This book reviews the assessment of industrial biotechnology products and processes from a sustainable perspective. Industrial Biotechnology is a comparably young field which comes along with high expectations with regard to sustainability issues. These stem from the promise of reducing greenhouse gas emissions and replacing fossil resources in the near or later future and using green technology, i.e. more environmentally friendly technologies. The intended economic, ecological and social benefits, however, need to be proven, resulting in a variety of challenges, both from a methodological and application point of view. In this book, specific assessment and application topics of industrial biotechnology are addressed, highlighting challenges and solutions for both developers and users of assessment methods. In twelve chapters, experts in their particular fields define the scope, characterize industrial biotechnology and show in their contributions the state of the art, challenges and prospects of assessing industrial biotechnology products and processes. The chapter 'Societal and Ethical Aspects of Industrial Biotechnology' of this book is available open access under a CC BY 4.0 license at link.springer.com

This book focuses on the possible interactions that might occur between carbon materials and molten salts, and discusses the mechanisms involved in detail, highlighting possible future developments in the field. Carbon materials can be exposed to molten salts in various technologically important applications, such as in molten salt-nuclear reactors and aluminum production electrolysis cells. As such, numerous studies have investigated the possible interactions between carbon and molten salts. In addition, various interesting carbon nanostructures have recently been produced in molten salts, including carbon nanotubes, graphene and nanodiamonds with a number of attractive applications. With abundant images and graphs supporting the discussion, this book appeals to researchers working in the field of carbon nanostructures, carbon capture and conversion, nuclear reactors, energy storage, molten salts and related areas of science and technology.

Bioorganic and bioinorganic chemistry and two leading disciplines at the interface of chemistry and biology. Now there is an increasing number of both chemists and biochemists who are studying simple synthetic molecules as models of enzymes. Molecular recognition is an important concept on which these research efforts are based. Supramolecular chemistry based on noncovalent intermolecular forces has provided the most important innovations in organic, inorganic and biochemistry in the recent past. The award of the Nobel prize in chemistry for 1987 to D J Cram, J M Lehn and C J Pedersen reflects the importance of the topics mentioned above. This book is written to serve as a textbook which is a blend of the most important concepts of bioorganic, bioinorganic and supramolecular chemistry.

"Highly recommended for anyone in chemistry looking for a very readable book on chemical information retrieval." —Journal of the American Chemical Society (on the Second Edition)

The Essential Guide to Using CHemical Information Sources—in a brand-new Third Edition

More chemical information resources exist now than ever before, in an array of formats that can be daunting to novices and experts alike in every discipline of the field. Yet a sound working knowledge of available sources and how to access them is an invaluable asset to anyone working in the fast-moving world of modern chemistry—an essential tool for saving time, money, and effort.

This new edition of How to Find Chemical Information guides readers skillfully through today's complex maze of chemical information sources and systems, whether in electronic or printed form. It combines an in-depth examination of chemical information tools and access methods with tested principles for assessing and selecting the most appropriate sources for different needs. Thoroughly revised and updated to address all major developments and trends of recent years, How to Find Chemical Information, Third Edition is a peerless resource that features:

• The mechanics of chemistry information flow, communication patterns, and search strategies
• Detailed and up-to-date material on Chemical Abstracts Service and its products
• Other private and government chemical information sources
• Online databases, host systems, Internet files, CD-ROMs, and other electronic products and how these fit into the total information picture
• Encyclopedias, other major reference books, and reviews
• Journals and patent documents
• Coverage of safety, the environment, and related topics
• Chemical marketing and business resources
• Physical property data, process information, and more

ORAL DRUG DELIVERY FOR MODIFIED RELEASE FORMULATIONS Provides pharmaceutical development scientists with a detailed reference guide for the development of MR formulations Oral Drug Delivery for Modified Release Formulations is an up-to-date review of the key aspects of oral absorption from modified-release (MR) dosage forms. This edited volume provides in-depth coverage of the physiological factors that influence drug release and of the design and evaluation of MR formulations. Divided into three sections, the book begins by describing the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and detailing the conditions and absorption processes occurring in the GIT that determine a formulation's oral bioavailability. The second section explores the design of modified release formulations, covering early drug substance testing, the biopharmaceutics classification system, an array of formulation technologies that can be used for MR dosage forms, and more. The final section focuses on in vitro, in silico, and in vivo evaluation and regulatory considerations for MR formulations. Topics include biorelevant dissolution testing, preclinical evaluation, and physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modelling (PBPK) of in vivo behaviour. Featuring contributions from leading researchers with expertise in the different aspects of MR formulations, this volume: Provides authoritative coverage of physiology, physicochemical determinants, and in-vitro in-vivo correlation (IVIVC) Explains the different types of MR formulations and defines the key terms used in the field Discusses the present status of MR technologies and identifies current gaps in research Includes a summary of regulatory guidelines from both the US and the EU Shares industrial experiences and perspectives on the evaluation of MR dosage formulations Oral Drug Delivery for Modified Release Formulations is an invaluable reference and guide for researchers, industrial scientists, and graduate students in general areas of drug delivery including pharmaceutics, pharmaceutical sciences, biomedical engineering, polymer and materials science, and chemical and biochemical engineering.

Each volume of this series heralds profound changes in both the perception and practice of chemistry. This edition presents the state of the art of all important methods of instrumental chemical analysis, measurement and control. Contributions offer introductions together with sufficient detail to give a clear understanding of basic theory and apparatus involved and an appreciation of the value, potential and limitations of the respective techniques. The emphasis of the subjects treated is on method rather than results, thus aiding the investigator in applying the techniques successfully in the laboratory.

The symposium on which this book is based originated after Tom Strom organized a successful American Chemical Society (ACS) symposium in March 2016, on the Posthumous Nobel Prize in Chemistry. Afterward, Vera Mainz pointed out that the chemists represented in that symposium and its subsequent symposium volume were "all dead white guys." The fact that only white men were included in the first symposium partly reflects the prevailing past (and continuing) gender imbalance in chemistry, but it also shows the power of the Matilda effect, first articulated by Matilda Joslyn Gage (1826-1898). The Matilda effect is an implicit bias against acknowledging the achievements of women scientists, whose work is often attributed to their male colleagues. An implicit bias is one which is not conscious or deliberate, but nevertheless real. The gender imbalance in the previous symposium was also noted in the on-line comments for the Chemical and Engineering News article that reported on it. Redressing that imbalance was the purpose of the current symposium entitled "Ladies in Waiting for the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. Overlooked Accomplishments of Women Chemists." This symposium, which took place in August 2017, was sponsored by the ACS History of Chemistry Division (HIST), the Women Chemists Committee (WCC), and ACS President Allison Campbell. In the Preface to The Posthumous Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Volume 1: Correcting the Errors and Oversights of the Nobel Prize, Mainz and Strom noted that "any chemist with a decent background in chemical history could readily add other deserving chemists to our list." Undoubtedly, this is also the case for the current symposium: There are other women as well as noteworthy scientists of color who could have been included. These men and women should be the topic of a future symposium. By highlighting this group of extraordinary women scientists, this book raises awareness of the Matilda effect, but more importantly, it honors them and their accomplishments.

From the basic theory of biomedical photonics to its application in the field of biomedical photonics, this book summarizes the current research hotspots, research ideas, applied technologies and methods, as well as the future development trend of biomedical photonics.

The aim of this book is to help people performing routine operations in Organic Synthesis in a laboratory. This book, the first one in a series, focuses on the oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes and ketones. Probably, this is the most important routine operation in Organic Synthesis.

Exam Board: AQA Level: AS/A-level Subject: Chemistry First Teaching: September 2015 First Exam: June 2016 Ensure your students get to grips with the core practicals and develop the skills needed to succeed with an in-depth assessment-driven approach that builds and reinforces understanding; clear summaries of practical work with sample questions and answers help to improve exam technique in order to achieve higher grades. Written by experienced author Nora Henry, this Student Guide for practical Chemistry: - Help students easily identify what they need to know with a concise summary of required practical work examined in the A-level specifications. - Consolidate understanding of practical work, methodology, mathematical and other skills out of the laboratory with exam tips and knowledge check questions, with answers in the back of the book. - Provide plenty of opportunities for students to improve exam technique with sample answers, examiners tips and exam-style questions. - Offer support beyond the Student books with coverage of methodologies and generic practical skills not focused on in the textbooks.

Presents a comprehensive look at atmospheric corrosion, combining expertise in corrosion science and atmospheric chemistry * Is an invaluable resource for corrosion scientists, corrosion engineers, and anyone interested in the theory and application of Atmospheric Corrosion * Updates and expands topics covered to include, international exposure programs and the environmental effects of atmospheric corrosion * Covers basic principles and theory of atmospheric corrosion chemistry as well as corrosion mechanisms in controlled and uncontrolled environments * Details degradation of materials in architectural and structural applications, electronic devices, and cultural artifacts * Includes appendices with data on specific materials, experimental techniques, atmospheric species

This book provides a comprehensive overview of nucleophilic aromatic substitutions, focusing on the mechanistic and synthetic features that govern these reactions. The first chapter presents a detailed mechanistic analysis of the factors determining the feasibility of SNAr substitutions, providing decisive information to predict regioselectivity of many reactions and to define the conditions for concerted SNAr processes. Reflecting the key role played by these species as intermediates in most SNAr reactions, chapter 2 then discusses the chemistry of anionic sigma-complexes. Chapter 3 describes the concept of superelectrophilicity in SNAr substitutions, as it has recently emerged from the reactivity of strongly electron-deficient aromatic and heteroaromatic structures. The numerous synthetic applications are considered in depth in the chapters 4 and 5 that follow on intermolecular and intramolecular nucleophilic aromatic substitutions. Then, chapter 6 focuses on substitutions proceeding formally through displacement of a hydride ion, a hot topic in the field. The final chapter brings together concise yet comprehensive discussions surrounding SNAr photosubstitutions, radical substitutions, and ANRORC substitutions. Authored by a highly respected chemist who has contributed greatly to the field over the past two decades, this is a valuable information source for all organic chemists working in academia or the pharmaceutical and agrochemical industries.

The Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds, since its inception, has been recognized as a cornerstone of heterocyclic chemistry. Each volume attempts to discuss all aspects - properties, synthesis, reactions, physiological and industrial significance - of a specific ring system. To keep the series up-to-date, supplementary volumes covering the recent literature on each individual ring system have been published. Many ring systems (such as pyridines and oxazoles) are treated in distinct books, each consisting of separate volumes or parts dealing with different individual topics. With all authors are recognized authorities, the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Chemistry is considered worldwide as the indispensable resource for organic, bioorganic, and medicinal chemists.

3D PRINTING FOR ENERGY APPLICATIONS Explore current and future perspectives of 3D printing for the fabrication of high value-added complex devices 3D Printing for Energy Applications delivers an insightful and cutting-edge exploration of the applications of 3D printing to the fabrication of complex devices in the energy sector. The book covers aspects related to additive manufacturing of functional materials with applicability in the energy sector. It reviews both the technology of printable materials and 3D printing strategies itself, and its use in energy devices or systems. Split into three sections, the book covers the 3D printing of functional materials before delving into the 3D printing of energy devices. It closes with printing challenges in the production of complex objects. It also presents an interesting perspective on the future of 3D printing of complex devices. Readers will also benefit from the inclusion of: A thorough introduction to 3D printing of functional materials, including metals, ceramics, and composites An exploration of 3D printing challenges for production of complex objects, including computational design, multimaterials, tailoring AM components, and volumetric additive manufacturing Practical discussions of 3D printing of energy devices, including batteries, supercaps, solar panels, fuel cells, turbomachinery, thermoelectrics, and CCUS Perfect for materials scientists, 3D Printing for Energy Applications will also earn a place in the libraries of graduate students in engineering, chemistry, and material sciences seeking a one-stop reference for current and future perspectives on 3D printing of high value-added complex devices.

This book covers the simulation of evaporating saltwater falling films with and without turbulence wires. The methods presented within can be applied to a variety of applications including the food and pharmaceutical industry, as well as in nuclear technology. This topic is ideal for researchers in chemical engineering.

Nearly half of all undergraduate students enroll in a two-year college, and many STEM students take their introductory chemistry courses at a two-year college. The educational pathway of these students is often complex and nonlinear towards completion of a certificate, degree and/or transfer to a four-year program. These non-traditional pathways present distinct challenges in and out of the classroom for the educators who are trying to serve this important and diverse group of students. This book provides some insight into the current state of chemistry education reform at two-year colleges, provides specific ways to address some of the challenges of educating two-year college students, and reports strategies for success in chemistry at the two-year college. The contributing authors are chemical educators who have presented at one or more of our Strategies Promoting Success of Two-year College Students symposia that have been held at the Spring ACS National meetings since 2015.

The subject matter of this volume has its roots in the early days of polymer chemistry when gun cotton and Parkesine were first developed. Indeed, its roots can ultimately be traced into anti quity, since, in commerce and daily life, man has always carried out reactions on polymers, e. g. in primitive dyeing and tanning operations. In more modern times Prof. Staudinger is commonly acknowledged as the investigator most responsible for the renais sance of interest in "polymer analogous" reactions. In recent years it has become apparent that the "black art" of conducting chemical reactions on macromolecules is an area which is amenable to basic scientific investigation. Examples of important developments which have come 'about, in part, as a result of this realization have been the advances in molecular biology (which may be rightly considered as the biochemistry of macromo lecules) and by such milestone achievements as solid phase pep tide synthesis and affinity chromatography. These few selected examples all have macromolecules (biological and synthetiC) in common. The stimulation to wide areas of scientific endeavor re sulting from these developments would undoubtedly have occurred. sooner, and certainly with much less difficulty, had the various investigators been aware of the problems attending attempts at performing reactions on polymers. The major purposes of this Advanced Studies Institute were threefold: 1."

Applications of microbial nanotechnology are currently emerging with new areas being explored. Biosynthesis of nanomaterials by microorganisms is a recently attracting interest as a new, exciting approach towards the development of 'greener' nanomanufacturing compared to traditional chemical and physical approaches. This book will cover recent advances of microbial nanotechnology in agriculture, industry, and health sectors.

Herbal medicine, one of the cornerstones of traditional Chinese medicine, has evolved over centuries of clinical practice and empirical results into a vast body of knowledge encomapssing more than 6,000 substances, most of whose effects and uses have been documented and researched. This illustrated Chinese Materia offers contemporary medicinal, pharmaeutical, and natural product chemists as well as practitioners of homeopathic and alternative medicines authentic, concise monographs on the 320 herbs used in 80% of medicinal formulations in traditional Chinese medical practice. It also provides an overview of traditional Chinese medicine as a framework for understanding how herbal medicines fit within an integrated approach to health and well-being.

This comprehensive book addresses the import and fast-moving issues of processing technologies as they apply to vegetable processing today. It is an up-to-date account of just how much the different techniques have developed over recent years to bring vegetables to the consumer not only in different forms and styles but also with a high degree of safety and nutritional quality. Vegetable Processing is written and edited by experts with wide research and industrial experience in the field. This unique review of the different aspects of vegetable processing updates existing technologies and deals in detail with more recent developments, such as aseptic packaging, the technology of chilling and the increasingly important areas of plant, equipment and cleaning.

Discusses the latest results in academia and industry on green composites. Existing machinability problems like low processability and reduction of the ductility are addressed and discussed in relation to use of adhesion promoters, additives or chemical modification of the filler to overcome these problems. Recent industrial efforts to minimize the environmental impact, e.g. biodegradable polymer matrix, renewable sources complete the approach.

Thermodynamics, Kinetics, and Microphysics of Clouds presents a unified theoretical foundation that provides the basis for incorporating cloud microphysical processes in cloud and climate models. In particular, the book provides: * A theoretical basis for understanding the processes of cloud particle formation, evolution and precipitation, with emphasis on spectral cloud microphysics based on numerical and analytical solutions of the kinetic equations for the drop and crystal size spectra along with the supersaturation equation * The latest detailed theories and parameterizations of drop and crystal nucleation suitable for cloud and climate models derived from the general principles of thermodynamics and kinetics * A platform for advanced parameterization of clouds in weather prediction and climate models * The scientific foundation for weather and climate modification by cloud seeding. This book will be invaluable for researchers and advanced students engaged in cloud and aerosol physics, and air pollution and climate research.

"Examines all known industrial processes using shape selective zeolites. Second Edition contains new, up-to-date information on the specific features that make zeolites shape selective, the role shape selective catalysis can play providing environmentally clean fuels, 12-membered oxygen ring systems, mesopore systems, and more."

Learning the fundamentals of chemistry can be a difficult task to undertake for health professionals. This lab manual to Foundations of Chemistry helps to master chemistry skills needed to succeed. It provides clear and logical explanations of chemical concepts and problem solving to apply concepts with the help of worked out examples. In addition, the manual features and conceptual questions checks brings together the understanding of chemistry and relates chemistry to things health professionals experience on a regular basis.