Ever since the beginning of mankind's efforts to pursue scientific inquiry into the laws of nature, visualization of the very distant and the very small has been paramount. The examples are numerous. A century ago, the atom appeared mysterious, a "raisin or plum pie of no structure," until it was visualized on the appropriate length and time scales. Similarly, with telescopic observations, a central dogma of the cosmos was changed and complexity yielded to simplicity of the heliocentric structure and motion in our solar system.For matter, in over a century of developments, major advances have been made to explore the inner microscopic structures and dynamics. These advances have benefited many fields of endeavor, but visualization was incomplete; it was limited either to the 3D spatial structure or to the 1D temporal evolution. However, in systems with myriads of atoms, 4D spatiotemporal visualization is essential for dissecting their complexity. The biological world is rich with examples, and many molecular diseases cannot be fully understood without such direct visualization, as, for example, in the case of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's. The same is true for phenomena in materials science, chemistry, and nanoscience.This anthology is an account of the collected works that have emerged over the past decade from Caltech. Through recent publications, the volume provides overviews of the principles, the electron-based techniques, and the applications made. Thanks to advances in imaging principles and technology, it is now possible with 4D electron microscopy to reach ten orders of magnitude improvement in time resolution while simultaneously conserving the atomic spatial resolution in visualization. This is certainly a long way from Robert Hooke's microscopy, which was recorded in his 1665 masterpiece Micrographia.

Focusing on the state of the art of electrode process chemistry, the contributors discuss a wide range of applications and provide coverage of advances in quantum mechanical theory of electron transfer and the mechanism of electrical passage through nerves and batteries for motor vehicles. Annotatio

"Carbon Dioxide Utilization: Closing the Carbon Cycle" explores areas of application such as conversion to fuels, mineralization, conversion to polymers, and artificial photosynthesis while assessing the potential industrial suitability of the various processes. After an introduction to the thermodynamics, basic reactions, and physical chemistry of carbon dioxide, the book proceeds to examine current commercial and industrial processes, and the potential for carbon dioxide as a green and sustainable resource.

While carbon dioxide is generally portrayed as a "bad" gas, a waste product, and a major contributor to global warming, a new branch of science is developing to convert this "bad" gas into useful products. This book explores the science behind converting CO2 into fuels for our cars and planes, plastics and foams to be used in our homes and cars, pharmaceuticals, building materials, and many more useful products.

Carbon dioxide utilization is a rapidly expanding area of research, which holds a potential key to sustainable, petrochemical-free chemical production and energy integration.
Accessible and balanced between chemistry, engineering, and industrial applicationsInformed by blue-sky thinking and realistic possibilities for future technology and applicationsEncompasses supply chain sustainability and economics, processes, and energy integration

In the design, processing, and applications of composite materials, a thorough understanding of the physical properties is required. It is important to be able to predict the variations of these properties with the kind, shape, and concentration of filler materials. The currently available books on composite materials often emphasize mechanical properties and focus on classification, applications, and manufacturing. This limited coverage neglects areas that are important to new and emerging applications. For the first time in a single source, this volume provides a systematic, comprehensive, and up-to-date exploration of the electromagnetic (electrical, dielectric, and magnetic), mechanical, thermal, and mass-transport properties of composite materials. The author begins with a brief discussion of the relevance of these properties for designing new materials to meet specific practical requirements. The book is then organized into five parts examining: The electromagnetic properties of composite materials subjected to time-invariant electric and magnetic fields The dynamic electromagnetic properties of composite materials subjected to time-varying electric and magnetic fields The mechanical elastic and viscoelastic properties of composites Heat transfer in composites and thermal properties (thermal conductivity, thermal diffusivity, coefficient of thermal expansion, and thermal emissivity) Mass transfer in composite membranes and composite materials Throughout the book, the analogy between various properties is emphasized. Electromagnetic, Mechanical, and Transport Properties of Composite Materials provides both an introduction to the subject for newcomers and sufficient in-depth coverage for those involved in research. Scientists, engineers, and students from a broad range of fields will find this book a comprehensive source of information.

Recent developments in nanoparticle and microparticle delivery systems are revolutionizing delivery systems in the food industry. These developments have the potential to solve many of the technical challenges involved in creating encapsulation, protection, and delivery of active ingredients, such as colors, flavors, preservatives, vitamins, minerals, and nutraceuticals. Nanoparticle- and Microparticle-based Delivery Systems: Encapsulation, Protection and Release of Active Compounds explores various types of colloidal delivery systems available for encapsulating active ingredients, highlighting their relative advantages and limitations and their use. Written by an international authority known for his clear and rigorous technical writing style, this book discusses the numerous kinds of active ingredients available and the issues associated with their encapsulation, protection, and delivery. The author takes a traditional colloid science approach and emphasizes the practical aspects of formulation of particulate- and emulsion-based delivery systems with food applications. He then covers the physicochemical and mechanical methods available for manufacturing colloidal particles, highlighting the importance of designing particles for specific applications. The book includes chapters devoted specifically to the three major types of colloidal delivery systems available for encapsulating active ingredients in the food industry: surfactant-based, emulsion-based, and biopolymer-based. It then reviews the analytical tools available for characterizing the properties of colloidal delivery systems, presents the mathematical models for describing their properties, and highlights the factors to consider when selecting an appropriate delivery system for a particular application backed up by specific case studies. Based on insight from the author's own experience, the book describes why delivery systems are needed, the important factors to consider when designing them, methods of characterizing them, and specific examples of the range of food-grade delivery systems available. It gives you the necessary knowledge, understanding, and appreciation of developments within the current research literature in this rapidly growing field and the confidence to perform reliable experimental investigations according to modern international standards.

Written for students taking either the University of Cambridge Advanced Level examinations or the International Baccalaureate examinations, this guidebook covers essential topics and concepts under both stipulated chemistry syllabi. The book is written in such a way as to guide the reader through the understanding and applications of essential chemical concepts using the problem solving approach. The authors have also retained the popular discourse feature from their previous two books - Understanding Advanced Physical Inorganic Chemistry and Understanding Advanced Organic and Analytical Chemistry - to help learners better understand and see for themselves how the concepts should be applied to solve problems. Based on the Socratic Method, questions are implanted throughout the book to help facilitate the reader's development in forming logical conclusions of concepts and the way they are being applied to explain the problems. In addition, the authors have also included important summaries and concept maps to help learners recall, remember, reinforce and apply the fundamental chemical concepts in a simple way.

Based on the premise that many, if not most, reactions in organic chemistry can be explained by variations of fundamental acid-base concepts, Organic Chemistry: An Acid-Base Approach provides a framework for understanding the subject that goes beyond mere memorization. Using several techniques to develop a relational understanding, it helps students fully grasp the essential concepts at the root of organic chemistry. This new edition was rewritten largely with the feedback of students in mind and is also based on the author's classroom experiences using the previous editions. Highlights of the Third Edition Include: Extensively revised chapters that improve the presentation of material. Features the contributions of more than 65 scientists, highlighting the diversity in organic chemistry. Features the current work of over 30 organic chemists, highlighting the diversity in organic chemistry. Many new reactions are featured that are important in modern organic chemistry. Video lectures are provided in a .mov format, accessible online as a 'built-in' ancillary for the book. The homework is available online, gratis to all users. The third edition of Organic Chemistry: An Acid-Base Approach constitutes a significant improvement upon a unique introductory technique to organic chemistry. The reactions and mechanisms it covers are the most fundamental concepts in organic chemistry that are applied to industry, biological chemistry, biochemistry, molecular biology, and pharmacy. Using an illustrated conceptual approach rather than presenting sets of principles and theories to memorize, it gives students a more concrete understanding of the material.

Nanoparticles are attractive for many biomedical applications such as imaging, therapeutics and diagnostics. This new book looks at different soft nanoparticles and their current and potential uses in medicine and health including magnetoliposomes, micro/nanogels, polymeric micelles, DNA particles, dendrimers and bicelles. Each chapter provides a description of the synthesis of the particles and focus on the techniques used to characterize the size, shape, surface charge, internal structure, and surface microstructure of the nanoparticles together with modeling and simulation methods. By giving a strong physical-chemical approach to the topic, readers will gain a good background into the subject and an overview of recent developments. The multidisciplinary point of view makes the book suitable for postgraduate students and researchers in physics, chemistry, and biology interested in soft matter and its uses.

Many new methods directed to organic and inorganic syntheses of useful intermediates are being developed to specifically address green and sustainable chemistry principles. Highlighting the importance of green metrics, the Green Syntheses series focuses on how to reliably substantiate and validate the level of "greenness" of chemical processes, providing practical synthetic methodologies and metrics for a rigorous proof of "greenness." In Green Syntheses, Volume 1, the first book of its kind, the editors determine appropriate material efficiency green metrics and use them to compare syntheses provided by the chapter authors with those previously published. Presenting a new concept in green chemistry, this book demonstrates what future publications might look like if green principles are followed and also incorporate the important ethical aspect of supplying rigorous procedures in laboratory practice and evidence of greenness of a given synthesis protocol using metrics analysis. This inaugural volume initiates the much-needed transition from stating the 12 guiding principles on the philosophy of green chemistry to the actualization and verification of it. The book addresses primarily the issue of material efficiency metrics, which measure the amount of waste produced relative to desired product. In each contributed example, full experimental details are given showing all quantities of materials used in the procedure. Authors discuss the green merits of their protocols in conjunction with the results of a thorough metrics analysis, allowing for in-depth discussion of insights about synthesis strategy and performance characteristics of the new and prior cited plans.

This volume provides a comprehensive introduction to the theory of electronic motion in molecular processes - an increasingly relevant and rapidly expanding segment of molecular quantum dynamics. Emphasis is placed on describing and interpreting transitions between electronic states in molecules as they occur typically in cases of reactive scattering between molecules, photoexcitation or nonadiabatic coupling between electronic and nuclear degrees of freedom.Electron Dynamics in Molecular Interactions aims at a synoptic presentation of some very recent theoretical efforts to solve the electronic problem in quantum molecular dynamics, contrasting them with more traditional schemes. The presented models are derived from their roots in basic quantum theory, their interrelations are discussed, and their characteristic applications to concrete chemical systems are outlined. This volume also includes an assessment of the present status of electron dynamics and a report on novel developments to meet the current challenges in the field.Further, this monograph responds to a need for a systematic comparative treatise on nonadiabatic theories of quantum molecular dynamics, which are of considerably higher complexity than the more traditional adiabatic approaches and are steadily gaining in importance. This volume addresses a broad readership ranging from physics or chemistry graduate students to specialists in the field of theoretical quantum dynamics.

Written for students taking either the University of Cambridge Advanced Level examinations or the International Baccalaureate examinations, this guidebook covers essential topics and concepts under both stipulated chemistry syllabi. The book is written in such a way as to guide the reader through the understanding and applications of essential chemical concepts using the problem solving approach. The authors have also retained the popular discourse feature from their previous two books - Understanding Advanced Physical Inorganic Chemistry and Understanding Advanced Organic and Analytical Chemistry - to help learners better understand and see for themselves how the concepts should be applied to solve problems. Based on the Socratic Method, questions are implanted throughout the book to help facilitate the reader's development in forming logical conclusions of concepts and the way they are being applied to explain the problems. In addition, the authors have also included important summaries and concept maps to help learners recall, remember, reinforce and apply the fundamental chemical concepts in a simple way.

Ever since the discovery of the photoelectric effect, researchers have been trying to improve the efficiency of converting sunlight into electricity through photovoltaic devices. Photosynthetic organisms provide clues for harvesting sunlight and storing the energy in chemical forms. This book offers a concise overview of the fundamental concepts of photosynthesis and the emerging photovoltaic technologies, casting light on the symbiotic relation between these spheres of science. Although there are many books about the fundamentals of photosynthesis and the various aspects of the photosynthetic processes, this is the first volume to focus on the prospects of studying the photosynthetic proteins, understanding and applying their properties to design prospective solar energy conversion devices that are sustainable and efficient. All in all, the book aims to bring together the present know-how on organic photovoltaics and dye-sensitized solar cells with that of the emerging bio-photovoltaics and the underlying physics of photosynthesis to foster a more eclectic research that would converge towards a sustainable energy technology for the future. The book mainly serves as a bridge to connect biochemists, who study photosynthetic proteins, and physicists and engineers who design and develop photovoltaic devices. Scientists, engineers and students in the fields of photosynthetic research and solar energy research can use this book as a ready reference. Key selling features: Covers both methods and bio-based materials needed to build bio-based photovoltaics Focuses on both techniques and applications Summarizes the advantages and limitations of various techniques Contributors from multiple disciplines integrate the knowledge of photosynthetic proteins and the physics/engineering of photovoltaic devices. Includes adaptive designs and techniques used in other types of solar cells to for the design of protein-based PVs

This volume is part of a continuing series that provides authoritative reviews on recent developments and applications of well-established techniques in the field of electroanalytical chemistry. Each volume provides the necessary background and starting point for graduate students undertaking related research projects and is of special interest to practicing analytical chemists concerned with electroanalytical techniques. Volume 27 continues this tradition with innovative contributions from internationally respected scientists who highlight new technologies and trends in Protein Biosensing, Bipolar Electrochemistry, and X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy in Electrochemistry.

A Zahigkeitscharakterisierung mit Hilfe bruchmechanischer Konzepte.- A 1 Stand und Entwicklungstendenzen.- Neue Entwicklungen bei der bruchmechanischen Zahigkeitsbewertung von Kunststoffen und Verbunden.- JTJ-Konzept und dissipative Energien am Riss.- A 2 Experimentelle Methoden.- Bruchmechanische Messmethoden fur Polymere.- Einfluss von Prufkoerpergeometrie und Beanspruchungsbedingungen auf das Risswiderstandsverhalten von PVC und PP.- Prozedur zur Ermittlung des Risswiderstandsverhaltens mit dem instrumentierten Kerbschlagbiegeversuch.- Experimentelle Methoden zur Charakterisierung des Bruchverhaltens von HDPE-Rohren.- Die mechanische Charakterisierung von Polymeren und verstarkten Polymeren - Experimentelle Probleme und theoretische Hintergrunde.- A 3 Alternative Methoden.- Approximative Methoden zur Beschreibung des Risswiderstandsverhaltens im instrumentierten Kerbschlagbiegeversuch.- Anwendung der Normalisierungsmethode zur Ermittlung von Risswiderstandskurven an amorphen PVC-Werkstoffen.- Berechnung von J-R-Kurven aus Kraft-Durchbiegungs-Diagrammen auf Basis des Gelenkprutkoerpers.- J-TJ- und ?-T?-Stabilitatsdiagramme als Grundlage einer alternativen Methode zur Ermittlung von Instabilitatswerten aus Risswiderstandskurven.- B Morphologie-Eigenschafts-Korrelationen.- B 1 Homopolymerisate.- UEbermolekulare Struktur und mechanische Eigenschaften von isotaktischem Polypropylen.- Bruchverhalten und Morphologie von HDPE-Werkstoffen.- Zahigkeits- und Relaxationsverhalten von PMMA, PS und PC.- Crazing in amorphen Polymeren - Entstehung und Wachstum fibrillarer Crazes in der Nahe der Glasubergangstemperatur.- Einfluss der Temperatur und der Feuchtigkeit auf das Zahigkeitsverhalten von Polyamid.- B 2 Blends.- Zusammenhang zwischen Bruchverhalten und Morphologie von PE/PP-Blends.- Einfluss von Modifikatorkonzentration und Pruftemperatur auf das Zahigkeitsverhalten von modifizierten Polyamiden.- Morphologie und Zahigkeit von PP/EPR-Blends.- B 3 Copolymerisate.- Anwendung bruchmechanischer Werkstoffkenngroessen zur Optimierung des Zahigkeitsverhaltens von polymeren Mehrphasensystemen mit PP-Matrix.- Bruchmechanische Zahigkeitsbewertung des Rissinitiierungs-und Rissausbreitungsverhaltens von Ethylen-Propylen-Random-Copolymerisaten.- Risszahigkeitsverhalten von ABS-Werkstoffen.- ABS - Sproedbruch-Untersuchungen der Morphologie-Versagens-Beziehung.- C Hybride Methoden der Kunststoffprufung und Kunststoffdiagnostik.- Neue Moeglichkeiten der zerstoerungsfreien Charakterisierung von Polymeren.- Ermittlung des lokalen Deformationsverhaltens von Kunststoffen mittels Laserextensometrie.- D Technologische Prufverfahren.- Einsatzgrenzen von Kunststoffen und deren Verbunden unter Reibungs- und Verschleissbedingungen.- Modifizierung von Polymerwerkstoffen mit amorphem Kohlenstoff zur Optimierung des Reibungsverhaltens.- Mechanisches Schwingungsverhalten einer CFK-Verdichterschaufel.- E Biokompatible Werkstoffe und medizinische Implantate.- Polymere Werkstoffe in der orthopadischen Gelenkchirurgie.- Werkstoffparameter von funktionellen Prothesen im HNO-Bereich bei fortschreitender Degradation.- Mikrobielle Korrosion von pharyngo-trachealen Shuntventilen.- Werkstoff-und Deformationsverhalten von Stimmprothesen - Sensibilitat mechanischer Prufverfahren.- F Spezielle Werkstoffe.- Rissinitiierung, Verschleiss und molekulare Struktur von gefullten Vulkanisaten.- Charakterisierung des Deformationsverhaltens von modifiziertem Polymerbeton.- G Einsatz-und Anwendungsgrenzen.- Der Einfluss des biaxialen Spannungszustandes auf die Werkstoffkennwertfunktionen nichtlinear-viskoelastischer Werkstoffe.- Mediale Bestandigkeit von PP/GF-Verbunden.- Einfluss der medialen Auslagerung auf das Impactverhalten glasfaserverstarkter Kunststoffe.- Physikalische Alterung von Polypropylen.- Autorenindex.

Atomic and molecular beams are employed in physics and chemistry experiments and, to a lesser extent, in the biological sciences. These beams enable atoms to be studied under collision-free conditions and allow the study of their interaction with other atoms, charged particles, radiation, and surfaces. Atomic and Molecular Beams: Production and Collimation explores the latest techniques for producing a beam from any substance as well as from the dissociation of hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and the halogens. The book not only provides the basic expressions essential to beam design but also offers in-depth coverage of: Design of ovens and furnaces for atomic beam production Creation of atomic beams that require higher evaporation temperatures Theory of beam formation including the Clausing equation and the transmission probability Construction of collimating arrays in metals, plastics, glass, and other materials Optimization of the design of atomic beam collimators While many review articles and books discuss the application of atomic beams, few give technical details of their production. Focusing on practical application in the laboratory, the author critically reviews over 800 references to compare the atomic and molecular beam formation theories with actual experiments. Atomic and Molecular Beams: Production and Collimation is a comprehensive source of material for experimentalists facing the design of any atomic or molecular beam and theoreticians wishing to extend the theory.

Die einzige fortlaufende Reihe, die sich ausschliesslich den Highlights auf dem Gebiet der chemischen Physik widmet! Der Herausgeber, Nobelpreistrager, I. Prigogine, garantiert fur die ausserordentliche Qualitat der wissenschaftlichen Beitrage. (11/00)

This book, Chemistry and Industrial Techniques for Chemical Engineers, brings together innovative research, new concepts, and novel developments in the application of new tools for chemical and materials engineers. It contains significant research, reporting new methodologies, and important applications in the fields of chemical engineering as well as the latest coverage of chemical databases and the development of new methods and efficient approaches for chemists. With clear explanations, real-world examples, this volume emphasizes the concepts essential to the practice of chemical science, engineering, and technology while introducing the newest innovations in the field.

Research on advanced energy conversion devices such as solar cells has intensified in the last two decades. A broad landscape of candidate materials and devices were discovered and systematically studied for effective solar energy conversion and utilization. New concepts have emerged forming a rather powerful picture embracing the mechanisms and limitation to efficiencies of different types of devices. The Physics of Solar Energy Conversion introduces the main physico-chemical principles that govern the operation of energy devices for energy conversion and storage, with a detailed view of the principles of solar energy conversion using advanced materials. Key Features include: Highlights recent rapid advances with the discovery of perovskite solar cells and their development. Analyzes the properties of organic solar cells, lithium ion batteries, light emitting diodes and the semiconductor materials for hydrogen production by water splitting. Embraces concepts from nanostructured and highly disordered materials to lead halide perovskite solar cells Takes a broad perspective and comprehensively addresses the fundamentals so that the reader can apply these and assess future developments and technologies in the field. Introduces basic techniques and methods for understanding the materials and interfaces that compose operative energy devices such as solar cells and solar fuel converters.

Progress in Organic and Physical Chemistry: Structures and Mechanisms provides a collection of new research in the field of organic and physical properties, including new research on: The physical principles of the conductivity of electrical conducting polymer compounds The dependence on constants of electromagnetic interactions upon electron spacial-energy characteristics Effects of chitosan molecultural weight on rehological behavior of chitosan modified nanoclay at hight hydrated state Bio-structural energy criteria of functional states in normal and pathological conditions Potentiometric study on the international between devalent cations and sodium carboxylates in aqueous solutions Structural characteristic changes in erythrocyte membranes of mice bearing Alzheimer's-like disease caused by the olfactory bulbetomy This volume is intended to provide an overview of new studies and research for engineers, faculty, researchers, and upper-level students in the field of organic and physical chemistry.

This elegant book provides a student-friendly introduction to the subject of physical chemistry. It is by the author of the very successful Basic Chemical Thermodynamics and is written in the same well-received popular style. It is concise and more compact than standard textbooks on the subject and emphasises the two important topics underpinning the subject: quantum mechanics and the second law of thermodynamics. Both topics are challenging to students because they focus on uncertainty and probability. The book explains these fundamental concepts clearly and shows how they offer the key to understanding a wide range of chemical phenomena including atomic and molecular spectra, the structure and properties of solids, liquids and gases, chemical equilibrium and the rates of chemical reactions.This revised edition has enabled improvements and corrections to be made.

This elegant book provides a student-friendly introduction to the subject of physical chemistry. It is by the author of the very successful Basic Chemical Thermodynamics and is written in the same well-received popular style. It is concise and more compact than standard textbooks on the subject and emphasises the two important topics underpinning the subject: quantum mechanics and the second law of thermodynamics. Both topics are challenging to students because they focus on uncertainty and probability. The book explains these fundamental concepts clearly and shows how they offer the key to understanding a wide range of chemical phenomena including atomic and molecular spectra, the structure and properties of solids, liquids and gases, chemical equilibrium and the rates of chemical reactions. This revised edition has enabled improvements and corrections to be made.

The demands of production, such as thin films in microelectronics, rely on consideration of factors influencing the interaction of dissimilar materials that make contact with their surfaces. Bond formation between surface layers of dissimilar condensed solids-termed adhesion-depends on the nature of the contacting bodies. Thus, it is necessary to determine the characteristics of adhesion interaction of different materials from both applied and fundamental perspectives of surface phenomena. Given the difficulty in obtaining reliable experimental values of the adhesion strength of coatings, the theoretical approach to determining adhesion characteristics becomes more important. Surface Physics: Theoretical Models and Experimental Methods presents straightforward and efficient approaches and methods developed by the authors that enable the calculation of surface and adhesion characteristics for a wide range of materials: metals, alloys, semiconductors, and complex compounds. The authors compare results from the proposed theories-developed within the framework of the electron density functional theory and dielectric formalism-to experimental data. The book begins with a discussion of the thermodynamics of surface phenomena and covers experimental and theoretical methods for studying surface characteristics of solids. Chapters describe calculations of surface and adhesion characteristics of metals using the density functional method. They also examine the calculation of adhesion characteristics of metals, semiconductors, and complex compounds based on dielectric formalism. In addition, the text covers dry friction, adsorption of metal atoms, and ferromagnetic films. The principles and methods presented in this book are useful in selecting optimum materials and coatings for various applications, including minimizing friction for increased efficiency of microelectronic components.

"Mathematics for Physical Chemistry" is the ideal supplementary text for practicing chemists and students who want to sharpen their mathematics skills while enrolled in general through physical chemistry courses. This book specifically emphasizes the use of mathematics in the context of physical chemistry, as opposed to being simply a mathematics text.

This 4e includes new exercises in each chapter that provide practice in a technique immediately after discussion or example and encourage self-study. The early chapters are constructed around a sequence of mathematical topics, with a gradual progression into more advanced material. A final chapter discusses mathematical topics needed in the analysis of experimental data.

* Numerous examples and problems interspersed throughout the presentations * Each extensive chapter contains a preview and objectives * Includes topics not found in similar books, such as a review of general algebra and an introduction to group theory * Provides chemistry-specific instruction without the distraction of abstract concepts or theoretical issues in pure mathematics

Within the field of soil science, soil chemistry encompasses the different chemical processes that take place, including mineral weathering, humification of organic plant residues, and ionic reactions involving natural and foreign metal ions that play significant roles in soil. Chemical reactions occur both in the soil solution and at the soil particle-solution interface-the latter surface reactions being vitally important in soil properties and behavior. The binding of ions to soil particles is important in defining the fate of foreign species, such as pollutants, and has a direct impact on nutrient availability. Soil Colloids: Properties and Ion Binding examines soil colloidal components and their interactions with ionic species, integrating soil science and colloid chemistry and considering the latest advances in this active research area. Part I covers the fundamentals of colloid science for readers not familiar with these principles. It discusses all the important concepts, without excessive detail such as extensive mathematical derivations. Part II deals with soil and its components, especially clay and oxide minerals and humic substances. It covers their composition and characteristics, with an emphasis on colloidal properties and ion sorption on colloids. Part III provides in-depth coverage of ion binding to soil colloids, with a focus on modeling, including recent advances. Chapters in this section describe general concepts and the issues arising from the heterogeneous nature of most natural colloids, particularly organic ones. Reviewing the state of the art in dealing with the more complex interactions, the text covers ion binding to minerals and humics, presenting different theoretical approaches, as well as ion binding to multiple components, or whole natural soils.