Dr. Keshavarzian and Dr. Mutlu are well published in the area of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) in the managmement of IBD are are considered top experts. They have assembled authority authors to present the latest clinical thinking on the use of CAM in IBD. Articles in this issue are devoted to: Use of CAM in IBD Around the World; Microbiota in IBD; Diet in IBD; Probiotics and IBD; Prebiotics and IBD; Fecal Transplant and IBD; Brain/Gut Axis, Stress and IBD; The Psychology of the IBD patient, and the Role of Lifestyle Modification and Hypnosis in Management; Role of Mindfulness and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy in IBD; Sleep and Circadian Hygiene and IBD; Herbs and IBD; Massage Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Other Forms of CAM in IBD; Exercise and IBD; Vitamins and Minerals in IBD; Dietary Therapies in Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease: An Evolving IBD Paradigm; and Integrating CAM into Clinical practice in IBD: Pros and Cons. Readers should come away with sound clinical information that will aid them in the management of this disease.

This issue of Primary Care: Clinics in Office Practice, guest edited by Drs. Rick Kellerman and Laura Mayans, is devoted to Gastroenterology. Articles in this issue include: Peptic Ulcer Disease, Gastritis and GERD; Gallbladder Dysfunction; Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD); Pancreatic Cancer and Pancreatitis; Hepatitis A and Hepatitis B; Hepatitis C; Diverticular Disease; Irritable Bowel Syndrome; Inflammatory Bowel Disease; Celiac Disease and Gluten Sensitivity; Anorectal Disease and Hemorrhoids; Cancers of the Alimentary Tract - Esophagus, Stomach and Colon; and Emerging Concepts in GI Disease.

Eosinophilic esophagitis is an important disease that causes considerable morbidity in those afflicted. It is a major cause of esophageal symptoms, particularly dysphagia. Eosinophilic esophagitis seems to be increasing in frequency like bronchial asthma, to which it has been compared. It is complex and may have more than one pathogenesis in its varying presentations in children and adults.Dr. Katzka has invited expert authors to write clinical reviews on this complicated disease. Articles are devoted to the following topics: Pathophysiology and Definition; Incidence and Prevalence; Demographic Features; Symptoms; Endoscopic and Radiologic Findings; Children vs. Adults; Pharmacologic Treatment; Dietary Treatment; Endoscopic Treatment; and Future Directions. Readers will have the current knowledge of the endoscopic approach to diagnosis and treatment of this disease.

Brain Tryptophan Perturbation in Hepatic Encephalopathy: Implications for Effects by Neuropsychoactive Drugs in Clinical Practice; F. Bengtsson, et al. Hepatic Encephalopathy in Acute Liver Failure: Role of the Glutamate System; A. Michalak, et al. Glutamate and Muscarinic Receptors in the Molecular Mechanisms of Acute Ammonia Toxicity and of Its Prevention; M.D. Minana, et al. Studies on the Pharmacological Properties of Oxindole (2-Hydroxyindole) and 5-Hydroxyindole: Are They Involved in Hepatic Encephalopathy?; F. Moroni, et al. The Involvement of Ammonia with the Mechanisms That Enhance GABA-ergic Neurotransmission in Hepatic Failure; E.A. Jones, A.S. Basile. Direct Enhancement of GABA-ergic Neurotransmission by Ammonia; J.-H. Ha, et al. The Peripheral Benzodiazepine Receptor and Neurosteroids in Hepatic Encephalopathy; M.D. Norenberg, et al. Ornithine Aminotransferase as a Therapeutic Target in Hyperammonemias; N. Seiler. Sparse-Fur (spf) Mouse as a Model of Hyperammonemia: Alterations in the Neurotransmitter Systems; I.A. Qureshi, K.V.R. Rao. Abnormal Gene Expression Causing Hyperammonemia in Carnitine-Deficient Juvenile Visceral Steatosis (JVS) Mice; T. Saheki, et al. 7 Additional Articles. Index.

Dr. Gress has assembled top experts to discuss the latest advances of using endoscopic ultrasound for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. The issue has review articles devoted to the following topics: EUS Elastography; Contrast-Enhanced EUS; New developments in EUS- FNA Tissue Acquisition; EUS FNA: Cytologic and histologic using new techniques for interpretation; New EUS Techniques for diagnosing pancreatic neoplasms; EUS for diagnosing and treating pancreatic cysts; The role of EUS in the diagnosis of Autoimmune Pancreatitis; Therapeutic EUS for cancer treatment; and EUS-guided techniques in biliary drainage, pancreatic drainage, necrosectomy, pelvic fluid collections, hemostasis techniques, and gastrojejunostomy. The issue ends with articles that look at training issues and the future of EUS. Readers should leave with the clinical information they need to embrace the latest advances of endoscopic ultrasonography.

Krankheiten der Leber.- Akute und chronische Virushepatitiden.- Bakterielle und parasitare Leberkrankheiten.- Leberkrankheiten bei Aids.- Autoimmunhepatitiden und Overlap syndrome.- Primar-biliare Zirrhose, primar-sklerosierende Cholangitis und "Vanishing-bile-duct"-Syndrom.- Hamochromatose (hereditare Hamochromatose; sekundare Eisenuberladungssyndrome).- Morbus Wilson.- ?1-Antitrypsinmangel.- Zystische Fibroese.- Primare Stoffwechsel- und Speicherkrankheiten.- Porphyrien.- Hyperbilirubinsyndrome.- Medikamentoese/toxische Leberschaden und alkoholische Leberkrankheiten.- Nichtalkoholische Steatohepatitis (NASH).- A Vaskulare Lebererkrankungen.- B Graft-versus-Host-Krankheit der Leber.- Pulmonale Komplikationen bei Leberkrankheiten.- Leber- und Systemerkrankungen.- Leber: Wechselwirkungen mit dem hamatopoetischen System.- Hep atop athien in der Schwangerschaft.- Krankheiten der Gallenblase und Gallengange.- Cholezystolithiasis und Choledocholithiasis.- Cholezystitis.- Cholangitis.- Anomalien der Gallenwege und Strikturen.- Sphinkter-Oddi-Dysfunktion.- Aids-assoziierte Cholangitis.- Leberzirrhose und Komplikationen.- Leberzirrhose.- Leberzirrhose und portale Hypertension.- Leberzirrhose und Aszites.- Hepatische Enzephalopathie.- Leberzirrhose und spontan-bakterielle Peritonitis.- Leberzirrhose und Nierenfunktionsstoerungen.- Leberzirrhose und Gerinnungsstoerungen.- Tumoren der Leber, Gallenblase und Gallenwege.- Benigne Tumoren der Leber, Gallenblase und Gallenwege.- Maligne Tumoren der Leber und Gallenwege.- Lebermetastasen.- Leberveranderungen bei hamatologischen Neoplasien.- Akutes Leberversagen und Transplantation.- Akutes fulminantes Leberversagen.- Indikationen zur Lebertransplantation.- Vorbereitung zur Lebertransplantation.- Intra- und postoperatives Management bei Lebertransplantation.- Nachsorge bei Lebertransplantation.- Pharmakotherapie und Ernahrung.- Pharmakotherapie bei vorgeschadigter Leber.- Leber und Ernahrung.- Sozialmedizinische Beurteilung bei Leber und Gallekrankheiten.- Sozialmedizinische Aspekte.

This volume provides a concise yet comprehensive overview on surgical procedures performed on the cirrhotic patient. The text explains the underlying pathophysiologic alterations in liver disease and cirrhosis, provides assessment of disease severity and risk factors, and helps to predict potential outcomes based on the nature of the operation. Operations discussed in detail include bariatric surgery, colorectal surgery, hepatic surgery, kidney transplantation, gynecological procedures, neurosurgical procedures, and ophthalmic surgery. The book is also supplemented with instructive color illustrations and tables. Written by experts in the field, Surgical Procedures on the Cirrhotic Patient is a valuable, multidisciplinary resource for clinicians who treat the cirrhotic patient. With a Foreword by Thomas E. Starzl, the father of liver transplantation.

Dr. Shaheen's issue of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Clinics of North America addresses the current thinking and clinical decision making surrounding endoscopy for Barrett's Esophagus. Expert authors have contributed articles on the following topics: The Troublesome Epidemiology of Barrett's Esophagus and Esophageal Adenocarcinoma; Who Deserves Endoscopic Screening for Esophageal Neoplasia; Alternatives to Traditional per oral Endoscopy for Screening; Effectiveness and Cost-Effectiveness of Endoscopic Screening and Surveillance; The Role of Adjunct Imaging in Endoscopic Detection of Dysplasia; Beyond Dysplasia Grade: The Role of Biomarkers in Stratifying Risk; Management of Nodular Neoplasia in Barrett's Esophagus: Endoscopic Mucosal Resection and Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection; EUS and Management of Superficial Esophageal Neoplasia; Radiofrequency Ablation of Barrett's Esophagus: Patient Selection, Preparation, and Performance; Radiofrequency Ablation of Barrett's Esophagus: Efficacy, Complications, and Durability; Cryotherapy of Barrett's Esophagus; Care of the Post-Ablation Patient: Surveillance, Acid Suppression and Treatment of Recurrence; and Surgical Management of Superficial Esophageal Neoplasia. Readers will come away with the knowledge to diagnose and treat neoplasia and Barrett's Esophagus using the latest techniques.

Endoscopic access to the small bowel has advanced significantly since the introduction of video capsule endoscopy and deep enteroscopy in early 2000. Other major advances have occurred in imaging modalities involving computed tomography and magnetic resonance studies. Due to these advances, the recent 2015 ACG guideline changed the terminology from "obscure" to "small bowel" bleeding because the majority of cases now can be found to have a small bowel source. The improvements in technology have advanced our ability to visualized vascular findings, inflammatory lesions, and small bowel neoplasms. Articles in this issue are devoted to these improvements in technology.

This issue of Surgical Oncology Clinics of North America, guest edited by Dr. Cathy Eng, is devoted to Anal Canal Cancers. Dr. Eng has assembled expert authors to review the following topics: Epidemiology of Anal Canal Cancers; Management of Anal Dysplasia; Diagnosis and Diagnostic Imaging of Anal Canal Cancers; Pathology of Anal Canal Cancers; Treatment of the Primary Tumor in Anal Canal Cancers; Acute and Chronic Toxicities of Radiation Therapy for Anal Canal Cancers; Locally Recurrent Disease Related to Anal Canal Cancers; Surveillance of Anal Canal Cancers; Metastatic Anal Cancer and Novel Agents; Treatment of Oligometastatic Disease; Unusual Anal Cancers: Melanoma and Carcinoid; Patient Perspective and Personal Journey of Treating a "Rare Cancer"; HIV/AIDS, HPV, and Anal Cancer; Pathology of Anal Cancer, and more!

This issue of Surgical Clinics of North America, guest edited by Dr. Jeffrey M. Hardacre, is devoted to Pancreatic Cancer and Periampullary Neoplasms. He has assembled expert authors to review the following topics: Genetics of Pancreatic Cancer and its Implication on Therapy; Familial Pancreatic Cancer and Screening of High-risk Individuals; Imaging Evaluation of Pancreatic Cancer; Endoscopic Evaluation in the Work-up of Pancreatic Cancer; Definition and Management of Borderline Resectable Pancreatic Cancer; Techniques of Vascular Resection and Reconstruction in Pancreatic Cancer Surgery; Surgical Therapy for Pancreatic and Periampullary Cancer; Post-Pancreatectomy Complications and Management; Adjuvant and Neoadjuvant Therapy for Resectable Pancreatic and Periampullary Cancer; Management of Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer; Management of Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer; Management of Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors; Management of Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms; Palliative Care and Surgery in Pancreatic Cancer; Enhanced Recovery Pathways in Pancreatic Cancer; and more!

Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers account for nearly 150,000 deaths each year, in the United States alone. Encouragingly, environmental risk factors, premalignant conditions, and high-risk familial kindreds are well described for many GI cancers. In this comprehensive volume on GI Neoplasia, all luminal cancers will be discussed, along with pancreas cancer, gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs), carcinoid tumors, and neuroendocrine tumors. Hepatobiliary cancers are not addressed, as these tumors could form the basis of a separate volume. Articles are organized to address several key topics for each cancer type, such as: public health burden, molecular pathways, risk and protective factors, early detection, clinical evaluation, management, and survivorship.

The field of inflammatory bowel disease has evolved in many ways. The first has been the revolution in medical therapy for the disease. With the advent of biologic therapy, the aspirational goal of therapy has become mucosal healing. These medications have also made it possible to avoid or delay surgery for ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Although non-invasive strategies such as MR or CT enterography or stool-based assays are helpful, they have not been able to replace the prognostic information provided by endoscopy. Simultaneously, the quality and spectrum of tools available to perform endoscopy has widened. High resolution endoscopes are now the norm and are nearly as good as chromoendoscopy for identifying dysplasia in ulcerative colitis patients. Most gastroenterologists also perform dilations but do not generally do this for patients with IBD. Finally, newer devices such as enteroscopes, endoscopic ultrasound, and endomicroscopes are being incorporated into the algorithms to diagnose and treat complications of IBD. This issue highlights all of these advances by the experts in their fields.

Control of Urea Synthesis and Ammonia Detoxification.- Brain Metabolism in Hepatic Encephalopathy and Hyperammonemia.- Ammonia Metabolism in Mammals: Interorgan Relationship.- Clinical Manifestations and Therapy of Hepatic Encephalopathy.- Nutritional Considerations in Patients with Hepatic Failure.- Do Benzodiazepine Ligands Contribute to Hepatic Encephalopathy?.- Effects of Hyperammonemia on Neuronal Function: NH4+, IPSP Cl-Extrusion.- Activation of NMDA Receptor Mediates the Toxicity of Ammonia and the Effects of Ammonia on the Microtubule-Associated Protein MAP-2.- Modulation of the Exocytotic Release of Neurotransmitter Glutamate by Protein Kinase C.- Controls of Cerebral Protein Breakdown.- Two Different Families of NMDA Receptors in Mammalian Brain: Physiological Function and Role in Neuronal Development and Degeneration.- Glanglioside GM1 and its Semisynthetic Lysogangliosides Reduce Glutamate Neurotoxicity by a Novel Mechanism.- Contributors.

In this issue an impressive group of contributors at the forefront of sedation research has been assembled to provide endoscopists and dedicated nursing personnel alike a comprehensive review of important topics in the field sedation and analgesia. A discussion on the pharmacology and agents used to provide moderate and deep sedation provides the basic framework that is a crucial element in determining the driving force behind the developments in sedation and analgesia. An evidence-based approach on the use of unsedated endoscopy is also provided. Other topics included the use of propofol, patient-controlled sedation and analgesia, extended physiologic monitoring, risk management, and quality assurance as they apply to the spectrum of sedation in the endoscopy suite. Sedation and analgesia in the pediatric patient is also addressed.

The goal of this issue of Gastroenterology Clinics is to present GI diseases which affect women uniquely, such as pelvic floor problems and pregnancy related disorders, or which require a more considered approach such as functional bowel disease or autoimmune processes. It will also address the position of women and female gastroenterologists in the health system as a whole. This issue is published at an exciting, transitional time in the future of gastroenterology, as we adjust approaches for the assessment of disease in a large portion of our patient population, and as we address the challenges in practicing medicine based on the uniqueness of specific populations.

This issue details the latest knowledge of early diagnosis, risk factors, limited surgical treatments, and novel therapies for pancreatic diseases. Clinicians will learn the most prognostic scoring systems for acute pancreatitis, review the basics for early management of the disease, and see how current practice guidelines have evolved. Advances in radiological imaging when applied to the pancreas have resulted in enhanced staging and improved selection for surgical intervention. Endoscopy of the pancreas via both ERCP and endoscopic ultrasound has led to unprecedented access and potential for non-operative intervention. Pancreatic surgery now takes advantage of both minimally invasive approaches and techniques learned from organ transplantation. These latest advances are addressed in this issue by key opinion leaders.

This issue of Emergency Medicine Clinics, edited by Drs. Joseph Martinez and Autumn Graham, focuses on Abdominal and Gastrointestinal Emergencies. Articles include: Gastrointestinal Bleed; Abdominal pain in the Immuncompromised Patient Lower Abdominal Pain: Diverticulitis, Colitis, Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Appendicitis;Acute Abdominal Pain in the Bariatric Surgery Patient;The Vomiting Patient: Bowel Obstruction, Cyclic Vomiting and Gastroparesis; Diarrhea; Non-abdominal Abdominal Pain;Evidence Based Approach to Abdominal Pain;Abdominal Pain in the Geriatric Patient; Abdominal Pain in Children; Evaluating the patient with Right upper quadrant abdominal pain, and more!

Anesthetic Viewpoints in Laparoscopic Liver Resection Intraoperative Bleeding Control during Laparoscopic Liver Resections Initiating Laparoscopic Hepatectomy in Low Volume Centre Role of ICG in Laparoscopic Liver Surgery Laparoscopic Right Hepatectomy Minimal Invasive Treatment for Colorectal Liver Metastases Minimally Invasive Surgery in Gallbladder Carcinoma Changing Trends in Minimal Invasive Pancreatic Surgery Laparoscopic Pancreaticoduodenectomy Initiating Robotic Pancreaticoduodenectomy Minimally Invasive Distal Pancreatectomy Minimally Invasive Approach to Chronic Pancreatitis

This book reviews recent knowledge of the role of gut microbiome in health and disease. It covers extensive topics for several diseases, including metabolic-related diseases, allergies, gastrointestinal diseases, psychiatric diseases, and cancer, while also discussing therapeutic approaches by microbiota modification. Comprehensive and cutting-edge, Gut Microbiome-Related Diseases and Therapies deepens a reader's theoretical expertise in gut microbiome. Graduate and postdoctoral students, medical doctors, and biomedical researchers will benefit from this book.