Written by top authorities in process validation, this reference explores current trends in the field and strategies for selecting the most appropriate quality control scheme. It offers practical guidelines, recommendations, and an abundance of case studies that showcase various techniques and approaches in the validation of biopharmaceutical processes. These include guidance on determining the life spans of chromatography and filtration media, process characterization and techniques for scaling-down unit operations in biopharmaceutical manufacturing, examples of contamination events, and practical methods for testing raw materials and in-process samples during various manufacturing stages.

Assuming that the complex phenomena underlying the operation of the immune system may be better understood through the collaborative efforts of theorists and experimentalists viewing the same phenomena in different ways, the Sante Fe Institute and the Theoretical Division of Los Alamos National Laboratory cosponsored a workshop entitled "Theoretical Immunology." The workshop focused on themes spanning the field of immunology, with emphasis on areas where the theorists have made the most progress. This book covers the discussions a that workshop on the topics of immune surveillance, mathematical models of HIV infection, complexities of antigen-antibody systems, immune suppression and tolerance, and idiotypie networks. In each of these areas there is reason to believe that advances can be made either through interactions among experimentalists and theorists or through the critical look experimentalists and theorists will bring to bear upon one another's work.

Contributors present the newest information on ecological, physiological, neurological, cellular and biochemical mechanisms by which vertebrates deal with seasonal cold.

Although the potato is usually thought of as a temperate-zone crop, potato growing in the tropics and subtropics is spreading rapidly. In terms of the dollar value of the crop, this edible root now ranks fourth in the developing world after rice, wheat, and maize. Nevertheless, policymakers often underrate the importance of the potato as a source of employment, income, and food or they underestimate the potential benefits from expanding potato production and use. The payoff from applied research on potato cultivation in the tropics and subtropics is high due to the large body of scientific information from developed countries. This book summarizes the principles of potato production, distribution, and use. The essential facts about the potato as a crop, a commodity, and a food are discussed as well as the issues that scientists and policymakers should consider in setting priorities for implementing and assessing the impact of potato research and extension programs. A major premise of the book is that programs aiming to increase food supplies and reduce poverty through crop improvement need to consider not only production technology but also marketing strategies and consumption patterns. Adequate planning for agricultural research and development requires an understanding of how crops are grown, marketed, and used and of what potential benefits the new technologies can yield. Hence, effective crop improvement programs need both technical and socioeconomic expertise. The administrators and others responsible for implementing these programs must concern themselves with the policies that impinge on the adoption and consequences of new production methods so that their countries may reap the full benefits of an increased and stable food supply.

'The perfect gift for the armchair epidemiologist' Wall Street Journal Nature wants you dead. Not just you, but your children and everyone you have ever met and everyone they have ever met; in fact, everyone. It wants you to cough and sneeze and poop yourself into an early grave. It wants your blood vessels to burst and pustules to explode all over your body. And - until recently - it was really good at doing this... The subject of infection and how to fight it grows more urgent every day. How do pathogens cause disease? And what tools can we give our bodies to do battle? Infectious is not only a vital overview of what goes awry in our bodies, but also a hopeful story of ongoing human ingenuity.

Key Features: • Features the geo-ethnic skin types of Asians, South-east Asians, Africans and Hispanics. • Explores the topics through case-based discussions. • Provides comprehensive details about the use of machines on skin of color.

Pathology of Sharp Force Trauma illustrates and details sharp force trauma as seen in forensic pathology case work as well as in the clinical setting, outlining how one informs the other in interpreting such trauma for medico-legal purposes. For the purposes of discussion, the author defines sharp force trauma as: "The application of force to produce an injury which results in a clear division or separation of the skin and underlying tissues". Sharp force trauma may be caused by all manner of implements with a sharp edge and/or pointed end, whether or not they have been produced for use as a weapon, and includes knives, broken glass, scissors and many others, to name but a few. Certain tools, such as axes or machetes, combine a sharp edge with heavy weight and produce injuries with both sharp and blunt impact elements. In many countries, with the exception of those where firearms are readily available, sharp force trauma-particularly the use of knives-is the most common method of homicide and a frequent source of morbidity seen in emergency departments. Also, there has recently been an alarming upsurge in the use of knives in gang-related assaults and in terrorist incidents. As such, the book takes a comprehensive approach in explaining the different aspects of such trauma, most importantly the manner in which the victim has died. This includes cases of homicide, suicide or accident, indicating the type of weapon responsible, explaining how it was used, and presenting other such information to the investigation of such cases. Features: * Includes over 400 full-color graphic and illustrative images throughout * Addresses all aspects of the investigation including trauma, crime scene findings, post-mortem examination, characteristics of injuries and categorization into homicide, suicide or accident * Covers the biomechanics of knife trauma and tool mark examination techniques to identify implements used * Illustrates penetrating injuries caused by pointed implements which have linear components, such as arrows, nails, spears, stakes and others * Details cutting, penetrating, and other sharp force injuries resulting from medical intervention in a healthcare environment, such as might occur during surgical procedures * Examines sharp injuries caused by domesticated and wild animals * Written by one of the premier forensic pathologists in the world with over 40 years of first-hand case experience Pathology of Sharp Force Trauma is the first substantive book published in English to look exclusively at this subject. Although primarily intended for pathologists and clinicians who are involved in the examination of such injuries in the post-mortem room or in a hospital environment, it will also be of interest to medical examiners, police and criminal investigators, attorneys and legal professionals, personnel in other forensic disciplines, and all doctors and medical students with an interested in trauma and its management.

Biological Environmental Science is an introductory textbook for undergraduate students who desire a one semester course or, alternatively, a 'springboard course for advanced environmental offerings. This book features timely issues such as global warming, air, ground and water pollutions, population growth, species extinction and environmental policy. Unique features of this book include the use of research data and literature, copious illustrations and appendices for the scientific method.

Instant Notes in Sport and Exercise Psychology provides concise coverage of sport and exercise psychology at the undergraduate level, and also covers the crucial basic psychology that underpins the subject. It has four main themes:

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• theoretical approaches and research methods
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• sport psychology at both the individual and group level of analysis
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• exercise psychology
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• practical applications including performance enhancement and ethics.

Suitable for students in sport and exercise science, sport psychology, sport studies and sports management, it will be useful for coaches and athletes who wish to gain an up-to-date understanding of the key concepts, theories and research in this area.

Establishing Scientific Classroom Discourse Communities: Multiple Voices of Teaching and Learning Research is designed to encourage discussion of issues surrounding the reform of classroom science discourse among teachers, teacher educators, and researchers. The contributors--some of the top educational researchers, linguists, and science educators in the world--represent a variety of perspectives pertaining to teaching, assessment, research, learning, and reform. As a whole the book explores the variety, complexity, and interconnectivity of issues associated with changing classroom learning communities and transforming science classroom discourse to be more representative of the discourse of scientific communities. The intent is to expand debate among educators regarding what constitutes exemplary scientific speaking, thinking, and acting. This book is unparalleled in discussing current reform issues from sociolinguistic and sociocultural perspectives. The need for a revised perspective on enduring science teaching and learning issues is established and a theoretical framework and methodology for interpreting the critique of classroom and science discourses is presented. To model and scaffold this ongoing debate, each chapter is followed by a "metalogue" in which the chapter authors and volume editors critique the issues traversed in the chapter by opening up the neatly argued issues. These "metalogues" challenge, extend, and deepen the arguments made. Central questions addressed include: *Why is a sociolinguistic interpretation essential in examining science education reform? *What are key similarities and differences between classroom and scientific communities? *How can the utility of common knowledge and existing classroom discourse be balanced toward alternative outcomes? *What curricular issues are associated with transforming classroom talk? *What other perspectives can assist in creating multiple access to science through redefining classroom discourse? Whether this volume improves readers' science teaching, assists their research, or helps them to better prepare tomorrow's science teachers, the goal is to engage them in considering the challenges faced by educators as they navigate the seas of reform and strive to improve science education for all.

Nutritional Ergogenic Aids provides an up-to-date review of what is hypothetical and what is known about the most extensively used nutritional ergogenic aids; dietary supplements to enhance physical and athletic performance. Among the 23 aids discussed are branched-chain amino acids, carnitine, creatine, glucosamine, chrondroitin sulfate, taurine, biocarbonates, and ginseng. Research conducted primarily with data available from human studies is analyzed and discussed. The book presents information and guidelines on safe use and provides a scientific basis regarding the benefits, shortcomings, and usefulness of nutritional ergogenic aids.

Guiding readers from the elucidation and analysis of a genomic sequence to the prediction of a protein structure and the identification of the molecular function, Introduction to Bioinformatics describes the rationale and limitations of the bioinformatics methods and tools that can help solve biological problems. Requiring only a limited mathematical and statistical background, the book shows how to efficiently apply these approaches to biological data and evaluate the resulting information. The author, an expert bioinformatics researcher, first addresses the ways of storing and retrieving the enormous amount of biological data produced every day and the methods of decrypting the information encoded by a genome. She then covers the tools that can detect and exploit the evolutionary and functional relationships among biological elements. Subsequent chapters illustrate how to predict the three-dimensional structure of a protein. The book concludes with a discussion of the future of bioinformatics. Even though the future will undoubtedly offer new tools for tackling problems, most of the fundamental aspects of bioinformatics will not change. This resource provides the essential information to understand bioinformatics methods, ultimately facilitating in the solution of biological problems.

Open Access Data is emerging as a source for cutting edge scholarship. This concise book provides guidance from generating a research idea to publishing results. Both young researchers and well-established scholars can use this book to upgrade their skills with respect to emerging data sources, analysis, and even post-publishing promotion. At the end of each chapter, a tutorial simulates a real example, allowing readers to apply what they learned about accessing open data, and analyzing this data to reach the results. This book can be of use by established researchers analyzing data, publishing, and actively promoting ongoing and research. Key selling features: Describes the steps, from A-Z, for doing open data research Includes interactive tutorials following each chapter Provides guidelines for readers so that they can use their own accessed open data Reviews recent software and websites promoting and enabling open data research Supplements websites which update recent open data sources

Open Access Data is emerging as a source for cutting edge scholarship. This concise book provides guidance from generating a research idea to publishing results. Both young researchers and well-established scholars can use this book to upgrade their skills with respect to emerging data sources, analysis, and even post-publishing promotion. At the end of each chapter, a tutorial simulates a real example, allowing readers to apply what they learned about accessing open data, and analyzing this data to reach the results. This book can be of use by established researchers analyzing data, publishing, and actively promoting ongoing and research. Key selling features: Describes the steps, from A-Z, for doing open data research Includes interactive tutorials following each chapter Provides guidelines for readers so that they can use their own accessed open data Reviews recent software and websites promoting and enabling open data research Supplements websites which update recent open data sources

Exercise and Disease Management is designed to help managed care physicians, their patients, other health care professionals, and interested readers integrate current exercise guidelines into their practices. This extraordinary book is accompanied by a series of 11 workbooks, each one for a chronic disease, designed specifically for physicians to give to their patients. These workbooks make it convenient for physicians to prescribe physical activity to their patients in a ready-to-use format. Each book chapter and workbook contains a section on the background, medical management, and exercise guidelines, accompanied by self-care instructions for patients, encouraging them to take a proactive role in their health and disease management. New and Updated in the Second Edition: A ready-to-use "Exercise Prescription Page," which follows each chapter on a specific disease, enables health care professionals, especially physicians in managed care, to prescribe exercise quickly to clients with specific medical conditions The "Rate Pressure Product" method for prescribing exercise helps health care providers individualize exercise prescriptions for patients with heart disease by accounting for the amount of oxygen the heart uses Individual companion workbooks on the downloadable resources provide patient health maintenance information about diabetes, AIDS, obesity, golden years (age 65 and older), heart, kidney, peripheral arterial, and lung disease. Workbooks for physical inactivity, osteoporosis, arthritis and high blood pressure also are included on the downloadable resources Common question-and-answer sections that help patients understand the diseases from which they suffer and encourages them to take responsibility for their health Exercise and Disease Management, Second Edition consolidates the current knowledge base on exercise and chronic disease, providing a ready-made format for health care providers to use when prescribing exercise programs for their clients. Using guidelines set forth by the American College of Sports Medicine and the American Association of Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Rehabilitation, this book helps physicians, other health care providers, and health enthusiasts respond to the challenge to keep patients healthier and active and reduce recurrent hospitalizations and health care costs.

Covering regulatory requirements stipulated by the FDA, this book delineates the organization, planning, verification, and documentation activities and procedural controls required for compliance with worldwide computer systems validation regulations. The author introduces supporting technologies such as encryption and digital signatures and places regulatory compliance within the context of quality assurance. He demonstrates the importance of integrating validation activities into the system lifecycle using a structured top-down approach. He covers practical applications of quality assurance and engineering techniques as they relate to the development of systems fit to meet user and regulatory requirements.

The rich fossil record of the Atlantic and Gulf coastal plains of the United States is a gold mine for interested scientists. The last thirty million years of Earth history are superbly chronicled by a succession of fossil assemblages extending from the St. Lawrence River to Florida. Marine scientists, paleontologists, and systematic biologists alike need a thorough guide to interpret this history.

Cenozoic Seas: The View from Eastern North America analyzes the changing geography, the arrival and departures of ecosystems and species, and the affect of climate on living things. The author classifies all of the region's fossil-bearing formations and their contents within a logical, descriptive framework of space and time, providing a clear path for those studying evolution and extinction within specific communities of organisms.

The book is also an excellent field guide for fossil collectors, providing detailed information for all species illustrated. Many organisms have never before been illustrated in a book on fossil shells.

Following the tradition of its predecessor, the fifth edition of Nutrition: Maintaining and Improving Health continues to offer a wide-ranging coverage of all aspects of nutrition while providing new information to this edition including: Increased coverage of experimental and observational methods used in nutrition In-depth focus on the nutritional implications of the increased adoption of vegetarian and vegan lifestyles Streamlined referencing - a short selected list of key references at the end of each chapter with URL links to free additional resources where possible Discussion of nutrition debates Critical coverage of "medicinal uses of food" including superfoods, functional foods and dietary supplements Updated bullet point summaries of key points after each major topic within each chapter The author provides an evidence-based evaluation of many key nutrition beliefs and philosophies. The book contains in-depth and critical reviews of the methods used to evaluate nutritional intakes/status and the observational and experimental used to investigate putative links between dietary factors and health outcome. It covers the role of food as a source of energy and nutrients while discussing the non-nutritional roles of food and the social and psychological factors that influence food choice. Presenting a critical discussion on the value of nutrition research linking specific foods or nutrients to specific diseases which encourages students to question the value of some current nutrition research. This is essential reading for all nutrition and dietetics students with different backgrounds who are studying nutrition as a specific discipline for the first time.

Provocative, ground-breaking and entertaining, the world’s leading expert on sexuality and the ovulation cycle reveals the hidden intelligence of hormones.

Did you know that at certain times of the month, women are inclined to dance more? Flirt more? Or that PMS may have evolved to remove boyfriends with unfit sperm? Why? Hormones.

Hormones help women choose mates, produce healthy offspring, raise them successfully, and, ultimately, make better decisions.

In this paradigm-shifting book, Martie Haselton explains how hormonal intelligence works – both its strengths and its weaknesses – and how women can track and understand their desires, fears and perceptions. By exploring the biological processes that profoundly influence our behaviour, Hormonal sets forth a radical, new understanding of women's bodies, one that sees hormonal cycles as adaptive solutions to genuine biological challenges.

This book will empower women everywhere to embrace their biology.

The book opens with a survey by Dr. Motron Cowan of biotin-responsive metabolic disorders of children. A group of Japanese researchers then present their latest data on the complex interactions between vitamin D and parathyroid hormone (PTH) in bone calcification. The author reviews the prolific published information relating vitramin C to infectious diseases and presents the results of an 8 year study into the prophylactic value of high-dose ascorbic acid (AA) and the common cold. Professor Kristoffersen and Dr. Rolschau review the effects of vitamin supplements during pregnancy and intrauterine growth. Possible protective effects of vitamin A and other retinoids against cancer are discussed by Dr. Jill Blunck, while Dr. Sue Tonkin describes her results on the interaction between oral contraceptives and riboflavin. Finally, the possible prevention of neural tube defects by vitamin supplements by Professor Laurence.

Since the first edition of Stochastic Modelling for Systems Biology, there have been many interesting developments in the use of "likelihood-free" methods of Bayesian inference for complex stochastic models. Having been thoroughly updated to reflect this, this third edition covers everything necessary for a good appreciation of stochastic kinetic modelling of biological networks in the systems biology context. New methods and applications are included in the book, and the use of R for practical illustration of the algorithms has been greatly extended. There is a brand new chapter on spatially extended systems, and the statistical inference chapter has also been extended with new methods, including approximate Bayesian computation (ABC). Stochastic Modelling for Systems Biology, Third Edition is now supplemented by an additional software library, written in Scala, described in a new appendix to the book. New in the Third Edition New chapter on spatially extended systems, covering the spatial Gillespie algorithm for reaction diffusion master equation models in 1- and 2-d, along with fast approximations based on the spatial chemical Langevin equation Significantly expanded chapter on inference for stochastic kinetic models from data, covering ABC, including ABC-SMC Updated R package, including code relating to all of the new material New R package for parsing SBML models into simulatable stochastic Petri net models New open-source software library, written in Scala, replicating most of the functionality of the R packages in a fast, compiled, strongly typed, functional language Keeping with the spirit of earlier editions, all of the new theory is presented in a very informal and intuitive manner, keeping the text as accessible as possible to the widest possible readership. An effective introduction to the area of stochastic modelling in computational systems biology, this new edition adds additional detail and computational methods that will provide a stronger foundation for the development of more advanced courses in stochastic biological modelling.

This volume provides reviews covering the latest advances in particular areas of connective tissue research. This comprehensive work also includes areas of the medical field in which the basic aspects could be applied. It explains that both cells and matrix are altered in disease states because of the strong interactions established between cells and the extracellular matrix. The aim of this book is to close the existing gap between basic scientists and clinical investigators. This reference is an absolute must for all biological chemists, clinical investigators, and pathologists. Students of these professions will find this reading both informative and useful as well.

Evolution of Fossil Ecosystems describes all of the main Fossil Lagerstatten (sites of exceptional fossil preservation) from around the world in a chronological order. It covers the history of research, stratigraphy and taphonomy, main faunal and floral elements, and the palaeoecology of each site and gives a comparison with coeval sites around the world. It includes all of the well-known fossil sites, such as the Burgess Shale, the Solnhofen Limestone, Mazon Creek, Rancho La Brea etc., and includes an appendix giving information on how to visit the sites and where to see the fossils in museum displays. Available now in its second edition, Lagerstatten included for the first time include Chengjiang, the Herefordshire Nodules and the Jehol Group. A welcome addition to the list of important localities of Cenozoic age is the White River Group, which preserves the finest examples of mammals around the Eocene-Oligocene boundary, including many now-extinct groups. The book is beautifully illustrated throughout with over 450 colour photographs and diagrams, and it is extensively referenced. Evolution of Fossil Ecosystems is essential reading to a wide range of students and professionals in palaeontology and related sciences, and to amateur enthusiasts.

Following its bestselling predecessor, Dimensions of Food, Eighth Edition, provides beneficial classroom and independent, instructive material for students. Instructors will find that this textbook's organization makes it easy to use and very flexible for teaching. A variety of stimulating experiences allow the student to explore and comprehend the numerous dimensions of food. Part I of this lab manual contains an analysis of economic, nutritional, palatability, chemical, sanitary, and food processing dimensions of food. Part II allows students to analyze the structural and functional properties of foods such as starches, fruits and vegetables, eggs, dairy, meat, poultry and fish, fats and oils, sweeteners, and baked goods. Part III features information on microwave cooking, and Part IV concludes with beneficial ideas on meal planning. All chapters in this informative and interactive insight into food science contain learning objectives, exercises, recipes, summary questions, and updated Dietitian's Notes. Contains several helpful Appendices on topics including: Food Guides and Dietary Guidelines, Food Equivalents, Portions, Food Allergens, Food Additives, Legislation, Foodborne Illness, Cooking Terms, Herbs and Spices, and Plant Proteins.

Cyberfeminism and Artificial Life examines construction, manipulation and re-definition of life in contemporary technoscientific culture. It takes a critical political view of the concept of life as information, tracing this through the new biology and the changing discipline of artificial life and its manifestation in art, language, literature, commerce and entertainment. From cloning to computer games, and incorporating an analysis of hardware, software and 'wetware', Sarah Kember demonstrates how this relatively marginal field connects with, and connects up global networks of information systems.
Ultimately, this book aims to re-focus concern on the ethics rather than on the 'nature' of life-as-it-could-be.