This book consists of papers presented at an International workshop on Computer-Aided Scheduling of Public Transport, held at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1997. This Workshop series has focused on vehicle and crew scheduling problems, and the development of software systems incorporating operations research techniques for operational planning in public transport. More recently, the scope of topics has broadened to reflect the greater roles played by computers in the full spectrum of scheduling problems, and societal demand for greater access to public transport. Accordingly several papers are included on demand-responsive systems, service design, operations control, and automatic public information systems. It is clear that the the state-of-the-art in software, hardware, and operations research will continue to advance at a rapid rate, dealing with the expanded, complex problems of planning and operational control in public transport, as they relate to scheduling.

This book presents the results of the study "Infrastructure Capital, Maintenance and Road Damage Costs for Different Heavy Goods Vehicles in the EU" which was commissioned by the European Commission, DG VII. This study supported the preparation of the white book on transport infrastructure charging. The study an European consortium consisting of DIW (German has been conducted by Institute for Economic Research, project leader and responsible for the country reports for Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxembourg and Sweden), INFRAS (responsible for the country reports for Switzerland, Denmark, Portugal and Greece), Consultancy Dr. Herry (responsible for the country reports for Austria, Finland, France and Italy) and NERA (National Economic Research Associates, responsible for the country reports for the UK, Ireland and Spain). The project ran from November 1997 to March 1998 and was monitored by a steering committee with representatives of the EU-member states. This book is dealing with the calculation of costs for road infrastructure and congestion and the allocation of these costs to vehicle types. It focuses on heavy goods vehicles. This is a topic of high relevance for transport policy both on the national and the EU-Ievel with a long tradition of political and scientific debate. The study contains a comprehensive methodological comparison of existing models for calculating road capital values and capital costs and for allocating infrastructure costs to vehicle types.

Contents:
1. Government, interest groups and policy change
2. The dynamics of the rail 'hollow core': the prelude to Beeching
3. Occupying the 'hollow core': the Beeching era at British Rail 1960-65
4. Roadbuilding as a policy idea and a weak advocacy coalition 1900-54
5. Ministers and motorways: the making of a hegemonic policy community 1954-59
6. Undermining a hegemonis policy community: trunk roads and the first wave of environmentalsim 1973-79
7. 'Roads for prosperity' versus 'sustainable mobility': new challenges and confrontations 1989-93
8. The destruction of 'roads for prosperity': from hegemony to ignominy 1993-99
9. The 'hollow core' revisisted: rail privatisation 1987-92
10. Why does policy change? 'The four I's' and the significance of time

Das Werk integriert alle betriebswirtschaftlichen Aspekte des Tourismus zu einer umfassenden Gesamtdarstellung: Ein grundlegendes Lehrbuch fur alle Studierenden im Bereich Touristik und ein systematisches Nachschlagewerk fur die Praxis."

Das relevante Wissen aus den unterschiedlichen Branchen, die den Tourismus ermoglichen, wird im Lexikon Tourismus zusammengefasst. In unterschiedlich umfangreichen Stichworten, von der Erlauterung von Fachbegriffen bis hin zu langeren Artikeln, wird ein umfassendes Wissen zu Fluggesellschaften, Flughafen, Reiseburos, Reiseveranstaltern, zu Hotellerie und Gastronomie, Reservierungssystemen, Tourismusorganisationen usw. vermittelt. Erganzt wird es durch zentrale und fur das Verstandnis wichtige betriebswirtschaftliche Eintrage. Daruber hinaus werden auch die volkswirtschaftliche Bedeutung des Tourismus, psychologische Momente und soziale Aspekte des Reisens in den aufgefuhrten Stichworten reflektiert."

A major concern of all decision makers has been to ensure that there are clear benefits from transport investment proposals. The travel time savings are clear, but the wider economic developments have presented enormous difficulty in terms of both theoretical arguments and empirical evidence. This book reviews the history of the debate and argues that the agenda has changed.
These issues are presented together with a major analytical investigation of macroeconomic models, evaluation in transport and microeconomic approaches. The final part of the book presents a series of case studies for road, rail and airport investment schemes, particularly focusing on the economic development aspects.

eBook available with sample pages: 0203220870

This unique guide to urban transportation planning, design and impact estimation brings together the tools needed to translate theoretical planning and design concepts into practical plans. The book illustrates these tools with simplified examples and projects for students to complete. Coverage includes long-term system planning and short-term demand management, providing students and professionals with a basic understanding of transportation problems encountered in actual practice. Transportation Systems and Service Policy is practically oriented, examining different aspects of transportation including the links between the elements of planning and design. For example, it illustrates how policies affecting quality of service, fares, investment levels, and environmental impact interrelate. These links guide the student and professional from "real life" policy requirements to practical solutions and presentation of findings needed for decision making. In addition the book includes examples and illustrations of transportation design projects that depict how transportation service policy may affect the input parameters that shape the physical and operational design of multi-modal, urban transportation systems. The process shown can be done efficiently through the use of analysis formats for estimation by manual means or computer spreadsheets. Transportation Systems and Service Policy will serve as an ideal design textbook for all senior undergraduate and graduate students in civil engineering, who have concentrations in transportation planning, highway engineering, traffic engineering, transportation systems, urban planning, and environmental planning, as well as a useful reference forpractitioners and professors in these fields.

Modern transportation systems have far-reaching, and serious consequences: deaths and injuries from accidents, pollution of air, water and groundwater, noise congestion, and the greenhouse effect. As world transport systems expand and become increasingly motorised, the transportation community is searching for systems that are both efficient and sustainable. Here, leading international researchers explore the issues and concepts and define the state of knowledge concerning the full costs and benefits of transportation.

This proceedings volume consists of papers presented at the Sixth International Workshop on Computer-Aided Scheduling of Public Transpon, which was held at the Fund lio Calouste Gulbenkian in Lisbon from July 6th to 9th, 1993. In the tradition of alternating Workshops between North America and Europe - Chicago (1975), Leeds (1980), Montreal (1983), Hamburg (1987) and again Montreal (1990), the European city of Lisbon was selected as the venue for the Workshop in 1993. As in earlier Workshops, the central theme dealt with vehicle and duty scheduling problems and the employment of operations-research-based software systems for operational planning in public transport. However, as was initiated in Hamburg in 1987, the scope of this Workshop was broadened to include topics in related fields. This fundamental alteration was an inevitable consequence of the growing demand over the last decade for solutions to the complete planning process in public transport through integrated systems. Therefore, the program of this workshop included sections which dealt with scheduling problems and computerized systems for operational planning as well as sections on network planning and data management.

Immer mehr Betriebe dieser Branchen setzen auf Gesundheit. Dabei allerdings nimmt Gesundheit eine faszinierende Vielfalt an und umfasst ebenso Aspekte der Vorbeugung, Gesundheitsforderung, Heilung und Linderung von Krankheit, aber auch Kosmetik, Wellness, Bodystyling und psychische Gesundheit. Das Buch weist ebenso einen makrookonomischen Blickwinkel auf, indem es die internationale Marktentwicklung betrachtet, aber auch der mikrookonomische Aspekt im Sinne des Managements konkreter Betriebe in diesem Markt (Spa) nimmt einen breiten Raum ein."

This text explores a range of strategies, both institutional and individual, which have been developed by academic and support staff, to foster the kind of atmosphere, facilities and attitudes in relation to learning which support systems.

Seit den 1990er Jahren haben thematisierte Freizeit- und Konsumeinrichtungen weltweit einen Boom erlebt - von Themenparks und Themenhotels uber Urban Entertainment Center und Markenerlebniswelten bis hin zu Erlebnis-Zoos. Angesichts ihres Erfolgs dienen diese kommerziellen Themenwelten zunehmend auch als Vorbilder fur offentliche Akteure - z. B. Kultureinrichtungen, Stadte und Tourismusdestinationen. Worauf basiert der Erfolg der thematisierten Erlebnisangebote? Welche Inszenierungstechniken und Marketingmassnahmen kommen zum Einsatz? Wie wird sich der Markt der Themenwelten kunftig entwickeln? Welche Trends zeichnen sich bei der Thematisierung des realen Raumes ab? Antworten auf diese Fragen gibt das aktuelle und umfassende Studienbuch - die erste deutschsprachige Monographie zu diesem Thema."

Provides a unique review of the major spatial aspects of transport systems, a detailed analysis of transport problems in urban and rural areas, an evaluation of social and environmental impacts, and a planning and policy overview. Divided into four parts, each considering a different aspect of transport geography. The first part outlines the basic geography of transport and examines transport and spatial structures, focusing upon the varying contributions made by transport to industrial, agricultural and urban development. Part two moves to consider specific transport systems at both national and international scales, drawing on studies from industrialised and developing nations and discussing the effects upon transport of the political changes in the former USSR and Eastern Europe. The third part examines some of the many problems of transport and urban and rural areas using specific examples to illustrate the contrasting difficulties and evaluate current urban transportation planning methods.

This volume consists of papers presented at the Fifth International Workshop on Computer Aided Scheduling of Public Transport, which was held in Montreal from August 19th to the 23rd, 1990. Since the first Workshop in Chicago in 1975 the field had matured considerably. In 1975, there were no presentations that described systems which had been implemented and used on a regular basis. By 1980, in Leeds, and certainly by 1983, in Montreal, several systems were in regular use. They were based on both heuristics and mathematical programming techniques. In 1990, there were more than one hundred transit companies using computer-aided scheduling tools in their regular operations. The scope of the Workshop was broadened in 1987, in Hamburg, so that topics related to scheduling may be introduced. We find, for example, in this book several papers on the technology related to the collection of data and/or the data bases required for scheduling and planning activities."

Die "Historische Kommission zu Berlin" betreibt die Erforschung der Landesgeschichte und der Historischen Landeskunde Berlin-Brandenburgs bzw. Brandenburg-Preussens in Form von wissenschaftlichen Untersuchungen, Vortragen, Tagungen und Veroeffentlichungen sowie durch Serviceleistungen. Dabei kooperiert die Kommission auch mit anderen Institutionen und begleitet wissenschaftliche und praktische Vorhaben von allgemeinem oeffentlichen Interesse. In der Schriftenreihe werden die Ergebnisse der einzelnen wissenschaftlichen Projekte der Kommission veroeffentlicht.

This 1993 book examines the road haulage trade in England when it depended on horses and wagons, chiefly through the letters and papers of one of the largest firms which operated between the West Country and London in the early nineteenth century. Other documents extend the coverage of the firm's history from the seventeenth century to the mid-nineteenth century, making it possible to examine how road transport changed during the course of two centuries. The Russell letters are all extraordinary and unique survival, showing in detail how the firm managed to convey up to six tons at a time in all weathers, how dominated it was by the capabilities and needs of the horse, how reliable its services were, who it served and how important it was to a variety of users. In sum the book provides a full account of the road haulage industry from the seventeenth century until the coming of the railways.

This collection presents rare documents relating to the development of various forms of communication across Africa by the British, as part of their economic investment in Africa. Railways and waterways are examined.

The book aims at giving the methodological framework for design decision support systems. Several applications are also described in detail, ranging from environment control, production planning, transportation planning. The book is of special interest to operations researchers, environment specialists, production planners, and transportation engineers.

This dictionary is testimony to the dynamic nature of the transportation and logistics field. The field continues to grow and evolve into an increasing myriad of orientations. This work stems back to the middle 1970s with the first edition by Wallace I. Little (1921 - 1977). The second edition in 1982 contained over five hundred additions and nearly sixty major alterations. This tJ:llrd edition contains over three hundred additional entries as well as major ai~erations to over fifty of them. Transportation continues to change into a market driven industry. The user side reflects market- and management-driven emphases that would have been labeled as pure fiction just a decade ago. Some of these changes are: * Deregulation * Purchasing evolving closer to logistics and having greater roles in with traffic * Logistics having close association with production, scheduling, and related areas * Computers and electronic links becoming major parts of the traffic/ transportation/purchasing landscape * Greater international corporate orientations * Need for logistics flexibility regarding pro-action in the face of energy, interest cost, inflation, international competition, and other major environmental forces * Increased roles of non-economic regulations and policies In addition to the changes in the transport-traffic management interface, the shipper side of the world has extended to be linked with such titles and functions as materials, distribution, warehousing, inventory, customer service, order entry, planning, production scheduling, and in many cases purchasing. This dictionary is a document that will continue to grow.

This title was first published in 2003. Suburbanizing the Masses examines how collective forms of transport have contributed to the spatial and social evolution of towns and cities in various countries since the mid nineteenth century. Divided into two sections, the volume develops first the classic tradition on transport and the city, public transport's 'impact' on urban development. The contextualisation of transport is one important factor in the historical debates surrounding urban development. As well as analysing the discourse employed by urban political and business elites in favour of public transport, these contributions show the degree to which practice often fell short of ideals. The second section tackles the professional paradigms of urban transport: the circulation of traffic in cities and the technological modes appropriate to its realization. In particular these contributions explore the paradigms held by professional planners and managers, and the political classes associated with them. From a variety of perspectives Suburbanizing the Masses demonstrates the continuing relevance of socio-historical inquiry on the relationship between public transport and urban development. By differentiating between the many roles of urban transport in the nineteenth century, it confirms that public transport was not directly linked to urban growth, and instead often had only a limited effect on the wider urban structure. Suburbanizing the Masses forces a reassessment of the received historiography that maintains cheap public transport was essential to the spectacular growth of cites in the nineteenth century.

This book seeks to enhance understanding of the impacts of project setup and its implementation environment on project performance by leveraging information from the study of a rich set of European transport infrastructure project cases. It puts forward a system's view of project delivery and aims to serve as a strategic tool for decision makers and practitioners. The proposed approach is not limited to specific stakeholder views. On the contrary, it allows stakeholders to formulate their own strategies based on an holistic set of potential implementation scenarios. Furthermore, by including cases of projects that have been influenced by the recent financial crisis, the book aims to capitalise on experiences and provide guidelines as to the design and implementation of resilient projects delivered both through traditional as well as Public Private Partnership (PPP) models. Finally, the book proposes a new Transport Infrastructure Resilience Indicator and a corresponding project rating system that can be assessed with an eye to the future, ultimately aiming to support the successful delivery of transport infrastructure projects for all stakeholders involved.

For the last seven decades, urban settlement policy worldwide has been increasingly dominated by modernist precepts and by urban decisions made in discipline-specific 'silos'. The urban management consequences have been invariably negative, with increasing sprawl, fragmentation and separation resulting in a wide range of environmental, social and economic problems. This book explores the role of movement in a more integrated approach to urban settlement, and how thinking, policies and actions need to change. South Africa is used as a particularly good case study, since patterns of sprawl, fragmentation and separation have been exacerbated by apartheid, while recent legislation has demanded a reversal of these tendencies.

This set of previously out-of-print titles is an essential reference collection on the topic of transport economics. Providing in-depth analysis on a variety of aspects, including the economics of the airfreight, shipping and rail industries, it also examines the economics of road transport and more focused areas such as containerisation.

Das Buch vermittelt einen Uberblick uber den weltweiten Tourismus und ordnet speziell die Entwicklungen in Europa und in Deutschland darin ein."

Das Standardwerk zur Urlaubs-Animation in dritter Auflage Es ist ebenso ein Zeitdokument des modernen Tourismus, wie eine Handlungsanweisung zum animativen Urlaub fur Tourismusunternehmen, Studierende der Touristikstudiengange, Gastebetreuer und Urlauber. Aus dem Inhalt: Einleitung. Grundlagen der Animation. Urlaubserwartungen und Urlaubsaktivitaten. Inhaltliche Bereiche der Animation im Urlaub. Die Person - der Animateur, die Animateurin. Grundlagen und Prinzipien der Animation. Systembeschreibungen - Beispiele realisierter Animation."