Nature converts molecules into edible structures, most of which are then transformed into products in factories and kitchens. Tasty food structures enter our mouths and different sensations invade our bodies. By the time these structures reach our cells, they have been broken back down into molecules that serve as fuel and raw materials for our bodies. Drawing from the physical and engineering sciences, food technology, nutrition, and gastronomy, Edible Structures: The Basic Science of What We Eat examines the importance of food structures the supramolecular assemblies and matrices that are created by nature and when we cook rather than the basic chemical compounds that are the more traditional focus of study. The central objectives of this book are to address the pressing food trends of this century, including: Growing evidence that flavorful food structures are important for the delivery of the nutritious and healthful food molecules from which they are made A need to understand and control how food structures are created and presented as products that respond to nutritional requirements Opportunities to design certain foods to better suit the needs of modern lifestyles The empowerment of consumers and the appearance of the axis that connects the food we eat with our brain, digestive system, and the cells in our body The separation between a knowledgeable gourmet "elite" and the rest of the population who simply want to eat quick meals as cheaply as possible Entertaining and informative, Edible Structures: The Basic Science of What We Eat uses scientific yet understandable terms throughout to facilitate the communication between experts and the educated public, especially those who are curious, love to cook and innovate in the kitchen and/or want to enjoy good food. The language and concepts presented in this book giv

In Silico Drug Discovery and Design: Theory, Methods, Challenges, and Applications provides a comprehensive, unified, and in-depth overview of the current methodological strategies in computer-aided drug discovery and design. Its main aims are to introduce the theoretical framework and algorithms, discuss the range of validity, strengths and limitations of each methodology, and present applications to real world problems in the drug discovery arena. Special emphasis has been given to the emerging and most pressing methodological challenges in in silico drug discovery and design. The book assumes a basic knowledge of physical principles and molecular modeling. Particular attention has been paid to outline the underlying physico-chemical foundation of the methods described, thus providing the necessary background to avoid a "black-box" approach. In each self-contained chapter, this is presented together with the latest developments and applications, and the challenges that lie ahead. Assembling a unique team of experts to weigh in on the most important issues influencing modern computational drug discovery and design, this book constitutes both a desktop reference to academic and industrial researchers in the field, and a textbook for students in the area of molecular modeling and drug discovery. Comprised of 18 chapters and divided into three parts, this book: Provides a comprehensive, unified, and in-depth overview of the current methodological strategies in computer-aided drug discovery and design Outlines the underlying physico-chemical foundation of the methods described Presents several applications of computational methods to real world problems in the drug design field Helps to avoid a "black-box" approach to in silico drug discovery Constitutes an actual textbook for students in the area of molecular modeling and drug discovery Gives the reader the adequate background to face the current challenges of the field In Silico Drug Discovery and Design: Theory, Methods, Challenges, and Applications describes the theoretical framework, methods, practical applications and case examples relevant to computer-aided drug lead discovery and design. This text will surely aid in understanding the underlying physical foundation of computational tools and their range of application, thus facilitating the interpretation of simulation results.

Analysis of Failure and Survival Data is an essential textbook for graduate-level students of survival analysis and reliability and a valuable reference for practitioners. It focuses on the many techniques that appear in popular software packages, including plotting product-limit survival curves, hazard plots, and probability plots in the context of censored data. The author integrates S-Plus and Minitab output throughout the text, along with a variety of real data sets so readers can see how the theory and methods are applied. He also incorporates exercises in each chapter that provide valuable problem-solving experience. In addition to all of this, the book also brings to light the most recent linear regression techniques. Most importantly, it includes a definitive account of the Buckley-James method for censored linear regression, found to be the best performing method when a Cox proportional hazards method is not appropriate.Applying the theories of survival analysis and reliability requires more background and experience than students typically receive at the undergraduate level. Mastering the contents of this book will help prepare students to begin performing research in survival analysis and reliability and provide seasoned practitioners with a deeper understanding of the field.

Mass Fatality and Casualty Incidents: A Field Guide presents in checklist form the recommended responses to events that result in mass fatalities, such as the Oklahoma City bombing, the crash of a jet airliner, or the attack on the World Trade Center. All cities in the United States will have to have a mass fatality disaster plan in effect by the end of 1999. Mr. Jensen is a leading authority in this area and provides training for police, fire and hospital personnel (including EMTs and social workers), local, state, federal and international emergency planners and responders. This book details actions that are part of a mass fatality incident response. Specifically, they are the actions that begin once life and property preservation ceases and continues through to the release of the deceased. Thus, primary focus is on search, recovery, medicolegal investigation, personal effects operations, family assistance operations, and media operations. Ancillary steps include logistics support, security, responder protection, attitudes and coping with mass death.

Drawn from nearly four decades of Lawrence L. Kupper's teaching experiences as a distinguished professor in the Department of Biostatistics at the University of North Carolina, Exercises and Solutions in Biostatistical Theory presents theoretical statistical concepts, numerous exercises, and detailed solutions that span topics from basic probability to statistical inference. The text links theoretical biostatistical principles to real-world situations, including some of the authors own biostatistical work that has addressed complicated design and analysis issues in the health sciences. This classroom-tested material is arranged sequentially starting with a chapter on basic probability theory, followed by chapters on univariate distribution theory and multivariate distribution theory. The last two chapters on statistical inference cover estimation theory and hypothesis testing theory. Each chapter begins with an in-depth introduction that summarizes the biostatistical principles needed to help solve the exercises. Exercises range in level of difficulty from fairly basic to more challenging (identified with asterisks). By working through the exercises and detailed solutions in this book, students will develop a deep understanding of the principles of biostatistical theory. The text shows how the biostatistical theory is effectively used to address important biostatistical issues in a variety of real-world settings. Mastering the theoretical biostatistical principles described in the book will prepare students for successful study of higher-level statistical theory and will help them become better biostatisticians.

The field of biomedical engineering has vastly expanded in the past two decades, as reflected in the increased number of bioengineering and biomaterials programs at universities. The growth of this area has outpaced the development of laboratory courses that allow students hands-on experience, since the barriers involved in creating multidisciplinary biomaterials laboratory courses are high. A Laboratory Course in Biomaterials provides a teaching tool comprehensive in scope perspective. Multidisciplinary approach Suitable for junior or senior level laboratory courses in biomaterials and bioengineering, this volume trains students in laboratory skills, data analysis, problem solving, and scientific writing. The text takes a multidisciplinary approach, integrating a variety of principles that include materials science, chemistry, biochemistry, molecular and cell biology, and engineering. Step-by-step instructions The author presents flexible modules that allow the coursework to be adapted to the needs of different departments. Each module is organized around a central theme, such as drug delivery and natural biomaterials, to enhance student comprehension. This book provides step-by-step descriptions of lab procedures, reagents, equipment, and data processing guidelines. It also includes a series of thought-provoking questions and answers following each experiment, drawn from the author's own experience in teaching a biomaterials laboratory course at the University of Illinois. Timely in its coverage, many of the experiments presented in the book are adapted from research papers reflecting the progress in various disciplines of bioengineering and biomaterials science.

A postmortem X-ray of a male homicide victim reveals a bullet lodged next to his spine. That he was shot is clear. How recently? is what death investigators must determine. The answer: the absence of scar tissue surrounding the bullet proves the victim had been recently shot. And while the average person may find tattoos to be creative and aesthetic, to the trained death investigator, they can actually be the key to aiding in the eventual identification of a body. They say the dead can't speak. But in the fascinating field of forensic pathology, the deceased can tell an elaborate story, especially when death investigators know what clues to look for. The first volume in the new Forensic Pathology Atlases: Causes of Death Series, this book takes an in-depth look at the determination of the time of death, postmortem changes, and identification. In TIME OF DEATH, DECOMPOSITION AND IDENTIFICATION, you'll learn through the extensive use of photographs and discussion how estimating the time of death can rarely be accomplished with scientific accuracy. You'll learn about the numerous changes the body undergoes after death, and how positive and probable identifications are made. For death investigators, law enforcement officers, attorneys, and anyone else involved in forensic death cases, TIME OF DEATH, DECOMPOSITION AND IDENTIFICATION is a "must have" resource.

This book is a compilation and commentary of selected laws and regulations pertaining to the general practice of pharmacy in the United States. It is designed to be of assistance to practicing pharmacists, those seeking licensure by reciprocity, and other interested healthcare professionals.

Investigation into basic and advanced peptide design, synthesis, evaluation and utilization. New therapeutic approaches from experimental systems.

In a proper court setting, experts in various fields are often asked to provide testimony and evidence on numerous professional topics. To be able to effectively testify in a courtroom requires knowledge, training, experience, and expertise. The materials presented in Certified Forensic Consultant Body of Knowledge provide the necessary information to prepare and give effective testimony in a courtroom trial. This book covers all aspects of preparation and conduct during the trial process relevant to forensic expert consultants, with focused chapters that review the details of The legal system Marketing consultation services Litigation processes, themes, and strategies General legal principles Expert witness payment The discovery process The forensic expert's deposition The trial process and the forensic expert's role in it Professional practices In using this book, readers will learn about the complete court process, from the opening arguments to the establishment of proper fees, ways to correctly testify in a professional manner, the forensic expert's role in litigation, and the conclusion of the trial. The Certified Forensic Consultant Body of Knowledge provides a thorough guide to the process of giving forensic expert testimony in the courtroom.

Criminal investigators have a long list of duties. They must identify and secure a crime scene, conduct interviews of witnesses and victims, interrogate suspects, identify and properly collect evidence, and establish and maintain a chain of custody. Once an investigation is underway, the criminal investigator must demonstrate thorough knowledge of investigative techniques for misdemeanors or felonies and for violent or nonviolent crimes. The criminal investigator must also accurately and unbiasedly document each step in the investigative process as well as be proficient at testifying in a trial. The Certified Criminal Investigator Body of Knowledge prepares candidates for the Certified Criminal Investigator, CCI program, the first open source, peer-reviewed credential in the world. The program sets standards for criminal investigation in a time when certification for investigators is crucial to filling gaps in the field. This book covers all aspects of the criminal investigation process to enable candidates to meet the requirements of the program. It reviews the history and development of forensic studies, ethical behavior of the investigator, evidence collection and preservation, investigation management, and courtroom demeanor and testimony. Fulfilling a need for standardization of knowledge and competency in criminal investigation education, The Certified Criminal Investigator Body of Knowledge provides a thorough resource for the candidate preparing to become a criminal investigator. It also serves as a handy reference for the professional working through an investigation.

The pharmaceutical industry is under increasing pressure to do more with less. Drug discovery, development, and clinical trial costs remain high and are subject to rampant inflation. Ever greater regulatory compliance forces manufacturing costs to rise despite social demands for more affordable health care. Traditional methodologies are failing and the industry needs to find new and innovative approaches for everything it does. Six Sigma in the Pharmaceutical Industry: Understanding, Reducing, and Controlling Variation in Pharmaceuticals and Biologics is the first book to focus on the building blocks of understanding and reducing variation using the Six Sigma method as applied specifically to the pharmaceutical industry. It introduces the fundamentals of Six Sigma, examines control chart theory and practice, and explains the concept of variation management and reduction. Describing the approaches and techniques responsible for their own significant success, the authors provide more than just a set of tools, but the basis of a complete operating philosophy. Allowing other references to cover the structural elements of Six Sigma, this book focuses on core concepts and their implementation to improve the existing products and processes in the pharmaceutical industry. The first half of the book uses simple models and descriptions of practical experiments to lay out a conceptual framework for understanding variation, while the second half introduces control chart theory and practice. Using case studies and statistics, the book illustrates the concepts and explains their application to actual workplace improvements. Designed primarily for the pharmaceutical industry, Six Sigma in the Pharmaceutical Industry: Understanding, Reducing, and Controlling Variation in Pharmaceuticals and Biologics provides the fundamentals of variation management and reduction in sufficient detail to assist in transforming establishe

Americans are bombarded with statistical data each and every day, and healthcare professionals are no exception. All segments of healthcare rely on data provided by insurance companies, consultants, research firms, and the federal government to help them make a host of decisions regarding the delivery of medical services. But while these health professionals rely on data, do they really make the best use of the information? Not if they fail to understand whether the assumptions behind the formulas generating the numbers make sense. Not if they don t understand that the world of healthcare is flooded with inaccurate, misleading, and even dangerous statistics. Statistical Analysis for Decision Makers in Healthcare: Understanding and Evaluating Critical Information in a Competitive Market, Second Edition explains the fundamental concepts of statistics, as well as their common uses and misuses. Without jargon or mathematical formulas, nationally renowned healthcare expert and author, Jeff Bauer, presents a clear verbal and visual explanation of what statistics really do. He provides a practical discussion of scientific methods and data to show why statistics should never be allowed to compensate for bad science or bad data. Relying on real-world examples, Dr. Bauer stresses a conceptual understanding that empowers readers to apply a scientifically rigorous approach to the evaluation of data. With the tools he supplies, you will learn how to dismantle statistical evidence that goes against common sense. Easy to understand, practical, and even entertaining, this is the book you wish you had when you took statistics in college and the one you are now glad to have to defend yourself against the abundance of bad studies and misinformation that might otherwise corrupt your decisions.

A thorough understanding of cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the individual expression of toxic effects provides an important tool for assessment of human health risk. New aspects, major advances, and new areas in molecular and cellular biology and toxicology demand updated sources of information to elucidate the functional mechanics of human toxicology. Mechanistic Toxicology: The Molecular Basis of How Chemicals Disrupt Biological Targets, Second Edition retains the accessible format of the original to present the general principles that link xenobiotic-induced toxicity with the molecular pathways that underlie these toxic effects. Extensively illustrated, this book forms a conceptual bridge between multiple events at the molecular level and the determinants of toxicity at the physiological and cellular level. Specific examples of drugs, environmental pollutants, and other chemicals are carefully chosen to illustrate and highlight the fundamental mechanisms of toxicity at different toxicokinetic and toxicodynamic levels. The book includes references and review articles at the end of each chapter, as well as boxed text for relevant review information on biological, biochemical, molecular, and toxicological background. Linking molecular pathways to more general biomedical contexts, the author ensures that the reader is not lost in the details and instead receives a broad understanding of the processes underlying xenobiotic toxicity. New in the Second Edition : Updated chapters Types of toxic responses Disruption of signal transduction by xenobiotics Disruption of mitochondrial function Novel mechanisms derived from systems toxicology

Until recently, acquiring a background in the basic methodological principles that apply to most types of investigations meant struggling to obtain results through laborious calculations. The advent of statistical software packages has removed much of the tedium and many of the errors of manual calculations and allowed a marked increase in the depth and sophistication of analyses. Although most statistics classes now incorporate some instruction in using a statistics package, most introductory texts do not. Quantitative Investigations in the Biosciences using MINITAB fills this void by providing an introduction to investigative methods that, in addition to outlining statistical principles and describing methods of calculations, also presents essential commands and interprets output from the statistics package MINITAB. The author introduces the three basic elements of investigations-design, analysis, and reporting-using an extremely accessible approach that keeps mathematical detail to a minimum. He groups statistical tests according to the type of problem they are used to examine, such as comparisons, sequential relationships, and associations. Quantitative Investigations in the Biosciences using MINITAB draws techniques and examples from a variety of subjects, ranging from physiology and biochemistry through to ecology, behavioral sciences, medicine, agriculture and horticulture, and complements the mathematical results with formal conclusions for all of the worked examples. It thus provides an ideal handbook for anyone in virtually any field who wants to apply statistical techniques to their investigations.

The Social Meaning of Modern Biology analyzes the cultural significance of recurring attempts since the time of Darwin to extract social and moral guidance from the teachings of modern biology. Such efforts are often dismissed as ideological defenses of the social status quo, of the sort wrongly associated with nineteenth-century social Darwinism. Howard Kaye argues they are more properly viewed as culturally radical attempts to redefine who we are by nature and thus rethink how we should live. Despite the scientific and philosophical weaknesses of arguments that "biology is destiny," and their dehumanizing potential, in recent years they have proven to be powerfully attractive. They will continue to be so in an age enthralled by genetic explanations of human experience and excited by the prospect of its biological control.

In the ten years since the original edition of The Social Meaning of Modern Biology was published, changes in both science and society have altered the terms of debate over the nature of man and human culture. Kaye's epilogue thoroughly examines these changes. He discusses the remarkable growth of ethology and sociobiology in their study of animal and human behavior and the stunning progress achieved in neuropsychology and behavioral genetics. These developments may appear to bring us closer to long-sought explanations of our physical, mental, and behavioral "machinery." Yet, as Kaye demonstrates, attempts to use such explanations to unify the natural and social sciences are mired in self-contradictory accounts of human freedom and moral choice. The Social Meaning of Modern Biology remains a significant study in the field of sociobiology and is essential reading for sociologists, biologists, behavioral geneticists, and psychologists.

A concise overview of some of the findings and topics related to the pharmacology and clinical applications of traditional herbal therapeutics. It addresses the current and potential roles for herbal medicine in the context of our evolving health-care systems. Introducing many pharmacological advances made, the work also describes the modern theories and scientific methodologies applied to today's studies on herbal medicines and new drug development.

Pharmacology, in its own right, is a massive subject area and has been the focus of several major textbooks. Human Pharmacology is a readable, introductory text covering all of the main aspects of pharmacology in a way that enthuses the reader to study the subject further. Each chapter includes line drawings and figures to illustrate concepts and mechanisms of action. Each chapter ends with a selection of recommended reading and multiple choice revision questions. The author introduction to the science of pharmacology allows readers to appreciate why and how certain drugs alleviate the symptoms of disease.

A compilation of state of the art papers on key topics in bryology from invited speakers at the Centenary Symposium, University of Glasgow, 57 August 1996.

The aim of this unique volume is to help medical researchers design clinical trials to improve survival, remission duration, or time to recurrence of disease. Written in a user-friendly step-by-step format, this work enables the researcher-with no background in statistics-to determine sample size and write statistical considerations for their protocols. It provides critical language which can help with FDA submissions and/or research grants. It also provides the mathematical justification of the material at a level consistent with one year of undergraduate mathematical statistics. It presents survival analysis methods at a more elementary level than any known text. Filled with tables, figures, plus an extensive appendix, this one-of-a-kind reference is an absolute must for all clinical researchers and biostatisticians.

As social networking continues to evolve and expand, the opportunities for deviant and criminal behavior have multiplied. Social Networking as a Criminal Enterprise explores how new avenues for social networking criminality have affected our criminal justice system. With insight from field experts, this book examines: The history of social networking and the process of developing an online identity Schools of criminological theory and how they relate to criminality on social networking websites Forms of criminal behavior that can be performed utilizing social networking websites Criminality via texting, identity theft, and hacking Adolescents as offenders and victims in cyberbullying and digital piracy Online sexual victimization, including child pornography and sexual solicitation of youth The book concludes by discussing law enforcement's response, including new techniques and training, type of evidence, and use of experts. It also discusses how the corrections system has been affected by these types of offenders. Discussion questions at the end of each chapter encourage critical thinking and case studies help place the material in context. Ideal for students and scholars, the book offers a comprehensive examination of how the emergence of social networking has affected criminality online, and how it has impacted the criminal justice system.

Chemicalsare a part of daily life and can be found all around us. Many common chemicals when mixed improperly whether intentionally or not can pose serious consequences to those who come in contact with them. Written by an author who is an experiencedhazmat-qualifiedfirst responder,forensicspecialist, and educator, Explosives and Chemical Weapons Identification provides the means to quickly identify the type of explosive or chemical weapon at hand upon arriving at the scene. A thorough and accessible reference, this book contains the identification capabilities for 468 different formulations for explosives and chemical weapons. It presents detailed descriptions for each of these formulations by breaking down their materials into five concise categories: common name, synonym, class, ingredients, and use. The materials are also indexed by common name, class, and ingredient. A handy reference packed with critical information and over 350 illustrations and photographs to aid in visual identification, Explosives and Chemical Weapons Identification is an essential resource that every first responder and forensic professional must have within reach every time.

Guide to Forensic Pathology provides a concise overview of forensic pathology to those who wish to know the basics but lack formal forensic training. Both fascinating and practical, this book explains everything from who the experts are in death investigation and what their roles are to how effective testimonies are presented in court. The importance of forensic DNA testing is emphasized with a separate section in this timely reference guide.

"Approximately 65% of our population is overweight and 12% are morbidly obese. This is despite more than 25 years of attempted medical management. Clearly all current efforts have failed to control this enormous problem. Could it be that we have failed to recognize the cause of the disease and therefore have misdirected our efforts?" Alfredo Fernandez, MD, FASMBS, Surgeon, Tampa, Florida Reducing obesity through bariatric surgery provides a sustainable weight loss regimen, because it restricts the size of the stomach and limits food intake. However, the surgery limits the amount of nutrients absorbed by the stomach and small intestine. This book provides a comprehensive, practical guide on pre- and post-nutrition considerations in bariatric patients. It describes surgeries including gastric bypass, lap band, and sleeve; nutrition protocols for surgery patients; pregnancy considerations- pre- and post-surgery; food consumption post-surgery; advancing healthy food intake after surgery; minimizing negative side effects; and recommendations to maintain healthy diet. This nutritional guide provides health care practitioners descriptions and answers to the many questions bariatric surgery patients need to know and ask in support group meetings and individual counseling sessions. The first chapter focuses on Selling Obesity and Food as a Cheap and Legal Drug, outlining how food advertising, portion size increases, and food frauds have contributed to the obesity crisis. New research into gut hormones, microbiome influence on obesity, firmicutes, and histamine are included, as well as pregnancy after bariatric surgery and lifestyle changes eating, sleep, hydration, stress management needed for success after surgery. Many health care practitioners will use the Post Op Discharge Diet stages of progression to explain how the patient needs to prepare for their liquid diet and overcome numerous issues like dumping syndrome, hypoglycemia, a

A number of books written by statisticians address the mathematical optimization of biological systems, but do not directly address statistical optimization. Statistical Optimization of Biological Systems covers the optimization of bioprocess systems in its entirety, devoting much-needed attention to the experimental optimization of biological systems using statistical techniques. Employing real-life bioprocess optimization problems and their solutions as examples, this book: Describes experimental design from identifying process variables to selecting a screening design, applying response surface methodology, and conducting regression modeling Demonstrates the statistical analysis and optimization of different experimental designs, the results of which are used to establish important variables and optimum settings Details the optimization techniques employed to determine optimum levels of the process variables for both single- and multiple-response systems Discusses important experimental designs, such as evolutionary operation programs and Taguchi's designs Delineates the concept of hybrid experimental design using the essence of a genetic algorithm Statistical Optimization of Biological Systems examines the complex nature of biological systems, the need for optimization, and the rationale of statistical and non-statistical optimization methods. More importantly, the book explains how to successfully apply mathematical and statistical techniques to the optimization of biological systems.