This highly informative and carefully presented book comprises select proceedings of Foundation for Molecular Modelling and Simulation (FOMMS 2018). The contents are written by invited speakers centered on the theme Innovation for Complex Systems. It showcases new developments and applications of computational quantum chemistry, statistical mechanics, molecular simulation and theory, and continuum and engineering process simulation. This volume will serve as a useful reference to researchers, academicians and practitioners alike.

Guaranteeing a high system performance over a wide operating range is an important issue surrounding the design of automatic control systems with successively increasing complexity. As a key technology in the search for a solution, advanced fault detection and identification (FDI) is receiving considerable attention. This book introduces basic model-based FDI schemes, advanced analysis and design algorithms, and mathematical and control-theoretic tools.
This second edition of Model-Based Fault Diagnosis Techniques contains:
new material on fault isolation and identification and alarm management;
extended and revised treatment of systematic threshold determination for systems with both deterministic unknown inputs and stochastic noises;
addition of the continuously-stirred tank heater as a representative process-industrial benchmark; and
enhanced discussion of residual evaluation which now deals with stochastic processes.
Model-based Fault Diagnosis Techniques will interest academic researchers working in fault identification and diagnosis and as a text it is suitable for graduate students in a formal university-based course or as a self-study aid for practising engineers working with automatic control or mechatronic systems from backgrounds as diverse as chemical process and power engineering.

Liquid-Liquid and Solid-Liquid Extractors, part of the Industrial Equipment for Chemical Engineering set, presents a concise and easy-to-use book on the calculation of differential liquid-liquid extraction, an investigation of equilibrium and material transfer between a fluid and a divided solid, and the fundamentals of liquid-solid extraction, among other strategies. The author also provides methods needed for the understanding the machinery used in applied thermodynamics in the hopes of encouraging students and engineers to construct the programs they need. Chapters are complemented with appendices which provide additional information and associated references.

THE CURRENT STATE OF THE ART of waterborne polymers, paints, coatings, inks and printing processes is presented in this volume. This is the third volume in the series on waterborne coating and printing technology. It documents several invited papers and the proceedings of the International Symposium on Surface Phenomena and Latexes in Waterborne Coatings and printing Technology sponsored by the Fine Particle Society (FPS). The FPS meeting was held in Las Vegas, Nevada, July 13-17, 1992. The volume deals with various basic and applied aspects of research on waterborne coating printing technology. Major topics discussed involve waterborne polymers and polymer blends, pigment grinding, millbases, paint formulation, and characterization of coating films. This edition includes sixteen selected papers related to recent developments in waterborne technology. These papers are divided in three broad categories: (1) Waterborne Polymers and pigment Dispersions, (2) Latex Film, Wetting Phenomena and Printing Gloss, (3) Surfactants and Polymers in Aqueous Coating printing Systems. This volume includes discussions of various waterborne polymers in coating printing systems. The editors hope that this volume will serve its intended objective of reflecting the current understanding of formulation and process problems related to waterborne coatings, paints and inks. In addition, it will be a valuable reference source for both novices as well as experts in the field of waterborne technology. It will also help the readers to understand underlying surface phenomena and will enhance the reader's potential for solving critical formulation, evaluation and process problems.

Green Chemistry and Biodiversity: Principles, Techniques, and Correlations reports on new approaches to designing chemicals and chemical transformations that are beneficial for human health and the environment, a continuing emerging important field of study. This volume provides a collection of innovative research on the development of alternative sustainable technologies, taking a broad view of the subject and integrating a wide variety of approaches. With a focus on the interdisciplinary applications of green chemistry and biodiversity, this volume will be a rich resource for scientists and researchers in many subfields of chemistry and chemical engineering.

Sheet and film processes include coating, papermaking, metal rolling, and polymer film extrusion. Products produced by these processes include paper, bumper stickers, plastic bags, windshield safety glass, and sheet metal. The total capitalization of industries that rely on these processes is well over $ 500 billion worldwide. These processes are notorious for being difficult to control.The goal of this book is to present the theoretical background and practical techniques for the identification and control of sheet and film processes. It is explained why many existing industrial control systems perform poorly for sheet and film processes. Identification and control algorithms are described and illustrated which provide consistent and reliable product quality. These algorithms include an experimental design technique that ensures that informative data are collected during input-output experimentation, model identification techniques that produce a process model and an estimate of its accuracy, and control techniques that take into account actuator constraints as well as robustness to model uncertainties.The algorithms covered in this book are truly the state of the art. Variations on some of the algorithms have been implemented on industrial sheet and film processes. Other algorithms are in various stages of implementation. All of the algorithms have been applied to realistic simulation models constructed from industrial plant data; many of these studies are included in this book.

The present issue of Structure and Bonding is dedicated to applied group 13 chemistry, particularly for the elements boron and aluminum, and to a lesser degree gallium and indium. Although boron is a trace element (0.01 g kg 1) in the earth's crust, it has been concentrated in a few locations by geochemical processes and is relatively easy to mine as borax. Aluminum, on the other hand, is the most abundant metal in the earth's crust (82 g kg 1) and dispersed widely throughout the globe. Thus, boron and aluminum are readily available and their associated products or compounds are usually inexpensive and thereby easy to commercialize. The chapters were chosen to encompass both applied and fundamental aspects of their subiects. The first chapter 'Borates in Industrial Use' provides a complete, and perhaps, quintessential, coverage of compounds containing boron oxygen bonds. In the chapter Schubert explains the close relationship between the basic properties of the boron compounds and their associated uses. The remaining four chapters focus, to some degree, on aluminum. Since a great deal of literature exists in this area, these chapters are more focused on areas of emerging utility, and contain a great deal of fundamental information. Uhl's contribution in Chapter 2 provides basic synthesis and structural information for aluminum and gallium hydrazides. These types of compounds are being explored as potential molecular precursors to metal nitrides such as the important blue green laser material gallium nitride.

This book offers a straightforward, informative guide to the chemicals used for gas hydrate formation and inhibition, providing the reader with the latest information on the definition, structure, formation conditions, problems, and applications of gas hydrates. The authors review not only the inhibitors used to prevent or mitigate hydrate formation, but also the conditions under which it is necessary to form hydrates quickly, which require the use of promoters. Various promoters are discussed, including their specifications, functions, advantages and disadvantages. The possibility of using natural reservoirs of gas hydrate as an energy source is also considered. Lastly, due to the difficulty of conducting experiments that reflect all conditions and concentrations, the book presents a number of models that can predict the basic parameters in the presence of the chemicals. Given its scope, the book will be of interest to professionals working in this field in an industrial context, as well as to researchers, undergraduate and graduate students of chemical engineering.

The book covers various topics of heat transfer. It explains and analyzes several techniques and modes of heat transfer such as conduction in stationary media, convection in moving media and also by radiation. It is primarily a text book useful for undergraduate and postgraduate students. The book should also interest practicing engineers who wish to refresh their knowledge in the field. The book presents the various topics in a systematic way starting from first principles. The topics are developed to a fairly advanced level towards the end of each chapter. Several worked examples illustrate the engineering applications of the basic modeling tools developed in the text. The exercises at the end of the book are arranged chapter wise and challenge the reader to tackle typical real-life problems in heat transfer. This book will be of potential use for students of mechanical engineering, chemical engineering and metallurgy in most engineering colleges.

Application, Purification, and Recovery of Ionic Liquids provides a comprehensive overview of the usage of ionic liquids (IL). The book gives a description of the methods used for recovery and purification of ILs, a summary of the economic aspects of using ILs, and a review on the toxicity data of ILs. It is written for researchers, scientists, and engineers working with ILs, their properties, and usages. The book not only describes the chemical aspects, but the economic and environmental aspects as well, making it of particular interest to professionals applying this technology.

This book puts together a body of very recent information never before presented in one volume on the design of post-release mitigation systems. The development of a fundamental knowledge base on post-release mitigation systems, through testing and data correlation, is very new. While further research and development is needed, this practical work offers guidance on putting post-release countermeasures to work now. The book presents current engineering methods for minimizing the consequences of the release of toxic vapors, or ignition of flammable vapors, including passive and active systems intended to reduce or eliminate significant acute effects of a dispersing vapor cloud in the plant facility, or into the surrounding community. As in all CCPS works, the book emphasizes planning and a systems approach, shows limitations of any methods discussed, and provides numerous references so that the reader may continue to learn.

This book provides an overview of the current and emerging industrial applications of ionic liquids, covering the core processes, the practical implementation and technical challenges involved, and exploring potential future directions for research and development. The introductory chapter describes the unique physical and chemical properties of ionic liquids, and illustrates the vast potential for application of these materials across the industrial landscape. Following this, individual chapters written by leading figures from industry and academia address specific processes and products, such as the development of a new chloroaluminate ionic liquid as an alkylation catalyst and a new class of capillary gas chromatography (GC) columns with stationary phases based on ionic liquids. Over the past twenty years, ionic liquids have moved from being considered as mere academic curiosities to having genuine applications in fields as wide-ranging as biotechnology, biorefineries, catalysis, pharmaceuticals, renewable fuels, and sustainable energy. This book highlights several commercial products and processes that use or will soon be using ionic liquids.

The series Topics in Current Chemistry Collections presents critical reviews from the journal Topics in Current Chemistry organized in topical volumes. The scope of coverage is all areas of chemical science including the interfaces with related disciplines such as biology, medicine and materials science. The goal of each thematic volume is to give the non-specialist reader, whether in academia or industry, a comprehensive insight into an area where new research is emerging which is of interest to a larger scientific audience. Each review within the volume critically surveys one aspect of that topic and places it within the context of the volume as a whole. The most significant developments of the last 5 to 10 years are presented using selected examples to illustrate the principles discussed. The coverage is not intended to be an exhaustive summary of the field or include large quantities of data, but should rather be conceptual, concentrating on the methodological thinking that will allow the non-specialist reader to understand the information presented. Contributions also offer an outlook on potential future developments in the field.

This book covers the recent research advances on the utilization of date palm fibers as a new source of cellulosic fibers that can be used in the reinforcement of polymer composites. It discusses the competitive mechanical, physical, and chemical properties which make date palm fibers stand out as an alternative to other fibers currently used in the natural fiber composites market. This volume will be useful to researchers working on natural fiber composites and fiber reinforced composites looking to develop green, biodegradable and sustainable components for application in automotive, marine, aerospace, construction, wind energy and consumer goods sectors.

The series Topics in Organometallic Chemistry presents critical overviews of research results in organometallic chemistry. As our understanding of organometallic structure, properties and mechanisms increases, new ways are opened for the design of organometallic compounds and reactions tailored to the needs of such diverse areas as organic synthesis, medical research, biology and materials science. Thus the scope of coverage includes a broad range of topics in pure and applied organometallic chemistry, where new breakthroughs are being achieved that are of significance to a larger scientific audience. The individual volumes of Topics in Organometallic Chemistry are thematic. Review articles are generally invited by the volume editors.

"The Handbook of Nonwoven Filter Media" provides the reader with a fundamental understanding of nonwoven filter media. It is one of the few books dealing exclusively with the subject of nonwoven filter media, and is primarily intended as a reference for people in the nonwovens industry (industry and academic researchers, technical and quality control personnel) and universities offering courses in filtration theory and practice and nonwovens technology.

Coverage includes gas, liquid, and engine filtration, which are covered in such a way as to identify the types of filter media used in these applications.

Theoretical presentation is based on flow through porous media, and is developed around a nonwovens or engineered fabrics orientation. In addition, for aerosol filtration, the book presents single fiber theory, developed for the filtration of particles from an air stream.

New sections on developing filter media technologies, including: Nanofiber technology, saline water treatment, new filter media structures, turbine air filtration, membrane filter technology, and new materials for filter media.New chapter on sustainability issues in the nonwovens field, covering recycling/recyclability, energy consumption, and carbon footprint, in addition to other environmental indicators and effectsA comprehensive discussionof Computaional Flow Dynamics (CFD) by Dr George Chase, University of Akron, USA."

Batch reaction systems pose unique challenges to process safety managers because they do not operate in a steady state. The sequence of processing steps, and frequent start-ups and shutdowns, increase the possibility of human errors and equipment failures. And, since batch plants are often designed for shared use, frequent modification of piping and layout may occur, resulting in complex "management of change" issues. This book identifies the singular concerns of batch reaction systems--including potential sources of unsafe conditions--and provides a "how-to" guide for the practicing engineer in dealing with them by applying appropriate practices to prevent accidents.

Cancer is an incredibly diverse and difficult disease to treat, and even after decades of research there is no definitive cure. Therefore, it is highly crucial to search for novel and new organic molecules with high potency, low toxicity, and low mutagenicity with selective anticancer properties that are able to overcome frequently developed resistance to available drugs. Heterocyclic anticancer agents are an important class of drugs for cancer therapies. This book explores different heterocycles and their use as anticancer therapies. Topics covered include different heterocyclic derivatives, the impact of heterocycles on anticancer agent development, and naturally occurring heterocycles.

This volume will capture transformational changes in both the chemistry and engineering side of solvent extraction, creating new directions and deepening our understanding of the structure and dynamics of liquid-liquid systems from the molecular- to nano- to meso- to bulk-scale. Reviews will cover advances in microfluidics, new tools for understanding the structure and dynamics of the liquid-liquid interface, ionic liquids in liquid-liquid extraction, molecular dynamics to visualize interactions in the solvent phase, liquid-liquid electrochemistry to interrogate the energetics of interfacial transport and complexation, design of new extractants, and the streamlining of process applications.

This indispensable book describes lubricant additives, their synthesis, chemistry, and mode of action. All important areas of application are covered, detailing which lubricants are needed for a particular application. Laboratory and field performance data for each application is provided and the design of cost-effective, environmentally friendly technologies is fully explored. This edition includes new chapters on chlorohydrocarbons, foaming chemistry and physics, antifoams for nonaqueous lubricants, hydrogenated styrene-diene viscosity modifiers, alkylated aromatics, and the impact of REACh and GHS on the lubricant industry.

This book presents articles from the World Conference on Acoustic Emission 2019 (WCAE-2019) held at Guangdong, China. The latest research and applications of acoustic emission (AE) are explored, with a particular emphasis on detecting and processing AE signals, the development of AE instrument and testing standards, AE of materials, engineering structures and systems, including the processing of collected data and analytical techniques. Numerous case studies are also included. It brings together leading academicians and professionals in the field to foster collaboration and to enhance research in this important area, with wide ranging applications.

This book provides a comprehensive overview of contemporary basic research, emerging technology, and commercial and industrial applications associated with the electrophoretic deposition of nanomaterials. This presentation of the subject includes an historical survey, the underlying theory of electrophoresis, dielectrophoresis, and the colloidal deposition of materials. This is followed by an assessment of the experimental equipment and procedures for electrophoretic and dielectrophoretic aggregation, manipulation, and deposition of nanoparticles, nanotubes, and other nanomaterials. Additional chapters explore the specific science and technology of electrophoretic film formation, using widely studied and application-driven nanomaterials, such as carbon nanotubes, luminescent nanocrystals, and nano-ceramics. The concluding chapters explore industrial applications and procedures associated with electrophoretic deposition of nanomaterials.

The plan of this book is to present the relevant thermodynamic features of fluid mixtures in contact with semipermeable barriers, then to apply this information in deriving the design requirements of individual membrane separation processes. The membranes, by this approach, are introduced by way of the mass transport and selectivity demands which they are to meet. This book gives a survey, in systematic order, of the terms and concepts by which barrier separations operate.