001).

Diese Formelsammlung ist gezielt auf die Bedurfnisse des Studiums der Wirtschaftswissenschaften an Universitaten und Fachhochschulen zugeschnitten. Sie enthalt in komprimierter, ubersichtlicher Form das wesentliche Grundwissen der Mathematik, Finanzmathematik und Statistik, das in den Lehrveranstaltungen des Grundstudiums wirtschaftswissenschaftlicher Studiengange benoetigt wird. In der vorliegenden 8., grundlich durchgesehenen Auflage wurden zahlreiche Erganzungen vorgenommen. Diese betreffen u. a. die Kapitel zur Finanzmathematik, zur linearen Optimierung, zu Funktionen einer unabhangigen Variablen und zur linearen Algebra sowie oekonomische Anwendungen der Differentialrechnung, wie etwa Wachstumsbegriffe von Funktionen. Ferner wurde das Sachwortverzeichnis nochmals erweitert, um das Auffinden von Formeln und Begriffen zu erleichtern.

Diese Starthilfe zur Finanzmathematik vermittelt die grundlegenden Formeln, Methoden und Ideen der klassischen Finanzmathematik, ohne allzu sehr ins Detail zu gehen und so, dass man mit durchschnittlichen mathematischen Schulkenntnissen dem Text folgen kann. Das Kernstuck bilden Zins- und Zinseszinsrechnung, Rentenrechnung, Tilgungsrechnung und Kursrechnung. Auch verwandte Gebiete wie Abschreibungen und Investitionsrechnung werden aus mathematischer Sicht behandelt. Eine Vielzahl praktischer Beispiele macht das Buch interessant und anschaulich. Komplettiert wird der Band durch einen Ausblick auf aktuelle Fragestellungen aus Investment Banking und Portfoliomanagement. In dieser Neuauflage wurden zu Beginn eines jeden Kapitels Lernziele formuliert und typische Problemstellungen aufgezeigt, zu denen am Kapitelende Loesungen angegeben sind. Ferner wurden mehr Abbildungen zur besseren Veranschaulichung der mathematischen Zusammenhange aufgenommen.

Latin American democracies of the sixties and seventies, most theories hold, collapsed because they had become incompatible with the structural requirements of capitalist development. In this groundbreaking application of game theory to political phenomena, Youssef Cohen argues that structural conditions in Latin American countries did not necessarily preclude the implementation of social and economic reforms within a democratic framework.
Focusing on the experiences of Chile and Brazil, Cohen argues that what thwarted democratic reforms in Latin America was a classic case of prisoner's dilemma. Moderates on the left and the right knew the benefits of coming to a mutual agreement on socio-economic reforms. Yet each feared that, if it cooperated, the other side could gain by colluding with the radicals. Unwilling to take this risk, moderate groups in both countries splintered and joined the extremists. The resulting disorder opened the way for military control.
Cohen further argues that, in general, structural explanations of political phenomena are inherently flawed; they incorrectly assume that beliefs, preferences, and actions are caused by social, political, and economic structures. One cannot explain political outcomes, Cohen argues, without treating beliefs and preferences as partly independent from structures, and as having a causal force in their own right.

La finanza moderna presenta problemi sempre diversi in seguito al continuo sviluppo di nuovi strumenti finanziari. Attraverso l utilizzo del software libero Scilab, nel volume si applicano le moderne teorie economico-finanziarie allo studio di casi concreti sui mercati finanziari (attraverso dati liberamente disponibili su internet). Nel volume si trovano numerosi listati di programma che consentono di avere a disposizione una libreria piuttosto articolata di strumenti per la misurazione e la gestione del rischio. Ogni lettore, poi, potra creare delle funzioni personalizzate, in base alle sue esigenze, modificando opportunamente quanto gia impostato nel volume. L'opera si rivolge a due grandi classi di utenti: gli studenti e coloro che lavorano presso investitori istituzionali. Tutti i corsi che trattano di finanza dei mercati troverebbero in questo volume un buon compendio per mostrare immediate applicazioni informatiche della teoria finanziaria. Il libro e disseminato di esempi tratti dalla realta finanziaria e presenta numerosi programmi per misurare e gestire il rischio sui mercati finanziari. Gli argomenti piu rilevanti sono i seguenti: 1) simulazione di processi stocastici, 2) modelli dei tassi di interesse, 3) teorie di portafoglio (media-varianza e con expected shortfall-CVAR, 4) misurazione del rischio (misure coerenti, misure spettrali), 5) prezzatura di titoli derivati. Si presentano le funzioni per risolvere problemi di programmazione lineare e quadratica. Si applicano, inoltre, metodi dei minimi quadrati e della massima verosimiglianza. Operando con tali strumenti e su dati finanziari liberamente disponibili su internet, il lettore sara in grado di osservare direttamente le applicazioni alla realta finanziaria dei principali modelli di finanza teorica.

With annual gross sales surpassing 100 billion U.S. dollars each of the last two years, the digital games industry may one day challenge theatrical-release movies as the highest-grossing entertainment media in the world. In their examination of the tremendous cultural influence of digital games, Daniel Reardon and David Wright analyze three companies that have shaped the industry: Bethesda, located in Rockville, Maryland, USA; BioWare in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada; and CD Projekt Red in Warsaw, Poland. Each company has used social media and technical content in the games to promote players' belief that players control the companies' game narratives. The result has been at times explosive, as empowered players often attempted to co-op the creative processes of games through discussion board forum demands, fund-raising campaigns to persuade companies to change or add game content, and modifications ("modding") of the games through fan-created downloads. The result has changed the way we understand the interactive nature of digital games and the power of fan culture to shape those games.

Weaving the author's own lived experience with theoretical insights from the fields of game studies, psychology, and anthropology, Esport Play probes and advances current gaming topics such as addiction, skill development, and toxicity. With a focus on League of Legends – one of the flagship esports of our time – Karhulahti explicates what esport play is: documenting and identifying competitive play as a present-day means to satisfy basic human needs. Ultimately, the book presents a theory of psycholudic development that explains and organizes the development of player-play relationships that may last for years.

The genre of adventure games is frequently overlooked. Lacking the constantly-evolving graphics and graphic violence of their counterparts in first-person and third-person shooters or role-playing games, they are often marketed to and beloved by players outside of mainstream game communities. While often forgotten by both the industry and academia, adventure games have had (and continue to have) a surprisingly wide influence on contemporary games, in categories including walking simulators, hidden object games, visual novels, and bestselling titles from companies like Telltale and Campo Santo. In this examination of heirs to the genre's legacy, the authors examine the genre from multiple perspectives, connecting technical analysis with critical commentary and social context. This will be the first book to consider this important genre from a comprehensive and transdisciplinary perspective. Drawing upon methods from platform studies, software studies, media studies, and literary studies, they reveal the genre's ludic and narrative origins and patterns, where character (and the player's embodiment of a character) is essential to the experience of play and the choices within a game. A deep structural analysis of adventure games also uncovers an unsteady balance between sometimes contradictory elements of story, exploration, and puzzles: with different games and creators employing a multitude of different solutions to resolving this tension.

The Great War is an immense, confusing and overwhelming historical conflict - the ideal case study for teaching game theory and international relations. Using thirteen historical puzzles, from the outbreak of the war and the stability of attrition, to unrestricted submarine warfare and American entry into the war, this book provides students with a rigorous yet accessible training in game theory. Each chapter shows, through guided exercises, how game theoretical models can explain otherwise challenging strategic puzzles, shedding light on the role of individual leaders in world politics, cooperation between coalitions partners, the effectiveness of international law, the termination of conflict, and the challenges of making peace. Its analytical history of World War I also surveys cutting edge political science research on international relations and the causes of war. Written by a leading game theorist known for his expertise of the war, this textbook includes useful student features such as chapter key terms, contemporary maps, a timeline of events, a list of key characters and additional end-of-chapter game-theoretic exercises.

This book presents eleven classic papers by the late Professor Suzanne Scotchmer with introductions by leading economists and legal scholars. This book introduces Scotchmer's life and work; analyses her pioneering contributions to the economics of patents and innovation incentives, with a special focus on the modern theory of cumulative innovation; and describes her pioneering work on law and economics, evolutionary game theory, and general equilibrium/club theory. This book also provides a self-contained introduction to students who want to learn more about the various fields that Professor Scotchmer worked in, with a particular focus on patent incentives and cumulative innovation.