These proceedings were published as a result of a workshop sponsored by the Chemoprevention Branch of the National Cancer Institute. The workshop covered a range of topics including calcium and vitamin D in human nutrition; epidemiologic relationships betweencalcium, vitamin D, and colon cancer; the biology of calium and vitamin D at the tissue and cellular level; and enimal and human studies investigating the potential for prevention of colon cancer with calcium and vitamin D.

This book provides an authoritative and comprehensive source of information on the biochemical an metabolic aspects of digestion and absorption of different dietary fats and other lipids, with minimal discussion of the physical chemistry of the process, which has been covered in great detail in previous reviews. It is intended for both researchers and practitioners in the biomedical field who require detailed knowledge of the biomedical and metabolic transformations involed in the intestinal digestion and resynthesis of dietary fats and other lipids.

This volume, the result of an International Conference on Wet Site Archaeology funded by the National Endowment for the Humanities, explores the rewards and responsibilities of recovering unique assemblages from water-saturated deposits. Characteristics common to all archaeological wet sites are identified from Newfoundland to Chile, Polynesia to Florida, and from the Late Pleistocene to the Twentieth Century. Topics include innovative excavation and preservation methods; the need for adequate funding to preserve and analyze the abundant biological and cultural remains recovered only at archaeological wet sites; expanded knowledge of past environments, subsistence, technologies, artistic expressions, skeletal structure, and pathologies; the urgency to inform developers and governmental bodies about the invisible heritage entombed in wetlands that is often destroyed before it can be investigated; a formula for establishing priorities for excavating wet sites; and how to determine when enough of a wet site has been sampled.Many famous sites and discoveries are described in this volume, including Herculaneum, Hoko River, Hontoon Island, Key Marco, Monte Verde, Ozette, Somerset Levels, Windover, bog bodies of Northern Europe, and lake dwellers of Switzerland. Professional and amateur archaeologists, as well as anyone interested in archaeology or the significance of wet site archaeology will find this book fascinating.

Editors Fred M. Nordhauser and Wayne P. Olson have gathered a team of 18 experts from multi-national and leading edge companies to explore the advantages and disadvantages of current sterilization technologies. They cover the theory behind the technology, the practical concerns of installation from engineering and product development perspectives, the "how to validate" concern, and the pragmatics of implementation in a manner that will satisfy the regulatory agencies. The broad range of in-depth information on numerous technologies will help readers design sterile manufacturing processes cost effectively and efficiently.

The second edition of Nanotechnology in Biology and Medicine is intended to serve as an authoritative reference source for a broad audience involved in the research, teaching, learning, and practice of nanotechnology in life sciences. This technology, which is on the scale of molecules, has enabled the development of devices smaller and more efficient than anything currently available. To understand complex biological nanosystems at the cellular level, we urgently need to develop a next-generation nanotechnology tool kit. It is believed that the new advances in genetic engineering, genomics, proteomics, medicine, and biotechnology will depend on our mastering of nanotechnology in the coming decades. The integration of nanotechnology, material sciences, molecular biology, and medicine opens the possibility of detecting and manipulating atoms and molecules using nanodevices, which have the potential for a wide variety of biological research topics and medical uses at the cellular level. This book presents the most recent scientific and technological advances of nanotechnology for use in biology and medicine. Each chapter provides introductory material with an overview of the topic of interest; a description of methods, protocols, instrumentation, and applications; and a collection of published data with an extensive list of references for further details. The goal of this book is to provide a comprehensive overview of the most recent advances in instrumentation, methods, and applications in areas of nanobiotechnology, integrating interdisciplinary research and development of interest to scientists, engineers, manufacturers, teachers, and students.

Now in its Second Edition, Landmark Essays on Rhetoric of Science: Case Studies presents fifteen iconic essays in science studies, rhetorical criticism, and argumentation. Integral to the launch of the Landmark Essays series and renowned for its impact on the then-nascent field of rhetoric of science, this volume returns with a revised introduction and updated contributions to the field, including the work of Leah Ceccarelli, James Wynn, Ashley Rose Mehlenbacher, and Carolyn R. Miller.

This book was written to provide a thorough overview of clinical nutrition and immunology to allow the reader to become knowledgeable in this evolving and complex area of medicine. The reader, whether a clinician, student, teacher, or researcher, will find this book comprehensive and up to date.The disease-specific chapters have been written to focus attention on novel approaches to nutrient-immune system interactions that affect specific diseases. This includes the identification of immunologic actions that can be influenced by nutrition. Specific nutrient chapters were written by experienced investigators to provide the reader with an understanding of the current role of nutrients in the immune system with both clinical and research applications. Throughout the book, the authors actively emphasize new frontiers for research and practical use of new findings in the fields of nutritional medicine and nutritional pharmacology.

Methods for determining, isolating and identifying human milk lipids, together with problems associated with sampling and analysis, are described in some detail in the first 3 chapters of this book. Factors affecting total lipid content of human milk, lipid classification, fatty acids, the milk fat globule membrane, fat-soluble vitamins and nutritional aspects of human milk lipids are also extensively reviewed in Chapters 4-9.

It is hoped that the material presented in this book will provide the reader with a detailed description of the published research pertaining to the metabolic effects of dietary fructose, will define future research needs, and will stimulate interest in further research aimed at evaluating the advisability of the intake of fructose by humans.

In the first section of Volume 2, toxicological factors affecting nutritional status are discussed. Medications and alcohol may affect nutritional status. Section 2 provides a discussion of nutrition-related diseases which occur more frequently among the elderly. Cardiovascular diseases including coronary heart disease and cerebrovascular disease are the leading causes of death in the U.S. The relative importance of cardiovascular diseases, in terms of all deaths for the given age group, rises steadily with age. The death rate from these diseases is 28% for the middle age group (35 to 44) and is 69% for the old age group (age 75 and above. This reflects the continued progression of artherosclerosis with aging. Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the U.S. The death rate from cancer also rises steadily with age. The death rate from diabetes mellitus increases progressively with age and more rapidly after the age of 45. The incidence of diabetes mellitus is 0.23% under age 25 and 6.2% over 45.

A comprehensive reference text explores the nature of chelating agents and the underlying reasons for their metal-binding properties and discusses the mechanisms of absorption for various metals and the possible role of chelating agents in influencing the utilization of certain minerals. Topics include: the physico-chemical characteristics of chelates and chelation and their measurements; the bioavailability of metals and proteins as ligands; the role of phytic acid and other phosphates as chelating agents; miscellaneous chelates (oxalic acid, ionophores, clays); the chelation, uptake, and transport of zinc, and the influence of various foods and synthetic chelates on zinc availability; the chelation, and bioavailability of iron, and the effect of various chelating agents on nonheme iron absorption; chelation of copper by food substances; the chelation of miscellaneous minerals; the role of iron and copper chelation in reproduction; chelate toxicity; the use chelates in metal detoxification and therapy; and the use of chelates for removing metals from dietary ingredients. Technical data and illustrations are presented throughout the text, and reference citations are appended to each of the 12 principal text chapters

The purpose of this handbook is to provide comprehensive tables of percentage points of the inverse Gaussian distribution. There is no other publication available today which condenses these tables - to such extent-in a concise, straightforward manner. The inverse Gaussian distribution is not only important for determining boundary crossing probabilities of Brownian Motion, which probabilities determine the operating characteristics of many sequential sampling procedures in statistics. It is also used in quality control procedures. This one-of-a-kind work includes a brief introductory section which outlines the inverse Gaussian distribution and explains the tables. The tables are produced in a fine grid of cumulative probabilities, and uses the closed form expression for the cumulative distribution function. This easy-to-use table reference also includes an excellent discussion of searching ordered tables. This handbook is a helpful, indispensable guide for all who are involved with statistics, mathematics, and computers. Mechanical engineers and physicists will find it useful also.

This work is written to provide a qualitative introduction, appropriate for a general science audience, to the application of pragmagnetic resonance to the determination of biomolecular dynamics. The work is also intended as a reference resource for those pursuing or contemplating research in the hydrodynamics. The work is also intended as a reference resource for those pursuing or contemplating research in the hydrodynamic characterization of components of Biosystems. Thus, the Introduction, Theory, and Methodology sections involve presentations at two levels a pictorial and intuitive presentation for the generalist and a quantitative presentation for the specialist. The sections on applications provide a critical discussion of both pure and applied research applications which yields insights into both the capabilities and limitations of the methodology. The applications sections are also of interest from the standpoint of the detailed characterization of certain Biosystems, such as erythrocytes, which have evolved from EPR measurements.

A reference text for US federal, state, and local environmental health officials concerned with food safety and for their US food industry counterparts presents the proceedings of the 1986 Conference for Food Protection. The text includes 36 technical papers grouped among 6 specific areasof food safety, viz.: toxicology; microbiology; good manufacturing practice regulations and guidelines, including quality control and quality assurance concepts; consumer education on food and nutrition; and the processing and packaging of new foods and new processing technologies (e.g.: genetic engineering, food-packaging interactions, irradiation processing, aseptic packaging, biotechnology). Specific recommendations by committees representing each of these 6 areas are included

The purpose of this Handbook is to bring together all the available information on the nutritional requirements of animal organisms for specific processes and functions. This is believed to be the first systematic treatment of nutrition in a functional context. Apart from furnishing specific nutritional data, this Handbook provides a useful framework for a comparative physiologist or biochemist searching for commonality or idfferences among various biological systems.

The Handbook is composed of two parts, the first volume covering supplements for human usewhile the second volume is devoted to agriculture supplements. This volume, relating to agriculture supplements, covers various food byproducts and nutritional and other food supplements used in animal feeding. In addition, it also includes information on nutrition supplements for plants.

The Handbook is composed of two parts, the first volume covering supplements for human usewhile the second volume is devoted to agriculture supplements. This volume, relating to food supplements for human use, is organized on the basis of raw materials utilized in their production, as well as on the basis of target groups for which they are intended.

* Discusses the potential risks of moderately elevated iron levels* Examines historical and present-day findings about iron* Focuses on the three principles under which the re-examination of the safety of high iron levels is justified* Features new hypotheses on the molecular basis of aging, autoimmune disease, reperfusion injury, and neurodegenerative disease

This book is based on the papers presented at the Symposium on Low Calorie and Special Dietary Foods at the annual meeting of the Institute of Food Technologies in Anaheim California on June 8, 1976.

The studies presented in this book demonstrate that a new concept in the management of carious intestinal disorders should be considered, namely, that common nutrients may protect or heal the mucosa by virtue of the particular form and mode in which they are delivered to the intestinal lumen and their availability to the mucosal cells. The substitution of intact protein in the formula by hydrolysate appears to me an important factor.

Designed as an "operator's manual", this text introduces students and lay readers to the subject of human chronobiology. It describes biological clocks and the methods used to measure rhythms of humans and animals. It explains how humans are synchronized with a 24-hour environment using time cues and how external time cue deprivation affects acitivity and rest time in the individual's inherited "biological watch". In addition, this volume details how the human clock adjusts to travel across time zones, shift work alterations, and change between standard and daylight time. It contains information and blank forms so that the reader can measure his own rhythms and apply the results to improve daily activity and wellness.

One of the most popular introductory texts in its field, Statistics for Technology: A Course in Applied Studies presents the range of statistical methods commonly used in science, social science, and engineering. The mathematics are simple and straightforward; statistical concepts are explained carefully; and real-life (rather than contrived) examples are used throughout the chapters. Divided into three parts, the Introduction describes some simple methods of summarizing data. Theory examines the basic concepts and theory of statistics. Applications covers the planning and procedures of experiments, quality control, and life testing. Revised throughout, this Third Edition places a higher priority on the role of computers in analysis, and many new references have been incorporated. A new appendix describes general methods of tackling statistical problems, including guidance on literature searching and report writing.

Quick and Easy Access to Key Elements of Documentation Includes worked examples across a wide variety of applications, tasks, and graphics A unique companion for statistical coders, Using SAS for Data Management, Statistical Analysis, and Graphics presents an easy way to learn how to perform an analytical task in SAS, without having to navigate through the extensive, idiosyncratic, and sometimes unwieldy software documentation. Organized by short, clear descriptive entries, the book covers many common tasks, such as data management, descriptive summaries, inferential procedures, regression analysis, multivariate methods, and the creation of graphics. Through the extensive indexing, cross-referencing, and worked examples in this text, users can directly find and implement the material they need. The text includes convenient indices organized by topic and SAS syntax. Demonstrating the SAS code in action and facilitating exploration, the authors present example analyses that employ a single data set from the HELP study. They also provide several case studies of more complex applications. Data sets and code are available for download on the book's website. Helping to improve your analytical skills, this book lucidly summarizes the features of SAS most often used by statistical analysts. New users of SAS will find the simple approach easy to understand while more expert SAS programmers will appreciate the invaluable source of task-oriented information.

Understanding the diagnostic methods necessary to identify bloodstream infections. In the clinical microbiology laboratory, blood is a critical diagnostic sample that, in the majority of cases is sterile (or is it?). However, when microbes gain access to and multiply in the bloodstream, it can result in life-threatening illness including sepsis. Mortality rates from bloodstream infection and sepsis range from 25% to 80%, killing millions of people annually. Blood cultures are a vital technology used in the microbiology laboratory to isolate and identify microbes and predict their response to antimicrobial therapy. The Dark Art of Blood Cultures, edited by Wm. Michael Dunne, Jr., and Carey-Ann D. Burnham, surveys the entire field of blood culture technology, providing valuable information about every phase of the process, from drawing samples to culture methods to processing positive cultures. The Dark Art of Blood Cultures is organized around several major topics.

Death Investigation: Systems and Procedures is the first book dedicated to the topic of death investigation from a legal standpoint as well as the administrative and operational procedures that pertain to the medical examiner and the coroner system in the United States. Unique in its perspective, this book is the only one not concerned with instructing on investigatory conduct, autopsy procedure, pathology, or the solving of crimes. Instead, it explains the concepts and principles of death investigation established by governments, and outlines the legal and administrative steps that must be taken throughout the case. Beginning with an introduction to the basic types of death investigation, the text explains the circumstances and statutory basis for death investigation systems. The author provides specific details about the role of coroners, medical examiners, and other forensic scientists and personnel who may officially be a part of the investigation. The overall goals of the investigations are included along with case studies and examples illustrating the procedures used in each type. The author also adds a brief summary of the specific system employed by each state. A considerable portion of the book is devoted to practical considerations such as the contents of the autopsy report, the death certificate, principles and issues related to evidence and expert witnesses, as well as a description of a typical day at a medical examiner's or coroner's office. Well referenced with websites and sources of further information, Death Investigation: Systems and Procedures provides a comprehensive, concise procedural reference to students and professionals including lawyers, crime scene technicians, and anyone who works with death investigation data, or within the death investigation systems in the United States.