This book is concerned with one of the major areas of misdiagnosis in medicine today. It has been estimated that as many as thirty percent of children typed as 'epileptic' when presenting with loss of consciousness, falls or other paroxysmal episodes have, in fact, non-epileptic attacks. Yet becauseof the stigma attached to this label, and the frequent side effects of anti-epileptic drugs, it is important that the alternative etiological mechanisms be recognized. The most common of these conditions, the vagalmediated anoxic seizure or fainting fit, is so frequent that it will be encountered by anyone involved in the practice of clinical medicine in its widest sense. These seizures are discussed in depth using original data and extensively reviewing the literature. Many other less common, but nonetheless important, varieties of fits, faints and 'funny turns' are self-induced by a Valsalva maneuver, and motor events ranging from day-dreaming to the effects of suffocation and brain swelling. As Jean Aicardi writes in his foreword to this volume: 'Over 140 case histories ... bring the flavor of real life into an exhaustive, yet highly readable account ... This monograph is undoubtedly the most comprehensive source of information available about the various types of anoxic attacks, their clinical and EEG features, mechanisms and prognosis ... This is a delightful book that anyone involved in clinical medicine in general and child neurology in particular will enjoy reading.'

This book offers a comprehensive and readable account of theoretical aspects of the origins of normal development of handedness and its relationship to cerebral lateralization and intellectual function. Later chapters review the evidence for links between non-right-handedness and various developmental disorders: mental impairment, autism, epilepsy, and disorders of spoken and written langauge. The emphasis is on understanding the range of underlying mechanisms that might lead to associations between handedness and disorder, and on identifying assessment procedures that can distinguish between different explanations.

This issue of Infectious Disease Clinics of North America, Guest Edited by Mary Anne Jackson, MD and Angela Myers, MD, is Part II of a 2-part issue devoted to Pediatric Infectious Diseases. Drs. Jackson and Myers have assembled a group of expert authors to review the following topics: Measles 50 Years After Initiation of MMR Vaccine; Pertussis in the Era of New Strains; Promoting Vaccine Confidence; The Changing Epidemiology of Meningococcal Infection; Prevention of Influenza in Children; Rabies - Rare Human Infection, Common Questions; The Expanded Impact of Human Papillomavirus Vaccine; The Challenge of Global Poliomyelitis Eradication; The Eradication of Pediatric Rotavirus Infection; Approach to Immunization for the Traveling Child; and Status of Pneumococcal Infection in the US in the conjugate vaccine era.

This issue of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Clinics of North America focuses on Pediatric Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology. Articles will include: Benign soft tissue pathology, Malignant head and neck pathology, Odontogenic cysts of the jaws, Non-odontogenic cysts of the jaws, Odontogenic tumors of the jaws, Non-odontogenic tumors of the jaws, Benign salivary gland pathology, Malignant salivary gland pathology, Vascular malformations and treatment, Vascular tumors of the head and neck, Radiotherapy to the head and neck and the growing patient, Chemotherapy for tumors of the head and neck in the growing patient, and more!

This issue of Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America is devoted to Reproductive Endocrinology. Guest Editors Peter Lee, MD and Christopher P. Houk, MD have assembled a group of expert authors to review the following topics: Fertility Among Females and Males with Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (21-Hydroxylase Deficiency); Reproductive Issues for Turner Syndrome; Fertility and Reproduction Among Childhood Cancer Survivors; Fertility After Crypotochidism; Male Obesity and Fertility; Fertility Issues among Transgender Individuals; Fertility Preservation in Pediatrics; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS); Fertility Issues for Patients With Delayed Puberty (Constitutional Delay, Functional Delay, and Hypogonadotropism); Varicocele; Testis Development and Reproduction in Klinefelters Syndrome; and Fertility Issues Among Those With Disorders of Sex Development.

Year Book of Pediatrics brings you abstracts of the articles that reported the year's breakthrough developments in pediatrics, carefully selected from more than 500 journals worldwide. Expert commentaries evaluate the clinical importance of each article and discuss its application to your practice. Articles are selected to cover the full breadth of the specialty, from gastroenterology, hematology, adolescent medicine, allergy and immunology, to urology, neurology, and therapeutics and toxicology.

Pediatricians in the Unites States and around the World continue to face a myriad of global health threats affecting child and adolescent health including: 1) infectious diseases of poverty [e.g. human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), tuberculosis, malaria, and neglected tropical diseases] in low-and middle-income countries (LMIC), especially in sub Saharan Africa; 2) emerging and reemerging infectious diseases (such as Ebola); 3) rise of non-communicable diseases (e.g. common mental disorders); 4) unintentional injuries; and 5) environmental health hazards (e.g. climate change). Despite the promising news about rapid declines in maternal and child mortality in the era of Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), which originated from the United Nation (UN) Millennium Declaration in 2000, only 20% and 7% of LMIC are currently on track to attain the maternal and child mortality targets. For example, 44% of deaths in children younger than 5 years occur in neonates. Besides discovery of life-saving interventions (e.g. development of new and improved vaccines) for maternal and child health, we also need to do a better job at bridging the knowledge-implementation gap and increase the effectiveness of proven interventions. For example, despite the availability of effective vaccines to prevent pneumococcal pneumonia, rotavirus gastroenteritis, and human papilloma virus-related diseases (e.g. cervical cancer), use of these vaccines remain suboptimal in LMIC. We need to recognize that global health is also local public health. For example, improving access, equity and quality of care for orphans and vulnerable children, immigrant and newly arrived refugee children in the U.S. remains a challenge. Timely access to psychiatric care for children and adolescents with mental illness is a major concern. The explosion of new age technology (such as the internet) also poses a considerable risk to children and adolescents. Pediatricians also need to be aware of diverse socio-cultural determinants of health and ethical issues in global health service and delivery. This issue of Pediatric Clinics of North America aims to address the above crucial global health challenges affecting children and adolescents. As practicing pediatricians, we have the unique opportunity to influence local and global public health. In the post-MDG era (beyond 2015), collaborative partnerships between various disciplines and across research, education and service is vital to reduce health inequities in children worldwide.

Over a short few decades, the field of pediatric endoscopy has matured from the exploratory to the routine. Performance of endoscopic procedures in children is now a fundamental aspect of the practice of more than 2000 pediatric gastroenterologists in North America, and endoscopic instruments are increasingly being developed with an eye to their pediatric applications. Ensuring safe and effective endoscopy in children requires specific medical knowledge and technical competency, in addition to appropriately designed equipment and settings. Obtaining consent from parents, as well as assent from patients, for the purposes of performing diagnostic and therapeutic gastrointestinal procedures begins with a deep understanding of risks and benefits that endoscopy affords and is typically gained through formal training in the field. Diagnostic endoscopy may help to confirm common pediatric conditions including eosinophilic esophagitis and inflammatory bowel disease, while therapeutic procedures to treat strictures in the GI tract may help children avoid more invasive surgeries. Using endoscopy in children to achieve hemostasis or to remove commonly swallowed foreign bodies, such as lithium batteries or high-powered magnets, can be lifesaving, and the insertion of feeding tubes can help medically complex patients to thrive. In short, pediatric endoscopy is an integral component of healthcare for children, and gaining and understanding of its best practices may help all clinicians to better recognize its role in pediatric disease outcomes.

A variety of topics are presented to pediatricians with the focus on preventing disease or illness in children. The Guest Editors have assembled top experts in the field to present articles on youth tobacco cessation; violence prevention; childhood obestiy; asthma management and environmental triggers; oral healh assessments; and promotion of literacy. Other articles address policy or practice considerations including implications of the affordable health care act; social determinants of health; and childhood poverty and health.

Advances in Pediatrics reviews the most current practices in pediatrics. A distinguished editorial board, headed by Dr.Michael Kappy, identifies key areas of major progress and controversy and invites expert pediatricians to contribute original articles devoted to these topics. These insightful overviews bring concepts to a clinical level and explore their everyday impact on patient care. Topics such as fetal diagnosis and surgical intervention, updates in pharmacology, and fatty liver disease are represented, highlighting the most current and relevant information in the field.

Dr. Gupta provides a comprehensive overview of the clinjical management of food allergy. Articles are devoted to epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, management, immunology, and treatments of food allergy. Current knowledge of the relationship between the gut microbiome and food allergy is also presented as well as eosiniphilic esophagitis and oral allergy synrome.

Childhood obesity has become a central concern in many countries and a range of policies have been proposed or implemented to address it. This co-authored book is the first to focus on the complex set of ethical and policy issues that childhood obesity raises. Throughout the book, authors Kristin Voigt, Stuart G. Nicholls, and Garrath Williams emphasize that childhood obesity is a multi-faceted phenomenon, and just one of many issues that parents, schools and societies face. They argue that it is important to acknowledge the resulting complexities and not to think in terms "single-issue" policies. After first reviewing some of the factual uncertainties about childhood obesity, the authors explore central ethical questions. What priority should be given to preventing obesity? To what extent are parents responsible? How should we think about questions of stigma and inequality? In the second part of the book, the authors consider key policy issues, including the concept of the aobesogenic environment,a debates about taxation and marketing, and the role that schools can play in obesity prevention. The authors argue that political debate is needed to decide the importance given to childhood obesity and how to divide responsibilities for action. These debates have no simple answers. Nonetheless, the authors argue that there are reasons for hope. There are a wide range of opportunities for action. Many of these options also promise wider social benefits. "This book provides a welcome re-appraisal of commonly-held beliefs about child obesity and misconceptions about what needs to be done. The authors expose the futility of holding parents responsible for children's unhealthy behaviour, they challenge the assumption that education and family support will solve the problem, and they condemn the prejudice and stigma which surround the narrative of blame. The book shows convincingly how the causes of obesity - and the range of associated diseases - lie in the fabric of the modern market economy: in the food supply which shapes our diets, the social and physical environment which encourages sedentary behaviour, and in the media which promote ever greater consumption. Obesity is not the problem: it is the symptom of a more complex social and economic malaise encouraging poor health. The case for interventions by governments to promote health and wellbeing above crude economic growth is comprehensively proven." - Dr. Tim Lobstein, Director of Policy and Programmes, The International Association for the Study of Obesity and The International Obesity Task Force A well-researched, highly critical, but carefully balanced examination of everyday assumptions about childhood obesity and its prevention from an intensely moral perspective. Although the authors demonstrate that no intervention is without ethical complications or effective entirely on its own, they call for immediate actions to reduce the stigma of childhood obesity, support parents, and create food environments healthier for children, adults, and the environment.- Marion Nestle, Paulette Goddard Professor of Nutrition, Food Studies, and Public Health, NYU Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development

This essential reference book is must reading for mental health professionals who assess and treat children and adolescents. Comprehensive, detailed, clearly written, and innovative, it presents the approaches of the leading clinicians in their fields.

This issue of Infectious Disease Clinics of North America, Guest Edited by Mary Anne Jackson, MD and Angela Myers, MD, is Part I of a 2-part issue devoted to Pediatric Infectious Diseases. Drs. Jackson and Myers have assembled a group of expert authors to review the following topics: Diagnosis and Management of Kawasaki Disease; Neonatal HSV Infection; Use of Newer Diagnostics for Pediatric Tuberculosis; Recognition and Prompt Treatment for Tick Borne Infections; Prevention of Recurrent Staphylococcal Skin Infections; Evaluation and Management of the Febrile Young Infant; New Horizons for Pediatric Antimicrobial Stewardship; Pitfalls in Diagnosis of Pediatric Clostridium Difficile Diarrhea; The Changing Epidemiology of Pediatric Endocarditis; Neonatal Parechovirus Infection; Osteoarticular infections in Children; and Pediatric CMV Disease.

Why should today's parents read yet another pediatric advice book? What's changed about babies in the last 30 years? Nothing. What's changed about parents? Plenty. Today both work. Grandparents retire to the sunbelt and aren't around to help. And that terrific neighbor who pitched in when you grew up is hard to find today.

Dan Heller, a celebrated Boston pediatrician, saw parents becoming significantly more anxious and less confident about their child- rearing skills. He poo-pooed today's medical system that eschews common sense and favors dependence on pediatricians, pediatric specialists and consultants. He wanted parents to relax and enjoy bringing up children, to understand that most childhood issues are within the realm of normal.

He called himself "Crazy Dr. Heller" and this book is his legacy-- very sane advice that can make a difference in your parenting. Daniel G. Heller, MD practiced pediatrics for 28 years before his death in November, 2004. He graduated from Columbia College and New York University Medical Center and completed residency at Massachusetts General Hospital for Children. Board certified in pediatrics and pediatric nephrology, he was an assistant clinical professor at Harvard Medical School and loved teaching medical students, residents and parents. Nancy S. Heller, MSW, JD is a pediatric practice administrator in Brookline, Massachusetts where she served on the School Committee for several years. Her legal and social work concentrated on children's issues, like foster care, adoption, child abuse. Her three children are grown, and she has one grandson, named for his late grandfather.

This publication in Child & Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics is led by two renown psychiatric physicians specializing in Disaster Psychiatry, Trauma, and International Psychiatry for children and adolescents: Dr. Paramjit Joshi and Dr. Lisa Cullins. The audience for this clinically focused resource includes: Child & Adolescent Psychiatrists -Clinical physicians or research PhDs; Mental Health Nurse Practitioners and all Nurses; International Aid Organizations; Religious Counselors; and Psychology Counselors. Each Author in this publication is recognized expert in their own right, who cover topics such as: Bullying: A Global Approach to Prevention; Challenges in Providing Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Services in Low Resource Countries; Child Soldiers; Wealth, Health and the Moderating Role of Implicit Social Class Bias from a Global Perspective; Developing Mental Health Services for child and adolescent psychiatrists after an Earthquake; . Nuclear Disasters; Children Displaced by War: Impact on the Psychological Well-being; Global Perspectives on Teaching and Learning about child and adolescent psychiatry; Partnering and Collaborating for the Word's Children.

The Guest Editors have compiled a comprehensive issue that includes both disorders of endocrinology as well as diabetes. Authors have addressed the following clinical topics: disorders of menstruation, thyroid function; gender dysphoria; hypoglycemia in the nondiabetic child; preventing DKA; short- and long-term outcomes in diabetes, and whole genome sequencing in endocrinology. These topics represent the current knowedge in the field, and pediatricians will have the most updated clinical information as they evaluate and treat children with diabetes or endocrinology disorders.

Neurodevelopmental diseases affect three percent of children and the specific cause is difficult to determine in many cases. Genetic research uncovered many loss or gain of function mutations in genes that are associated with synaptic development and or remodeling. However, more an more data are accumulating regarding the importance in gene regulations in neurodevelopmental diseases. Thjis issue addresses many aspects of the genomics of neurodevelopmental diseases, including articles devoted to genomic variations of brain malformations; neuroimaging of brain development; update on autism evaluation and genetics; prader-willi and angelman syndromes; tuberous sclerosis complex; genetics of pediatric epilepsy; pediatric leukodystrophies; autoimmune encephalopathies; inherited neuropathies and motor neuron diseases; and muscular dystrophies and congenital myopathies.

This issue of Primary Care: Clinics in Office Practice, edited by Dr. Elizabeth K. McClain, is devoted to Primary Care for School-Aged Children. Articles in this issue include: Concussion and Trauma in Young Athletes; Addressing Obesity with Pediatric Patients and their Families in a Primary Care Office; HPV Vaccine Update; Parental Health Literacy and its Impact on Patient Care; Autism/ Pervasive Developmental Disorder; Challenges in Treating ADHD in Adolescents; Pediatric Oncology; Sudden Cardiac Death in Adolescents; Childhood Asthma; Update on Pediatric Urinary Tract Infections; Hypertension in Children; and Food and Environmental Allergies.

This issue of Facial Plastic Surgery Clinics addresses the major surgical procedures in pediatric facial reconstruction that deal with congenital disorders and defects as well as trauma and tumors. Audience for this issue are Otolaryngologists who perform pediatric facial plastic surgery, facial plastic surgeons and those subspecialized in pediatric reconstruction, plastic reconstructive surgeons, and oral and maxillofacial surgeons who specialize in reconstruction of the oral area. Topics include Facial nerve rehabilitation; Septorhinoplasty; Vascular lesions; Craniofacial anomalies; Free tissue transfer; Craniomaxillofacial trauma; Cleft lip and palate; Surgical speech disorders; Otoplasty; Microtia; Soft tissu trauma and scar revision; Distraction osteogenesis.

Urologists were early adaptors of robotic assisted laparoscopy, and pediatric urology similarly led in incorporating the technology into the surgical armamentarium for treating even the smallest infants. And it is in that tradition that this issue of Urologic Clinics of North America surveys the journey from the earliest pure laparoscopic procedures to the most advanced reconstruction possible today due to evolutions in technology. The issue begins with the procedure that arguably popularized the laparoscopic approach in pediatric urology-the laparoscopic orchiopexy, then posit the continued relevance of pure laparoscopy in the robotic era, before finally surveying contemporary advances in robotic-assisted pediatric urologic surgery. The issue is of relevance not only tor the novice contemplating a transition to laparoscopy or robotics but also for the seasoned minimally invasive surgeon seeking to enhance skills and augment his or her practice.

In this issue of Child & Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics, consulting editor Dr. Harsh Trivedi has selected topics that continually are at the forefront for child and adolescent psychiatrists.Among the top topics are: Children's Exposure to Violent Video Games and Desensitization to Violence; Neurobiology of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder; Psychosocial Interventions in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder; 5. Social Skills Training for Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorders; 6. Complementary and Alternative Medicine Treatments for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders; and Adolescent Eating Disorders: Definitions, Symptomatology, Epidemiology and Comorbidity. Authors renown in the psychiatric field and the pediatric field provide the physician clinical outcomes and therapeutic management of these disorders.

This encompassing volume gathers contributions by renowned experts in the field of pediatric urology to offer a systematic and complete review of the field. The book opens with a general section covering the basis of renal function from the fetus to adulthood, diagnostic imaging, anesthesia and infections. In subsequent sections on the kidneys, upper urinary tract, bladder, urethra and genitalia, specific anomalies are described in depth, from embryological, clinical and diagnostic aspects through to surgical treatment options. Detailed attention is devoted to the role of new technologies such as endoscopic and robotic surgery, but without disregarding the classical principles of pediatric urologic surgery. Urogenital tumors are fully covered and the book closes with a large chapter on renal transplantation. Numerous black and white and color illustrations will assist the reader in better understanding the various anomalies and the surgical procedures.